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17. INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS


Some important formulae
1.


sin 1 sin y y, y ,
2 2

2.

cos 1 cos y y , y 0,

3.

tan 1 tan y y , y ,
2 2

4.

cot 1 cot y y , y 0,

5.

sec 1 sec y y, y 0,

7.

sin sin 1 x x, x 1,1

9.
11.

tan tan
sec sec

1
1

x x, x R
x x, x R 1,1

cos ec

x cos ec

19. sin 1 x cos ec 1

cot 1

1
cot 1
x

1
21. tan x

23. sec 1 x cos 1

x, x R 1,1

ifx 0
ifx 0

x x, x R

cos ec cos ec x x, x R 1,1


1

16. cot 1 x cot 1 x, x R

1
, 1,1 0
x

1
x

cos cos 1 x x, x 1,1

14. cos 1 1 cos 1 x, x 1,1

17. sec 1 x sec 1 x, x R 1,1


1

8.

12.

tan 1 x tan 1 x., x R


1


cos ec 1 cos ecy y, y , 0
2 2

10. cot cot

13. sin 1 x sin 1 x, x 1,1


15.

6.

18.
20. cos 1 x sec 1

tan 1

tan 1

1
22. cot x

1
, x R 1,1
x

1
x

1
, x 1,1 0
x

ifx 0
1

ifx 0

24. cos ec 1 x sin 1

, x 1,1
2

27. sec 1 x cos ec 1 x , x R 1,1


2
25. sin 1 x cos 1 x

26.

1
, x R 1,1
x

tan 1 x cot 1 x

, x R
2

x y

-1
-1
-1 1 xy
28. If x>0,y>0 and xy< l, then tan x +tan y=tan
x y

29. If x>0,y>0 and xy> l, then tan-1 x +tan-1 y=+tan-1 1 xy


x y

30. tan-1 x-tan-1 y=tan-1 1 xy for all x>0,y>0

31. Putting y=x in (28), we get 2 tan-1 x=tan-1

2x
for all x>0 and x2<1
1 x2

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32. Putting y=x in (29), we get 2 tan-1 x= +tan-1

2x
for all x>0 and x2>1
1 x2

33.

sin 1 x sin 1 y sin 1 x 1 y 2 y 1 x 2

34.

cos 1 x cos 1 y cos 1 xy

35.

2 sin

x sin

2x 1 x

1 x2

1 y 2

36. 2 cos 1 x cos 1 2 x 2 1

x y z xyz

1 xy yz zx

1
1
1
1
37. tan x tan y tan z tan

3x x 3
2
1 3x

38. Putting y=z=x in statement (37), we get 3 tan-1 x=tan-1

2x

2
1 x

1
1
39. 2 tan x sin

1 x2
2
1 x

1
1
40. 2 tan x cos

Multiple Choice Questions


1. If x = 1/5 , the value of cos (cos-1 x + 2 sin-1x) is
c. -1/5
a.
24 / 25
d. 1/5
b.
24 / 25
-1
-1
2. tan (1/11) + tan (2/12) is equal to
a. tan-1 (33/132)
c. tan-1(132/33)
-1
b. tan (1/2)
d. none of these
3. The value of sin-1 (sin 10) is
a. 10
b.3-10
c. 10 -3
-1
-1
-1
-1
4. If sin x + sin y = 2/3, then cos x + cos y is equal to
a. 2/3
b./3
c. /6
5. Sin-1(1 - x) 2 sin-1 x = /2, then x is equal to
a. 0,1/2
b.1, 1/2
c. 0
6. If x, y, z are in G.P., tan-1 x, tan-1 y, tan-1 z are in A.P., then
a. x = y = z or y 1
b.x = 1/z
c. x = y = z, but their common value is not necessary 0
d.x + z = y
7. If cos-1 x + cos-1(y/2) = , then 4x2 4xy cos + y2 is equal to
a. 4 sin2
b. 4 sin2
c. 2 sin2
-1
-1
8. If sin (x/5) + cosec (5/4) = /2 then a values of x is
a. 1
b.3
c. 4
9. tan-1 (1/4) + tan -1 (2/9) is equal to
a. (1/2) cos-1 (3/5)
b. sin-1(4/5)
c. (1/2) tan-1 (3/5)

d.None

d.1/2

d.4
d.5
d.

tan-1(8/9)

2x
-1
2 = 2 tan x for
1 x

10. sin-1
a.
b.

x 1

c.
d.

