Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Nr:
2693
Verslag behorende
bij het fabrieksvoorontwerp
van
A.H. Amer
R.F. de Ruiter
onderwerp:
adres:
A.M. de yonglaan 27
2283 XG Rijswijk
3221 VA Hellevoetsluis
opdrachtdatum:
20-10-1986
verslagdatum:
12-07-1988
Contents
page
Abstract
General introduction
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
3
4
5
6
6
6
7
2.1
2.1. 1
2.1. 2
2.1. 3
2.1. 4
2.1. 5
2.1. 6
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
Butene absorber
Liquification
Absorption kinetics
Material balance
Heat balance and cooling
Design
Gas-liquid separator
Hydrolysis tank
Material balance and design
Heat balance
SBA stripper
Caustic scrubber
Sulfuric acid reconcentration unit
Reconcentration processes
Drum design
SBA purification unit
Liquid-liquid separator
Azeotropic distillation unit
9
9
9
10
10
27
3.1
3.1.1
3.1. 2
3.1. 3
3.1. 4
3.1. 5
3.1. 6
3.2
27
27
28
3.3
Dehydrogenation reactor
Convers ion of SBA
Reaction thermodynamics
Catalyst choice
Kinetics of a Cu/Ni-catalyst
Pressure influences
Design
Hydrogen recovery
MEK purification unit
39
Apparatus specifications
52
67
References
73
12
13
14
14
15
16
20
21
21
22
23
23
24
29
30
33
34
35
35
....
__ ._--
_._- -- -- - --
- - - -- - - --
Abstract
In
this
preliminary
design
the
production
of
methyl ethyl
ketone (MEK) from normal butene, with secondary butyl alcohol (SBA)
as intermediate, is described. This design is split into two parts.
In the first part SBA is obtained from n-butene by absorption in
sulfuric acid, followed by hydrolysis with water. Sulfurie acid and
SBA
are
separated
in
stripper.
The
sulfurie
acid
is
isothermi c
reactor,
fi lIed
wi th a Cu/Ni on S iO Zo
catalyst.
hydrogen
capacity
of
evaluation
the
shows
that
this
plant
The
extractive
separated
for
unit,
where
SBA
and
water are
predicting
used
distillation
as
an
haviour
of
this
thermodynamic
unit,
it
is
necessary
to
have
reliable
can
be
the
equipment
obtained
equipment
costs
costs
investment,
the
compressor
form
this
because
the
base
percentage
Dal rate of return of 58.2% give a good indication for the expected
perspectives.
costs
and
MEK
This
is
selling
between SBA and MEK can not justify the design of an SBA convers ion
plant only.
General introduction
1.1
Methyl
advantageous
because
it
solid
as
dewaxing
solvent
for
solutions.
azeotropic
used
in
Use
Percentage
Vinyl coatings
34
Nitrocellulose coatings
14
Adhesives
14
Acrylic coatings
12
7
7
Miscellaneous coatings
Lube-oil dewaxing
Miscellaneous and export
12
per
nually
by
year
6
in 1976 and the demand is expected to increase an%. The situation is similar in Western Europe and in
industrial
such
high
biostability
tion
of
the
In the
Manufacture
in
aqueous
[3 J :
+
It
----)
first
butanol
step
(SBA).
is
the
convers ion
of
the
butanol
vapor
phase
containing
phosphoric
Fe,
temperature
at
-----)
CH 3 -H-C&H s
OS03 H
The
+ 3 H&O
CH 3 -H-C&H s + 2 H&O
OS03 H
-----)
acid
at
50-60 o C,
acid
at
15C
wt-%
acid
at
liquid
butenes
can
be
absorbed
at
second
butanol
done
to
in
phase
is
the
catalysts
step
liquid
phase
at
temperature
of l50-250oC with
pressures.
other
in literature (1]:
-Oxidation
by
acid
dichromate,
alkaline
permanganate, hydrogen
-Isomerization of isobutyraldehyde:
1.3
Most
from
Choice of process
of
n-butenes
in
butenes
to
of
alcohol
the
energy
timated,
two
stages:
technology
hydration
plant
is
combined
flue
gases.
preferabie
easier,
to
the
In
the
MEK
the
second
oxidation,
yield
is
stage
as
the
higher
the
dehydrogenation is
temperature regulation is
and
hydrogen
is
formed
as
byproduct.
1.4
Plant capacity
per
actual
MEK
purity
of
year).
The
actual
production
99.13
(7~
wt-%
98.35%.
1.5
The
the
toxic
intermediate
SBA
this
is
150
(flashpoint -lOC) and should be used with caution. The lower explosion limit is 1.8 vol-% in air and the upper explosion limit is 9.5
vol-%
in
air.
9.7 vol-% in air and for SBA 1.7 and 9.8 vol-% in air. The electrical conductivity of MEK has a value of 2*10 7 pS/m, which means that
there is no danger for static charge build-up. Care should be taken
when
MEK
is
stored
for
Feedstock
Butylene
methylpropene
butene.
These
The
four
is
or
the
name
of
mixture
of
four
isomers:
2-
last
isomers
three
and
7,
j
they
are
of ten
obtained
as
mixture
from
cracked petroleum
fractions.
For
the
mediate
for
necessary
In
product ion
of
methyl
electrophilic
times
faster
would
lead
reactions
than
the
to
difference
in
reactivity
isobutylene
from
extraction
can
can
also
be
used
to
separate
the
in
absorption
scheme
the
does
not
unreacted
would
feedstock
lead
to
butenes
are
accumulation
recycled,
and
to
assumed
to
have
Process description
Gaseous
ture
of
butenes
25C
liquified
charged
to
to
form
butyl
conversion
of
butenes
is
residual
separator
hydrolyzer,
butenes
and
are
where
are
removed
recycled.
water
is
from
the
product in a phase
formed.
The hydrolyzate is fed to a column where the alcohol is stripped
from
the
diluted
acid
r.;
captured
vapor
in
demister
and
crude
alcohol
is,
ternary
withdrawn
in the bottom.
tubes are packed with a Cu/Ni on SiO z catalyst and are direct-fired
to
maintain
contains
water
MEK,
(the
column).
water
This
separator
comes
effluent
where
the
with
is
hydrogen
and
charged
to
a phase
percent.
methyl
In
trace
The
ethyl
ketone
is
purified
in
two
fractionation
water
bottom
top product of the second column contains MEK with a purity of 99.3
percent and the bottom product contains the remaining alcohol which
is recycled to the reactor.
2.1
Butene absorber
2.1. 1
Liquification
trans-
(89~
9~
where
A,
Band
vapor
gaseous
temperature
liquified
of
25C
co~
compressed
71C,
in a
is
duty
is
with
2.1. 2
The
A-2.
relative
rate
where
gaseous
l-exp(-K*t)
K
(2)
and
liquified
25C,
3
xlO- min-
the
1
for
absorption
the
constant
has
the
value:
K=33.48
The
relation
between
the
convers ion
(min)
10
Conv. %
20
28.45
48.81
2.1.3
For
which
30
40
63.37
50
73.79
81.25
60
120
180
86.59
98.20
99.76
Material balance
conversion
of
3,742.6
kg/hr
602.09
kg/m 3
6.216
m3 /hr
8,032.54
kg/hr
1727.2
kg/m 3
4.651
m3 /hr
2.1.4
During
above
any
polymerisation
in
the
system
was
butylsulfate
sorber
the
not
and
and the assumption was made that they had the same value as
molar
acid
of
is
mixing
40C.
by
jacket
idea
for
cooling
not
the
water,
cooling
calculations
area
were
made
column,
made
of 2
mme
Foulingfactors:
inside
the
pipes:
hf(in)
conductivity
coffint
for
stainless
steel:
ss
= 17
W/m.oC.
The overall heat transfer cofficint U becomes:
+ ---~-- +
ss
U
If
ing
= 1538
(3)
W/m z . oe
outgoing
temperatures
streams,
the
of
product
streams
respectivily
and
from:
(4)
(T(in)-t(in-(T(out)-t(out
-----~-!I!~I=!I!~I==---------
T(out)-t(out)
for cocurrent cooling.
11
(5)
U. .1T
In
table
cooling
(6)
ln
(2-2)
water
.1T
,
cooling area A and required amount of
ln
mentioned as function of the outgoing cooling
are
water temperature.
table (2-2): .1T
water flow
countercurrent
t(out)
t(c.w.)
( Oe)
(m 3 /hr)
As
to
cocurrent
21
1861
9.94
142
10.49
134
22
931
8.96
157
10.15
139
23
620
7.82
180
9.81
144
24
465
6.34
222
9.46
149
25
372
9.10
156
26
310
8.74
161
27
266
8.37
168
28
233
8.00
176
29
207
7.61
185
30
186
7.21
195
countercurrent
cooling
water
cooling.
flow
t(c.w.)
With
increasing
area increases.
2.1. 5
With
area
Design
specific
costs
one
12
- - - - - - - --
that
and
the
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - -
6T
minimum
be
allowable
above
attain
tube
0.7
this
mis
to
prevent
surface
tubes,
of
233/3600/0.7
= 0.0925
mZ Assuming a total of n
exchange area A and the radial tube area A' as function of the tube
radius r:
*n *r *h
= 176
=2
n
A'
0.0925
= -----=n *
n
The
(7)
(8)
the
With
residence
3
21.734 m
provides
to
13.7
of
tubes
= 142
= 0.0144
volume V
becomes:
tt
Substracting
this
value
remaining
absorber
residence
time
for
from
volume
the
of
the
total
22.566
butene-acid
m3
column
volume gives a
mixture
40C
the
Af ter
the
Gas-liquid separator
absorption
unreacted
them
gases.
to
be
purged
to
prevent
absorber.
In
general
1iquid.
The
gravity
is
used
for
the
v in the separator
= 0.035
Uv
where
Pv
liquid
0.53
of
and
(kg/m 3
mis.
).
( (Pl-p v )/ Pv )
PI
are
(9)
butene,
what
results
in
minimum
between
the
must
be
top
is
of
20%
diameter
of
calculated
gas
bubbles
of
the
minimum
vessel
Together
with the required gas volume, the total vessel volume becomes 0.164
m3 and the vessel length 0.60 m.
2.2
Hydrolysis tank
2.2.1
Af ter
contains
the
absorption
partially
deprotonated
excess
water
is
added
di1uted from 36.8% by moles (80 wt-%) down to 6.8% by moles (30 wt-
feed
kmoles/hr
flowrate
SBA
of
and
46.8
14
(10 )
Because
we
hydrolysis
tank
agitator with a shaft and inevitable seals, but in which the liquid
is
mixed
by
[13]
stated
with
where:
= tank diameter
= nozzle diameter
= velocity of the
= mixing time
D
d
v
t
(m)
(m)
water in the nozzle (mis)
(s)
1370
kg/m 3
-Flowrate of productstream
8.542
m3 /hr
14.483
m3 /hr
0.0508
0.5
15.16
22.73
0.145
m3
0.740
2.2.2
Wh en
dilution
Heat balance
sulfurie
acid
is
heat is involved.
diluted
with
15
feed
one
product
mole
of
stream
HZ S04
leaving
mixture
with
HZ S04
kcal/mole
is
-211,19
acid-water
ratio
of
one
to two is -204.55
kcal/mole
HZ S04
[19J.
By
diluting
hydrolysis
~
an
for
The
=
=
1.847*10
kJ/hr
513.11 kW
to
hydrolysis
tank
deprotonated
danger
is
51.4C .
butylalcohol
for
Af ter
is
polymerisation
converted
of
the
azeotrope
are separated.
2.3
SBA stripper
sulfuric acid.
from
each
other.
It
was
its
high
dissociated
libria
of
SBA
water.
