El Mtodo de las Dos Fases es una variante del Algoritmo simplex, que es

usado como alternativa al Mtodo de la Gran M, donde se evita el uso de la

constante M para las variables artificiales. Se puede resumir as:
Fase Uno:
Minimizar la suma de las variables artificiales del modelo. Si el valor de la Z
ptima es cero, se puede proseguir a la Fase Dos, de lo contrario el problema
no tiene solucin.
Fase Dos:
Con base en la tabla ptima de la fase uno, se elimina de las restricciones las
variables artificiales, y se reemplaza la funcin objetivo, por la funcin objetivo
original y se resuelve a partir de ah, con el mtodo Simplex tradicional.
Mtodo M
1 Pasar a la forma Estndar el Modelo Matemtico
2 Agregar variable artificial donde no hay variable de holgura
3 Penalizar las variables artificiales en la funcin objetivo asignando
coeficiente positivo muy grande "M" (minimizar = +M, maximizar= -M)
4 Quitar las "m" de la columna artificial, ya teniendo solucin inicial
5 Se aplica el Mtodo Simplex

Mtodo M
MAYOR IGUAL S + A
MENOR IGUAL +S
=A

METODO DE LA M
10
Min.

Z=

3X1

+ 6X2

X3

4X1

X2

+ 3X3

18

X1

+ 6X2

+ 4X3

50

2X1

+ 3X2

35

S.a:

X3

X1, X2, X3 0

Forma estndar

Min Z= 3X1 + 6X2 + X3

Sujeto a:
4X1 - X2 + 3X3 + S1 = 18
X1 + 6X2 + 4X3 +A1 = 50
2X1 + 3X2

+ X3 + S2 = 35

X1, X2, X3, S1, S2, A1 0

Min Z = 3X1 + 6X2 + X3 + M (50 X1 -6X2 -4X3)

= 3X1 + 6X2 + X3 +50M X1M - 6X2M - 4X3M
= X1 (3 M) + X2 (6 -6M) + X3( 1 -4M)
Z- X1 (3-M) X2(6-6M) X3 (1-4MM) (-1) = 50 M
Z + X1 (-3+M) + X2 (-6 + 6M) + X3(-1 +4M) = 50 M

V. B

X1

X2 V.E

X3

S1

S2

A1

SOLUCION

(-3 +M)

(-6+6M)

(-1+4M)

50M

S1

-1

18

A1

50

S2

35

V. B

X1

X2

X3 V.E

S1

S2

A1

SOLUCION

-2

(1-M)

50

S1

25/6

11/3

1/6

79/3

X2

1/6

2/3

1/6

25/3

S2

3/2

-1

-1/2

10

V. B

X1

X2

X3 V.E

S1

S2

A1

SOLUCION

-119/22

-3/11

(19/22-M)

313/11

X3

25/22

3/11

1/22

79/11 V.S

X2

-13/22

-2/11

-1/33

39/11

S2

29/11

3/11

-5/11

189/11

11

Min.

Z=

5X1

- 6X2

7X3

X1

+ 5X2

3X3

15

5X1

- 6X2

+ 10X3

20

S.a:

X1

X2

X1, X2, X3 0
FORMA ESTANDAR

X3

V.S

V.S

Min Z = 5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3 + A1M + A2M

Sujeto a:
X1 + 5X2 - 3X3 S1 + A1 = 15
5X1 - 6X2 + 10X3 + S2 = 20
X1 + X2 + X3

+ A2 = 5

X1, X2, X3, S1, S2, A1, A2 0

=5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3 + M (15 X1 5X2 + 3X3 + S1) + M (5 - X1 - X2 - X3)

= 5X1 6X2 7X3 + 15M X1M - 5X2M +3X3M + S1M + 5M X1M X2M
X3M
X1 (5 M - M) + X2 (-6 -5M - M) + X3 (-7 + 3M - M) + S1M + 20 M
Z (-1) X1 (5 2M) - X2 (-6 -6M) - X3 (-7 + 2M) - S1M = 20 M
Z + X1 (-5+2M) + X2(6+6M) + X3 (7 -2M) S1M = 20 M

V. B
Z
A1
S2
A2

X1
(-5+2M)
1
5
1

X2 V.E
(6+6M)
5
-6
1

X3
(7-2M)
-3
10
1

S1
-M
-1
0
0

S2
0
0
1
0

A1
0
1
0
0

A2
0
0
0
1

SOLICION
20M
15 V.S
20
5

V. B

X1

X2

X3 V.E

S1

S2

A1

A2

SOLICION

(53/5+
8/5M)