x0

x 1

all x

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11. cot-1 [(cos )1/2] tan-1 [(cos )1/2] = x then sin x =


a. tan2 (/2)
b. cot2(/2)
c. tan
12. The trigonometric equation sin-1 x = 2 sin-1a has a solution for
a. all real values of a
1
a
c.
1
2
a
b.
2
1
1
a
d.
2
2
-1
-1
13. If x > 0, y > 0 and x > y, then tan (x/y) + tan [(x+y)/(x-y)] is equal to
a. - /4
c. 3/4
d. None of these
b. /4
-1
-1
14. The principal value of sin (- 3 / 2 ) + cos cos (7/6) is
a. 5/6
c. 3/2
d. None of these
b. /2
-1
-1
-1
15. The value of cos (-1/2) -2 sin (1/2) + 3 cos (-1/ 2 ) 4 tan-1 (-1) is equal to
7
11

a.
b.
c.
4
4
2
16. sec2 (tan-1 2) + cosec2 (cot-1 3) is equal to
a. 1
b. 5
c. 10
17. The equation 2 cos-1 x = sin-1 (2 x 1 x 2 ) is valid for all values of x satisfying
a. -1 x 1
c. 0 x 1/ 2
b. 0 x 1
d. 1/ 2 x 1
1
18. If tan

a.

d.

cot

d.

25
2

d.

1
1`
1
1
tan 1
tan 1
... tan 1
tan 1 , then =
1 2
1 ( 2)(3)
1 (3)(4)
1 n( n 1)

n
n 1

b.

n 1
n2

c.

1
1
1 x
19. Statement 1: If
x 1. then cos x cos
2
2

n
n2

d.

n 1
n2

3 3x 2
/3
2

1 / 2 ,1 / 2

Statement 2: sin-1(2x 1 x 2 ) = 2 sin-1 x if x


20. Statement 1: cosec-1 (3/2) + cos-1(2/3) 2 cot-1(1/7) - cot-1 7 is equal to cot -1 7.
Statement 2: sin-1 x + cos-1 x = /2, tan-1 x+ cot-1 x = /2
Cosec-1 (x) = sin-1 (1/x), cot-1 x = tan-1 (1/x) 1 x 1, x 0
21. Statement 1: If x =

1
5 2

, then { x cos (cot-1 x ) + sin (cot-1 x)2} = 51/50

1
4
29
1
sin 1
Statement-2: tan cos
3
5 2
7

22. Statement 1: if sin-1 x + cos-1(1-x) = sin-1 (-x), then x satisfies the equation
2x2 -3x = 0
-1
-1
Statement 2: Sin (x) + sin (-x) = 0
23. If cosec-1 x = 2cot-1 7 + cos-1 (3/5) then the value of x is
a. 44/117
b. 125/117
c. 24/7
d. 5/3
24. If tan-1 y = 4 tan-1 x, then 1/y is zero for
a. x = 1 2
c. 3 2 2
d. all values of x
b. x = 2 3
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25. 3 cos-1 x - x - /2 = 0 has


a. has solution
b. one and only one solution

c.
d.

26. x = n- tan-1 3 is solution of the equation 12 tan 2x +


a.
b.

no solution
more than one solution

10
+ 1 = 0 if
cos x

n is any integer
n is an even integer

c.
d.

n is a positive integer
n is an odd integer

27. If sin-1 x + sin-1 y + sin-1 z = 3/2 , then the value of x100 + y100 + z100 28.

29.
30.

31.
32.

33.
34.

9
is
x 101 y 101 z 101

a. -1
b. 0
c. 1
d. 3
-1
1
2
x ( x 1) sin
x x 1 /2 is
The number of real solutions of tan
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. infinite
Statement 1: If x2 px + q = 0 , where p is twice the tangent of the arithmetic mean of sin -1 x and cos-1 x,
q is the geometric mean of tan-1 x and cot-1 x, then x =1
Statement 2: tan (sin-1 x + cos-1 x) = 1
Statement 1: if , are the roots of the equations
18(tan-1 x)2 9 tan-1 x + 2 = 0, then + = 4/ 3 .
Statement 2: sec2 (cos-1(1/4)) + cosec2 (sin-1(1/5)) = 41.
Statement 1 : sin-1 tan (tan-1 x + tan-1(1-x)) = /2 has non non-zero integral solution
Statement 2: The greatest and least value of (sin-1 x)3 + (cos-1 x)3 are respectively 73/8 and 3/32
1
3
1 1
Statement 1: cos cos
2
4.
8
1 x
Statement 2: If cos = x, then cos (/2) =
2
-1
-1
Statement 1: Sin cot tan cos 3 / 13 3 / 13
Statement 2: If = cos-1(4/5), then cos-1 (44/125) = - 3
cot-1[(cos )1/2] tan-1 [(cos )1/2] = x, then sin x =
a. tan2 (/2)
b. cot2 (/2)
c. tan
d. cot

35. The value of cot (cosec-1(5/3) + tan-1(2/3)) is


a. 5/17
b. 6/17
c. 3/17
d. 4/17

Answers
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