Overshoot Index 2011

Overshoot Index 2011

The Overshoot Index assesses the extent to which a country can support itself from its own renewable resources, by measuring
current per capita consumption against per capita biocapacity. The ecological footprint measures the area of biologically productive
land and water required to produce the renewable resources/ecological services for, and absorb the waste of, a given population at
a given average level of resource consumption. Biocapacity is the biologically productive capacity of an area - cropland, grazing
land, forest, fresh water etc. It does not include non-renewable resources like fossil fuels and other minerals. The true balance
between consumption and demand for resources will appear even more unfavourable when the progressive reduction towards zero
use of non-renewables is factored into the numbers. A satisfactory way to do this has yet to be devised. Ecological footprint and
biocapacity are measured in global hectares (hectares with world average biological productivity) per person. Increased productivity
would reduce dependency; while increased population or consumption per head would increase it.
The percentage of an areas footprint supported from its renewable resources is its self-sufficient percentage; the remaining
percentage is its dependent percentage. Similarly, the percentage of an areas population supported from its renewable
resources is its sustainable population at current consumption levels with current technology; the remaining percentage is its
overshoot population. A dependency of greater than zero means that a country, region or the world is relying on other countries
or non-renewable, unsustainable resources for its current consumption. Countries in overshoot increase their dependency, and
the others approach overshoot, as either their population or their per capita consumption grows; and faster if both grow.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

fo
ec
o

bi
oc

ot

pr
in
tg
ac
lo
ap
ba
a
lh
ci
se
ty
a
lf
gl
pc
su
o
ffi
b
al
ci
en
ha
cy
de
pc
%
pe
nd
en
cy
%
ac
tu
al
po
p'
n
(m
su
)
st
ai
na
bl
e
po
ov
p'
er
n
sh
(m
oo
)
tp
al
ph
op
ab
'n
et
(m
ica
)
ll
ist
in
g

m
na

io
n

eg

ry
/r
nt

co
u

de

pe

nd

en

cy

ra
n

kin

All source data is from the 2011 Data Tables, based on 2008 figures, produced by the Global Footprint Network
(GFN). Countries with populations of under one million have been omitted. GFNs data are largely from UN sources; their
methodology is still admittedly imprecise, but is subject to continuous refinement. Apparent discrepencies in the calculations are due
to rounding. For full details of the calculations, go to www.footprintnetwork.org This extrapolation from GFN data was produced by
Population Matters. www.populationmatters.org

Already in overshoot
Singapore*
6.1 0.0
Kuwait
9.7 0.4
Israel
4.0 0.3
United Arab Emirates
8.4 0.6
Jordan
2.1 0.2
Mauritius
4.6 0.6
Lebanon
2.8 0.4
Japan
4.2 0.6
Korea, Republic of
4.6 0.7
Netherlands
6.3 1.0
Saudi Arabia
4.0 0.7
Iraq
1.4 0.2
Qatar
11.7 2.1
Belgium
7.1 1.3
Jamaica
1.7 0.3
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
3.2 0.7
Switzerland
5.0 1.2
Italy
4.5 1.1
United Kingdom
4.7 1.3
Occupied Palestinian Territory*
0.5 0.1
Macedonia TFYR
5.4 1.6
Spain
4.7 1.5
El Salvador
2.0 0.6
Portugal
4.1 1.3
Iran, Islamic Republic of
2.7 0.8
Greece
4.9 1.6
Algeria
1.6 0.6
Azerbaijan
2.0 0.7
Cuba
1.9 0.7
Middle East/Central Asia**
2.5 0.9
Dominican Republic
1.4 0.5
Sri Lanka
1.2 0.5
Oman
5.7 2.2
Egypt*
1.7 0.7
Syrian Arab Republic
1.5 0.6
China
2.1 0.9
Armenia
1.7 0.7

Prepared by Population Matters

0.6
4.4
7.3
7.6
11.1
12.3
13.8
14.2
15.6
16.3
16.4
16.9
17.6
18.8
19.0
20.8
23.8
25.3
28.5
28.5
29.0
30.8
31.3
31.4
31.6
32.2
34.1
36.6
37.4
37.7
38.1
38.4
38.6
38.6
39.3
40.8
41.8

