PRESCRIPTION

AND MEDICATION
ORDERS
UNIT II
PHARMACEUTICAL CARE 4

PRESCRIPTION
Prescrip7on is a wri<en order from a

licensed physician, den7st, and

veterinarian to a licensed pharmacist to
prepare and dispense specic
medica7on for a par7cular outpa7ent.

PARTS OF A PRESCRIPTION
1.
Pa7ent Informa7on
2.
Date of prescribing
3.
Superscrip7on
4.
Inscrip7on
5.
Subscrip7on
6.
Transcrip7on
7.
Prescriber informa7on
8. Rell informa7on
3

Pa3ent Informa3on

Name
Age
Sex
Weight and Height

Date of Prescribing
The date when the prescrip3on was wriHen by
the prescriber

Superscrip3on
It is represented by the symbol Rx which
means
you take or
take though or
recipe

Inscrip3on for Prepared Drug

Generic name of the drug

Brand name of the drug
Dosage form
Potency/strength
Quan3ty


MAKATI MEDICAL CENTER
10-12 TTH

Tel. 2314455

AMALIA FUENTES, MD
INTERNAL MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY

ASIAN HOSPITAL & MEDICAL CENTER

1-3 MWF

Tel . 445777

Pa3ents Name SUSAN ROCES

Age 55 Sex Female
Date_April 5 2009_


Rx

Valsartan 160 mg tab

#30

(Diovan)

Sig. tablet aier dinner






Amalia Fuentes, MD



Lic. No. 55505



PTR No. 1583991

Inscrip3on for Compounding Drug

Name of the ingredients
Base
Adjuvant
Correc3ve
Vehicle

Quan3ty

Example of Compounding Drug

Rx
Dextromethorphan
0.18
Guiafenesin syrup 1.2
Alcohol


2.1
Flavored syrup ad 60.0
M. Ft. Syr.
Sig. 5 mL t.i.d. for cough
10

Subscrip3on
Direc3on to the pharmacist on how to prepare
the drug.
Instruc3on usually make use of La3n
abbrevia3on
Found only in compounding Rx
e.g. M. i. sol.
M. i. cap. Dtd #12
11

Transcrip3on
Direc3on to the pa3ent on how, when, how much to
take, how long.
Size of the dose
Number of doses
Number of days the drug must be taken
Use of the drug (op3onal)
Mode of administra3on
Sig. 1 tsp 3d for cough for 5 days
12

Size of the dose

One cap
One tablet
One teaspoon or 5 mL
One suppository
One tablet dissolve in a glass of water
One sachet

13

Number of doses

Once a day or od
Twice a day or bid
Three 3mes a day or 3d
Four 3mes a day or qid
prn

14

Number of days the drug

must be taken

For 1 day
For 3 days
For 5 days
For 7 days
For 30 days
prn

15

Mode of Administra3on
Take
Ins3ll
Apply
Insert
Apply with rubbing
Dissolve in a glass of
water
Inhale

Spray
Place under the tongue
Inject
Intravenously
Intramuscularly
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Intraperitoneal

16

Prescriber informa3on

Name of the Prescriber

Signature of the prescriber
PTR number and date issued
PRC license number and date issued
S2 license number and date issued(for yellow
prescrip3on)

17

Republic of the Philippines serial no. 1125

Doctors name


Address___________________________
Opium license No.

Date issued________________________
Pa3ents name


Address __________________________
________________________________________________________________
Rx
Meperidine Hydrochloride ampoule
# 10
(Demerol)
Signa: 1 ampoule IM prn .
rere




Christopher de Leon, MD



PRC License No. 00452



PTR No. 21445
_______________________________________________________________

Dangerous Drug Prescrip3on or yellow prescrip3on

18

MEDICATION ORDERS
MEDICATION ORDERS are orders for
medica7ons by a licensed physician
intended for the use of a par7cular
inpa7ent in an ins7tu7onal seSng.

19

INFORMATION IN THE MEDICATION

ORDERS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Pa7ent informa7on(name and history no.)

