Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

I. Introduction

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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About
Title
Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Instructor

zhoujianjun@sjtu.edu.cn

Teaching Assistant

lizhe@ic.sjtu.edu.cn

Lectures and Labs, every Monday (14:00-15:45pm)

and Thursday (14:00-15:45pm) @ 105
12 class lectures (24 hours)
No Class on Oct. 1, Monday, National Holiday ()

2 class presentations (4 hours)

2 lab sessions (4 hours)

Office Hours
Mon 12:00-14:00pm (TA office: 406/Prof office 413)

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Survival Kit
References
B. Razavi, RF Microelectronics, Prentice-Hall, 1997.
T. H. Lee, The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated
Circuits, 2nd edition, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Gu, Qizheng, RF System Design of Transceivers for Wireless
CommunicationsSpringer, 2006.
IEEE ISSCC/CICC/RFIC/VLSI Symposium Proceedings
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits (JSSC)/TCAS I&II

Prerequisites

Analog IC Design
Communication Theory
Semiconductor Physics and Devices
Signal and System

Tool: Cadence SpectreRF

Website
SOME
Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design
Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Grading Policy
Home Assignments (40%)
Class assignments
Design and hand analysis oriented

Attendance (class and lab) also counts

No late work accepted

Lab (10%)
project assignments
SpectreRF simulation oriented

Final Project (40%)

Circuit design/report

Project Presentation (10%)

Only the ones giving presentations get this 10%;

No Written Final Exam!

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design
Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Course Outline
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.

Introduction
RFIC System Overview
Low Noise Amplifiers
Mixers
Voltage-Controlled-Oscillator
Phase-Locked-Loop
Power Amplifiers

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Course Schedule
Classes
/Sessions

content

I. Introduction

2-3

II. RFIC System Overview

Homework 1

4-5

III Low Noise Amplifiers

Homework 2

Lab 1

Spectre
Introduction and
LNA Design

7-8

IV Mixers

Homework 3

9-10

V Voltage-Controlled-Oscillators

Homework 4

11

Lab 2

Mixer and VCO

Design

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

Assignment

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comment

Final Project
Assignment

Course Schedulecont.
Classes
/Sessions

content

12-13

VI Phase-Locked-Loop

14

VII Power Amplifiers

15-16

Final Project Presentation

Assignment

Final Project Due

No Final Exam

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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CMOS CDMA Transmitter ICQualcomm Inc.

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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/GPSCARFIC, SJTU
SoC

GPS L1
Galileo E1BD B1

SOC

IP

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Contents
A Nonlinear History of Radio
Introduction
Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC)
Conclusion

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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A Nonlinear History of Radio

Some fascinating stories are rarely told because they
tend to fail into the cracks between history and
engineering curricula.

Columbias Philosophy Hall. Armstrong

Developed FM radio in its basement lab
Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design
Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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History of Radio
James Clerk Maxwell
(1831- 1879)

Scottish physicist, widely

considered by 20th and
21st century physicists to
have been one of the most significant
figures of the 19th century.
His work fundamentally changed
conceptions of electromagnetism
and introduced the basis of field theory.
He is also known for his work on
thermodynamics and the kinetic theory of gases.

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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History of Radio
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz
(1857 - 1894)

He was the first to verify experimentally Maxwells prediction that

electromagnetic waves exist and propagate with a finite velocity.
His transmitters worked on this simple idea : discharge a coil
across a spark gap and hook up some kind of an antenna to
launch a wave (unintentionally) rich in harmonics.