99.4
95.6
92.7
92.4
88.9
87.7
86.2
85.8
84.4
83.7
83.6
83.1
82.4
81.2
81.0
79.2
76.2
74.7
71.5
71.5
71.0
69.2
68.7
68.6
68.4
67.8
65.9
63.4
62.6
62.3
61.9
61.6
61.4
61.4
60.7
59.2
58.2

4.8
2.5
7.1
8.1
5.8
1.3
4.2
126.5
47.7
16.5
26.2
29.8
1.4
10.6
2.7
6.2
7.6
59.9
61.5
3.8
2.1
45.1
6.1
10.6
72.3
11.3
34.4
8.9
11.3
382.6
9.7
20.5
2.6
78.3
19.7
1,358.8
3.1

Page 1 of 3

0.0
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.2
0.6
17.9
7.5
2.7
4.3
5.0
0.2
2.0
0.5
1.3
1.8
15.2
17.5
1.1
0.6
13.9
1.9
3.3
22.8
3.6
11.7
3.3
4.2
144.3
3.7
7.9
1.0
30.2
7.7
554.0
1.3

4.7
2.4
6.6
7.5
5.2
1.1
3.6
108.6
40.3
13.8
21.9
24.8
1.2
8.6
2.2
4.9
5.8
44.7
44.0
2.7
1.5
31.2
4.2
7.3
49.5
7.7
22.7
5.7
7.0
238.3
6.0
12.6
1.6
48.1
12.0
804.8
1.8

Afghanistan
Africa**
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Argentina
Armenia
Asia-Pacific**
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bangladesh
Belarus
Belgium
Benin
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
C. America/ Caribbean**
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Congo
Congo, Dem. Republic of
Costa Rica
Croatia
Cuba
Czech Republic

83
42
27
142
136
36
130
68
28
71
94
14
79
147
62
112
141
82
97
52
93
122
133
146
119
108
35
129
148
145
69
75
29
46

www.populationmatters.org

pr
in
tg
ac
lo
ap
ba
a
lh
ci
se
ty
a
lf
gl
pc
su
o
ffi
b
al
ci
en
ha
cy
de
pc
%
pe
nd
en
cy
%
ac
tu
al
po
p'
n
(m
su
)
st
ai
na
bl
e
po
ov
p'
er
n
sh
(m
oo
)
tp
al
ph
op
ab
'n
et
(m
ica
)
ll
ist
in
g

e
m

na

kin

74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96

io
n

ra
n

61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73

eg

Germany
Mexico
South Africa
EU**
Korea, Democratic People's
Thailand
Albania
Philippines*
Slovenia
Uzbekistan
Czech Republic
Poland
Turkey
Uganda
Haiti
Asia-Pacific**
Morocco
Burundi
Pakistan
United States of America
Tunisia
High-income countries
Serbia*
Ireland
India
Kenya
Ethiopia
C. America/ Caribbean**
Denmark
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Guatemala
France
Slovakia
Zimbabwe
Tajikistan
Austria
Costa Rica
Moldova
Bangladesh
Malaysia
Togo
World
North America**
Swaziland
Croatia
Yemen
Ukraine
Nepal
Benin
Rwanda
Ghana
Bulgaria
Afghanistan
Hungary
Lesotho
Nigeria
Viet Nam
Turkmenistan
Georgia
Gambia
Romania
Kazakhstan
Cambodia
Belarus
Tanzania, United Republic of
Malawi

Prepared by Population Matters

ot
fo

bi
oc

cy

56
57
58
59
60

2.0
1.4
1.2
2.2
0.6
1.2
0.9
0.6
2.6
0.9
2.7
2.0
1.3
0.8
0.3
0.9
0.7
0.4
0.4
3.9
1.0
3.1
1.4
3.4
0.5
0.5
0.6
1.0
4.8
1.6
1.1
3.0
2.9
0.7
0.6
3.3
1.6
1.3
0.4
2.5
0.7
1.8
4.1
1.0
2.6
0.6
2.2
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.3
2.6
0.4
2.7
0.8
1.1
1.1
3.2
1.2
1.2
2.3
3.5
1.0
3.4
1.0
0.7

