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Culture Documents
1
Supported in part by from a grant from the American Egg Board/Egg Nutrition
Center to M.L.F. and contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-3148-2-083 from U.S.
Department of Agriculture to J.M.O. K.L.H. is the 2002 recipient of the American
Egg Board Egg Nutrition Center Dissertation Fellowship in Nutrition.
2
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: maria-luz.fernandez@
uconn.edu.
3
Abbreviations used: ABC, ATP binding cassette; CHD, coronary heart
disease; HDL-C, HDL cholesterol; LDL-C, LDL cholesterol; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PMSF, phenylmethylsulfonyl uoride; SFA, saturated fatty acids;
SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.
HERRON ET AL.
1162
1163
RESULTS
TABLE 2
TABLE 1
Baseline characteristics of study subjects by gender
Men (n = 40)
Age, y
BMI, kg/m 2
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg
Total cholesterol,2 mg/dL
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL
Triglycerides,3 mg/dL
1
2
3
32.6
25.6
115.0
78.1
160.6
93.8
44.8
109.1
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
10.3
4.4
9.5
9.3
29.5
25.1
7.6
65.7
Women (n = 51)
29.5
23.9
121.0
72.5
174.8
97.4
60.1
86.5
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
8.2
5.0
12.1
8.1
29.3*
3.9
12.0*
42.1*
Genotype
C/C
CG
G/G
Total
Women
Men
91 (69)
91 (22)
91 (9)
n (%)
35 (69)
10 (20)
6 (12)
28 (70)
10 (25)
2 (5)
DISCUSSION
In this study, we showed that carriers of the ABCG5 G allele
(homozygous and heterozygous) have less of a response to
dietary cholesterol and carotenoids than their ABCG5 C/C
counterparts. Because our subjects participated in a study in
which they were challenged with excess dietary cholesterol and
carotenoids, by consuming 3 eggs/d during the EGG period, we
were able to demonstrate the interaction between the ABCG5
allele and the absorption of cholesterol and carotenoids, both of
which are absorbed simultaneously via intestinal micelles (19).
The dietary variations in cholesterol, SFA, MUFA, and
PUFA that occurred between EGG and SUB can be attributed
primarily to the eggs consumed. One whole egg provides 313.5
kJ, 1.5 g of saturated fatty acid (SFA), 1.9 g of MUFA, and
0.682 g of PUFA(20). Epidemiologic data clearly indicate that a
strong positive relation exists between the percentage of energy
obtained from SFA and CHD incidence (21). It was determined
TABLE 3
Plasma TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C concentrations of men
and women classied by ABCG5 genotype during the
EGG and SUB periods1
Plasma lipids,2 mg/dL
Genotype
ABCG5 C/C
EGG
SUB
68
ABCG5 G3
EGG
SUB
23
TC
LDL-C
HDL-C
182.6 6 32.7a
168.9 6 27.6b
169.9 6 27.4b
165.8 6 27.8b
,0.01
,0.05
,0.05
,0.01
NS4
NS
HERRON ET AL.
1164
ABCG5 C/C
EGG
SUB
27
ABCG5 G2
EGG
SUB
13
Carotenoids, mmol/L
Lutein
0.89 6 0.42a
0.57 6 0.23c
Zeaxanthin
0.16 6 0.07
0.14 6 0.13
0.84 6 0.43a
0.65 6 0.38b
0.17 6 0.13
0.14 6 0.10
P , 0.01
NS3
P = 0.08
P , 0.05
NS
NS
1165
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