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INCORREC
T
body organization
A)
embryogenesis
B)
development
C)
embryology
D)
2
INCORREC
T
What term best describes all of the mechanisms that produce cellular diversity and order during an individual's development?
differentiation
A)
embryogenesis
B)
gastrulation
C)
organogenesis
D)
3
INCORREC
T
4
INCORREC
T
Prophase I
A)
Prophase II
B)
Metaphase I
C)
Anaphase II
D)
5 CORRECT
All of a woman's primary oocytes are produced
between the ages of 16 and 24 years
A)
within a year after she reaches puberty
B)
before she is born
C)
none of the above
D)
6 CORRECT
In each meiotic division of oogenesis, one of the daughter cells receives most of the cytoplasm while the other forms a
pronucleus
A)
polar body
B)
primary oocyte
C)
secondary oocyte
D)
7 CORRECT
Unlike oogonia, ____________ always divide first by mitosis before undergoing meiosis.
spermatogonia
A)
primary spermatocytes
B)
secondary spermatocytes
C)
spermatids
D)
8
INCORREC
T
an acrosome containing digestive enzymes
A)
a nucleus with 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome
B)
a midpiece and a long tail called a flagellum
C)
a large amount of cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus
D)
9 CORRECT
Which one of the following is not a stage of embryogenesis?
cleavage
A)
meiosis
B)
gastrulation
C)
organogenesis
D)
10
INCORREC
T
cleavage
A)
gastrulation
B)
organogenesis
C)
maturation
D)
11
INCORREC
T
capacitation
A)
fertilization
B)
development
C)
differentiation
D)
12
INCORREC
T
Sperm cells must undergo ____________ within the female reproductive tract before they can fertilize a secondary oocyte.
capacitation
A)
meiosis
B)
spermiogenesis
C)
none of the above
D)
13
CORRECT
All major organ systems appear in the early form of a distinctly humanlike body during the
pre-embryonic period
A)
second trimester
B)
embryonic period
C)
fetal period
D)
14
INCORREC
T
The series of mitotic divisions that transforms the zygote into a blastocyst is called
cleavage
A)
implantation
B)
placentation
C)
embryogenesis
D)
15
INCORREC
T
prenatal
A)
pre-embryonic
B)
embryonic
C)
fetal
D)
16
INCORREC
T
prior development for at least two weeks within the uterine lumen
A)
subdivision of the trophoblast into a cellular inner layer and a thick outer layer
B)
burrowing into the endometrium by cells of the syncytiotrophoblast
C)
contact between the blastocyst and pools of nutrients in the uterine glands
D)
17
INCORREC
T
The embryoblast portion of the blastocyst is called the bilaminar germinal disc, or
hypoblast
A)
epiblast
B)
trophoblast
C)
blastodisc
D)
18
INCORREC
T
a sperm cell
A)
a zygote
B)
a grain of rice
C)
19
INCORREC
T
primitive streak
A)
hypoblast layer
B)
cytotrophoblast
C)
endoderm layer
D)
20
INCORREC
T
The three primary germ layers that form during gastrulation are the
21
INCORREC
T
22
INCORREC
T
The connecting stalk that attaches the early embryo to the placenta is the precursor to the
umbilical cord
A)
chorionic villi
B)
yolk sac
C)
umbilical vein
D)
23
INCORREC
T
Differential growth beginning in the late third and fourth weeks of development results in which of the following?
24
INCORREC
T
25
INCORREC
T
The inductive process that transforms a flat layer of ectodermal cells into a hollow nervous system tube is called
invagination
A)
neurulation
B)
notochord formation
C)
gastrulation
D)
26
INCORREC
T
27
CORRECT
28
CORRECT
By the end of week 8, the embryo is barely over ____________ long but already has the outward appearance of a human as
well as the beginnings of most organ systems.
3 millimeters
A)
10 millimeters
B)
1 inch
C)
4 inches
D)
29
CORRECT
1 to 8
A)
9 to 12
B)
13 to 16
C)
17 to 20
D)
30
INCORREC
T
During the last 30 weeks of prenatal development the unborn organism is called
an embryo
A)
a neonate
B)
a fetus
C)
none of the above
D)
1
INCORREC
T
2
INCORREC
T
3
INCORREC
T
Prophase I
A)
Anaphase I
B)
Metaphase II
C)
Telophase II
D)
4
INCORREC
T
5
INCORREC
T
Under normal conditions, how many of the four spermatozoa produced from each spermatocyte contain a Y chromosome?
two
A)
four
B)
one
C)
the number varies randomly
D)
6
INCORREC
T
Which of the following must occur between the first phase of fertilization and zygote formation?