6/5+1/5
M

(-6/5
6/5M)

-18 + 2M

X2
S2
A2

(31/5+4/5M
)
1/5
31/5
4/5

1
0
0

-3/5
32/5
8/5

-1/5
-6/5
1/5

0
1
0

1/5
6/5
-1/5

0
0
1

3
38
2 V.S

V. B

X1

X2

X3 V.E

S1

S2

A1

A2

SOLICION

-23/2

-1/8

(1/8

-53/8-M

-125/4

X2
S2
X3

1/2
3
1/2

1
0
0

0
0
1

-1/8
-2
1/8

0
1
0

M)
1/8
2
-1/8

3/8
-4
5/8

12
Min.

Z=

10X1

+ 14X2

+ 21X3

8X1

+ 11X2

+ 9X3

12

2X1

+ 2X2

+ 7X3

14

9X1

+ 6X2

+ 3X3

10

S.a:

X1, X2, X3 0

FORMA ESTANDAR

Min Z= 10X1 + 14X2 + 21 X3 + A1M + A2M + A3M

Sujeto a:
8X1 + 11X2 + 9X3 - S1 + A1 = 12

15/4
30
5/4

2X1 + 2X2 + 7X3 - S2 + A2 = 14

9X1 + 6 X2 + 3X3 - S3 + A3 = 10
X1, X2, X3, S1, S2, S3, A1, A2, A3 0

= 10X1 + 14X2 + 21X3 + M (12 8X1 11X2 9X3 + S1) + M (14 2X1 2X2
-7X3 + S2) + M (10 9X1 -6X2 3X3 +S3)
= 10X1 + 14X2 + 21X3 +12M 8X1M 11X2M 9X3M + S1M + 14M 2X1M
2X2M 7X3M + S2M + 10M 9X1M 6X2M 3X3M + S3M
=X1(10 -8M -2M- 9M) + X2(14 -11M 2M 6M) + X3(21 -9M -7M 3M) +
12M+ S1M + 14M + S2M + 10M + S3M
Z (-1) - X1 (10 -19M) X2 (14-19M) X3 (21 -19M) S1M S2M S3M= 36M
Z+ X1 (-10 +19M) + X2 (-14+19M) + X3 (-21 + 19M) S1M S2M S3M =
36M

V.B

X1V.E

X2

X3

S1

S2

S3

A1

A2

A3

(10+19
M)
8
2
9

14+19
M
11
2
6

-21 +
19M

-M

-M

-M

SOLUCI
ON
36 M

9
7
3

-1
0
0

0
-1
0

0
0
-1

1
0
0

0
1
0

0
0
1

12
14
10 V.S

A1
A2
A3
V.
B
Z

X1

X2

X3 V.E

S1

S2

S3

A1

A2

A3

-53/3 +
38/3M

-M

-M

10/919/9M

0
0
1

19/3
19/3
1/3

-1
0
0

0
-1
0

10/9+10/9
M
8/9
2/9
-1/9

A1
A2
X1

22/3+19/
3M
17/3
2/3
2/3

SOLUCI
ON
100/9+1
34/9 M

1
0
0

0
1
0

-8/9
-2/9
1/9

28/9 V.S
106/9
10/9

V.
B
Z

X
1
0

X2

X3

S1 V.E

S2

S3

A1

A2

A3

161/195M

-M

26/192/3M

53/19
-2M

-26/191/3M

X3
A2

0
0

17/19
-5

1
0

53/19+
M
-3/19
1

0
-1

8/57
-2/3

3/19
-1

0
1

-8/57
2/3

SOLUCI
ON
376/19
+ 26/3
M
28/57
26/3

X1

17/19

1/19

-3/19

-1/19

3/19

V.
B
Z

X
1
0

X2

X3

S1

S2

S3

A1

A2

A3

-104/19

26/192/3M

53/19
-2M

-26/191/3M

23/19+
M
-3/19

X3

2/19

2/57

1
0

-1
1/19

-2/3
-7/57

-1
0

3.1 -2/57
9
1
2/3
7/57
1/1
9

S1
X1

0
1

-5
22/19

0
0

Min z

5x1

8x2

sa:

4x1

10x2

40

10x1

7x2

50

7x1

7x2

44

x1, x2

Min z

SOLUCI
ON
2506/57
106/57
26/3
28/57

5x1
+8x2+0S1+0S2+0S3+S3+M1+M2+M3
4X1+10X2-S1+A1

40

10X1+5X2-S2+A2

50

7X1+7X2-S3+A3

44

x1, x2, S, S2, S3, A1, A2

Min Z
=
Z
=

VB

V.S
18/19

5x1+8x2+M(40-4x1-10x2+s1) + M(50-10x1-5x2+s2) + M(44-7x1-7x2+s3)

X1(-5+21M) + X2( -8+22M)+ MS1-MS2-MS3 = 134M

X1

V.E
X2

S1

S2

S3

A1

A2

A3

Soluci

n
Z
A1
A2
A3

5+21
M
4
10
7

8+22
M
10
5
7

VB

VE
X1

X2

S1

S2

S3

A1

475+9/2
M
-1/10
1/2
7/10

-M

-M

O
-1
0

0
0
-1

9/5+14/
3
2/5
8
21/5

X2
A2
A3

VB
Z

X1
0

X2
0

X2
X2
A3

0
1
0

1
0
0

1
0
0

S1
69/10011/25
3/25
1/16
11/25

-M

-M

-M

134M

-1
0
0

0
-1
0

0
0
-1

1
0
0

1
0
0

0
0
1

40
50
44

A2

A3

4/511/2M

Soluci
n
32+46M

1/10
-1/2
-7/10

0
1
0

0
0
1

4
30
16

VE
S2
-11/5013/25

S3
M

1/20
- 1/18
13/25

0
0
-1

VB
Z

X1
0

X2
0

S1
-/2

S2
0

X2

X1

17/100
17/100

S2

83/100

Solucin
Z= 38.60

A1
A2
69/100+36/25 11/50+153/100
3/23
- 1/16
- 11/25

- 1/20
1/8
- 2/5

A3
0

Solucin
155/4 1/4M

0
0
1

2.50
3.75
0.25

A1
1/2 +M

A2
M

A3
43/100

Solucin
38.60

S3
43/100
1/10

17/100

-1

2.48

-6/25

6/25

3.81

-19/10

17/100
83/100

-1

19/100

12/25

X1= 3.81
X2= 2.48

Min Z = 2X1+10X2+5X3
Sujeto a:
6X1+8X2+7X3<=45
2X1+2X2+7X3>=10
1X1+3X2+4X3>=10
1X1+1X2+1X3>=0

