Tuesday, January 27, 2015

LINEAR EQUATIONS
AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Determine the value of a variable

given the other variables
Example 1:
Given 6m + n = 27, find the value of n, when m=3
(3)
Solution:

6 m + n = 27
6

+ n = 27

- 18 + n = 27
n = 27
n=9#
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:

(4)
Given 6m + n = 7, find the value of m, when n=4
Solution:

6 m+n=7
6m+

=7

6 m +- 4 = 7
6m = 7
6 =3
6m
m= 3

3
m
62
1
m
2

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
Find the value of y

Find the value of x

1. 2x + 3y = 16 , x = 2

6. 3x + 2y = 15 , y = 3

2. 4x + 2y =7

,x=5

7. 3x +4y = 8

,y=2

3. -3x + 2y = 9

, x = -3

8. 5x + 2y = 4

, y = -3

4. -2x +3y = -3

, x = -1 9. 2x - 3y = -3 , y = -1

5. 8x + 2y -10 =0 , x = 4

10. 2x + 3y -10 =0 , y = 4
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Find the value of x

6. 3x + 2y = 15 , y = 3
7. 3x +4y = 8

,y=2

8. 5x + 2y = 4

, y = -3

9. 2x - 3y = -3 , y = -1
10. 2x + 3y -10 =0 , y = 4
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Find the value of x

Exercise

1. 3x + 2y = 15 , y = 3

1. 3x +4y = 8

,y=2

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
Find the value of y

3
x=4
x y 3;
4
2
1
x y 6; x = 5
12.
5
3
11.

13.

3
x 6 y;
4

x = -3
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
Find the value of y
14.

15.

2 x 3 y 4 x 2 y;
4
x 4 y;
5

x=4

x = -10

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
Find the value of x
16.

2
y x 1;
3

y=3

17.

3
2
x 10 y;
5
3

y=6
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
Find the value of x
18.

19.

20.

4 2 x 8 3 y;

8 x 2 y 10 0;
2
3
x y 12;
3
4

y = -2

y = -3

y = -8
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

SIMULTANEOUS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1:
a + b = 10 and a b = 2
a + b = 10
(+)

a b=
= 12
2
2a
a = 12
2
a =6

When a=6
6 , then:

(1)

a + b = 10

(2)

+ b = 10

.(1)

b = 10 - 6
b = 4 #

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:
3m - n = 7 and m +n =
5
(1)
3m - n = 7
(2)

(+)

m + n=
= 12
5
4m
m = 12
4
m =3

When m=3
3 , then:
m+ n = 5

.(2)

+ n = 5
n = 5-3
n = 2#

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 3:
2e + 3f=1 and 5e3f = 13

(+)

When e=2
(2), then:

2e +3f = 1

(1)

2e

+ 3f = 1

5e - 3f = 13

(2)

+ 3f = 1

.(1)

= 14

3f = 1 - 4

= 14
7

=2

f = -3
3
f = -1#

7e

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 4:
2x + y = 4 and 2x - y = 16

(+)

When x=5
(5), then:

2x + y = 4

(1)

2x

+y = 4

2x y = 16

(2)

+y = 4

4x

= 20
x

= 20
4

=5

.(1)

y = 4 - 10
y = -6
#

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
1.
2.
3.
4.

x + y =4
x+y =8
3x + y = 20
5x 4y =19

and
and
and
and

xy =2
xy=4
xy =4
7x + 4y=17

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

SIMULTANEOUS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
(SUBTRACTION)
AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1:
2a + b =10 and a + b =2
2a + b = 10 (1)
(-)

a +b=2
a

=8

(2)

When a=8
8 , then:
a+ b

= 2

+ b

= 2

.(2)

b = 2-8
b = -6#

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:
3m + n = 7 and m +n = 5

(-)

When m=1
1 , then:

3m + n = 7

(1)

m+ n = 5

m +n= 5

(2)

+ n = 5

2m

= 2
m = 2
2
m =1

.(2)

n = 5-1
n = 4#

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
1. 5e + 3f = 13

2. 4x + y = 16
3. 2x + y = 10
4. 2x + y = 12

and
and
and
and

2e + 3f = 1
2x + y = 4
x+y =7
x+y =7

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

1. 5e + 3f = 13

and

2e + 3f = 1

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR
EQUATIONS
(MULTIPLICATION PART 1)

AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1:
a + b = 5 and 2a + 3b = 15
x3

x3

a +b
(-)
(+)

= 5

x3

2a + 3b = 15

3a + 3b = 15
(-) 2a + 3b = 15
a

(1)
(2)
....(3)
(2)

x3

When a=0
0 , then:
a+ b

= 5

+ b

= 5

.(1)

b = 5-0
b = 5#

= 0
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:
a + 4b = 3 and 5a - 8b = 1
x2

x2

a + 4b = 3
(-)
(+)

(+)

5a - 8b

x2

= 1

2a + 8b = 6
5a - 8b = 1
7a

= 7
a = 1

(1) x 2
(2)
....(3)
(2)

1 , then:
When a=1
a + 4b = 3

.(1)

+ 4b = 3
4b = 3 - 1
4b = 2
2 1
b =
4 2

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 3:
2a + 5b = 16 and a - b = 1
2a + 5b = 16 (1)
x5

(-)
(+)

x5

x 5(2)

a - b = 1
2a + 5b = 16 ....(1)
(+) 5a
- 5b = 5 (3)
7a

= 21
a = 3

When a=3
(3), then:
2a + 5b = 16
2

x5

.(1)

+ 5b = 16
+ 5b = 16
5b = 16 - 6
5b = 10

10
2
b =
#
5
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
1. 2e + f = -3

2. 4x + 3y = 3
3. x + y = 3
4. 3m - n = 3

and 3e + 4f = -7
and x + y = 0
and 3x - 5y = 17
and m + 3n = 11

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

1. x + y = 3

and

3x - 5y = 17

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

SIMULTANEOUS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
(MULTIPLICATION PART2)

AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1:
3a + 2b = 9 and 2a + 3b = 11
x3

x3

3a
(-) 2a
(+)

9a
(-) 4a
5a

+ 2b

x2

+ 3b

x2

+ 6b
+ 6b

x3

= 9
=

(1) x 3

x2
11 (2) x 2

= 27
= 22
= 5

a = 1

....(3)
(4)

When a=1
(1), then:
3a + 2b
3

+ 2b
3 + 2b

= 9 .(1)
= 9
= 9

2b = 9 - 3
2b = 6
b = 3
#
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:
3a + 5b = 21 and 5a - 3b = 1
x3

3a
(-)
(+)

5a

x5

x3

+ 5b
-

3b

x5

x3
21 (1) x 3

x5
1 (2) x 5

9a
(+) 25a

+ 15b = 63
- 15b = 5

34a

= 68
a = 2

....(3)
(4)

When a=2
(2), then:
3a + 5b
3

+ 5b
6 + 5b

= 21 .(1)
= 21
= 21

5b = 21 - 6
5b = 15
b = 3
#
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

When a =(-1)
-1 , then:

Example 3:
2a - 3b = 4 and 7a - 4b = 1
x4

2a
(-)
(+)

7a

x3

8a
(-)21a
-13a

x4

3b
4b

x3

x4

= 4
=

(1) x 4

x3
1 (2) x 3

- 12b = 16
+- 12b = 3
= 13
a = -1

...(3)
(4)

2a - 3b
2

- 3b
-2 - 3b

= 4 .(1)
= 4
= 4

-3b = 4 + 2
-3b = 6
6
b =
3

b = -2 #
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
1. 2e + 3f = 7

2. 2x + 3y = 8
3. 3x - 2y = 1
4. 2m - 5n = 8

and
and
and
and

5e - 4f
3x - 2y
5x - 3y
3m - 7n

=6
= -1
= 3
= 11

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

SIMULTANEOUS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
(PROBLEM SOLVING)
AIRIL AHMAD
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1: The sum of two numbers is 50.

If the difference is 12,
find the two numbers.

(+)

A + B = 50
A - B = 12
2A
A
A

= 62
= 62

= 31

(1)
(2)

When A=31
31 , then:
A+ B
+ B

= 50
= 50

.(1)

B = 50 - 31
B = 19 #
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2: 2 apples and 3 lemons cost RM2.70.

