Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ii.
Mental distraction
9. PROBLEMS IN UNDERSTANDING MESSAGES
i.
Different backgrounds
ii.
Different interpretations of words
iii.
Different emotional reactions
10.SPECIAL PROBLEMS
i.
Complexity of message
ii.
Difficult conditions for transmission
iii.
Difficult conditions for reception
iv.
Differences between sender and receiver
11.Conventions of meaning (Symbols, signs, signifiers, signified or referents are
different; attribution of meaning can be different)
12.Perception of reality
13.Values, attitudes and opinions
14.Lack of knowledge
15.Lack of interest
16.Personality clash
17.Emotionalism
1. CONVENTIONS OF MEANING
Difference in language
Symbols, signs, signifiers, signified or referents are different.
Attribution of meaning can be different.
Sender and receiver must have same understanding level and approach.
Miscommunication occurs due to:
i.
ii.
Denotation
Connotation
Abstracting
Process of looking for relevant information omitting the less important things.
Dont be personal or biased.
ii.
Inferring
Evaluating
LACK OF KNOWLEDGE
LACK OF INTEREST
PERSONALITY CLASH
EMOTIONALISM
Two-way communication
Strengthening communication network
Promoting participative approach
Appropriate simple language
Credibility in communication
Good and active listening
Effective communication channel
Avoid information overload
Eliminate differences in perception
Emotional state
Flexibility in meeting targets
Give constructive feedback
Proper media selection
Reduction of noise level
xv.