With
grafical
method
of
McCabe-Thiele
16
is
(1) 2-BUTANOL
C4H 190
(2) WATER
H20
(1)
(2)
7.47429 1314.188
8.07131 1730.630
PRESSURE-
760.00 MM HG
CONSTANTS:
MARGULES
VAN LAAR
WILSON
NRTL
UNIQUAC
A12
3.9182
3.7964
11814.8851
639.8173
350.171l7
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
T DEG C
Xl
Yl
87.80
87.69
87.911
87.1111
87.IlII
87.19
87.29
87.4Il
87.59
87.611
87.70
88.10
88.10
911.20
92.70
93.80
95.80
0.11110
1l.1l2411
11.31111
0.3320
11.3619
11. 4781l
11.51411
11.5629,
11.58411
0.61140
11.6520
0.6840
0.71100
0.860"
0.91411
0.93110
11. 961111
11.36211
11.38211
1l.39611
11.3960
11.39611
11.4999
9. 4 lil 11
11.42211
11.42611
11.4360
0.45011
11.4640
0.48411
0.6219
0.7160
0.7580
0.8400
186.500
233.426
1.al3 BAR
A21
ALPHA12
1. 2808
1.4144
1643.6524
2491. U63
309.5428
0.4385
MARGULES
DIFF T DIFF Y1
WILSON
DIFF T DIFF Y1
VAN LAAR
DIFF T DIFF Y1
NRTL
DIFF T DIFF Yl
UNIOUAC
DIFF T DIFF Yl
-7.32
-3.78
2.114
1. 95
1. 86
1.97
2. lil
2.27
2.32
2.34
2.08
2.10
1. 85
-1. 02
-1.36
-1. 21
-1.10
1l.1996
11.9946
-11.11450
-11.11369
-0.9265
11.9961
11.9199
11.9296
9.9397
11.9367
0.0352
0.0337
0.11442
-11.0045
-11.9249
-0.0239
-0.0277
-3.33
1.12
1. 56
1. 53
1.51
1. 58
1. 69
1. 61
1. 58
1. 53
1.15
1.12
0.87
-1. 30
-1. 25
-1. 91
-0.84
11.11763
-1l.II257
0.0063
11.11112
0. U61
II.92U
9.9241
11.9237
11.112112
11.0224
Il.0134
Il.0983
0.1ll76
-0.1ll89
-0.9258
-0.9210
-0.9203
11.38
9.22
0.21
0.23
11.26
11.35
9.411
11.47
0.49
0.511
0.31
9.44
11.28
-0.80
-0.56
-0.33
-11.29
-".U22
9.0979
-0.0054
-0. ""82
-11.9123
-9.11289
-11.11269
-".9274
-9.9299
-11.11263
-0.93112
-11.11303
-11.9183
-0.0154
-0.11194
-0.11937
-11.111137
-2.22
1. 79
11.56
9.57
11.58
9.62
9.64
9.66
11.66
0.64
0.39
9.49
11.31
-0.82
-11.51
-0.26
-0.211
11.9474
-0.9394
11.11115
11.0102
9.91172
-9.9115
-9.11115
-11. U511
-0.U911
-Il. U68
-0.0237
-0.0258
-11.0147
-0.0158
-11.0091
-11.0018
-11.99118
-3.53
1. 96
1. 64
1. 61
1. 59
1. 66
1. 79
1.72
1. 70
1.66
1.30
1.28
1.114
-1.14
-1.14
-Il.92
-Cl.79
MEAN DEVIATION:
2.27
0.9417
1. 44
11.11219
0.38
II.1ll74
0.70
0.0165
1. 50
0.9193
MAX. DEVIATION:
7.32
0.1906
3.33
9.1l764
C.81l
II.1l303
2.22
0.0474
3.53
0.9819
1.00
0.80
0.'0
lL
YI
lL ~ K<
D.40 .c~
0.10
0.00
O~
O~
lL
'f
"
V
NRTl
Y Y I
O~
O~
XI
figure (2-1)
lL
/ I
51.95
5.12
O~
I~
17
9.9819
-9.9243
II.0U1
1l.9957
9.9193
9.U59
1l.9195
II.92U
0.U7l
0.1l198
9.11121
9.91189
1l.1ll76
-0.9157
-0.0230
-1l.9186
-1l.9188
Ysu
0.3
1."/
0./
tI./O
..."
) t -
SBA
(2-1)
"'sba * Psba
= 1x = ----------p
sba
0 is given by:
(12 )
At 100C,
P:ba = 771.3 mm Hg, p = 760 mm Hg and "'sba = 51.95. The
K-value becomes 52.72. If we want to evaporate 65.5 kmol/hr SBA, an
energy
of
converted
758.4
to
kW
water
is
of
required.
100C
change is
to
be
0.396,
an
feed
18
strip
the
SBA
from
flow
kmol/hr.
For
<
sba
factor S becomes:
S
* ~ = 9.02
=K
For
constant
(13)
S,
liquid
and
vapor
The
Murphree
0.073
0.396
0.040
0.395
0.004
0.211
4.0e-4
0.021
4.4e-5
2.3e-3
4.8e-6
2.5e-4
5.4e-7
2.8e-5
6.0e-8
3.2e-6
19
-
- - --
2.4
If
Caustic scrubber
the
entrained
demister
on
acid-mist
(max.
0.05
the
used
most
catalysts,
reactor
input
diluted
sodium
0.05*6653
stream.
kg/hr
hydroxide
vapor
is
therefore
scrubbed with a
HZ S0 4
of
has
to be removed.
20
is 1.0 m.
2.5
2.5.1
Reconcentration processes
Sulfuric
in
acid
high-temperature
and
High
in
vacuum
processes,
the
because
the
small
level.
vacuum
system
sulfuric
acid
[16J,
coo .....
-J. . ,
....---__, :w d ,f,f:i ,n
oovc, ac ..
Hw . . . . ,
_,t
eo.cI.' '''.'
. , . . . . IICI
. . . ~.L. ""'
21
solutions
(2-3),
vessels
arranged
liquid
pipes
up to 93 wt-%.
countercurrently.
The
the
vapors
below
the
atmospheric
boiling
temperature
of
the actual
mixture.
2.5.2
It
acid
the
is
Drum design
necessary to use two drums to reconcentrate the sulfurie
coming
In
wt-%
is
achieved.
oe
-Operating temperature
73
oe
9,646.9
6.234
0.109
MW
MW
6.343
MW
kg/hr
196
oe
-Operating temperature
146
oe
4819.5
kg/hr
2.847
-Heat of mixing
0.546
MW
MW
3.393
MW
22
The
total
2.6.1
Liquid-liquid separator
Wh en
the
SBA-water
densed,
the
formed
heavy
phase
mole
a
and
fraction x b
s a,u
mole
fraction
obtained
fluence
two
in
vapors
separator
liquids
separation.
[22J.
The
Horizontal
required
drums
residence
(min.)
can
be ap-
with
the
the
densities
dispersed
of
phase
).
The
respectivily
0.78347
the density of
100
and
has
value
the
0.9388
value
g/cm
0.8238 g/cm 3
(16)
= 8.21
min.
With a total flow rate of 1.832 kg/s, what is equal to 0.0022 m3 /s,
a
diameter
23
2.6.2
In
for
figure
the
binary
heterogeneous
system
HzO-SBA
at
1.013
One
bar.
predicts a
1.00
0.10
0.10
YI
0.40
o.ZO
0.00
0.00
o.eo
0.80
V
NRTL
Y Y -I
0.20
0.40
0.20
51.95
5.12
0.10
0.10
XI
figure (2-4):
0.00
0.00
1.00
y'
NRTL
Y Y I
0.40
0.10
XI
..
AV
o.ro
VI
/ /
A ~
YI
1.00
V1
71.31
5.05
0.10
1.00
..
In
a
heterogeneous
azeotrope.
azeotrope
Furthermore
and
the
not
if
difference
they
form a homogeneous
difficult.
ganic
a
To
light-boiling
the
azeotrope.
fractionation
with
is
split
in
columns
azeotrope
ganic
is
layer.
columns.
In
the
right
azeotropic
both
water
are
splitted
Both
table
layers
(2-4)
are
four
then
recycled
as
reflux to the
properties of the azeotrope they form with SBA and water. As can be
seen, diisobutylene (2,4,4-trimethyl-l-pentene, further referred to
as
DiiB)
forms
the organic
layer.
Azeotrope:
ComponenlS
Percent composition
~ .
In azeotrope:
Uppe:r
layer
Lower
layer
99.5
1122
100.0
85.5
27.4
52.4
20.2
~1.7
62.3
6.0
4.6
0.6
94.8
U
L
86.0
14.0
U
L
0.858
0.994
99.5
1420
100.0
86.6
56.1
19.2
24.7
65.0
23.0
12.0
10.0
0.2
89.8
U
L
86.0
14.0
U
L
0.816
0.981
a. 2-Butanol
b. Cyc10hexane
c. Water
99.5
81.0
100.0
67.0
a. 2-Butanol
b. Diisobutylcnc
c. Water
99.5
1026
100.0
77.5
19.0
70.0
ILO
20.0
78.8
9.01
0.5
91.0 I
U
L
92.0
8.0
U
L
0.736
0.987
..
a. 2-Butanol
b. 2-Butyl acetate
c. Water
a. 2-Butanol
b. Butyl ether
c. Water
..
table (2-4):
to
Spc:cific
gravity
of layers
or azeotrope:
. BP.
Compounds
Relative
volume of
layers
at 2o-C
BP.
computer
; 1.2
[34], is used
based
on
equilibrium
linearized
overflow
predict
the
are
by
then
is
obtained
by
energy
balances
are
the
simultaneously.
Newton-Raphson
method.
Solution
In the
UNIFAC
columns
grouped
equations
convergence
program
are
group
T23
and
contribution
T29
plus
the
method.
obtained
Program
output
for the
presented in appendix A-4. The value for the molar heat of evaporation
of
DiiB
was
not
25
In
the
DUB
8.5
SBA
H20
8.8*-~--~~~~~~~~~==~-,--~~~=-~-4
1 2
3
4
5
Ei
7
B 9
18 11 12 13 14
15 H.
tray na.
8.5
8.8l-~~~---+--~--~==~~~~-=~==~--~
1
18
tray no.
26
11
12
3.1
Dehydrogenation reactor
3.1.1
There
are basically two paths to convert SBA into MEK. One path
SBA +
This
essential
CO,
butenes
CO z ,
temperature
sufficint
oxidized
and
other
volatiles
control,
are
reaction
SBA
This
_E~!.!._)
( ______ MEK + Hz
the
formed
as
valuable
byproduct.
on
due
the
used
catalyst,
of
polymerisation
and
coking
on
is
also
MEK.
In
of
the
this
easy
control,
27
hydrogen
bined
as
good
byproduct
activity
and because a catalyst was found that comand stability with a selectivity of 100% for
MEK.
Reaction thermodynamics
3.1.2
The
dehydrogenation
of
reaction:
____KE___ >
SBA
Kp =
with:
<________
MEK + Hz
* p ( Hz)
p (ME K)
---p(SBA)-----
(17 )
To
6H
To
and
In
To
To
= 12770 + 3.0
log T +1.865
*T
*
= 11. 54 + 6.908
log T
(18)
(cal/mol)
(19)
(cal/mol/K)
(20)
increases
upto
SBA-recycle
~nly
93%.
For
stream,
300C.
28
SM cOllYllra i on
1.8,---------------:=::::===;8.9
8.8
8.7
8.6
8.5
8.4
8.3
8.2
8.1
8.8+-==~----_+----------+_--------
--------_+
__
4B8
188
ai , Q.tw..
Catalyst choice
gas
phase
heterogeneous
selectivity,
dehydrogenation
catalysis.
good
Criteria
activity
and
for
of
SBA
is
supported
by
nickel,
suspended
dehydrogenation
temperature
of
142C.
tetradecahydroanthracene
are
the
large
amount
of
the slow convers ion (1.1 kg MEK per kg catalyst per hour).
-ZnO
with
Provides
Bi z 0 3
500C.
SBA
per
the
volume
af ter
SBA
and
that
[28J or Na Z C0 3
to
29
-Cu
with
CrZ03
93
sion
complex
rate
1 vol.
with
97.8%
of
formed.
Maximum
MEK
yield
about
Kinetics of a Cu/Ni-catalyst
kinetics
composition
Cu:Ni:KzO:SiO z
Chanda
Mukherjee
and
[18J.
154.9
table (3-1):
Analysis
surface
of
reaction
m~/g
- 48 + 65 Tyler mesh
0.02515 cm
0.7188 g/cm 3
0.4519 cm 3 /g
0.38
58.35 x I O-R cm
1.160 g/cm 3
catalyst properties
their
is
data
shows
that
a mechanism of dual-site
convers ion
was
30
found
to
decrease
with
increasing
temperature.
products
ture
of
at
320C
it
was
in the tempera-
any
side-reaction
and
no
byproducts
were
recommended
keeps
by
oxidized
decrease
accompanied
detected
was
range
not
This
with
activity
to
do
sufficint
air
at
350C.
supplementary
activity
over
It is, however,
experiments,
ticle
mm,
= p(MEK) = 0)
the form:
ro
The
values
mentioned
of
= ko
the
* p(SBA)
(21)
tion energy.