Room number
Date and Time the order was wri<en
Name of the drug, dosage form, potency,
quan7ty and
route of administra7on
Prescribers signature
Direc7ons for the pharmacist
Instruc7on for Administra7on, including
quan7ty,
schedule and dura7on of use
Name or ini7als of person(s) who transcribed the order
(nurse or pharmacist)

20

Medical Center Hospital

Sampaloc , Manila
PATIENT MEDICATION ORDERS

DATE

PATIENT NAME: DAVID GO

HISTORY NUMBER: 120579
ROOM NUMBER : 430
WEIGHT: 125 LB

HEIGHT: 59
ATTENDING PHYSICIAN : DR. JAMES DINGLASAN


TIME

01/0106

01/02/06

1300

AGE: 62 y.o.

ORDERS

10,000 UNITS Heparin Sodium in 250 mL NS

Infuse IV over 4 hr.

James Dinglasan, MD
Joan Cruz, RN 01/01/06

1400

Morphine sulfate 10 mg and atropine sulfate 0.4 mg

On call for surgery at 0800 on 01/03/06. give IM.
James Dinglasan, MD
Joan Cruz, RN 01/02/06

Inpatient Medication orders

21

Prescrip3on and medica3on order

accuracy
Each medica3on must be

therapeu3cally appropriate to the pa3ent

prescribed at the correct dose
dispensed in the correct strength and the dosage form
correctly labeled with complete instruc3ons for the
pa3ent or caregiver
for pa3ent in the hospital, each medica3on must be
administered to the correct pa3ent, at the correct 3me
and by the correct rate and route of administra3on

22

Pharmacist must check for correct reading

and interpreta3on 0f prescrip3on and MO
Prescriber informa3on including address and
telephone no. and S2 license no. and
signature
Date of order and its currency to the request
for lling
Pa3ent informa3on including dose-relevant
informa3on

23

Pharmacist must check for correct reading and

interpreta3on 0f prescrip3on and MO
Drug prescribed, including dose, prepara3on
strength dosage form and quan3ty
Clarity of abbrevia3ons, symbols and units of
measure
Clarity and completeness of direc3ons for use by the
pa3ent or caregiver
Rell or generic subs3tui3on authoriza3on
Need for special labeling
A lis3ng of the ingredients and quan3ty for orders to
be compounded

24

Before dispensing , pharmacist must should

make certain of the following
The lled prescrip3on or medica3on order
contains the
correct drug,
strength,
dosage form and
quan3y.

The bar coding of pharmaceu3cal products used

in hospital is required in US.
The pharmacist imprinted serial number on the
label matches that on the order.
The label has the correct informa3on.
25

Informa3on needed on the label

Correct pa3ent and physician name
Correct drug name, quan3ty and strength
The name and ini3als of pharmacist who lled
the order
The number of rells remaining

26

Sample label
Pharmacare Drugstore
7 Rosa St. Paco Manila

Name of Pa3ent : Sheryl Cruz Dr. Dingdong Dantes

RX

Merormin 850 mg tablet
# 60
(Humamet)

Direc3on: 1 tablet aier breakfast and dinner



Expiry date: March 2010


Judy Ann Santos , RPh

27

Pa3ent Compliance
Pa3ent compliance with prescribed and nonprescribed medica3ons is
dened as pa3ent understanding and adherence to the direc3ons for use.
The compliant pa3ent follows the label direc3ons for taking the
medica3on properly and adheres to any special instruc3ons provided by
the prescriber or pharmacist.
Compliance includes
Taking medica3on at the desired strength
In the proper dosage form
At the appropriate 3me of the day and night
At the proper interval of the dura3on of the treatment and
With proper regard to food and drink and considera3on of other
concomitant medica3ons and herbal remedies.