ry
/r

en

51
52
53
54
55

4.6
3.3
2.6
4.7
1.3
2.4
1.8
1.3
5.2
1.8
5.3
3.9
2.6
1.6
0.6
1.6
1.3
0.8
0.8
7.2
1.8
5.6
2.6
6.2
0.9
0.9
1.1
1.7
8.3
2.7
1.8
4.9
4.7
1.2
0.9
5.3
2.5
2.1
0.7
3.9
1.0
2.7
6.2
1.5
3.9
0.9
3.2
0.8
1.4
0.7
1.7
3.6
0.5
3.6
1.1
1.4
1.4
4.0
1.4
1.4
2.8
4.1
1.2
4.0
1.2
0.8

nt

nd

40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50

co
u

pe
de

37
38
39

ec
o

Overshoot Index 2011

42.7
43.1
46.6
47.6
47.8
48.6
48.7
49.1
49.8
49.8
50.7
50.9
51.2
51.8
51.9
52.5
52.6
52.7
53.4
53.7
54.3
54.5
54.8
54.9
55.5
55.9
57.3
57.9
58.2
59.7
60.1
60.9
61.3
61.5
61.7
63.1
63.6
63.6
63.7
64.1
65.2
65.8
66.1
66.5
67.6
68.4
69.8
70.1
72.3
73.7
73.7
74.2
74.6
74.6
75.8
78.0
78.7
80.1
81.7
81.9
82.0
84.0
84.4
85.2
85.5
85.8

57.3
56.9
53.4
52.4
52.2
51.4
51.3
50.9
50.2
50.2
49.3
49.1
48.8
48.2
48.1
47.5
47.4
47.3
46.6
46.3
45.7
45.5
45.2
45.1
44.5
44.1
42.7
42.1
41.8
40.3
39.9
39.1
38.7
38.5
38.3
36.9
36.4
36.4
36.3
35.9
34.8
34.2
33.9
33.5
32.4
31.6
30.2
29.9
27.7
26.3
26.3
25.8
25.4
25.4
24.2
22.0
21.3
19.9
18.3
18.1
18.0
16.0
15.6
14.8
14.5
14.2

82.5
35.2
47.2 Denmark
110.6
47.7
62.9 Dominican Republic
49.3
23.0
26.4 Ecuador
495.1
235.9 259.2 Egypt*
24.1
11.5
12.6 El Salvador
68.3
33.2
35.1 Eritrea
3.2
1.5
1.6 Estonia
90.2
44.3
45.9 Ethiopia
2.0
1.0
1.0 EU**
26.8
13.4
13.5 Finland
10.4
5.3
5.1 France
38.2
19.5
18.8 Gabon
70.9
36.3
34.6 Gambia
31.3
16.2
15.1 Georgia
9.7
5.1
4.7 Germany
3,725.2 1954.0 1771.2 Ghana
31.3
16.5
14.8 Greece
7.9
4.2
3.8 Guatemala
167.4
89.4
78.1 Guinea
305.0
163.8 141.2 Guinea-Bissau
10.2
5.6
4.7 Haiti
1,037.0
565.6 471.4 High-income countries
9.8
5.4
4.4 Honduras
4.4
2.4
2.0 Hungary
1,190.9
661.1 529.7 India
38.5
21.5
17.0 Indonesia
79.4
45.5
33.9 Iran, Islamic Republic of
66.8
38.6
28.1 Iraq
5.5
3.2
2.3 Ireland
3.8
2.3
1.5 Israel
13.7
8.2
5.5 Italy
62.1
37.8
24.3 Jamaica
5.4
3.3
2.1 Japan
12.5
7.7
4.8 Jordan
6.7
4.1
2.6 Kazakhstan
8.3
5.3
3.1 Kenya
4.5
2.9
1.6 Korea, Democratic People's
3.6
2.3
1.3 Korea, Republic of
145.5
92.6
52.9 Kuwait
27.5
17.6
9.9 Kyrgyzstan
5.8
3.8
2.0 Lao People's Democratic
6,739.6 4433.7 2305.9 Latvia
448.9
296.8 152.1 Lebanon
1.2
0.8
0.4 Lesotho
4.4
3.0
1.4 Liberia
22.6
15.5
7.1 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
46.0
32.1
13.9 Lithuania
28.9
20.3
8.6 Low-income countries
8.4
6.0
2.3 Macedonia TFYR
10.0
7.4
2.6 Madagascar
23.3
17.2
6.1 Malawi
7.6
5.6
2.0 Malaysia
29.8
22.3
7.6 Mali
10.0
7.5
2.5 Mauritania
2.1
1.6
0.5 Mauritius
150.7
117.5
33.2 Mexico
86.0
67.6
18.3 Middle East/Central Asia**
4.9
3.9
1.0 Middle-income countries
4.4
3.6
0.8 Moldova
1.6
1.3
0.3 Mongolia
21.6
17.7
3.9 Morocco
15.7
13.1
2.5 Mozambique
13.8
11.7
2.2 Myanmar
9.7
8.2
1.4 Namibia
42.3
36.2
6.1 Nepal
14.0
12.0
2.0 Netherlands