7
INCORREC
T
8
INCORREC
T
Which one of the following phrases does not accurately describe the blastodisc?
9 CORRECT
The second week of development can be characterized as the "period of twos" because
a two-layered germinal disc forms, and from it, two extraembryonic cavities
A)
the placenta begins to develop from two components that merge
B)
both of the above
C)
neither a nor b is true
D)
10
INCORREC
T
The placenta provides services for the fetus that will eventually be performed by which of the following organ systems?
digestive
A)
respiratory
B)
urinary
C)
all of the above
D)
11
CORRECT
Although the bilaminar germinal disc contains two layers of cells, only the ____________ gives rise to the three layers of the
trilaminar embryo.
epiblast
A)
hypoblast
B)
cytotrophoblast
C)
syncytiotrophoblast
D)
12
INCORREC
T
The pre-embryo arrives in the uterine cavity as a ____________, but it is a ____________ by the time it begins implantation.
zygote; morula
A)
morula; blastocyst
B)
morula; gastrula
C)
blastocyst; gastrula
D)
13
CORRECT
In the blastocyst, the fluid-filled chamber that separates the bilaminar germinal disc from the trophoblast is the
blastocoel
A)
amniotic cavity
B)
chorionic cavity
C)
yolk sac
D)
14
CORRECT
The invagination or migration of cells from the epiblast into the space between it and the hypoblast marks the beginning of
cleavage
A)
organogenesis
B)
gastrulation
C)
neurulation
D)
15
INCORREC
T
All three primary germ layers develop from the same cellular layer in the blastodisc as which extraembryonic membrane?
chorion
A)
yolk sac
B)
trophoblast
C)
amnion
D)
16
CORRECT
Although neurulation primarily involves changes in ectoderm, it could not occur without inductive interaction between
mesoderm and endoderm
A)
endoderm and ectoderm
B)
ectoderm and mesoderm
C)
both a and b
D)
17
INCORREC
T
18
CORRECT
19
INCORREC
T
20
INCORREC
T
Which of the following would be the most likely consequence of a genetic defect that prevented the placenta from producing
hormones?
spontaneous abortion within the first week of pregnancy
A)
loss of the fetus because of inadequate oxygen supply
B)
severely underweight birth after a normal gestation period
C)
miscarriage as soon as the corpus luteum ceases to function
D)
21
INCORREC
T
third
A)
fourth
B)
fifth
C)
sixth
D)
22
INCORREC
T
Fetal alcohol syndrome and congenital syphilis share what etiological aspect?
23
INCORREC
T
Teratogens would be most likely to cause which of the following types of congenital anomalies?
malformations
A)
disruptions
B)
deformations
C)
all of the above
D)
24
CORRECT
25
INCORREC
T
What must actually rupture when the "water breaks" during labor?
chorion
A)
amnion
B)
endometrium
C)
all of the above
D)
1
INCORREC
T
ovary.
A)
uterine tube.
B)
uterus.
C)
vagina.
D)
2
INCORREC
T
The outer layer of the blastocyst that attaches to the wall of the uterus at implantation is called the
amnion.
A)
yolk sac.
B)
embryoblast.
C)
trophoblast.
D)
3
INCORREC
T
At about day 3 after fertilization, the cells of the preembryo adhere tightly to each other and increase their surface contact in a
process called
implantation.
A)
compaction.
B)
gastrulation.
C)
neurulation.
D)
4
INCORREC
T
paraxial mesoderm.
A)
intermediate mesoderm.
B)
lateral plate mesoderm.
C)
head mesenchyme.
D)
5 CORRECT
During gastrulation, cells from the ________ layer of the bilaminar germinal disc migrate and form the three primary germ
layers.
notochord
A)
hypoblast
B)
epiblast
C)
mesoblast
D)
6
INCORREC
T
synapsis.
A)
nondisjunction.
B)
crossing over.
C)
reduction division.
D)
7
INCORREC
T
The cells of the embryoblast differentiate into the ________ and the ________.
epiblast, hypoblast
A)
cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast
B)
amnioblast, epiblast
C)
epiblast, cytotrophoblast
D)
8 CORRECT
Which of the following is not an extraembryonic membrane?
amnion
A)
mesoderm
B)
chorion
C)
yolk sac
D)
9 CORRECT
Capacitation occurs when sperm cells
move through the uterine tubes.
A)
are mixed with secretions from the testes.
B)
are deposited within the female reproductive tract.
C)
are preparing to penetrate the secondary oocyte.
D)
10
CORRECT
B)
neurulation.
C)
gastrulation.
D)