Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Faso
Engineering Ministries International Project 5488
Purpose
Light of Hope University has its name expressed in its logo. The symbol
of the university is actually two symbols combined: one of a lighthouse
shining out to the world and one of a road leading to that lighthouse.
The lighthouse is representative of Christ shining as a light
to the world. A Christian university among a predominantly
uneducated and Muslim region of Africa will indeed serve
as a light in the darkness.
See Appendix 1.1 for a list of program spaces along with their respec-
tive square meters.
New dormitory
Proposed Recommendations
EMI recommends using additional ground wells as a water supply for
the university. These wells would need to be drilled at least 30 meters
away, and preferably uphill, from any washroom or washing facility to
minimize the possibility of contamination. While the community and
university board must agree on a desired level of service, EMI recom-
mends the following conservative components as a basis for discus-
sion for the University’s water distribution system. EMI recommends
that the University constructs one well for the first two phases. This well
must be capable of providing flows to serve the 1,200 planned students
through Phase II. The university can then build additional wells on an
as-needed basis and conduct thorough tests during normal operation.
This will allow the wells to be used immediately and still give an accu-
rate, ongoing analysis of the aquifer’s performance. See Appendix 2.1
for two options for aquifer testing.
Today, Pastor Michel and his wife along with over 400 children
live at the Village of Hope adjacent to the proposed campus.
Note: This report and the drawings within are the current vision for the Light of Hope
University project. They represent final schematic design documents rather than con-
struction documents. As such, design professionals must be consulted to continue the
design, modify it as necessary, and create a comprehensive set of drawings that can
be used for construction.
Before deciding exact storage tank sizes or how many wells to drill,
there must be a consensus on the desired level of service. Water us-
age sources for developing areas recommend designing for 150 liters
per capita per day (LPCPD)1. This would generally allow for basic water
use, including bathing, cooking, and lavatory requirements. However,
sources at the Village of Hope recommend 420 LPCPD, which is based
on experience of average university students’ water usage. The design
water usage would dramatically affect the required number of wells,
and in turn, the storage requirements, and even piping sizes. For in-
stance, at 150 LPCPD, a system storage capacity of 4,500 m3 would
be required to supply one day of water for 30,000 without the pumps
running; however, at 420 LPCPD, 12,600 m3 for water storage is neces-
sary.
Enrollment capita 500 1500 7500 22500 500 1500 7500 22500
Per captia wastewater contribution lcd 80 80 80 80 336 336 336 336
Per capita BOD 5/ contribution gcd 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
Total infiltration to sewers estimated at m^3 / day 5 15 75 225 5 15 75 225
Influent bacterial concentration assumed FC / 100 ml 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07 5.00E+07
Mean minimum month temperature. °C 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
Effluent Standard required for unrestricted irrigation mg / l 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Effluent Standard required for unrestricted irrigation FC / 100 ml 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Sewage flow m^3 / day 40 120 600 1800 168 504 2520 7560
Sewage flow plus infiltration m^3 / day 45 135 675 2025 173 519 2595 7785
Total Organic Load kg 20 60 300 900 20 60 300 900
Influent BOD 5/ Concentration mg / l 444 444 444 444 116 116 116 116
Anaerobic volumetric loading. kg BOD 5//m^3/d 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.167
Volume of Ponds m^3 120 359 1796 5389 120 359 1796 5389
Check of detetion time based on loading rate and flow days 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Increase to 2 if several month's temps are below 20C days 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
Revised volume of ponds m^3 121.5 364.5 1822.5 5467.5 467.1 1401.3 7006.5 21019.5
Assumed number of ponds to split volume into. # of ponds 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Assumed operational depth m 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Assumed width m 3 5 11 18 5 9 21 36
Assumed length m 6 10 21 37 11 19 42 72
Assumed operational depth ft 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13
Assumed width ft 9 16 35 61 18 31 69 119
Assumed length ft 18 31 70 121 35 61 137 238
Reserve Ponds # of ponds 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Total Pond Area m^2 46 137 683 2050 175 525 2627 7882
Total Pond Area acres 0.011 0.034 0.169 0.507 0.043 0.130 0.649 1.948
kg BOD 5/ha/day 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260
Removal rate of anaerobic pond. 54% 54% 54% 54% 54% 54% 54% 54%
Influent BOD 5 to facultative pond. mg/l 207 207 207 207 54 54 54 54
Pond area m^2 358 1,073 5,365 16,096 358 1,073 5,365 16,096
Assumed depth m 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75
Assumed volume m^3 626 1,878 9,389 28,168 626 1,878 9,389 28,168
Detention time of facultative pond days 13.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
Pond area acres 0.1 0.3 1.3 4.0 0.1 0.3 1.3 4.0
Probable BOD 5/ removal of Facultative Pond 78% 78% 78% 78% 78% 78% 78% 78%
Cumulative removal 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91% 91%
V. Maturation Ponds
FC removal rate day^(-1) 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875 1.29653875
Assumed number of ponds in series # of ponds 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Assumed detention time days 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Bacterial concentration of effluent FC / 100 ml 1393 1393 1393 1393 4659 4659 4659 4659
Probable cumulative percentage removal an+fac+ 3*mat 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95% 95%
Effluent BOD 5/ mg / l 22 22 22 22 6 6 6 6
Maturation Pond Volume (Each) m^3 225 675 3375 10125 865 2595 12975 38925
Assumed depth m 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
Maturation Pond Area (Each) m^2 150 450 2250 6750 576.666667 1730 8650 25950
Assumed depth ft 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9
Maturation Pond Area (Each) acres 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.7 0.1 0.4 2.1 6.4
Total of all three pond areas acres 0.21084302 0.63252905 3.16264526 9.48793578 0.55916138 1.67748414 8.38742069
References:
1. Basis of Design
2. 100 liters/capita/day, with 80% making it to sewage. World Bank, WTP7: Notes on the Design and Operation of Waste Stabilization Ponds in Warm Climates of Developing Countries.
(Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 1983), 8
3. BBC Weather, BBC – Weather Center – World Weather – Average Conditions - Ouagadougou, available from http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT000760;
Internet, accessed 27, July 2009
4. World Bank, WTP7: Notes on the Design and Operation of Waste Stabilization Ponds in Warm Climates of Developing Countries. (Washington, D.C.: The World Bank, 1983), 10.
5. Ibid, 18.
6. Ibid, 19.
7. Ibid, 23.
8. Ibid, 20 - 21.