Cb
0
-M
-M
-M
-

Ci
Base
S1
A1
A2
A3
Zj-Cj
Gran M

Cb
0
-M
-M
-5
-

Ci
Base
S1
A1
A2
X3
Zj-Cj
Gran M

-2
X1
6
2
1
1
2
-4

-2
X1
-1
-5
-3
1
-3
8

-10
X2
8
2
3
1
10
-6

-10
X2
1
-5
-1
1
5
6

-5
X3
7
7
4
1
5
-12

-5
X3
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0

0
S1
1
0
0
0
0
0

0
S2
0
-1
0
0
0
1

0
S2
0
-1
0
0
0
1

0
S3
0
0
0
-1
0
1

0
S3
7
7
4
-1
5
-11

-M
A1
0
1
0
0
0
0

-M
A1
0
1
0
0
0
0

-M
A2
0
0
1
0
0
0

-M
A2
0
0
1
0
0
0

-M
A3
-7
-7
-4
1
-5
12

-M
A3
0
0
0
1
0
0

Bi
45
10
10
0
0
-20

Bi
45
10
10
0
0
-20

Theta
6.43
1.43
2.5
0

Theta
6.43
1.43
2.5
NaN

C
b
0
0

Ci
Base

-2
X1

-10
X2

-5
X
3
0
0

0
S
1
1
0

S1
S3

-M

A2

6
0.71
1.86

-5

X3

4
0.71
0.14
0.29

Zj-Cj

Gran
M

Ci

Cb

Base

X1

0.29

0.57

8.57

0.14

1.86

-2

-5
10
X2 X
3
0
0

S1

4.46

0.31

X3

0.77
0.08
0.31

0.85
0.08

S3

Zj-Cj

1.23

1.92

Gran
M

0.23
1.92
0

0.08
0.31
0.23

10
-5

X2

C
b
0

Ci
Base

-2
X1

-10
X2

S1

4.25

2.75

-5
X
3
0

0
S
1
1

0
S
2
0

0
S
3
0

S3

S2

0.25
3.25

0.75
0.25

S
1
1

0
S2
1
0.14
0.57

0
S
3
0
1

-M
A1

0.57
0.14

4.29

2.31

1.43

0.71
1.57

7.14
4.29

0.14
0.71

0.57

0
S2

-1
0.14

-M

S
3
0
1

-M -M
A A
Bi
2
3
0
0
35
0
-1 1.43

-M

A1

A2

0.85

3.23
0.38

Theta
5.83
NaN

-M
A
3
0

Bi

Theta

21.15

NaN

-1

3.08

40

0.54

2.31

7.5

0.15
4.62
1

0.77

NaN

26.92
0

-M
A
Bi
3
0
27.5

-M -M
A
A2
1
0
1.75
0
0.25

-1

2.5

40

-1

7.5

7.5

1.75

Thet
a
NaN

-5
-

X3
Zj-Cj

0.25
0.75

0.75
6.25

1
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

Gran
M

Z = -12.5
X1=0
X2=0
X3=2.5

Dos fases
Min Z = 6X1 + 4X2 + 2X3
Sujeto a:
6X1 + 2X2 + 6X3 6
6X1 + 4X2

= 12

2X1 - 2X2

X1, X2, X3 0

FASE 1

0.25
1.25
1

0
0
1

2.5
12.5
0

NaN

Min R = A1 + A2
Sujeto a:
6X1 + 2X2 + 6X3 S1 + A1 = 6
6X1 + 4X2

+ A2 = 12

2X1 2X2

+S2 =2

X1, X2, X3, S1, S2, A1, A2 0

R = 6 6X1 - 2X2 6X3 + S1 + 12 6X1 4X2

R = 18 12X1 6X2- 6X3 + S1
R + 12X1 + 6X2 + 6X3 S1 = 18

V.B
R
A1
A2
S2

X1V.E
12
6
6
2

X2
6
2
4
-2

X3
6
6
0
0

S1
-1
-1
0
0

S2
0
0
0
1

A1
0
1
0
0

A2
0
0
1
0

SOLICION
18
6 V.S
12
2

V.B

X1

X3

S1

S2

A1

A2

SOLICION

0
1
0
0

X2
V.E
2
1/3
2
-8/3

R
X1
A2
S2

-6
1
-6
-2

1
-1/6
1
1/3

0
0
0
1

-2
1/6
-1
-1/3

0
0
1
0

6
1
6
0

V.B
R
X1

X1
0
1

X2
0
0

X3
0
2

S1
0
-1/3

S2
0
0

A1
-1
1/3

A2
-1
-1/6

SOLICION
0
0

X2
S2

0
0

1
0

-3
-10

1/2
5/3

0
1

-1/2
-5/3

1/2
4/3

FASE II
Min Z = 6X1 + 4X2 + 2X3
X1= -2X3 + 1/3S1
X2= 3X3 1/2S1 + 3
6 (-2X3 + 1/3S1) + 4 (3X3 1/2S1 +3)=
-12X3 + 2S1 + 12X3 2S1 + 12
0 = 12
V.B

X1

X2

X3

S1

S2

Z
X1
X2
S2

0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0

0
2
-3
-10

0
-1/3
1/2
5/3

0
0
0
1

SOLICIO
N
12
0
3
8

Min. Z = 5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3

S.a:
X1+ 5X2- 3X3 15
5X1- 6X2+10X3 20
X1 + X2 + X3 = 5
X1, X2, X3 0
Forma Estndar
Min R = A1 + A2
X1 +5X2 -3X3 S1 +A1
= 15
5X1 -6X2 +10X3
+S2 = 20
X1 +X2 +X3
+A2 =5
X1X2X3S1S2A1A2 0

3
8

R +2X1 +6X2 -2X3 S1 = 20

VE
V.BASICAS
R
A1
S2
A2

X1
2
1
5
1

X2
6
5
-6
1

X3
-2
-3
10
1

S1
-1
-1
0
0

S2
0
0
1
0

A1
0
1
0
0

A2
0
0
0
1

SOL
20
15
20
5

S2
0
0
1
0

A1
-6/5
1/5
6/5
-1/5

A2
0
0
0
1

SOL
2
3
38
2

S2
0
0
1
0

A1
-1
1/8
2
-1/8

A2
-1
3/8
-4
5/8

SOL
0
15/4
30
5/4

V.BASICAS
R
X2
S2
A2

X1
4/5
1/5
31/5
4/5

X2
0
1
0
0

X3
8/5
-3/5
32/5
8/5

VE
S1
1/5
-1/5
-6/5
1/5

V.BASICAS
R
X2
S2
X3

X1
0
1/2
3
1/2

X2
0
1
0
0

X3
0
0
0
1

S1
0
-1/8
-2
1/8

FASE 2
MIN Z = 5X1 - 6X2 - 7X3
X2= (-1/2X1 +1/8S1 +15/4)
X3= (-1/2X1 -1/8S1 +5/4)
Z=5X1 -6(-1/2X1 +1/8S1 +15/4) -7(-1/2X1 -1/8S1 +5/4)
Z= 5X1 +3X1 -3/4S1 -45/2 +7/2X1 +7/8S1 -35/4
Z -23/2X1 -1/8S1 = -125/4
V.BASICAS
Z
X2
S2
X3