28

Pa3ent Noncompliance
It is the failure to comply with a prac33oners or labelled
direc3on in the self-administra3on of any medica3on.
Noncompliance may involve
Underdosage or overdosage
Inconsistent or sporadic dosing
Incorrect dura3on of treatment and
Drug abuse or misadventuring with medica3ons

29

Factors for Pa3ent Noncompliance

Unclear or misunderstood direc3ons,
Undesired side eects of the drug that discourage use,
Lack of pa3ent condence in the drug or to the prescriber
Discon3nued use because the pa3ent feels beHer or worse,
Economic reasons based on the cost of the medica3on
Absence of pa3ent counselling and understanding of the need for and
means of compliance,
Confusion over taking mul3ple medica3ons,
Pa3ent forgot taking the medica3ons

30

Abbrevia3ons Commonly Used in Prescrip3ons

and Medica3on Orders
Must be interpreted correctly
Must be familiar with the abbrevia3ons and
the meaning

31

Acceptable Abbrevia3ons
Abbreviation

Acceptable

Abbreviation

Acceptable

100 U

100 Units

Ug

Mcg

q.o.d

Every other day

T.I.W

Three times a week

D/C

Discontinue, discharge

IVP

IV push, intravenous
pyelogram

Au, as, ad

Both ears, left ear, right

ear

q.d

Every day

Ou, os, od

Both eyes, left eye, right

eye

HS

At bedtime, half-strength

Day or dose

PB

Phenobarbital

Iv

Intravenous

10mg

10 mg

32

Classica3on of Drug based on prescrip3on

requirement
OTC DRUG
PRESCRIPTION DRUG
DANGEROUS DRUG

33

COMPARISON OF THE 3 DRUGS IN TERMS OF

PRESCRIPTION REQUIRED
DRUG

OTC

RX DRUG

Dangerous drug

Prescription required

none

Ordinary
prescription

Yellow
prescription

Number of copies

none

One

Three-ph, dr., & pt

Ways of identifying

No Rx sign

With Rx sign and

addl label
requiring
prescription

With Rx sign and

addl label requiring
prescription and List
A

Recording required

No

Prescription book

Dangerous drug
book

Filing of prescription

No

2 years

1 year

Note: for poison drug the prescription should be kept for 5 years and
recorded in poison book.

34

PROCESSING OF PRESCRIPTION IN
THE COMMUNITY PHARMACY
PRESCRIPTION FROM THE
DOCTOR

PRESCRIPTION GIVEN TO THE

PHARMACY

MEDICINES PREPARED AND

DISPENSED BY THE
PHARMACIST

PATIENT RECEIVED THE

MEDICATION AND PATIENT
COUNSELING IS PROVIDED

35

PROCESSING OF MEDICATION
ORDER IN THE HOSPITAL
MEDICATION ORDER IS
WRITTEN BY THE DOCTOR
IN THE PATIENT MEDICAL
CHART

MEDICATION ORDER IS
TRANSCRIBED BY THE NURSE
AND SEND TO THE PHARMACY
DEPARTMENT

NURSE PREPARED THE MEDICINE

FOR ADMINISTRATION TO THE
PATIENT

MEDICATION ORDER IS PREPARED BY

THE HOSPITAL PHARMACIST AND
SEND TO THE NURSE STATION

PATIENT RECEIVED THE

MEDICINE IN UNIT DOSE
36

PROCESSING OF MEDICATION ORDER IN

HOSPITAL WITH CLINICAL PHARMACY
MEDICATION ORDER IS WRITTEN BY
THE DOCTOR IN THE PATIENT
MEDICAL CHART

MEDICATION ORDER IS CHECKED FOR

ANY INTERACTION AND TRANSCRIBE
BY THE CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN THE
WARD AND SEND TO PHARMACY
DEPARTMENT

HOSPITAL PHARMACIST PREPARES AND

DISPENSE THE MEDICATION ORDER
AND SEND THE MEDICINE TO THE
CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN THE WARD

CLINICAL PHARMACIST PREPARE THE

MEDICINE IN UNIT DOSE AND
ENDORSE IT TO THE NURSE

THE NURSE ADMINISTERS

THE MEDICINES TO THE
PATIENT

THE CLINICAL PHARMACIST

MONITORS THE PATIENT RESPONSE
TO MEDICIATION

THE PATIENT RECEIVE THE

MEDICINEFROM THE NURSE
37