31
table (3-2):
ko (mol/g.hr.atm)
250
0.6279
260
0.7560
270
0.9340
290
1.1180
310
1.2830
SBA
is
) MEK + Hz
i-(----
rate
limiting
step.
The
reaction
p(MEK)
* p(Hz)
rate
is
equation:
ko
r
(p(SBA)
( r
in
In
the
Kp
(22)
mol
)
g.hr.atm
temperature
given by (T in K):
= 2.70
kM
= 0.226
= 5.25
MH
*
*
* exp(
3.92
exp( 0.87
* 10
T
10-
10-
14
* exp(
32
10 3 )
(23)
3
(24)
15.74
T
3
10 )
(25)
Pressure influences
3.1.5
rate
also
increases
while
with
of
over
SBA.
the
rate (p(SBA) high and p(MEK) and p(Hz) both low) at the entrance of
the
reactor
and
reactor
(low
desired
pressure
high
total
degree
pressure,
drop
can
in
favor
for
equilibrium). This
pressure
Ergun-relation
drop
for
over
the
Ap
with:
- voidfraction
(the
(kg/m 3
u - gas velocity
g
H - height of bed
(m/s)
d p - diameter of particles
(m)
lowest
Re-number
(26)
(-)
density of gas
p -
H
* -a-p
(m)
is
of
conversion
replaced
bitrary
of
the
by
place
total
two
in
moles
the
reactor,
however,
tube,
into
the
filled
a
expected
with
pressure
catalyst
calculated, assuming the SBA convers ion in the slice not having any
affect
is
on the total gas flow rate. At the same time the convers ion
calculated,
assuming
slice. Both gas flow rate and gas composition are then adjusted and
used
to calculate the pressure drop and the convers ion in the next
slice.
Main
composition
diameter
among
and
have
other
initial
pressure.
fixed
values.
things,
atmospheric)
Satisfying
the
the
final
error. Af ter that, changing the number of slices then gives an idea
of
the
obtained
Pascal
and
is
For
Design
choosen
(diameter
0.10
with 4.800 kg catalyst and the maximum initial flow rate with which
a convers ion of 90%, at a temperature of 310C, is reached,
mol/s
per
an
idea
flow
to
about
the
1.42
mol/s
of
85.6%
and
convers ion
catalyst
listed
of
kW.
is 0.71
per
for
hour.
In
A-5
23.84 kW must be added to the tube and in the second case 45.23
With
amount
of
diameter
total
28
initial
reactor
flow
tubes,
of
0.10 m is required. The total heat flow from the furnace to the tubes must be 89.28 kW/m z tube area.
The minimum required wall thickess t
(27)
(m)
p - pressure difference
over tube wall
(bar)
34
value
With
m,
an
= 440
= 0.10
and R
(bar)
bar, p
2 bar
initial
the
With
thermal
alloys)
tube
of
and
conductivity
of
17
tube
800C,
heat
343C.
Hydrogen recovery
next
down
and
recovered
down
Af ter
that,
a
to
temperature
hydrogen
cooled
MEK
in
further
the
liquify
heat
the
major
product.
At
first heat is
the
temperature
In
to
in
3l0oC
feed
effluent
for
and
the
SBA
are
gas-liquid
condensed
separator.
The
and
and
in
the
vapor
Pa.
The
5C
and
approximately
vol-%.
the
If
further
the
hydrogen
MEK, SBA and a trace of water. The trace of water made it very
difficult
to
_ . __._-
-- -- - -- - -- - - - - - - - -- - -- --
PROCESS
could
and
separated
yield
of
94
of
stages
improvements.
which
means
and
the
reflux
All
the
water
that
the
bottom
ratio
showed
only
marginal
contained
binary SBA-MEK
two
profile
of
the
three
and figure (3-3) does the same for the two components in the
36
Mole fraction
1.B
B. 5
~
HZO
B.B
1
1B
15
ZB
tray no.
Number of stages
Reflux ratio
Feed :
at stage
80.41
temperature
1. 06
pressure
composition:
Top:
89.46
mol-%
SBA
10.04
mol-%
0.50
mol-%
45.05
mol-%
78.31
oe
pressure
Bottom:
1. 00
98.15
mol-%
SBA
0.73
mol-%
1.11
mol-%
54.95
mol-%
87.65
oe
pressure
1.19
37
bar
MEK
Hz,O
rate, relative to feed rate
temperature
composition:
bar
MEK
Hz.O
rate, relative to feed rate
temperature
composition:
oe
bar
MEK
82.34
mol-%
SBA
17.66
mo1-%
Hz.O
0.00
mol-%
..ale fraction
1.8
8.5
8.8
1
figure (3-3):
18
15
28
tray no .
25
25
Reflux ratio
Feed:
3
at stage
temperature
82.18
pressure
1. 06
82.34
mol-%
SBA
17.66
mol-%
HzO
0.00
mol-%
82.73
mol-%
temperature
79.38
oe
pressure
1. 00
composition :
Bottom:
bar
MEK
composition:
Top:
oe
MEK
99.31
mol-%
SBA
0.69
mol-%
17.27
mol-%
79.38
oe
38
bar
1. 24
bar
MEK
1. 03
mol-%
SBA
98.97
mol-%
Voor-
IN
M
KtJis
'"
1.020;1
Massa-en
Warmtebal ans
waarts
Q
kw
Retour
k<J/s
Q
kW
11
1-'9.512
UIT
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84
\ 096'1
'3.21
2').2~
oSo')
2gl.
'6
M in kg/s
Q in kW
46 cr;
,.g ~
~.
:Su~.
'5
5{,6' 2~
M
161192 o'2...S
IC. 6 g o Cl 9s
o. I 6 5
~t..
6S
o 16';
ah -+
0'1-39
68
14 63.::}4
o.c,
g~
802.56
l.o'2.g
3. b'l.'
G1 -+- Q,
~. ~
5.1':/2.
64 43
14,41-
o.
\81.{
?l -\-
>z
_.~
t ~
....
Q,+G L t
5.40f.
g~.
'1
30
0.
'Lo z.43
6.0)
M
,,'6'1.(;)
/,326
0.
iS"
42Q.Sf"
'"
+GJ q t
oS04
Stroom
/Componenten staat
w_
_______
."" a .i i'
Z,
Z Cj:]. ~+
Q, + <V'l.
Q~
18 ~
02.15
lC)l. IJ
'2'l{63
M
04 g 3
'6 b
29
28
Q1 +
Totaal:
tlo-1
0.
0.0
0'')
M
o. Slj1
CV. +01
27
26
Apparaatstoom
\Na.~Y'
5663
I.g'f.( s 5 5
Cl
Di ,'so 1ovJ-(.,v\~
Totaal:
2S
I
, Compo'nenten
\i\hf-tr
22
2\
ApparaatsTroom
~_-.z=;~_
'
2b~.
qg
1,32.(?
42.5.1
WCl.~~Y"
S{Q. _~\~\ ~'Cb~O\
M
Oou \
I.
SI
411.6 <6
0'1
4:;~
0.0 0
3S
34
33
A pparaatsT'room
, Compo"nenten
1'2-
Loo 6
a.
M
0'00 \
1.<.f1-)
0'0011
Cl
4. 3 C;
l{.13g
ISol.((
1.6'7f
0001
IL/;f5
O 00 11..
sCO
3?-
17lJ./)
2.. 06
o . 00
6'
4.g9
'tt.{tJ6
I '2~1
'210.44
151.6 f
3(;
oltlC)
O 0
~",rt~ue>o..~
a.
00 \
t:).
L{, S
,qt]
3l.~~
,. 2 q I
o 0 1 ~
S 2.0'
'.lf:; ~
597-
o.
101.44
.j
Totaal: .
',4=1
wo..\-~y-
/. cf.:;. 8
M
0'\:>0\3
Sec- (3~a\c...'v\.o'
(). 'l.../ 9
Mt'~V\\ .f~~\ ~!"'" ,. 2l) I
O'o'lb
Uv.dy-o~
15 o S'lr
40
3~
APparaatstoom
f Componenten
Lf';}4.44
6137 '6 r
2'$.8'
41, t q
I,4:;g
1'1-3 0
41
U "
U
o.
036
43
00
'B
Cl.
-6 ~
I . 2 C, ,
3;1. '6'1
2($. g ~
"qq z
25~JI
'LC) . ~ 1-
42
0,os6
\ 6 2..
'4 tg
(lI-9
M
0'00
13.00
o.0'3J
I.
?-
I.
g 06
S f L
"
Totaal:
M in kg/s
ct in kW
'41-'8
2.95. S 9
0'0
>b
2.t,47
~~s6_
o SI 2
ll'2l.g1
A pparca t
sTr oom
t Compo"nenten
Wcde.~
M
0.005
4(,
45
LIet
'.64{,
3.01Lf
2/U,4g
a.
M
0.0\3 \'6
os 82
o.()oLi9
1.0'99
0.6 3 g
(0'2.
a.
.113
L(~
Lfi
0 ' 00\8
o.()oQ9
o.'So2...
063 g
46.Q?f
o ~t1f
47 1
o . S 63
a.
M
o. (44
Cl
653
(49
'36". 311
'2 q. q,
o-oUIZ
\6'. '1
o 15
o.
..J
Totaal:
18" 6
'" A pparaatsrroom
'- --
V',\,.",~
Q.
M
017-
2. 4S'
io 4
o.~ q~
t.tq
f ComQonenten
S~c:...-Bv..\.~\ o.\c.~~o\
29/.2
50
M
l1-
13. Sb
O 0
, 5 o.j. ~1
2 -45 \
0. "
3~3.g~
M
1
4.66' Xl
0.652.
43. IS
,.00'
l49. ,4
52
51
~.gr
019:;
'.04
4 '6t )( (.; 1
{o? (6
0652.
a.
a.
b5~.r
44.11)"
Totaal:
r-.1 in kg/s
in kW
2.LJ6~
IS 20
' 1-
2..468
'3/11. ':f
0'656
Stroom /Comr
l 04,2.
0.656
QS .'2g
--_._ - - - -- -- -_._----
H2
Benam ing,
CO"Y\.cl e-.t\S<I\.
type
Medium
pijpe n-/
mant elzijd e
Ccl ci~C;o\u..t~",
,,_10 \A..\-<'V\e
ft q
{oo
Ier
H \3
\-\ \~
\+eaJ-t/L
Cooler
\-\ \ ~
H eateJL
NC1.0HI
CS \ (D.W"\
Capa citei t,
uitge wisse lde
Lf~<j.63
50
'3.'6
1305 Iq
\g~(\.~
/4.6
f,~
\/3
\/ \
warm te in kW.
Warm tewis selen d
oppe vl. in m2
26. /
21. 0
'2-6. ~
o.
Abs. of eff. *
druk in bar
pijpe n- /
mant elzijd e
1/3
3/1
temp. in / uit
.
or.,
~n
pijpz ijde
mant elzijd e
Spec iaal te gebruik en mat.
So
'2.0
/40
\4b / 25
tt
/25
20 /40
52
I?. Vs 3 \~
i(
~\
l~o 1/30
\ I gg.!"
20 I qo
{(\J S1lb
aan~even
25 /~t
J~o 1130
e.VS
'S\b
H 211
H 2'1-
~e6<.:> ~ tUl.
[()Y\.c1 ~eIl
Benam ing,
type
Medium
b.u:l. cJ.c.uU/
pijpe n-/
mant elzijd e
S\-eo.W"\
30
1-1
c. wo..teAl
b~.a.O~
-+ ei .. ,su h.:i:L
,-
~e \ooae.n..
WaJeJL /
<t> \- ea. 0,1'
H 32
~S
\\ e.",-t
Co ol ClL
~.~)J
C.
vJ~
.ti C-~eJ'\.
W . J~".(
I\Eb z
Capa citei t,
uitge wisse lde
220
warm te in kW.
Warmte .... issel end
LI.
oppev l. in m2
Aanta l paf!lt~{
\ 0:$ 0
SS
Abs. of eff. i(
druk in bar
pijpe n- 1
mant elzijd e
/3
I I r
/ 9Qf'
13 0 1IJu
2.:> 14.:;
/3
\I\
I,
temp. in / uit
. oe,
ln
pijpz ijde
mant elzijd e
~9.r
~:;.s
I:;:; r
/00
I (cv
11.)IUo
CJ~.s
Il/o
IC/u
7(
99.1 11 =1-9
'3/0 12/;;)
Benam ing,
type
Medium
pijpe n-I
mant elzijd e
r- 36
'~U-
~~~.
cJc.t.e./
'~ ~J
3CO
C~~
Coo len-
c. watiA; c.