X1
-23/2
1/2
3
1/2

X2
0
1
0
0

X3
0
0
0
1

S1
-1/8
-1/8
-2
1/8

S2
0
0
1
0

SOL
-125/4
15/4
30
5/4

SOLUCION
Z
X1 = 0
X2 = 15/4
X3 =

5/4

6
Max.

Z=

3X1

+ 2X2

+ 5X3

2X1

+ 2X2

+ 2X3

14

2X1

- 5X2

10

S.a:

X3

X1, X2, X3 0

VB
R
A1
A2

X1
4
2
2

X2
7
2
5

X3
3
2
1

S1
-1
0
-1

A1
0
1
0

A2
0
0
1

SOL.
24
14
10

VB
R
A1
X2

X1
1.2
1.2
0.4

X2
0
0
1

X3
1.6
1.6
0.2

S1
0.4
0.4
-0.5

A1
0
1
0

A2
-1.4
-0.4
0.2

SOL.
10
10
2

VB
R

X1
0

X2
0

X3
0

S1
0

A1
-1

A2
-1

SOL.
0

X3
X2

0.75
0.25

0
1

1
0

X2
0
0
1

X3
0
1
0

0.25
-0.25

0.625
-0.125

II FASE
VB
Z
X3
X2

X1
4.25
0.75
0.25

SOLUCIN
Z
X1

X2

3/4

X3

25/4

S1
0.75
0.25
-0.25

SOL.
32.75
6.25
0.75

-0.25
0.15

6.25
0.75

13
Min.

Z=

2X1

- 3X2

+ 6X3

3X1

- 4X2

- 6X3

2X1

X2

+ 2X3

11

+ 3X2

- 2X3

S.a:

X1

X1, X2, X3 0
FASE 1
Min R = A1 + A2
S. a:
3X1 - 4X2
2X1

+ X2

X1 + 3X2

- 6X3 + S1 = 2
+ 2X3 - S2 + A1 = 11
- 2X3

+ A2 = 5

X1, X2, X3, S1, S2, A1, A2 0

R = (11 - 2X1 X2 2X3 + S2) + (5 X1 3X2 + 2X3)

R= 16 3X1 4X2 + S2
R + 3X1 + 4X2 S2 = 16

V.B
R
S1
A1
A2

X1
3
3
2
1

X2 V.E
4
-4
1
3

X3
0
-6
2
-2

S1
0
1
0
0

S2
-1
0
-1
0

A1
0
0
1
0

A2
0
0
0
1

SOLUCION
16
2
11
5 V.S

V.B
R
S1
A1
X2

X1
5/3
13/3
5/3
1/3

X2
0
0
0
1

V.B
R
S1
X3
X2

X1
0
39/4
5/8
3/4

X2
0
0
0
1

X3 V.E
8/3
-26/3
8/3
-2/3
X3
0
0
1
0

S1
0
1
0
0

S2
-1
0
-1
0

A1
0
0
1
0

A2
-4/3
4/3
-1/3
1/3

SOLUCION
28/3
26/3
28/3
5/3

S1
0
1
0
0

S2
0
-13/4
-3/8
-1/4

A1
-1
13/4
3/8
1/4

A2
-1
-13/12
-1/8
-1/12

SOLUCION
0
39
7/2
4

FASE II
Min

Z = 2X1

- 3X2 + 6X3

X2= -3/4X1 + 1/4S2 + 4

X3= 5/8X1 + 3/8S2 + 7/2

=2X1 3(-3/4X1 + 1/4S2 + 4) + 6 (5/8X1 + 3/8S2 + 7/2)

