Std: 8

SEM 1

CHAPTER 2 FLOWER & FRUIT

STUDY MATERIAL

SCIENCE

PURVESH SIR (Ph): 9429976149

Q 1 Answer in one or two word:

1). What is the upper tip region of the pedicel called? ______________________
2). With what are all the parts of a flower attached? ______________________
(a) Pedicel (b) Corolla (c) Calyx (d) Receptacle (Thalamus)
3). What is the green leaf-like structure located on the outermost side of a flower called?
____
(a) Sepal (b) Petal (c) Stamen (d) Corolla
4). Which part of the flower protects the flower during its budding stage? ________________
5). Where in are the pollen grains produced? ______________________
6). What is the small flatten, upper most region of carpel (gynoecium) called?
(a) Stigma (b) Anther (c) Ovary (d) Thalamus
7). To what does the stigma belong? _________________________
(a) Filament (c) Androecium (b) Anther (d) Gynoecium
8). In which plant does wind pollination occur? _______________________
(a) Shoeflower (b) Rose (c) Sunflower (d) Maize
9). In which plant does pollination occur through water? _________________
(a) Maize (b) Shoeflower (c) Trapa (d) Rose
10). What are the small grain-like parts found in the ovary called? _______________
(a) Anthers (b) Pollens (c) Ovules (d) Filaments
11). Which of the following is not included as carrier of pollen grains? ________________
(a) Beetle (b) Butterfly (c) Housefly (d) Honeybee
12). Pollen grain deposited on the stigma, gets connected with the .
through the pollen tube. (a) egg cell in the ovule (b) style (c) ovary (d)
anther
13). Which of the following is a fleshy fruit? ________________
(a) Bean (b) Lady's finger (c) Tomato (d) Sweet pea
14). Which is the male reproductive organ of a flower? ______________________
15). Which is the female reproductive organ of a flower? ______________
16). What is the swollen portion at the base of the carpel called? _________________
17). After the fertilization of ovary, it develops into a ..
18). After the fertilization, ovules convert into ..
19). What are petals together form? ___________________
20). What are sepals together form? ____________________
21). What is the upper part of the stamen known as? ____________________
22). What is the tube like structure beneath the stigma known as? _________________
23). Ovule develops into .... after fertilization.
24). is known as whorl of petals.
25). is known as whorl of sepals.
26). Which part of the flower is colourful and attract the insects for pollination?
_____________
27). Carpel or Carpels unitedly form the ..

28). Which part of the flower is full of fragrance? _______________________

29). Give two examples of caryopsis fruit?
____________________________________________________
30). Give two examples of capsules fruit?
_____________________________________________________
Q 2 Identify Me:
1) Flowers are arranged on me Receptacle
2) I protect the flower in bud condition Calyx
3). I am a colourful part of the flower and I am also full of fragrance Corolla
4). I am known as whorl of petals Corolla
5). I am known as whorl of sepals Calyx
6). I am reproductive organ of a plant Flower
7). I attract the insects for pollination Corolla
8). I am the most beautiful and attractive organ of the plant Flower
9). I am the male reproductive organ of the flower Androecium
10). I am the male reproductive cell (gamete) of the flower Pollen grains
11). I am the female reproductive organ of the flower Gynoecium
12). I am the female reproductive cell (gamete) of the flower Egg cell (ovules) in
ovary
13). I produce pollen grains Anther
14). I am the swollen portion at the base of carpel Ovary
15). I am the tube like structure beneath the stigma Style
16) .I am the most attractive part of the flower Corolla (Petals)
Q 3 Define:
1). Pollination: The process of transfer of pollen grain from the stamen to the stigma of a
carpel is called pollination.
2). Self Pollination: The process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of
the same flower or another flower of same plant is known as self pollination.
3). Cross Pollination: The process of transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower
to the stigma of a carpel of another flower of another plant of the same species is known
as cross pollination.
4). Fertilization: Male gamete (pollen) travelling within the pollen tube unites with the egg
cell of ovary. The process of fusion of male gamete (pollen) and female gamete (egg cell)
is known as fertilization.
5). Dry Fruit: The fruit in which the wall of ovary becomes dry at their maturity is called dry
fruit. Eg. Bean, Pea, Red gram, Pigeon pea, Green gram, Cow pea, Bengal gram, Maize,
Groundnut etc.

6). Fleshy Fruit: The fruit in which the wall of ovary becomes fleshy and juicy at their
maturity is called fleshy fruit. Eg. Mango, Brinjal, Tomato, Lemon, Papaya, etc.
Extra Define: (Calyx, Corolla, Stigma, Style, Ovary,..)
Q 4 Name the parts of stamen. Stamen has two parts: (1) a filament and (2) an anther
Q 5 Name the parts of gynoecium. (1) Stigma, (2) Style and (3) Ovary
Q 6 Name the parts of the flower. (1) Receptacle (thalamus) (2) Calyx (3) Corolla (4)
Androecium (5) Gynoecium
Q 7 Differences:
1). Calyx Corolla
Calyx
It is generally green in colour.
It protects the flower during bud stage.
Sepals collectively form calyx.
2). Androecium Gynoecium
Androecium
It is male reproductive organ of the flower.
Its main parts are filament and anther.
Its anther produces a large number of
pollen grains.
3) Self pollination Cross pollination
Self pollination
The process of transfer of pollen grains
from the anther to the stigma of the same
flower or another flower of same plant is
known as self pollination.
Generally the careers of pollination are not
required in this type of pollination.
Wastage of pollen grains is comparatively
lower.
4) Dry fruit Fleshy Fruit
Dry Fruit
The wall of ovary becomes dry in some
fruits at their maturity. Such fruits are
known as dry fruits.
Eg: Bean, pea, pigeon pea, green gram,
etc.
These fruits are never juicy

Corolla
Corolla is variously coloured.
It attracts the insects for pollination.
Petals collectively form corolla.
Gynoecium
It is female reproductive organ of the
flower.
Its main parts are stigma, style and
ovary.
Its ovary produces one or numerous
ovules.
Cross pollination
The process of transfer of pollen grains
from the anther of one flower to the
stigma of a carpel of another flower of
another plant of the same species is
known as cross pollination.
The careers of pollination play an
active role in this type of pollination.
Wastage of pollen grains is
comparatively higher.
Fleshy Fruit
The wall of ovary becomes fleshy in
some fruit at their maturity. Such fruits
are known as fleshy fruits.
Eg: Mango, Papaya, Lemon, Tomato
etc.
These fruits are juicy.

Q 8 Explain process of fertilization.

Ans. By the process of pollination the pollen grain are deposited on the stigma of a carpel.
The pollen grain develops a long pollen tube that passes through the style and enters the
ovary. Inside the ovary, ovules are present. Male gamete (pollen) travelling within the
pollen tube unites with the egg cell of ovary. The process of fusion of male gamete (pollen)
and female gamete (egg cell) is known as fertilization.
After fertilization the ovule develops into a seed and ovary develops into a fruit.
Q 9 Give reason:
1). Some flowers are coloured and fragrant.
Ans. The coloured and fragrant flowers attract the insects. When the insects sit on such
flower, the pollen grains of the flower get stuck to their body. The insect carries the stuck
pollens to another flower. Thus in order to facilitate pollination by insects some flowers are
coloured and fragrant.
2). The pollen grains are very light in weight produced in large number in the flowers
showing wind pollination.
Ans. In wind pollination, the wind carries away pollen grains. In order to enable the wind to
carry the pollen grains, the pollen grains should necessarily be light in weight.
Moreover, all the pollen grains carried away by the wind do not fall on the flowers. Most of
pollen grains are wasted. Thus