5J-~), +HEt
~o
\-\ q,
\-\- 4 <J
Coo \-eJL
eebo ',\u
H~cl(,,~
t\'do.(O~
s+eo..~
Capa citei t,
uitge wisse lde
2.25
~o \.
2..0
'Warmte in kW.
Wa=mte .... issel end
oppe vl. in m2
Aanta l pafl t{
,91..
/, '13
05
2.0 .
o. ~
842.. S
1\, ~
Abs. of eff. i(
druk in bar
pijpe n- I
mant elzijd e
2'-4 11
11
1 / 1
14
1 (1
\ (1
LO 11.4 0
-5/-~
?>B{8~
30. r I Cf
~o
temp. in I uit
. c,
l.n
pijpz ijde
\ '1'1-
mant elzijd e
Soo/ )JI.:l
3t.:>
2.:)
210 (
80 S"
{-5
130
I 1J0
i(
55
aan~even
~I Ll
Benam ing,
t-
C~eY\SVL
type
Medium
t-t
52
~Ioo~
\m.
c. wo1(/L! hJ alcoh~
pijpe n-I
mant elzijd e
I1E~
SteA W"\
<O~\b
1ll5 .
oppe vl. in m2
('b
L-6
Aant al pafI t{
H S5
H 51-
C~~~
Cao 1efL
Cao lOL
r\E.~
r\E~
C.
w~1
MEK
C. woleIL
H S~
C. WcJvt
Capa citei t,
uitge wisse lde
'Warmte in kW.
Warm te'Wis selend
Abs. of eff.
112..'3,
\ L{.
59
'3
,Lf
'56 . 1\ .Ll
l1
1 (1
-::t-qll-J o
Lo/q ."
15 / q0
LO l q lJ
druk in bar
pijpe n-
1I 1
mant elzijd e
temp. in
.
~n
I3
'1
11
uit
o~
pijpz ijde
'20( 4
105 1(0)
mant elzijd e
16/1-3
'5 0 /'Jv
?a 140
-=1-9 l1-ct
i{
aan~even
'Wat
bedoe~d
wordt
2 .
ALGEMENE EIGENSCHAPPEN :
Funk tie . . . . . :
Type
..........
TT
dtaiii'i
s
'~ aar
kesel
iC. alG!!
Konde nsor
Uuie .,,,,
Uitvo ering
.......
11' .1jpj jp
1...
bhh
..
Posit ie . .
'1-
Kapa citeit
Warm tewiss elend opper vlak
: .. 4 ~'\~
: . . .7..-6. \..
: . . 56S ".
BEDRIJFSKONDITIES :
Mant elzijd e
Soort fluidu m . .
Massa stroom .
t'l ..
. kg/s
..
.... ........
.....
Mate riaal .
. bar
b. t;~
.\~o.q . .
..\.O c;.t ..
.
~. ~ 5
. .
Pijpz ijde
Ca. de ~ot~\~",
be'L' O . .
.. .
~
~.a 'i)
. '!SS - .
11 . . . . 2-.0. . .
. .4-a ..
. 3 . . . . . . 1 . . .
.S~uJ.. . .~~~ .
"
57
----------------------------------------------
~----------~----------~----------r_--------~----------~--------~ I
Apparaat No:
V6
T3
Benaming,
type
Abs.of eff.*
druk in bar
~-----------+----------~----------~--------~----------~--------~ '
temp. in
oe
25-40
Inhoud in m3
Diam.
l46
2. 2. \
15
in m
1 of h in m
\ 11
liO
0
64
o.
blo
\.00
3.1-
52..
0150
0.50
\e ' f
01-66
~-----------+----------~----------~---------+----------~--------~ I
Vulling:
125
(l,bO
;{
schotels-aant.
vaste pakking
katalysatortype
-
,t
vorm
Spec iaa2. te
ge-
CL
bruiken ::lat.
aantal
LIS 1\(,
serie / :;:a:allel
Apparaat No:
f-\c.;d
Benaming,
t"\ tb
tl{
sh:p~.ljL
type
temp. in oe
Inhoud in m3
1
10 'l
'3\
~.S
in m
\. \ 0
1 of h in m
Vulling:
\0
L\',~
5..e.f~L
[) \~\: \~;J~~
ll\A""'" '1
~\
<j\
gfJ
"\
+.~S
1,08$
2 \. L
0,7
\. S
2,80
\'2.
020
1.
1..0
10
'.f.1. f
3(
schotels-aant.
\3
23
TMTP- ss
i>~~~
vaste pakking
katalysator-
ItoDM;-'.1 oll~-
type
- "
~lu.~>')
T 2.3
3(
druk in bar
Diam.
\I 20
No..o t\
~\b"~
Abs.of eff.
17-
~~ 2.5
he,...
e.. V j
J {l.
- vorm
............
............
............
R..
f- V5
V S 1 tb
316
53
\Ct)
Apparaat No:
'-J 2t;
L\~~ -
Benaming,
\..t\~
type
~n
0c
Inhoud in m3
Diam.
in m
1 of h in m
Vulling:
S~.
O!~
S-\<5\o8f-
2,Q
1?-- ~
=1-7- r - loa
4-0
'2> \
2'b
1. (J
o-s"
la
'2.
~.'2..S
Lt~~
~~L
1
0
"
,01
2-0
0
25
.~
~1
30.)
0-0
/'"
025'
l . 2 S-
\3
vaste pakking
katalysator-
C"'/,{{ Oh );0,
S~~J
type
- " - vorm
.............
...... . .......
~
~~-
:;{
schotels-aant .
......
~6L
Cj 3"
3(
druk in bar
temp.
O\I)\~ \\~~~~
((.3'1-
\J ~~
Co \ u.."'" ""
~()j\J.\Abs.of effe
\" '2-'1
.........
Speciaal te ge-
Cl,-)l--Ho-
a/lo}"
b:-uiken ::lat.
aantal
serie ,lDa!'allel
3(
60
Apparaat No:
O;St-; llo..t o~
Benaming,
type
V LIl,
T 4-3
UtSsJ
Co lu\'Y'\ Y'\
T5\
DiS\; \\o..\ttM
" 54
\J f! '>S~
!
[Qtw\.t)
I
Abs.of eff.
3{
druk in bar
temp. in oe
Inhoud in m3
Diam.
in m
1 of h in m
Vulling:
tg
-:tg - 2,<6
1
,
,
15
1 2.
ll,
'1-l3 -
l" S
150
I
19
1-9
36
IZ
2~
vaste pakking
katalysatortype
- ,,
- vorm
............
............
..... . ......
1(
I
I
2(
schotels-aant.
R.. c4
TORENSPECIFIKATIEBLAD
ALGEMENE EIGENSCHAPPEN :
Funkt ie ..... ..... ..... :
Type toren ...
:
desti llatie /
k1.91-j
theor etisch :
"2..0
prakt isch
'2..~
......
f"~ \ tA-
a_,liiiiiil~iliiii
8 R \ultE / schot el
o S m
\ .0
/ ;te
i~iiliiiii~1:
iipt:geilu~
/ zeefp laat /
Oi
Hilue- /
Hoogt e toren
....
\~
W"\
s-\u i
~/
'ilfilOiiil
ij
BEDRIJFSKONDITIES :
!
i
Voedi ng
, Top
Reflux/-eb~ol:p
Bodem
~e
oe
bar
Dicht heid ...... . kg/m3
0
82>
,.
Se-.c.o~o\
EK
\Cj
5 0 1o . :}Cf t
"'" ,,/.
VI~.
*1-9
\05
:tij
\, '2.4
<005
C6lS
o \ S
o 6Sb
W\ '10
v'l.
\11-
\~
oob~
g'23
82
~Oj,J'
_.,.
w,I.
0,9
/,0 J
.mi ei/ .
80 S
\
..g
W\. " .
E~tt'e\tQ
Ifti:e:l
'\'1.J I
\
w 10
0':;
Cf'"
ONTWERP :
Aanta l kj
J '
/ zeef gaten /
.....
.....
..... ..... ...
...** :
lo.fo
2
: o.bj m
:
~oomm
7
I!.\W\H R
oncwe rp
d-~t~a~alin~g~e~v~e~nL.,
bevat J . ~l
Benaming,
eS
c1
Apparaat No:
~"~'JJ
CCJWlfrt.,sS 0'-
type
f(~f
te verpompen
fl_
&>0 wt_o~
H2. S o~
b \A..t (..vU.
medium
Capaciteit in
t/d of kg/si(
'2,2- S
\.oLt
2.'50..\/
Dichtheid
in
3
kg/m ~
(./:r.e 1;:, ZI
c4~j
p~p
8a wt-%
HL 30 y
6.25
11-
PIS
~~~ ~~Jl
fu.~p
f tA.W"\f
Hz SOl\-
+ W.rJCb~
1. 2 1-
No..o~
I
0, lL~
\~OO
( 2 lq
I 15 Z
0 0
~l~ ~;p
in bar(abs.
'"
\0
3.2 S
~i()
temp. in
in / uit
Vermogen in kW
theor./ prakt.
25 / 1-1
lol.! (01..
5L
5 2
<3 \ I ~ 1
\ 0':>.3
R- tts
bruiken mat.
aantal
13. +/
Speciaal te ge
serie / parallel
ltf6 [ lqb
5l~
eVS J I ,
* aangeven
f..VS ~\b
e.rlS 3l
Apparaat No:
P '2. 2.
P 'LS
~j~ ~~j)
Benaming,
type
t>\.L~f
te verpompen
B~.
Jc.JJ.
+~~
medium
Capaciteit in
t/d of kg/s~
Dichtheid
in
P '2.. 1
\. g 1
g1- 0
kg/m 3
2 <
~~\\.\.~
~7JJJ ~J)
f~p
fu.~
~~-
cJea1J
~
B~_
,6 b C6
\3'1
3\5
131>
o1cv{)
~So b~
cdf,~
~
wa.i0-
-\-wo:ttA
-1-5 Cf
J1t
-s
loo
Zuig-/persdruk
1/1.5 .
in bar(abs.~
~!)
temp. in
I
0
B~-) (g~- )
Cj~.r / c,S, r
~1,r Itf')
in / uit
Vermogen in kW
theor./ prakt.
1- f~ s 19-t-;-
10.;)
! 1 o~
\~~
02
Speciaal te ge
bruiken mat
aantal
serie / parallel
* aangeven
~EE~~~~~~!!~~~_~~~~_E~~E~~~_~!~~~~~~_~~~E~~~~~~~~
p ~q
Apparaat No:
P 42-
Benaming,
~J
type
~J
~J
r~p
~j
(?u -(J
~~.~
medium
Capaciteit in
t/d of kg/s*'
Dichtheid
in
kg/m 3
P q~
~ ~\v..'Jl .
pc.\.~p
te verpompen
P~ 5
M(~
o.f.!'
\ 131
, ,LJQ2
3\5
~o~
\1 Et:..
+ d1c.-~
I. \
~a ~
L\ C'j
J~.J
f7
f~
t---\ Et:
o6Qr
~oS-
rtE K
~ cJc~)
6.g
~o<
Zuig-/persdruk
in bar(abs.of
eff. *.)
temp. in
in / uit
qo
(C(o
So.)"{ 2a,~
1-8(1-~
7-2 (1~
~~ I F~
Vermogen in kW
theor./ prakt.
Speciaal te ge
bruiken mat
aantal
serie / parallel
* aangeven
Apparaat No:
Benaming ,
type
te verpompen
p So
p'S1
P5b
~~jJ
fUY>'\f
~
~7J
~J
ftAf
medium
.J...
Capaciteit in
t/d of kg/si(
Dichtheid
in kg/m 3
t-\E~
o 15
\ , g\ \
SiS
3 0g
nE~
a66
~oS-
ZUig- / persdruk
in bar(abs.of
eff.i()
temp. in
in / uit
loS f{)
?-q
t 1-Cf 1-9
{1-cr
Vermogen in kW
theor. / prakt.