=2X1 + 9/4X1 3/4S2 - 12 + 15/4X1 + 9/4S2 + 21
= 8X1 +3/2S2 + 9
Z 8X1 3/2S2 =9

V.B

X1

X2

X3

S1

S2

R
S1
X3
X2

-8
39/4
5/8
3/4

0
0
0
1

0
0
1
0

0
1
0
0

-3/2
-13/4
-3/8
-1/4

SOLUCIO
N
9
39
7/2
4

14.
MAXIMIZAR: 3 X1 -2 X2 + 1 X3
6 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X3 16
1 X1 + 3 X2 + 2 X3 12
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 3 X3 = 15
1 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 0
X1, X2, X3 0
MAXIMIZAR: 3 X1 -2 X2 + 1 X3 + 0 X4 + 0 X5 + 0 X6 + 0 X7 + 0 X8 + 0 X9
6 X1 + 2 X2 + 1 X3 -1 X4 + 1 X8 = 16
1 X1 + 3 X2 + 2 X3 + 1 X5 = 12
2 X1 + 1 X2 + 3 X3 + 1 X7 = 15
1 X1 + 1 X2 + 1 X3 -1 X6 + 1 X9 = 0
X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9 0

Base
P8
P5
P7
P9
Z

Cb
-1
0
-1
-1

P0
16
12
15
0
-31

0
P1
6
1
2
1
-9

Base
P8
P5
P7
P1
Z

Cb
-1
0
-1
0

P0
16
12
15
0
-31

0
P1
0
0
0
1
0

Base
P6
P5
P7
P1
Z

Cb
0
0
-1
0

P0
8/3
28 / 3
29 / 3
8/3
-29 / 3

0
P1
0
0
0
1
0

0
P2
2
3
1
1
-4

0
P3
1
2
3
1
-5

0
P4
-1
0
0
0
1

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

0
P2
-4
2
-1
1
5

0
P3
-5
1
1
1
4

0
P4
-1
0
0
0
1

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

0
P2
-2 / 3
8/3
1/3
1/3
-1 / 3

0
P3
-5 / 6
11 / 6
8/3
1/6
-8 / 3

0
P4
-1 / 6
1/6
1/3
-1 / 6
-1 / 3

0
P6
0
0
0
-1
1
0
P6
6
1
2
-1
-8

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

0
P6
1
0
0
0
0

-1
P7
0
0
1
0
0
-1
P7
0
0
1
0
0
-1
P7
0
0
1
0
0

-1
P8
1
0
0
0
0
-1
P8
1
0
0
0
0
-1
P8
1/6
-1 / 6
-1 / 3
1/6
4/3

-1
P9
0
0
0
1
0
-1
P9
-6
-1
-2
1
9
-1
P9
-1
0
0
0
1

Base
P6
P5
P3
P1
Z

Cb
0
0
0
0

P0
91 / 16
43 / 16
29 / 8
33 / 16
0

0
P1
0
0
0
1
0

0
P2
-9 / 16
39 / 16
1/8
5 / 16
0

0
P3
0
0
1
0
0

0
P4
-1 / 16
-1 / 16
1/8
-3 / 16
0

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

0
P6
1
0
0
0
0

-1
P7
5 / 16
-11 / 16
3/8
-1 / 16
1

-1
P8
1 / 16
1 / 16
-1 / 8
3 / 16
1

-1
P9
-1
0
0
0
1

FASE 2
Base
P6
P5
P3
P1
Z

Base
P6
P5
P4
P1
Z

Cb
0
0
1
3

Cb
0
0
0
3

P0
91 / 16
43 / 16
29 / 8
33 / 16
157 / 16

3
P1
0
0
0
1
0

-2
P2
-9 / 16
39 / 16
1/8
5 / 16
49 / 16

1
P3
0
0
1
0
0

0
P4
-1 / 16
-1 / 16
1/8
-3 / 16
-7 / 16

P0
15 / 2
9/2
29
15 / 2
45 / 2

3
P1
0
0
0
1
0

-2
P2
-1 / 2
5/2
1
1/2
7/2

1
P3
1/2
1/2
8
3/2
7/2

0
P4
0
0
1
0
0

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

0
P5
0
1
0
0
0

La solucin ptima es Z = 45 / 2
X1 = 15 / 2
X2 = 0
X3 = 0

CONCLUSION
El trabajo realizado nos ayud a entender mejor el mtodo de la gran M y el de
dos fases, los ejercicios realizados fueron tomados de las copias
proporcionadas por la Ing. Y dos ms de libros de investigacin de

0
P6
1
0
0
0
0

0
P6
1
0
0
0
0

operaciones I, con esto nos damos por bien servidos ya que la mejor forma de
aprender es la prctica y el fin de este trabajo es entender mejor los dos temas.