Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Formula:
M ( D 2 +d 2 )
Ir =
2
I d=I r
T 20
T 21T 20
8 Id l
r 4 T 2o
Where,
Ir
=M.I. of ring
M =mass of ring
D= outer diameter of ring.
d= Inner diameter of ring.
Id
= M.I. of Disc
=Modulus of rigidity.
l =length of wire.
Observation : 1.Inner Diameter of Ring(d):_________
2. Outer diameter of ring (D):__________
3. Mass of Ring (m):____________
4.Radius of the wire:______________
Observation Table:
Obs.No Lengt
.
h of
wire
Time for
10Oscillatio
n
Period (Period
T=t/1 )
0
Result :
1.
Ir
2.
Id
3.
=_______________gm.cm2.
=_______________ gm.cm2.
= _______________dyne/cm2
_______________dyne/cm2
T 20
2
1
T T
2
0
Mea
n
Formula:
16 2 R 3
=
r4
1.
Y=
m
3
( )
M+
T2
2
2
32 2 NR 2 MD ( x x ' )
r4
( T 2T ' 2 )
M= mass of spring.
T=Periodic time.
Mo= Mass of each disc.
Observation table :A) To Determine of Spring.
Load
M(gm.
)
M+
m
3
Period
T2
M+
T2
Mean
100
200
300
400
500
B) To Determine Y of spring
Distance
of disc
from
center
x=
x=
Mean
Calculation:
Results:
1. Modulus of Rigidity=_________________ dyne/cm2
2. Modulus of Rigidity=_________________ dyne/cm2
3.
Youngs Modulus==_________________ dyne/cm2
t
T= 10
T2
m
3
Observation:
1. Meter scale : a) Range :__________ b) Least count:____________
2. Vernier caliper: a) Range :__________ b) Least count:____________ c)
Smallest division on main scale : ___________ d) Total no. of division on
vernier scale:_________
3. Micrometer screw guage: a) Range :__________ b) Least
count:____________ c) Smallest division on main scale : ___________ d)
Total no. of rotation to travel smallest division on main scale:_________
4. Travelling microscope: a) Range :__________ b) Least
count:____________ c) Smallest division on main scale : ___________ d)
Total no. of division on vernier scale:_________
5. Spectrometer : a) Range :__________ b) Least count:____________ c)
Smallest division on main scale : ___________ d) Total no. of division on
vernier scale:_________
6. Spherometer: a) Range :__________ b) Least count:____________ c)
Smallest division on main scale : ___________ d) Total no. of division on
circular scale:_________
Observation table:
1. Measurements using vernier scale:
Obs. No.
2.
Instruments
M.S.R. (a)
V.S.R(b)
L.C.
Total
Reading
L.C.
Total
Reading
Obs. No.
Instruments
M.S.R. (a)
V.S.R(b)
T.M.
M.S.R
focused at
L.S.R
Total
reading
Mean
Diameter
D=(d1-d2)
window
Circular
scale
reading
Result:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
meter scale:
Vernier caliper:
Micrometer Screw Guage :
Travelling Microscope:
Spectrometer:
Spherometer:
Vernier
scale
reading
L.C.
Total
reading
Angular
separation
=(1-2
SURFACE TENSION
Aim: To Determine the surface tension of water by Jaegers methods
Apparatus : Jaegers apparatus ,microscope, beaker, adjustable stand, etc.
Diagram:
Formula:
T=
r. g
( h . d . )
2
Where,
r=radius of capillary tube.
G= acceleration due to gravity.
=density of liquid in the beaker.
D= | AB|
R=d/2
For vertical
For horizontal
For measurement of height and depth:
H1
H2
H=
|H 1H 2|
Pointer
reading (X)
Capillary
reading(Y)
Result:
Surface tension of water by Jaegers method (T)= ________________.
D=X-Y
Formula:
R
= T
R0
Where,
=temperature coefficient of resistance.
RR0
= ( T T 0 )
R0
R=R [ 1+ ( T T 0 ) ]
Temperature
Result:
1. Slope
( dRT
dt )
Resistance R
Lees Method.
Aim: To find the co-efficient of thermal conductivity of bad conductor by lees
method.
Apparatus : Lees disc apparatus, two thermometers, circular disc of the specimen
of bad conductor, a stop watch a screw guage, vernier callliper, Etc.
Diagram:
Formula:
k=
m. s . d .
d
2
r ( 12 ) dt
( )
Observation:
1. Mass of metallic disc(m) :
2. Specific heat of metallic disc(s):
3. Steady temperature (1):
4. Steady temperature (2):
5. Radius of specimen disc(r):
Observation table:
Obs. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Time t sec
0
30
Temperature
Calculation:
Formula
1
1 T
= 2m l
= 2 m slope
= 2m l
By calculation.
1
...By graph.
Observation;
L.C. of micrometer screw guage =_________
Diameter of wire (d)=___________
Observation table:
Mass
Tension
attached T=mg
M gm. dyne
Resonating length
T
l
mean
100
150
200
250
300
350
Calculation:
Result:
1. Frequency of A.C. mains =___________________. (by calculation)
2. Frequency of A.C. mains =___________________.(by Graph)
Mean
Angle of Prism.
Aim: To determine the angle of prism of a given prism.
Apparatus: Spectrometer, spirit level, Flint glass prism, lens, etc.
Diagram:
Observation:
L.C. of Spectrometer=
Observation Table:
Sr. No.
Vernier
Reflectio
n from
face AB
Total
Reflectio
n from
face AC
Total
Differenc
e between
two
readings
Mean
Reading
(a)
1
2
Reading
(b)
of same
vernier
(2A)
V1
V2
Formula:
( A+2m )
A
sin ( )
2
sin
=
Where,
= Refractive index
Observation Table:
Colour
Wavelength
Reading
window
V1
Direct
Reading
V1
Angle of
minimum
index
deviation
(m)
Violet
Blue
Green 1
Green 2
Yellow1
Yellow2
Orange
red
Result: The Refractive index of given prism is __________.
Refractive
idex
Formula:
d=
n
sin
Where,
d = grating elements
Order of
diffractio
n
Sr. No.
Distance
D cm.
Distance
x cm
1
2
First(n=1) 3
4
5
6
Second
(n=2)
1
2
3
4
5
6
tan =
x
D
Mean
Observation Table:
A) For Charging of a capacitor:
R=150k
C= 1000F
Obs. No.
Voltage across
Time
capacitor(V)
(sec.)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
B) For Discharging of a capacitor:
R=100k
C=1000 F
Obs. No.
Voltage across
capacitor(V)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Calculation
1) Charging time constant : Rc*C =
2) Discharging time constant: R0*C=
Time
(sec.)
Result:
1) Charging= a) Rc*C time constant =
b) Rc*C time constant =
(by Calculation)
(by graph)
(by Calculation)
(by graph)