Speciaal te ge
brui ken mat
aantal
serie / parallel
* aangeven
66
The
equipment
costs
prices
published
by
have
been
calculated,
Number
Costs (f)
1
18
384,000
880,000
11
443,400
17
329,000
Furnace
42,000
Reactor
126,000
57
2,654,400
Tanks and
separators
Pumps
Total
according to the
The
total
capital
Component
Ratio
Cost (f)
Purchased equipment
100
2,654,400
Equipment installation
47
1,247,568
Instrumentation
18
477,792
Piping
66
1,751,904
Electrical
11
291,984
Buildings
18
477,792
Yard improvements
10
265,440
Service facilities
70
1,858,080
159,264
346
9,184,224
33
875,952
Construction expenses
41
1,088,304
Construction's fee
21
557,424
Contingency
42
1,114,848
483
12,820,725
86
2,282,784
569
15,103,536
Land
Total direct costs
Fixed-capital investment
Working capital
Total capital investment
68
Material
Cost
Total cost
(t/yr)
(f/t)
(f/yr)
26,456.6
638
16,879,311
Sulfurie acid
290.3
150
75,996
Sodium hydroxide
300.9
500
,150,467
n-Butene
Amount
Total
17,105,724
Material
MEK
Hydrogen
SBA
Price
Total price
(t/yr)
(f /t)
(f/yr)
33,721.9
1750*
59,013,325
Amount
933.2
1800
1,679,616
1550
Total
60,692,941
Ratio
Cost (f)
60
31,101,316
33
17,105,724
10
5,183,553
1.Raw materials
(10-50% of p.c.)
2.0perating labor
(10-20% of p.c.)
3.Direct supervisory
(10-25% of operating labor)
1.5
777,533
4.Utilities
(10-20% of p. c.)
10
5,183,553
1.5
777,533
0.2
96,155
1.5
777,533
2.3
1,192,212
6.0perating supplies
(0.5-1% of fixed capital)
7.Laboratory charges
(10-20% of operating labor)
8.Patents and royalities
(0-6% of p.c.)
B.Fixed charges
(10-20% of product costs)
15
7,775,329
4,146,842
C.Plant-overhead costs
(5-15% of p.c.)
D.General expenses
17
8,812,039
1,555,066
4,146,842
2,591,776
518,355
100
51,835,527
1.Administration
(2-5% of p.c.)
2.Distribution and sel1ing
(2-20% of p.c.)
3.Research and development
(5% of p.c.)
4.Financing
(0-7% of total capital)
Total
Income
60,692,941
statie
economical
methods,
justified,
8,857,414
used
are
for
the
deciding
pay-out
if
a n investment is
assumption
is
not
made
when
(28)
calculating the return on
= grQ~~_~~~~~l_~~r~!~g ______________________
fixed capital investment + working capital
* 100%
(29)
For this project the POT is 1.45 years and the ROl is 58.6%.
The
internal
rate
of
over the entire life time of the project are converted to this very
day
with
7'
For this project the 1ife time is fixed at 10 years and the rest
value
RV
of
the
equipment
investment
F.
Furthermore
earning
is
constant
returned
af ter
over
is
10
assumed
10 years is:
-F -W +
+r
(+r)Z
...
(+r)g
E+RV+W
(30)
(+r)o
=
=
8,857,414
RV
1,282,073
gives
2,282,784
va1ue
for
of
72.
0.58187
and
IRR
of
58.2%.
REFERENCES.
1
(1984)
(1984)
10
11
12
(1971-1972)
13
(1974)
14
(1964)
15
16
17
18
19
21
22
23
(1958)
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
A.G.Montfoort, De Chemische Fabriek, deel IA: Flowsheettheorie en ontwerp, Collegediktaat TUD, Delft (1980)
38
39
40
41
7'1
(1958)
Appendix
A-I
table (1):
Antoine constants
In (p) =
Component
p in mm Hg and t
A
in K.
:temp. range
C
15.785
2299.6
-22.77
15.737
2932.1
-52.55
+1 - +100
SBA
17.210
3026.0
-86.66
:+25 - +120
DiiB
18.585
3984.9
-39.73
-2 - +127
MEK
16.264
2904.3
-51.19
: +20 - +120
n-butene
: -73
+27
72.10
79.57
-85.90
-Freezing point
-Refractive index,
1. 378
-Density at 20C
804.5
kg/m 3
-Surface tension at 20 0 e
24.6
mN/m
1732
J/kg. oe
2084
J /kg. oe
2435
kJ/mole
-279.5
kJ/mole
32.8
kJ/mole
-Critical temperature
260
-Critical pressure
4299
kPa
-Viscosity at 20C
0.416
mPa.s
-Flash point
-1
27.5
c
wt-%
2*10"
pS/m
74.10
99.5
-Freezing point'
-114.7
-Refractive index,
1.39446
-Density at 15C
810.9
kg/m 3
J/kg. oe
c
oe
2730
J/kg. oe
-268.1
kJ/mole
41. 687
kJ/mole
-Critical temperature
265
-Critical pressure
4850
kPa
-Viscosity at 15C
-Flash point
42.10
mPa.s
24.4
18
c
wt-%
71
56.11
0.99
-110.1
-Freezing point
-25
-Refractive index, n
D
-Density of liquid at 25C
602.09
kg/m 3
2.591
kg/m 3
0.01356
mN/m
1550
J /kg. c
647.1
kJ/mole
-9.443
kJ/mole
21. 60
kJ/mole
-Critical temperature
155.9
-Critical pressure
4147
kPa
1.3868
Sulfuric acid
-Molecular weight
98.08
338
-Melting point
3.0
1.841
kg/m 3
50
mN/m
1443
J/kg.oC
-811.2
kJ/mole
655
-Critical pressure
8208
kPa
A-2
VERSION 0484
***********:::
SM
PROCESS
GENERAL DATA
TITLE USER=A\
AND R
,PROBlEM=CCMP,PROJECl=FABONI,DAIE=FEB87
DIMENSION SI,TEMP=C,PRESS=BAR
PRINT \.lTO fIletl
COMPONENT DAIA
LIBID 1,BUI1/2,BTC2/3,BTT2
THERMODYNAMIC DATA
TYPE SYSTEM=SRK
STREAH DATA
PROPERTY STRM=1,TEMP=25,PRESS=1.0,PHASE=V,*
COMP (M)=1,2.0/2,9.0/3,89.0,NOCHECK,RAIE(M)=66.7
UNIT OPERATICt\S
COMPRESSOR UID=Cl,NAME=BUT-CO~PRESSOR,KPRINT
FEED
1
PRODUCT L=2
OPER
PIN=1.O,POUT=3.2~,PCLY=76,TESl=40
COOLER
DP=Q.25,TOUl=25
VERSION C484
SIMULAIION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FAEONI
PROBLEt1 Cm1P
PRCCESS
SM
PAGE
A.
SCLUTION
Ar~D
7
R
FEB87
***
***
***
TEHPERAIURE, DEG C
PRESSURE, BAR
ENTHALPY, MM KJ . /HR
ENTROPY, KJ j~OLE DEG C
MOLE PERCENT LIQUID
ADIABAIIC EFFICIENCY, PERCENT
POLYTRCPIC EFFICIENCY, PERCENT
ISENTROPIC COEFFICIENT, K
POLYTROPIC COEFFICIENI, N
HEAD,M
ADIABATIC
PGLYT:lOPIC
ACTUAL
INLET
ISENTRC!?IC
OUlLE!
25.00
1.000 0
2.638 1
216.3 610
0.000 0
60.82
3.250 0
2.835 9
216.3 510
0.000 0
71.01
3.250 0
2.903 5
219.3 471
0.000 0
74.56
76.00
1.112 1
1.152 9
5391 .95
5496 .42
7232 .14
'WORK, KW
THECRETICAL
POLYTROPIC
ACTUAL
COHPONEt\TS
1 THRU
54.98
56.04
73.74
-
2.664 0E+0 0
CC~PCNE~T
2.137 4E+0 0
AFTERCCCLER
DUTY, MM KJ /HR
TEHPERATURE, DEG C
PRESSURE, EAR
1 THRU 3
9.948 3E-0 1 7.321 8E-0 1
90
KVALUES -
2.224 7E+0 0
1.762 4
7.721 9E-0 1
25.00
3.000 0
VERSION C484
SIMUlAIICN SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECI FtWONl
PROBlEM Cm1P
PROCESS
SM
PAGE 10
A.
AND F..
FEB87
SOLUTION
SIREAr1 SUMMARY
STREAM ID.
NAtiE
PHASE
FROM Ul\IT/TRAY
TO UNIT/TRAY
FROM SlREM1
M KGS/HR
MOLECULAR ~EI(HT
STD lIQ
M3/HR
DEG API
SP GR
KGS/M3
UOP K
REDUCED TEMP
REDUCED PRESS
ACENTRIC FACTOR
**VAPCRl)*
M KGS/HR
MOLECULAR ~EIGHT
STn LIQ
M3/HR
SID ~
M3/HR
ACTUAL H M3/HR
KGS/fo!
M3
IKG MOL
VAPOR
Ol 0
LIQUID
11 0
1/
KG MOlS/HR
TEMPERAlURE, rEG C
PRESSURE, BAR
H, MM KJ /HR
M KJ /KG MOlE
KJ IKG
MOlE FRACT LIUID
CP,KJ
66.700
25.000
1.000
2.638
39.551
104.913
0.00000
Ol
66.700
25.000
3.000 - 1.141
17.107
304.893
1.00000
3.742
56.108
6.134
99.965
0.6113
610.0669
12.926
0.695
0.025
0.217
3.742
56.108
6.134
99.965
0.6113
610.0669
12.926
0.695
0.075
0.217
3.742
56.108
6.134
1.495
1.610
2323.841
0.97403
8.9201E+01
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
C.COOOE+OO
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.0000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
O.OOOOE+OO
3.742
56.108
6.134
30.4500
6.916
541.125
0.01255
1.3545E+02
r;
A-3
N 0484
SH
PROCESS
A
SOLUTION
PAGL 12
AND H
Jl\N87
KG
11OLS/HH
STRSAM ID
NArE
PHASE
LIQUID
'JAPOR
'/APOR
LIQUIU
1 WATER
2 SBUOH
3 SULFURIC
827.6753
65.4740
65.4740
164.0000
0.0000
0.0000
99.7643
65.'1085
0.0000
891.9106
0.0655
65.4740
958.6230
51.4'.)00
1. 0000
4.3971
1.0000
0.0000
164.0000
190.0000
3.0000
8.2191
0.0000
0.0000
165.1728
9:.0728
1.0000
0.9086
:J . 0000
0.0000
957.4500
101.5943
1.0uOO
7.7576
1.0000
0.0000
IOTALS
IEHPERATU~E,
~EG
PRESSURE, BAR
H, MM KJ /HR
HOLE FRACT LIQUID
RECYCLE CONVERGENCE
A-4
COMPONENTS
1
H20
SBA
2
3
DiiB
ACTIVITY COEFFICIENT:
O=NONE, 4=UNIQUAC
8s
-52.545
-86.660
-39.734
NUMBER OF STAGES
16
NUMBER OF FEEDS
2
THE STAGE
~T
0.0000000000000
THE PRESSURE
760.000000000000000
ESTIMATE THE TOP AND BOTTOM STAGE TEMPERATURES
IN DEGREES CELSIUS
77.000000000000000
99.000000000000000
THE MAXIMUM CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE
BETWEEN ITERATIONS ( DEGREES CELSIUS) - OFTEN 10
2.000000000000000
THE MAXIMUM FRACTIONAL CHANGE IN FLOW
RATES BETWEEN ITERATIONS - OFTEN 0.5
0.100000000000000
31.5700000000000
2:SBA
NUMBER OF STAGES
DISTIl,LATE RATE
RE FLUX RATIO
TOTA1 PRESSURE
STREAM
3:DiiB
16
77.120
4.200
760.000
FLOW RATE
TeC)
17.19
77.12
99.6
73.7
BOTTOMS
DISTILLATE
STAGE
T(C)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
99.60
99.60
99.58
99.51
99.25
98.37
95.60
89.25
84.85
84.26
84.24
83.95
83.94
83.89
82.91
73.66
COMPONENT FLOWS
0.0000
31.5800
LIQUID FLOW
17.1896
13.9704
0.0004
31.5696
COMPONENT FLOWS
17.19
418.21
418.21
418.21
418.21
418.21
418.21
418.21
373.12
373.12
373.12
373.12
323.90
323.90
323.90
323.90
0.000
0.002
0.009
0.037
0.147
0.580
2.269
8.611
4.443
1.900
1. 488
1. 759
1. 633
1.674
2.525
17.144
17.190
418.175
418.070
417.687
416.288
411.242
393.887
342.718
222.825
153.336
138.482
138.637
123.504
123.294
122.902
115.989
0.000
0.037
0.134
0.490
1.779
6.392
22.059
66.886
145.856
217.888
233.154
232.728
198.767
198.936
198.477
190.771
FLOW CONFIGURATION
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
FL
17.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
418.2
373.1
373.1
373.1
373.1
323.9
323.9
323.9
323.9
FV
401.0
401.0
401. 0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
401.0
77.1
SL
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
85
SV
FKV
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FEEDSTREAMS
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
26.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
13.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
31.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
*K-FACTOR
* * * * *IN *COLUMN
* * * * PROFILE
* * * 72.'3
******
1
')
.:...