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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History of Radio
Guglielmo Marconi
(1874 - 1937)

Guglielmo Marconi was born at

Bologna, Italy. For his radio
experiments Marconi simply copied
Hertzs transimitter and tinkered like
crazy with the sole intent to use the
system for wireless communication.
In 1900 he took out his famous patent
for "tuned or synchronic telegraphy" and, on an historic day in
December 1901, determined to prove that wireless waves were
not affected by the curvature of the Earth, he used his system
for transmitting the first wireless signals across the Atlantic
between Poldhu, Cornwall, and St. John's, Newfoundland, a
distance of 2100 miles.
Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design
Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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History of Radio
Edwin Howard Armstrong
(1890 1954)

De Forest did not however understand how his invention worked, and
others had to explain it to him. The American inventor Edwin H. Armstrong
was the first to explain the correct operation of this device, and also to
improve it to the point where it could actually provide useful amplification.
After having invented both the regenerative and superheterodyne
receivers, he wasnt content to rest. Armstrong in 1922,invented a
quasiperiocally time-varying,nonlinear system.

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Contents
A Nonlinear History of Radio

Introduction
Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC)
Conclusion

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Industry
Companies: Qualcomm, Intel, Broadcom, TI, ST,
Freescale, Marvell, MTK, Hisilicon, , RDA

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Academic
Ranking in Analog/RF IC academic programs:
0.UC Berkeley
1.Stanford
2.UCLA/KU Leuven (IMEC)
3.UCSD
4.MIT/Oregon State/TAMU/Caltech
5.UCDavis/Ohio State/UFL/UW

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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The Partition

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Will Analog/RF ICs Vanish?

The advantages of digital IC

Robustness
Programmability
Flexibility

Analog ICs are in strong demand, at least for now

The physical world is in analog
We need: ADC/DAC, analog pre-processing and post-processing,
such as amplification, filtering and equalization

RF ICs are everywhere for all wireless communication systems

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Analog/RF is everywhere

RF
Processing

Transceiver

Transceiver

Voice
Data
Imaging

Processing

Wireless-Channels

Voice
Data
Imaging

wireless information transfer system block diagram

Typical applications: Cellular phones
WLAN
RFID

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Where RF?

Higher data rate transmissions

higher operation frequencies (RF circuits)
Higher clock-rate of CPU (>4GHz)
RF circuits
Wireless ID
RF circuits
Missiles
RF circuits

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Wireless Communication Bands

Designation

Frequency Wavelength

P-band
0.23-1 GHz
130-30cm
L-band
1-2
GHz
30-15 cm
S-band
2-4
GHz
15-7.5cm
C-band
4-8
GHz
7.5-3.75cm
X-band
8-12.5 GHz
3.75-2.4cm
Ku-band
12.5-18 GHz
2.4-1.67cm
K-band
18-26.5 GHz 1.67-1.13 cm
Ka-band
26.5-40 GHz 1.13-0.75 cm
Millimeter wave
40-300 GHz
7.5-1 mm
1-0.1 mm
Submillimeter wave 300-3000 GHz

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Wireless Communication Standards

Wireless LAN
(IEEE 802.11b/g)
2.4 GHz

30 MHz

300 MHz

3 GHz

Bluetooth
2.45 GHz

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

Wireless LAN
(IEEE 802.11a,
HIPERLAN II)
5 GHz

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30 GHz

Local Multipoint Distribution

Services (LMDS)
27.5-31.3 GHz

Mobile Communication Bands

5100-5900
2450
2200
1800

3rd ISM,WLAN, Hiperlan, IEEE802.11a

2nd ISM, Bluetooth, IEEE802.11b/g
3rd Generation Mobile Communications:
UMTS, IMT-2000, W-CDMA..

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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60GHz Bands

7 GHz of unlicensed bandwidth in the U.S. and Japan

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Contents
A Nonlinear History of Radio
Introduction

Wireless System-on-Chip (SoC)

Conclusion

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Take GSM as an Example

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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GSM 1995

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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GSM 2006

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Single Chip GSM SoC

DRP
(Digital Radio
Processor):
1. Transceiver
2. Frequency
Synthesizer
3. ADC/DAC
4. DSP

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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90nm GSM

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Single-Chip GSM

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Why Single Chip Radio?

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Conclusion
There is a strong need for excellent
Analog/RF designers.
To prepare a career in the field of
Analog/RF integrated circuit, this course
is the first step.

Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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Introduction to CMOS RF Integrated Circuits Design

Fall 2012, Prof. JianJun Zhou

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