Page 2 of 3

61
30
100
33
23
131
125
60
127
64
149
90
89
37
81
26
63
121
140
50
106
84
58
109
25
12
57
3
18
15
8
5
92
59
40
9
2
104
111
120
7
85
132
16
102
21
135
96
72
110
123
6
38

70
138
51
139
107
143
78
10

www.populationmatters.org

pr
in
tg
ac
lo
ap
ba
a
lh
ci
se
ty
a
lf
gl
pc
su
o
ffi
b
al
ci
en
ha
cy
de
pc
%
pe
nd
en
cy
%
ac
tu
al
po
p'
n
(m
su
)
st
ai
na
bl
e
po
ov
p'
er
n
sh
(m
oo
)
tp
al
ph
op
ab
'n
et
(m
ica
)
ll
ist
in
g

e
m

na

kin

137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149

io
n

ra
n

110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136

eg

Burkina Faso
Middle-income countries
Panama
Senegal
Ecuador
Somalia
Lithuania
Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. of
Low-income countries
Not yet in overshoot
Kyrgyzstan
Africa**
Norway
Honduras
Myanmar
Chile
Indonesia
Other Europe**
Mali
Lao People's Democratic
Botswana
Papua New Guinea
Sudan
Nicaragua
Russian Federation
Sierra Leone
Sweden
Chad
Latvia
Guinea
Cameroon
Mauritania
Timor-Leste*
Estonia
Peru
Finland
Uruguay
Colombia
Australia
Eritrea
Liberia
Canada
New Zealand*
Madagascar
Argentina
South America**
Zambia
Mongolia
Mozambique
Guinea-Bissau
Brazil
Angola
Namibia
Paraguay
Congo, Dem. Republic of
Central African Republic
Bolivia
Congo
Gabon

ot
fo

1.3
1.4
4.8
1.7
1.9
3.2
1.1
4.0
1.9
1.3
2.8
2.7
1.6
1.6
4.4
1.1
5.7
1.9
4.0
1.7
1.1
2.9
0.5
4.7
2.0
6.2
5.1
1.8
6.7
0.7
1.3
6.4
4.3
1.2
2.7
2.7
0.8
5.5
0.8
1.1
2.9
0.9
2.0
3.0
0.8
1.4
2.6
1.1
1.8

bi
oc

cy

105
106
107
108
109

1.4
1.7
2.7
1.4
2.2
1.4
4.3
3.0
1.1

ry
/r

en

104

1.5
1.9
3.0
1.5
2.4
1.4
4.4
3.0
1.1

nt

nd

98
99
100
101
102
103

co
u

pe
de

97

ec
o

Overshoot Index 2011

89.5
89.6
90.0
91.5
92.1
94.7
98.6
99.4
99.9

10.5
10.4
10.0
8.5
7.9
5.3
1.4
0.6
0.1

15.5
13.9
4,394.1 3939.3
3.4
3.1
11.8
10.8
14.1
12.9
8.9
8.4
3.4
3.3
28.1
27.9
1,297.5 1296.8