2 apples and 1 lemon cost RM1.70.
Find the cost of an apple and a lemon.

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 3: 2 durians and 3 apples cost RM11.50.

1 durian and 2 apples cost RM6.00.
Find the cost of a durian and apple.

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 4: 3 pens and 2 pencils cost RM13.00.

2 pens and 2 pencils cost RM9.00.
Find the cost of a pen and pencil.
Example 5: The cost of 6 benches and 4 chairs is
RM132 . While the cost of 5 benches
and 2 chairs is RM 78.Find the cost of
each chair and bench.
Example 6: In a ranch, there are goats and
chickens. If there are 22 heads and
58 legs, find the numbers of goat
and chicken.
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

In a ranch, there are goats and

Example 6: chickens. If there are 22 heads and
58 legs, find the numbers of goat
and chicken.
Example 7:In an aquarium, there are ducks and
octopus. If there are 30 heads and
90 legs, find the numbers of duck
and octopus.
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 5: The cost of 6 benches and 14 chairs is

RM132 . While the cost of 5 benches
and 2 chairs is RM 78.Find the cost of
each chair and bench.

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 6: A sport store supplies 24 netballs and

16 volley balls to one school for
RM275.60 and delivers 12 netballs
and 32 volley balls to another school
for RM211. If delivery is free, how
much did the supplier charge for
each type of ball?

AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

AIRIL AHMAD

SIMULTANEOUS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
(SUBSTITUTION)
AIRIL AHMAD

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 1:

Substitute b=2
(2)in (1)

a + 3b = 3 and b = 2
a + 3b = 3
b=2

AIRIL AHMAD

(1)

a + 3b = 3
a+3 =3

(2)

a -+ 6 = 3
a =3
a = -3

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 2:

Substitute a =(-3)
-3 in (1)

2a - 3b = 6 and a = -3
2a - 3b = 6
a = -3

AIRIL AHMAD

(1)
(2)

2a - 3b = 6
2

3b = 6

+- 6 3b = 6
-3b = 6
-b = 12
b = -12

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Substitute a =(2b)
2b in (1)

Example 3:
2a + b = 15 and a = 2b
2a + b = 15
a = 2b
a=2
a=6

AIRIL AHMAD

(1)
(2)

2a + b = 15
2
+ b = 15
4b + b = 15
5b = 15
b = 15

5
b =(3)
3

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Substitute a =(3b)
3b in (1)

Example 4:
2a - 3b = 12 and a = 3b
2a - 3b = 12

(1)
(2)

a = 3b
a=3
a = 12

AIRIL AHMAD

2a 3b = 12
2
-3b = 12
6b - 3b = 12
3b = 12
b = 12

3
b =(4)
4

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Substitute a =(2
2 + b)
b in (1)

Example 5:
a + b = 10 and a b = 2
a + b = 10

(1)
(2)

b =2nd
2 equation
By ausing
a
+b =2
a
a
a

AIRIL AHMAD

=2
=2 + 4
=6

+ b = 10
+ b = 10
2 + b + b = 10
2 + 2b = 10
2b = 10 - 2
2b = 8
b =8

b = 4

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

AIRIL AHMAD

Substitute n =(5
5 - m)
m in (1)

Example 6:
3m - n = 7 and m +n =
5
3m - n = 7 (1)
(2)

+ n 2=nd5equation
Bym
using
-m+n=5
n =5
n =53
n =2

3m - n
3m 3m - 5 + m
4m 5
4m
4m
m

=7
=7
=7
=7
=7+5
= 12
= 12
4
m = 3

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Example 7:

AIRIL AHMAD

Substitute h =(4
4 2g)
2g in (2)

2g + h = 4 & 2g h =16
2g + h = 4

(1)

2g h = 16

(2)

By using 1st equation

- 2g + h = 4
h =4
h = 4 10
h =-6

2g - h
2g 2g - 4 + 2g
4g 4
4g
4g
g

= 16
= 16
= 16
= 16
= 16 + 4
= 20
= 20
4
g = 5

Tuesday, January 27, 2015

Exercise
1. Use substitution method to solve the
following simultaneous equations.

AIRIL AHMAD