13. For a 98% confidence interval, we use =10.98=0.02, so / 2 0.

01 z z = which is the zscore

with area 0.99 below it. The closest area in the tables to 0.9900 is 0.9901
corresponding to 0.01 z = 2.33

30. (a) 475

10 10
xx
= = = 47.5days
(b) For 95% confidence the critical value is 0.025 z = 1.96 . Then:
Lower bound 0.025
47.5 1.96 11 47.5 6.8
10
xz
n

= = = 40.7days
Upper bound 0.025
47.5 1.96 11 47.5 6.8
10
xz
n

= + = + + = 54.3days
We are 95% confident that the population mean number of days it takes customers to
pay their June bills is between 40.7 and 54.3 days.
Chapter 9 Estimating the Value of a Parameter Using Confidence Intervals
(c) Yes, June payments appear to be typical. That is, June payments do not appear to
differ from payments in general since the mean in general, 47 days, is contained within
our confidence interval for June.

32. (a) 316.67

35 35
xx

= = 9.05million shares
(b) For 90% confidence the critical value is 0.05 z = 1.645 . Then:
Lower bound 0.05
9.05 1.645 6.17 9.05 1.72
35
xz
n

= = = 7.33million shares

Upper bound 0.05

9.05 1.645 6.17 9.05 1.72 10.77
35
xz
n

= + = + + = million shares
We are 90% confident that the population mean number of shares of Google stock
traded in 2004 is between 7.33 and 10.77 million shares per day.
(c) The point estimate is 299.49
35 35
xx
= = 8.56million shares
Lower bound 0.05
8.56 1.645 6.17 8.56 1.72
35
xz
n

= = = 6.84million shares
Upper bound 0.05
8.56 1.645 6.17 8.56 1.72
35
xz
n

= + = + + = 10.28million shares
We are 90% confident that the population mean number of shares of Google stock
traded in 2004 is between 6.84 and 10.28 million shares per day.
Section 9.1 The Logic in Constructing Confidence Intervals about a Population Mean
(d) The intervals obtained in parts (a) and (c) are different because the different samples
resulted in different sample means. In this case, the sample mean from part (c) is
490,000 shares smaller than the sample mean from part (a).

8. (a) From the row with df = 19 and the column headed 0.02 we read t = 2.205.
(b) From the row with df = 32 and the column headed 0.10 we read t = 1.309.
(c) From the row with df = 6 and the column headed 0.05 we read t = 1.943. By
symmetry, the t-value with an area to the left of 0.05 is t = 1.943.
(d) For a 95% confidence interval we want the t-value with an area in the right tail of
0.025. With df = 16 we read from the tables that t = 2.120.
12) (a) For 90% confidence, / 2 = 0.05 . Since n = 40 , then df = 39 and 0.05 t = 1.685 . Then:
Lower bound 0.05
35.1 1.685 8.7 35.1 2.32
40

xts
n
= = =32.78
Upper bound 0.05
35.1 1.685 8.7 35.1 2.32
40
xts
n
= + = + + =37.42
(b) Since n =100 , then df = 99, but since there is no row in the tables for 99 degrees of
freedom we use df = 100 instead. The critical value is 0.05 t = 1.660 . Then:
Lower bound 0.05
35.1 1.660 8.7 35.1 1.44
100
xts
n
= = =33.66
Upper bound 0.05
35.1 1.660 8.7 35.1 1.44
100
xts
n
= + = + + =36.54
Increasing the sample size decreases the margin of error.
(c) For 98% confidence, / 2 = 0.01 . With 39 degrees of freedom, 0.01 t = 2.426 . Then:
Lower bound 0.01
35.1 2.426 8.7 35.1 3.34
40
xts
n
= = =31.76
Upper bound 0.01
35.1 2.426 8.7 35.1 3.34
40
xts
n
= + = + + =38.44
Increasing the level of confidence increases the margin of error.
(d) For a small sample (n = 15), the population must be normally distributed.

24. (a) Yes. The normal probability plot indicates that the data come from a population that is
approximately normal, and the box plot indicates that there are no outliers.
(b) Using technology, x = 9.47 hours and s 2.14 hours.
For 90% confidence, / 2 = 0.05 . Since n =10 , then df = 9 and 0.05 t = 1.833 .

Lower bound 0.05

9.47 1.833 2.14 9.47 1.24
10
xts
n
= = = 8.23hours.
Upper bound 0.05
9.47 1.833 2.14 9.47 1.24
10
xts
n
= + = + + = 10.71hours.
We are 90% confident that the population mean number of hours the battery will last
on this player is between 8.23 and 10.71 hours.
(c) The sample size could be increased in order to increase the accuracy of the interval
without changing the confidence level.