3
4
5
6,.,
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
4.141
4.141
4.140
4.136
4.123
4.079
3.958
3.798
6.035
13.911
17.937
17.568
16.444
16.457
15.588
7.737
1.000
1.000
0.999
0.996
0.987
0.955
0.862
0.681
0.644
0.846
0.938
0.923
0.898
0.897
0.854
0.506
3.805
3.804
3.801
3.789
3.746
3.599
3.162
2.274
1.390
0.996
0.929
0.921
0.937
0.934
0.905
0.695
NUMBER OF STAGES
12
NUMBER OF FEEDS
1
THE STAGE AT WHICH FEED 1 IS INTRODUCED
6
THE VAPOR FRACTION OF FEED 1
0.000000000000000
COMPONENT FLOW RATES IN FEED 1
28.250000000000000
0 . 880000000000000
CONDENSER ( YI N)?
Y
THE DISTILLATE RATE
3.840000000000000
THE RE FLUX RATIO
4.200000000000000
NUMBER OF LIQUID SIDE STREAMS
THE PRESSURE
760.000000000000000
ESTIMATE THE TOP AND BOTTOM STAGE TEMPERATURES
I N DEGREES CELSIUS
73.660000000000000
99.600000000000000
THE MAXIMUM CHANGE IN TEMPERATURE
BETWEEN ITERATIONS ( DEGREES CELSIUS ) - OFTEN 10
2.000000000000000
TH E MAXIMUM FRACTIONAL CHANGE IN FLOW
RATES BETWEEN ITERATIONS - OFTEN 0.5
0.100000000000000
1.4700000000000
2:SBA
NUMBEH OF STAGES
DISTILLATF. HATE
HEFLlJX HATIO
TOTAL PHESSUHE
STHEAM
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
11
12
12
3.840
4.200
760.000
FLOW HATE
T (G)
26.76
3.84
101.5
77.2
BOTTOMS
DISTILLATE
STAGE
3:DiiB
T(C )
COMPONENT FLOWS
26.7579
1.4921
LIQUID FLOW
101.46
101.43
101.35
101. J5
100.54
97.10
96.96
96.22
93.24
87.84
84.42
77.19
0.0021
0.8779
0.0000
1.4700
COMPONENT FLOWS
26.76
46.73
46.73
46.73
46.73
46.73
16.13
16.13
16.13
16.13
16.13
16.13
26.758
46.717
46.697
46.646
46.514
46.117
15.901
15.813
15.361
13.557
10.326
8.332
0.002
0.011
0.031
0.082
0.208
0.508
0.191
0.277
0.720
2.475
5.467
6.187
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.006
0.103
0.036
0.038
0.047
0.096
0.335
1.609
FLOW CONFIGUHATION
I
FL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
la
11
12
26.8
46.7
46.7
46.7
46.7
46.7
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16. 1
16.1
FV
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
3.8
SL
0.0
O. 0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
SV
FKV
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FEEDSTHEAMS
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
28.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
*K-FACTOR
* * * * PROFILE
* * * * *IN *COLUMN
* * * T'2...J
******
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1.000
0.999
0.997
0.991
0.974
0.883
0.879
0.861
0.791
0.704
0.768
0.752
5.986
5.976
5.951
5.888
5.705
4.923
4.880
4.658
3.761
2.071
1.044
0.596
40.837
40.778
40.627
40.238
39.128
34.341
34.069
32.659
26.850
15.221
7.431
3.837
A-5
------- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -----
page 1 at
U1:~3pm
U~/l1/~4
proeram MEK_conversion;
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11 :
12:
13 :
14:
15:
16:
17:
18 :
19:
const
MS
74.123;
MM = ?2.10?;
MH = 2.016;
R = 8.3144;
E = 0.32;
Var
T,Dk,Dp,Ks,Km,Kh,Kp,KO,W,dW,
Xs,Xm,Xh,
F,FO,Fs,Fm,Fh,FsO,
P,PO,Ps,Pm,Ph,
Ue,Conv,Rho,Ra,TubeLength,
TubeDia,Tau,G,H,S,Gr
i,j,N
PrinterEcho
Choice
Real;
Integer;
Boolean;
Char;
20:
21 :
22: Procedure Initialisation;
23: Beein
24:
T:=273.16+310;
25:
H:=53429.0+3*T;
26 :
5 : = 1 1 . 54 + 6 . 908':\- In ( T) I In ( 1 0) ;
27:
G:=H-T*S;
28:
Ok:=0.0005;
29:
Ks:=5.25e-14*exp( 15.74e3/T);
30:
Km:=0.226*exp(0.87e3/T);
31:
Kh:=5.25e-14*exp( 15.74e3/T);
32:
Kp:=-2790/T+1.510*ln( T) I1n( 10) +1.865;
33:
Kp:=exp(ln(10)i~Kp);
34:
KO:=1.3/3.6;
{mol/kg . s.atm}
35:
W:=TubeLength*pi/4*sqr(TubeDia)*718.8;
36:
dW:=W/N;
37: End j
38:
39: Procedure Input;
40: Beein
41:
TubeLength:=0.85;FO:=0 . 71;PO:=2.4;Xs:=0.998;
42:
Xm:=0.002;N:=1000;TubeDia:=0.10j
43:
ClrScr;
44:
GotoXYC5,4) ;WriteC 'Tube diameter (m)
') ;ReadCTubeDia);
45:
GotoXYC5,5);WriteC'Tube length Cm)
');Read(TubeLength);
46:
GotoXY(5,6) ;WriteC 'Initial flow (molis)
') ;Read(FO);
47:
GotoXYC5,7) ;Write( 'Initial pressure Catm)') ;ReadCPO);
48:
GotoXYC5,8) ;Write( 'Molf'raction SBA
') ;ReadCXs);
49:
GotoXYC5,9) ;WriteC 'Molf'raction MEK
') ;ReadCXm);
50:
GotoXY(5,10);Write('# steps
');ReadCN);
51:
GotoXY(5, 11) ;Write( 'Printout? C YIN)');
52:
Repeat read(kbd,Choice) Until UpcaseCChoice) in ['Y', 'N'];
53:
If' Upcase(Choice)='Y' then PrinterEcho:=True else PrinterEcho:=False;
54:
P:=PO;
55:
F:=FO;
56:
FsO:=FO*Xs;
57:
Ps:=Xs*P;
58:
Pm:=Xm*P;
59:
Xh:=O;
60 :
Ph:=O;
61:
Fs:=Xs*F;
62:
Fm:=Xm*F;
63:
Fh:=O;
64:
If PrinterEcho Then
65:
Begin
66:
Writeln(lst);
- --
_._---_.
- - -- - - - - -- - -
Listing of MEK.PAS,
67:
68:
69:
70:
71 :
72:
?3:
74:
?S:
76:
77:
78:
79:
80:
81 :
82:
83:
84:
85:
86:
87:
88:
89:
90:
91 :
92:
93:
94:
9S:
96:
97:
98:
99:
100:
101 :
102:
103:
104:
10S:
106:
107:
108:
109:
'10 :
111 :
1 12 :
1 13:
, 14 :
11S:
1 16 :
117:
118 :
119:
120:
121 :
122:
123:
124:
12S:
126:
127:
128 :
129:
130:
131:
132:
Writeln(
Writeln(
Writeln(
Writeln(
Writeln(
Writeln(
End;
End;
lst, '
lst, '
lst, ,
lst,'
lst, ,
lst, '
Procedure Output;
Begin
ClrScr;
GotoXY(S,4);Write(j,'
pressure = ',P:7:4,' atm');
GotoXY(5,S);WriteC'
convers ion
',CFO-Fs)/FO:7:4);
GotoXY(S,6) ;WriteC'
rho = ',Rho:7:4,' kg/m3');
GotoXY(S,7) ;Write('
flow
' ,F:7:4,' mol/s');
GotoXY(S,8) ;WriteC 'reaction enthalpy = ',Gr/1000:7:4,' kW');
GotoXY(S,9) ;WriteC'
x(SBA) = ',Xs:7:4);
GotoXY(S,10);Write('
x(MEK) = ',Xm:7:4);
GotoXY(5,11);Write('
xCH2)
= ',Xh:7:4);
GotoXY(S,20) ;WriteC' Press key to continue ');
If Not PrinterEcho then repeat until keypressed;
GotoXY(S,20) ;WriteC'
');
If PrinterEcho Then
Begin
Writeln( lst);
Writeln( l s t , '
j*(N div S):4,':
pressure = ',P:7:4,
Write(lst,'
conversion = ',Fh/FsO:7:4);
Writeln( l s t , '
x(SBA) = ' ,Xs:7:4);
Write(lst,'
rho = ' ,Rho:7:4,' kg/m3');
Writeln( lst, '
x(MEK) = ',Xm:7:4);
WriteCIst,'
flow = ' ,F:7:4,' mol/s');
x(H2)
= ',Xh:7:4);
WritelnC lst, '
WritelnC lst, ,
reaction enthalpy = ' ,Gr/1000:7:4,' kW');
End;
End;
Procedure Kinetics;
Begin
Ra:=KO*(Ps-(Pm*Ph/Kp))/( 1+Ks*Pm+Km*Pm*Kh*Ph);
Conv:=dW*Ra;
End;
Procedure GasOensitYi
{kg/m3}
Begin
P: =P-:l-1 0 132S . 0;
Rho:=P/R/T*CXs*Ms+Xm*Mm+Xh*Mh)/1000;
P:=P/10132S.0;
End;
Procedure GasVelocity;
Begin
{superficial}
Ug:=F/(pi/4i~sqrCTubeOia))*(Xs*Ms+Xm*Mm+Xh*Mh)/Rho/1000;
End;
Procedure PressureOrop;
Begin
GasOensity;
GasVelocity;
Op:=1.7S*( 1-E)/(E*E*E)*Rho*sqr(Ug)*TubeLength/N/Ok/10132S.0;
End;
Begin
Input;
Initialisation;
Clr5cr;
Listin2 of MEK.PAS,
133:
134:
135:
136:
13?:
138:
139:
140:
141 :
142:
143:
144:
145:
146:
14?:
148:
149:
150:
151 :
152:
For j:=1 to 5 do
Begin
For i:=1 to (N div 5) do
Begin
GasDensity;
GasVelocity;
Tau:=TubeLength/N/Ug;
Kinetics;
Fs:=Fs-Conv;Fm:=Fm+Conv;Fh:=Fh+Conv;
F:=Fs+Fh+Fm;
Gr:=G*Fh;
Xs:=Fs/F;Xm:=Fm/F;Xh:=Fh/F;
Xs:=Fs/F;Xm:=Fm/F;Xm:=Fm/F;
PressureDrop;
P:=P-dP;
Ps:=P*Xs;Ph:=P*Xh;Pm:=P*Xm;
End;
Output;
End;
End.
Tube diameter
Tube length
Initial flow
Initial pressure
Molfraction S8A
# steps
200:
400:
600:
800 :
1000:
O. 1000
0.8500
0.?100
2.4000
0.9980
1000
m
m
mol/s
atm
2.2419
pressure
conversion
0.5613
rho = 2.226?
1 . 1o??
flow
reaction enthalpy = 14.83?0
atm
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
pressure
2.0294
conversion =
0 . ?456
rho
1 .8034
flow =
1.2383
reaction enthalpy = 19.?086
atm
pressure =
1 . ??26
conversion = 0 . 8310
1 . 5021
rho =
flow = 1 .2988
reaction enthalpy
21.9661
atm
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
pressure = 1 . 4602
conversion =
0 . 8?62
rho
1 . 2080
flow =
1 .3308
reaction enthalpy = 23.1615
atm
pressure =
1 .0505
conversion = 0.9020
rho
0.8583
flow
1 . 3491
reaction enthalpy = 23 . 8442
atm
34
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
x(5BA)
x(MEK)
x( H2)
x(SBA)
x( MEK)
x( H2)
x( S8A)
x( MEK)
x( H2)
=
=
=
=
x( S8A)
x( MEK)
x( H2)
x(S8A)
x(MEK)
x( H2)
0.28o?