1.6
454.8
0.3
1.0
1.1
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.7

1.3 102.8
-2.8
1.5 106.8
-6.8
5.4 113.1
-13.1
-14.0
2.0 114.0
-14.5
2.2 114.5
3.7 115.5
-15.5
1.3 117.2
-17.2
4.9 121.8
-21.8
-22.5
2.3 122.5
-26.5
1.6 126.5
3.8 132.1
-32.1
3.7 136.8
-36.8
-43.4
2.3 143.4
-49.2
2.3 149.2
6.6 150.6
-50.6
1.7 151.5
-51.5
9.5 166.6
-66.6
-67.5
3.2 167.5
-67.7
6.6 167.7
2.9 170.6
-70.6
1.9 171.8
-71.8
5.2 182.0
-82.0
-82.5
0.9 182.5
-84.4
8.7 184.4
3.8 188.0
-88.0
12.2 196.2
-96.2
10.0 197.6
-97.6
3.9 216.1 -116.1
14.6 218.0 -118.0
1.5 223.2 -123.2
3.0 230.7 -130.7
14.9 232.1 -132.1
10.2 236.4 -136.4
2.9 252.2 -152.2
7.1 262.7 -162.7
7.4 273.2 -173.2
2.3 274.6 -174.6
15.3 277.3 -177.3
2.2 281.4 -181.4
3.4 308.2 -208.2
9.6 328.0 -228.0
3.0 334.8 -234.8
7.2 353.0 -253.0
10.9 364.6 -264.6
3.1 409.5 -309.5
8.4 615.9 -515.9
18.4 705.6 -605.6
12.2 1127.7 -1027.7
28.7 1582.8 -1482.8

5.2
5.4
938.4 1002.3
4.8
5.4
7.3
8.3
47.3
54.1
16.8
19.4
235.0
275.4
238.1
289.9
14.5
17.7
6.0
7.6
2.0
2.6
6.5
9.0
41.4
59.4
5.6
8.4
143.2
215.5
5.6
8.5
9.2
15.4
10.7
17.8
2.3
3.8
9.6
16.3
18.8
32.2
3.3
6.0
1.1
2.0
1.3
2.5
28.5
53.5
5.3
10.4
3.3
6.6
45.0
97.3
21.5
46.9
4.9
11.0
3.7
8.4
33.3
77.4
4.3
10.1
19.5
49.3
39.7
104.3
390.1 1065.9
12.4
34.0
2.7
7.4
22.3
62.8
1.5
4.5
191.5
628.3
18.0
60.4
2.2
7.8
6.2
22.7
62.5
255.8
4.2
26.1
9.6
67.9
3.8
43.3
1.5
23.0

-0.1
-63.8
-0.6
-1.0
-6.9
-2.6
-40.5
-51.8
-3.3
-1.6
-0.6
-2.4
-18.0
-2.8
-72.4
-2.9
-6.1
-7.2
-1.5
-6.8
-13.5
-2.7
-0.9
-1.1
-25.1
-5.1
-3.3
-52.3
-25.4
-6.1
-4.8
-44.0
-5.8
-29.7
-64.6
-675.7
-21.6
-4.7
-40.5
-3.0
-436.7
-42.4
-5.6
-16.5
-193.3
-21.9
-58.2
-39.4
-21.5

New Zealand*
Nicaragua
Nigeria
North America**
Norway

134
115
86

Occupied Palestinian Territory*

Oman
Other Europe**
Pakistan
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines*
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia*
Sierra Leone
Singapore*
Slovakia
Slovenia
Somalia
South Africa
South America**
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Tajikistan
Tanzania, United Republic of
Thailand
Timor-Leste*
Togo
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States of America
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. of
Viet Nam
World
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe

20
32

105

53
98
113
144
126
43
47
24
13
91
116
80
11
99
56
117
1
65
44
101
39
22
31
114
74
118
17
34
67
95
41
124
73
55
48
88
49
77
4
19
54
128
45
103
87
76
137
66

NOTES:
World population is inclusive of countries not included in the table
* Country Notes: See GFN Data table
** Country grouping results are for stated countries only

Prepared by Population Matters

Page 3 of 3

www.populationmatters.org