0.3603
0.3590
O. 1456
0 . 42?8
0.4266
0 . 0922
0.4544
0 . 4533
0.0659
0.46?6
0.4665
=
=
0.0515
0.4?48
0 . 4?3?
Tube diameter
Tube length
Initial flow
Initial pressure
Molfraction BBA
# steps
200:
400:
600:
800:
1000:
O. '000
0.8500
1 .4200
4.4000
0 . 9980
1000
m
m
mol/s
atm
pressure
conversion
rho
flow
reaction enthalpy
=
4.0596
=
0.5209
=
4.1394
=
2. 1582
= 27.5389
pressure
conversion
rho
flow
reaction enthalpy
=
=
=
=
3 . 5986
0.6965
3.2905
2.4071
36.8259
pressure
3.0254
conversion = 0 . 7816
rho
2 . 6354
flow
2.5277
reaction enthalpy
41 .3232
pressure
2.2844
conversien = 0.8289
1 .9401
rho =
flow
2.5947
reaction enthalpy = 43 . 8227
pressure
conversion
rhe
flow
reaction enthalpy
atm
Iq~/m3
mol/s
kW
xC BBA) =
xC MEK) =
xC H2)
=
0.3146
0.3434
0.3420
xC BBA)
xC MEK)
xC H2)
0.1787
0.4113
0.4101
xC BBA) =
xC MEK) =
xC H2)
0.1224
0.4393
0 . 4382
xC BBA)
x CMEK)
x( H2)
0.0935
0 . 4538
0.4527
x( BBA) =
x( MEK) =
x( H2)
=
0.07?8
0.4617
0.4606
atm
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
atm
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
atm
kg/m3
mol/s
kW
1 .0998 atm
=
0.8556
=
0.9265 kg/m3
=
2.6325 mol/s
= 45.2333 kW
A-6
VERSION 0484
SM
PROCESS
GENERAL DATA
TIlLE USER=]\
AND R'
, PROBLEM=MEK PURIF. ,PROJECT=FVO, DATE=E'ED87
DIMENSION SI,TEMP=C,PRESS=BAR
PRINl WTO PTION
COMPOriENl DATA
LIBID 1,MEK/2,SBUOH/3,~ATER
THERHODYNAMIC DATA
TYPE SYSTEH=SRK
SlREAM DATA
PROPERTY STRM=FD,PRESS=1.0,PHASE=L,*
COMP(M)=1,89.46/2,10.04/3,O.SO,NOCHECK,RATE(M)=72.07
UNIl OPERATIONS
COLUMN UID=ACOL,KPRINT
PARAMETER TRAY=20,FAST=5,SURE=30,DKDX
FEED FD,7
PRODUCT OVHD=ATOP,65,BTMS=ABOT,7.8
HEATER 1,20,4/2,1,-3
CONDENSER TYPE=3,PRESSURE=1.0
PSPEC TOP=1.01,DP=O.01
SPEC STRM=ATOP,COMP=1,1,FRACIION(Y) =0.99
VARIA3LE HEAT=1
PRIrJT TRAY=20
PLOT PROFIL~,XCOMP=1/2/3,YCOHP=1/2/3
ESTIMATE TTEMP=7S.0,CTEMP=7S.0,BTEMP=100,RTEMP=100
VERSION 0404
SIMULATION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEM MSK PURIF.
SM
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - ACOl
SOlUTION
UNIT
P~GE
A,
AND H
FE.JJ7
1 - ACOL"
FAST METHOD
SURE !1ETHOD
o
7
2 cOlurm SUMMARY
TRAY
TEMP
DEG C
1.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1.6
11
18
19
20
3
18.3
79.5
80.1
80.6
81.1
81.7
82.3
82.7
83.0
83.3
83.6
83.9
84.2
84.5
84.8
85.1
85.4
85.8
66.5
81.7
PRESSURE
BAR
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.1.1
1.18
1.19
NET
LIQUID
PHASE(L)
RATES, KG MOLS/Ha
HEAT (COOL) ER
VAPOR
DUTIES
PHASE(V}
FEED
PRODUCT MM KJ /HH
FLO~
59.7
59.7
59.5
59.3
59.1
58.9 ) /
131.7 .
1.31.8
131.9
132.1
132.2
132.3
132.4
132.5
132.5
132.5
132.5
132~3
131.8
92.1
92.1
92.0
91.8
91.6
91.3
92.1
92.2
92.3
92.5
92.6
92.7
92.8
92.8
92.9
92.9
92.9
92.7
92.2
32.5L
-3.0000
39.6L
3.0331
72.1L
MASS RATES
KG MOlS/HR
HEAT RAIES
0.72070E+02
0.91590E+00
0.39603E+02
0.32467E+02
o .58 0 7 9E +00
MM KJ
0.37439E+00
O.OOOOOE+OO
-0.62237E-02
4 SPECIFICATION VAlUES
:17
/Hf<
SPECIFIED
VALUE
0.9900E+00
CALCULATED
VALUE
0.9896E+00
VERSION 0404
SIMULATION SCIENCES. INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEN MeK PURIF.
SM
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - ACOL
SOLUTION
TRAY COMPOSITIONS
IIA
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
3 YATER
KG t10LS/HR
TRAY
COMPOHENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOB
3 \.lATER
KG HOLS/HR
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG HOLS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 HEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG MOLS/BR
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG
~10LS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG HOLS/HR
--------
PA GI::
9
A.
ANC R.
FEB67
--------
--------
--------
0.98l5E+OO
0.7347E-02
0.11l0E-Ol
Y
O.9615E+OO
O.7347E-02
o .1110E-Ol
o .9626E+00
0.l466E-Ol
0.2763E-02
Y
o .9611E+00
0.7344E-02
O.lllOE-Ol
O.5967E+02
0.3247E+02
o .5966E+02
O.9213E+02
--------
-------
--------
------y .
0.9747E+00
0.2367E-OI
o .1412E-02
Y
O.9617E+OO
O.1209E-Ol
O.5699E-Q2
0.9636E+00
O.3S25E-Ol
o .l19SE-02
O. 9766E +00
O.1603E-01
O.4629E-02
O.59S0E+02
0.92l2E+02
0.5930E+02
0.9l97E+02
--------
0.9497E+00
O.4909E-Ol
o .ll60E-02
------Y
0.9696E+OO
O.2S37E-Ol
0.4697E-02
O.9333E+00
0.6SS8E-Ol
o .llSSE-02
Y
0.9606E+00
O.3429E-Ol
O. 4663E -02
O.S909E+02
0.9l77E+02
o .5666E+02
O. 9lS5E +02
--------
--------
--------
--------
--------
e -------
X
0.9l4IE+OO
O.647lE-Ol
0.ll53E-02
Y
O.9504E+OO
0.4469E-Ol
O.4669E-02
0.9148E+OO
0.6460E-01
o .405lE-03
Y
O.9531E+OO
O.4Sl6E-01
o .1649E-02
0.l317E+03
0.9133E+02
0.l3l6E+03
O. 9207E +02
--------
--------
--------
10
--------
X
0.9l50E+OO
o .6466E-Ol
0.l424E-03
Y
0.9540E+00
0.4534E-Ol
0.579lE-03
0.9l50E+00
0.6493E-Ol
o .SOO7E-04
0.9542E+00
0.4S49E-01
0.2034E-03
0.13l9E+03
O.922lE+02
O.l32lE+03
O.9233E+02
--------
11
--------
Y.
--------
12
--------
0.9l50E+OO
o .6S00E-Ol
O.l763E-04
Y
O.9542E+OO
O.4563E-Ol
O.7l53E-04
X
O.9l49E+OO
o .6Sl0E-Ol
o .621SE-05
Y
o .954lE+00
O.4579E-01
O.2517E-04
o .1322E+03
O.9246E+02
o .1323E+03
0.9257E+02
VERSION 0484
SIHULATION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEM MSK PURIF.
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 HEK
2 SDUOH
3 WATER
KG 110lS/HR
TRAY
CDt1PONENT
1 HEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG
~1OlS/HR
TRAY
COHPONEN!
1 HEK
2 SBUOH
3 WATER
KG HOlS/HR
TRAY
COt1PONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
3 ~ATER
KG 110LS/HR
SH
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - ACOl
SOlUIION
--------
13
--------
PAGE 10
A.
AND R
fEB87
--------
--------
14
0.9147E+00
o.8527E-01
0.2193E-05
Y
0.9539E+00
0.4597E-01
O.8870E-05
X
0.9144E+00
0.8559E-01
0.7747E-06
Y
0.9536E+00
0.4624E-Ol
o. 3129E -05
0.1324E+03
0.9267E+02
0.1325E+03
0.9277E+02
--------
15
--------
--------
--------
16
X
0.9137E+00
0.8628E-Ol
0.2739E-06
Y.
0.9531E+00
O.4673E-Ol
O.110SE-05
X
0.9121E+OO
0.8791E-01
o .9682E-07
Y
0.9520E+00
O.477SE-Ol
0.3900E-06
0.1325E+03
0.9285E+02
0.1325E+03
O. 9291E+ 02
-_._ -----
--------
-------- 17 ------X
Y
0.9082E+00 0.9497E+00
0.9185E-01 o .5009E-01
0.3416E-07 0.1375E-06
X
O.8986E+00
o .1014E+00
0.1196E-07
0.9440E+00
0.5569E-Ol
0.4816E-07
0.9294E+02
0.1323E+03
0.9288E+02
0.1325E+03
--------
19
--------
18
--------
20
--------
0.8758E+00
o .1242E+00
o .40 84E-08
Y
0.9307E+00
0.6924E-01
o .1651E-07
X
0.8234E+00
o .1766E+00
o .1293E-08
Y
O. 8989E +00
o .1017E +00
0.5285E-08
0.1318E+03
0.9269E+02
0.3960E+02
0.9216E+02
PROCESS
SH
PAGE
Al .
SOLUIION
FEB67
STREAH SUMMARY
STREAH ID.
NAHE
PHASE
FROM UNIT/TRAY
Ta UNIT/TRA Y
FROM STREAt1
KG MOlS/HR
I~1PERATURE,
DEG C
PRESSURE, BAR
H, MM KJ /HR
H KJ /KG MOlE
KJ /KG
MOlE FRACT LIQUIO
11 KGS/HR
MOLECULAR ~EIGHT
STO LIQ
IB/HR
OEG API
SP GR
KGS/l-!3
UOP K
REOUCEO TEMP
REOUCED PRESS
ACENIRIC FACTOR
*:::VAPOR**
M KGS/HR
t10lECULAP. \JEIGHT
STO LIQ
M3/HR
STO M M3/HR
ACIUAL H H3/HR
ATOP
LIQUID
Ol 0
11 7
LIQUID
:IQUID
72.070
60.413
1.060
0.916
12.706
176.409
1.00000
39.603
87.652
1.190
0.581
14.665
202.361
1.00000
32.467
76.313
1.000
0.374
11.532
1G1.231
1.00000
5.192
72.040
6.423
43.193
0.6100
806.3293
10.632
0.659
0.025
0.350
2.670
72.464
3.551
43.231
0.6096
806.1536
10.649
0.674
0.029
0.369
2.322
71.522
2.672
'D.145
0.6102
808.5463
10.611
0.655
0.023
0.326
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
1/ 20
Ol 0
1/
0/
1
0
113
/KG MOL
O.OOOOE+OO
O.OOOOE+OO
O.OOOOE+OO
5.192
72.040
6.423
37.3663
6.487
611.761
0.00425
1.7423E+02
2.670
72.464
3.551
20.7729
4.716
606.261
0.00473
1.7913E+02
2.322
71.522
2.872
16.7752
3.610
609.462
0.00402
1.6861E+02
::::::~IQUID**
t1 KGS/BR
MOLECULAR \JEIGHT
STO LIQ
M3/HR
ACTUAL GPl1
H3/HR
KGS/H3
CP,KJ
ABOT
KGS/H
CP,KJ
FO
/KG Mal
/00
At~D
17
Fr
- - - -- - - - - - -- - --
A-7
VERSION 0484
PROCESS
SM
GENERAL DATA
TITLE USER=A
AND R
,PROBLEM=MEK PURIF.,PROJECT=FVO,DATE=FED87
OlMEN SION S1,TEMP=C,PRESS=BAR
PRINT WTOPTION
COMPONENT DATA
L1BIO 1,MEK/2,SBUOH
THERMOOYNAMIC DATA
TYPE SYSTEM=SRK
STREAM DATA
PROPERTY STRM=FD,PRESS=1.0,PHASE=L,~
COMP(M)=1,82.338/2,~7.662,NOCHECK,RA
TE(M)=39
.6032
UNIT OPERATIONS
COLUMN UID=BCOL,KPR1NT
PARAMETER TRAY=25,FAST=5,SURE=30,DKDX
FEED FD,7
_PRO DUCT OVHD=ATOP, 32.6 085, BTMS =ABOT , 6 .99" 7
HEATER 1,25 ,3/2 ,1,-4 .0
CONDENSER TYPE=3,PRESSURE=1.0
PSPEC TOP= 1.01, DP=0 .Ol
SPEC STRM=ABOT,COMP=2,2,FRACTION(W) =0.99
VARIABLE HEAT=l
PRINT TRAY=25
PLOT PROFILC,XCOMP=1/2,YCOMP=1/2
ESIINATE ITEMP=75.0,CTEMP=75.0,BTEMP=100,RTEMP=100
lOl
VERSION 0484
SIMULATION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEM MEK PURIF.
SM
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - BCOL
SOLUTION
UNIT
1 -
PAGE
8
AND R
FEB87
BCOL,
FAST HETHOO
SURE METHOO
o
4
COLUMN SUMMARY
TRAY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12 .
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
3
TEMP
PRESSURE
DEG C
BAR
79.4
79.8
80.3
80.8
81.4
82.1
82.9
83.2
83.6
84.1
84.6
85.4
86.4
87.9
89.9
92.3
95.0
97.5
99.7
101.4
102.6
103.5
104.2
104.7
105.1
1.00
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
1.22
1.23
1.24
116.9
114.8
113.3
112.3
111.7
111.3
111.1
111.0
123.4 '
123.2
123.0
122.7
122.3
121.7
122.1
122.1
122.0
121.8
121.3
120.6
119.4
117.5
115.2
112.5
110.0
108.0
106.5
105.5
104.8
104.5
104.3
104.2
10'2..
32.8L
-4.0000
6.8L
4.0153
39.6L
MASS RAIES
KG MOLS/HR
HEAT RATES
MM KJ IHR
0.39603E+02
0.54223E+00
0.68389E+01
0.32764E+02
o .17689E+00
o .3B061E+OO
O.OOOOOE+OO
0.15914E-04
VERSION 0484
SIMULATION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEH MEK PURIF.
SM
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - BCOL
SOLUTION
TRAY COMPOSITIONS
IIA
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HR
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG HOLS/HH
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HH
TRAY
COt1PONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG MOLS/HR
--------
PAGE 10
A.
AND R
FEB87
--------
--------
--------
0.9931E+OO
0.6903E-02
Y
0.9931E+00
0.6903E-02
X
0.9864E+00
0.1365E-01
Y
0.9931E+00
0.6903E-02
0.9059E+02
0.3276E+02
o .9045E+02
0.1234E+03
--------
0.9767E+OO
O.2326E-01
------Y
0.9881E+00
O.1185E-01
o.9633E+OO
0.3673E-01
-------Y
O.9811E+OO
O.1890E-01
O.9023E+02
O.1232E+03
0.8993E+02
0.1230E+03
--------
0.9448E+00
0.5518E-01
------Y
0.9712E+00
o.2876E-01
X
0.9202E+OO
0.1915E-01
Y
O. 9578E +00
0.4225E-01
0.8951E+02
O.1221E+03
0.8896E+02
0.1223E+03
--------
--------
--------
--------
--------
--------
--------
O.8887E+OO
0.1113E+00
Y
O.9399E+00
0.6015E-01
0.8856E+OO
o.1144E+OO
Y
O.9379E+OO
0.6207E-01
0.1289E+03
0.12l1E+03
0.l289E+03
0.l22lE+03
--------
X
0.8802E+00
0.1l98E+OO
------Y
0.93Q7E+00
0.6535E-01
X
0.8101E+00
0.l293E+00
-------Y
0.9290E+OO
o.1l05E-01
0.l288E+03
0.l22lE+03
o.l286E+03
o.1220E +03
--------
--------
-------
11
--------
10
12
--------
0.8543E+00
0.1457E+OO
Y
0.9l90E+00
O.8097E-Ol
0.8261E+00
o .l133E+00
Y
0.9019E+OO
0.98l0E-Ol
0.l282E+03
o.l2l8E+03
0.l27QE+03
0.12l3E+03
--------
-------
13
--------
14
-------Y
O.8260E+OO
O.1140E+OO
O.7818E+00
0.2182E+OO
Y
0.8130E+00
o.1210E+00
X
0.7l36E+OO
o.2864E+OO
0.1262E+03
o.1206E+03
o .l2Q4E+03 o .1194E+03
103
VERSION 0484
SIMULATION SCIENCES. INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEH HEK PURIF.
TRAY
COMPONEN::
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG HOLS/HR
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG .HOLS/HR
TRAY
CQt'1PONENT
1 MEK
2 SBUOH
KG
~mLS/HR
TRAY
COHPONENT
1 MEK
2 5BUOH
KG l10LS/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 5BUOH
KG MOL5/HR
TRAY
COMPONENT
1 MEK
2 5BUOH
KG MOLS/HR
SM
PROCESS
UNIT 1 - BCOL
SOLUTION
-------- 1S
--------
PAGE 11
AND R
FEB87
A
--------
--------
16
0.619SE+00
0.380SE+OO
Y
0.7S46E+00
O.24S4E+OO
o .SOSOE+OO
O.49S0E+00
Y
O.6SS7E+OO
O.3443E+OO
0.1220E+03
O.117SE+03
O.1194E+03
o .11S2E+03
-------
-------- 17
-------- 18
--------
O.3843E+00
o .61S7E+OO
Y
O.S3S1E+OO
0.4649E+00
O.2142E+OO
O.72SBE+00
Y
O.407SE+00
O.S924E+OO
0.1169E+03
0.112SE+03
o .1lC~8E+03
O.1100E+03
--------
-------- 19
--------
20
--------
0.18SSE+00
o .814SE+00
Y
0.2909E+OO
0.7091E+00
0.1206E+00
0.8194E+OO
Y
0.1961E+00
o .8032E+00
0.1133E+03
0.1080E+03
o .1123E+03
o .106SE+03
-------- 21
--------
--------
22
--------
0.7622E-01
0.9238E+00
Y
O.1277E+00
0.8723E+OO
O.4125E-01
O.9S27E+OO
Y
O. 80S2E -01
O. 9195E+ 00
0.1117E+03
o .105SE+03
o .1113E+03
0.1048E+03
--------
23
--------
--------
24
--------
o .288SE-01
0.9711E+00
Y
O.4967E-01
0.9S03E+OO
0.1731E-01
0.9826E+00
Y
0.3007E-01
0.9699E+00
0.1111E+03
O.104SE+03
0.1110E+03
O.1043E+03
--------
25
--------
o .l027E-Ol
0.9897E+OO
Y
o .1783E-Ol
O.9822E+00
O.6839E+01
O.10Q2E+03
VERSION 0484
SIMULATION SCIENCES, INC.
PROJECT FVO
PROBLEM MEK PURIF.
SM
PROCESS
PAGE
A. _
SOLUI10N
FEB87
STREAM SUMMARY
STREAH 10.
NAtiE
PHASE
FROM UNIT/TRA Y
TO UNIT/TRAY
FROM STREAM
FO
LIQUIO
1/
39.603
82.184
1.060
0.5'12
13.692
188.94'1
1.00000
6.839
105.093
1.240
0.177
25.865
3"9.041
1.00000
32.76"
79.378
1.000
0.381
11.617
161.068
1.00000
2.870
72.464
3.551
"3.231
0.8098
808.1538
10.6'19
0.663
0.025
0.369
0.507
74.103
0.627
"3.195
0.8100
.808.3179
10.805
0.706
0.030
0.576
2.363
72.122
2.92"
tB.238
0.8098
800.1187
10.616
0.658
0.024
0.326
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
O.OOOOE+OO
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.00000
O.OOOOE+OO
O.OOOOE+OO
2.870
72."64
3.551
20.5947
".678
613.525
0.00424
1.7730E+02
0.507
74.103
0.627
3.56"0
0.809
626.063
0.00467
2.1822E+02
2.363
72.122
2.92"
17.0973
3.883
608.521
0.0040"
1.7023E+02
M KGS/HR
MOLECULAR WEIGHI
STO LIQ
M3/HR
OEG API
SP GR
KGS/M3
UOP K
REDUCEO IEMP
REDUCEO PRESS
ACENIRIC FACTOR
**VAPOR**
M KGS/HR
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
SlO L1Q
H3/HR
SlO M M3/HR
ACIUAL M M3/HR
KGS/M
M3
Z
*::rLIQUIO~
M KGS/HR
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
SlO LIQ
M3/HR
ACIUAL GPM
M3/HR
KGS/M3
Z
CP,KJ
/KG MOL
LIQUIO
1/ 25
0/ 0
/KG
/KG MOL
LIQUID
CP,KJ
ATOP
0/
KG l-tOLS/HR
rEMPERATURE. DEG C
PRESSURE, BAR
H, MM KJ /HR
M KJ /KG MOLE
KJ
ABOT
/05
1/
0/
1
0
22
AND R'
A-8
Utility costs
Steam:
40.-/ton.
Electricity:
Costs: f 0.19/kWh.
Natural gas:
f 14.40/GJ.
Capacity
no.
kW
C.w. rate
m3 /hr
H2
489
21. 064
T3
5416
232.992
H4
506
21. 758
H18
1889
81. 281
H27
",2700
116.172
H32
220
9.464
H38
302
12.974
H40
21
0.891
H47
832
35.777
H55
1123
48.312
H57
59
2.556
H58
57
2.448
Total
585.689
3
/0
Capacity
Steam rate
no.
kW
ton/hr
H13
1.987
1305
T14
2.952
H19
0.041
H24
27
",1500
2.283
H30
",1200
1. 825
H44
843
1. 282
H52
1115
1. 697
Total
12.067
f 3,475,296
For
electricity
demand
the
in
(no
natural
Capacity
no.
kW
kg/hr
F36
225
21. 50
R37
668
63.82
Total case 1
acid-reconc.
85.32
9736
930.20
Total case 2
1015.52
4,205,674
7,839,617
In
10%
the
used
/o~
R _ G. .
D;~
T23
:-: re
: 1"'116
1-
:----~::J
:~~oy~,
to Sewer
St m
I
:::ftl:
nc ... '
H19
Hydrogen
Ing Wat.,.
H32
V33
[!!~
F ....'
C , GAS COMPRESSOfI
H 2 CONDENSOR
T 3 8UTENE A8SOReER
H 4 AC/O COOLER
P!I AC/O ~
11 8
C)o1
11 8
11 11
PlO
.. "
RECONCEHTRAT1ON IIUSEl
GAS-UOUO SE_OR
RECONCENTRATIOH IlESSEl
HYDAOLYSIS TANK
ACID PUMP
IlENTUIII SCR~R
HUnR
Sec. 8UTANOI. STRIPPER
PUMP
STOIIAGE
CAUSTIC SCRU8eER
CONlEHSOR
PREHUTER
l'O. -l'O. SE""'RATOR .
~
T 23
H24
P2!1
1128
H21
P28
OISTUATIQH C~
REIIOIl.ER
REFlUX PUMP
UO. l/O. SEP""'ATOR
COI;OENSOR
PUMP
Uil OISTUATIOH CCU~
~~~ER
H32 COOLER
1133 AlCOHol. SlORAGE
Pl~
Hl!l
F3e
Rl7
Hle
C)o
H~
H"'
P42
Hl
H~~
PUMP
HEAT EXCHANGER
FUANACE
MUlT' TUBUlAR REACTOR
CONDENSOR
GASllOiAO SEPARATQII
CONDENSOR
O)NDf.N!iOII
~
VESSEL
P", RE
FL UX PUMP
CONDENSOR
v~e
~7
PUMP
P"II PUMP
P~
REC'lClE
T~l DlSTIllATtON CQl.1"II.4N
H!l2 RE80ILER
P~l REFl.UX PUMP
V~ lIESSEL
H!I CONDENSOR
P~8
PUMP
A .H. Amer
R .F" . de Ruiter
OStreom na.
P!III PUMP
H~7 COOLER
H
COOLER
[IJ ~ In -C
@Pr.....
In
ar
~Yltem~
Errata
5
6
,//