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CHAPTERIII.
1.Thevow(ofstudying)thethreeVedasunderateachermustbekeptforthirtysixyears,orforhalfthat
time,orforaquarter,oruntilthe(student)hasperfectlylearntthem.
2.(Astudent)whohasstudiedindueorderthethreeVedas,ortwo,orevenoneonly,withoutbreaking
the(rulesof)studentship,shallentertheorderofhouseholders.
3.Hewhoisfamousfor(thestrictperformanceof)hisdutiesandhasreceivedhisheritage,theVeda,
fromhisfather,shallbehonoured,sittingonacouchandadornedwithagarland,with(thepresentof)a
cow(andthehoneymixture).
4.Havingbathed,withthepermissionofhisteacher,andperformedaccordingtotherulethe
Samavartana(theriteonreturninghome),atwicebornmanshallmarryawifeofequalcastewhois
endowedwithauspicious(bodily)marks.
5.AdamselwhoisneitheraSapindaonthemother'sside,norbelongstothesamefamilyonthefather's
side,isrecommendedtotwicebornmenforwedlockandconjugalunion.
6.Inconnectinghimselfwithawife,lethimcarefullyavoidthetenfollowingfamilies,betheyeverso
great,orrichinkine,horses,sheep,grain,or(other)property,
7.(Viz.)onewhichneglectsthesacredrites,oneinwhichnomalechildren(areborn),oneinwhichthe
Vedaisnotstudied,one(themembersof)whichhavethickhaironthebody,thosewhicharesubjectto
hemorrhoids,phthisis,weaknessofdigestion,epilepsy,orwhiteorblackleprosy.
8.Lethimnotmarryamaiden(with)reddish(hair),noronewhohasaredundantmember,noronewho
issickly,noroneeitherwithnohair(onthebody)ortoomuch,noronewhoisgarrulousorhasred
(eyes),
9.Noronenamedafteraconstellation,atree,orariver,noronebearingthenameofalowcaste,orofa
mountain,noronenamedafterabird,asnake,oraslave,noronewhosenameinspiresterror.
10.Lethimwedafemalefreefrombodilydefects,whohasanagreeablename,the(graceful)gaitofa
Hamsaorofanelephant,amoderate(quantityof)haironthebodyandonthehead,smallteeth,andsoft
limbs.
11.Butaprudentmanshouldnotmarry(amaiden)whohasnobrother,noronewhosefatherisnot
known,throughfearlest(intheformercaseshebemade)anappointeddaughter(andinthelatter)lest
(heshouldcommit)sin.
12.Forthefirstmarriageoftwicebornmen(wives)ofequalcastearerecommendedbutforthosewho
throughdesireproceed(tomarryagain)thefollowingfemales,(chosen)accordingtothe(direct)order
(ofthecastes),aremostapproved.
13.ItisdeclaredthataSudrawomanalone(canbe)thewifeofaSudra,sheandoneofhisowncaste
(thewives)ofaVaisya,thosetwoandoneofhisowncaste(thewives)ofaKshatriya,thosethreeand
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oneofhisowncaste(thewives)ofaBrahmana.
14.ASudrawomanisnotmentionedeveninany(ancient)storyasthe(first)wifeofaBrahmanaorofa
Kshatriya,thoughtheylivedinthe(greatest)distress.
15.Twicebornmenwho,intheirfolly,wedwivesofthelow(Sudra)caste,soondegradetheirfamilies
andtheirchildrentothestateofSudras.
16.AccordingtoAtriandto(Gautama)thesonofUtathya,hewhowedsaSudrawomanbecomesan
outcast,accordingtoSaunakaonthebirthofason,andaccordingtoBhriguhewhohas(male)offspring
froma(Sudrafemale,alone).
17.ABrahmanawhotakesaSudrawifetohisbed,will(afterdeath)sinkintohellifhebegetsachild
byher,hewilllosetherankofaBrahmana.
18.Themanesandthegodswillnoteatthe(offerings)ofthatmanwhoperformstheritesinhonourof
thegods,ofthemanes,andofguestschieflywitha(Sudrawife's)assistance,andsuch(aman)willnot
gotoheaven.
19.ForhimwhodrinksthemoistureofaSudra'slips,whoistaintedbyherbreath,andwhobegetsason
onher,noexpiationisprescribed.
20.Nowlistento(the)brief(descriptionof)thefollowingeightmarriageritesusedbythefourcastes
(varna)whichpartlysecurebenefitsandpartlyproduceevilbothinthislifeandafterdeath.
21.(Theyare)theriteofBrahman(Brahma),thatofthegods(Daiva),thatoftheRishis(Arsha),thatof
Pragapati(Pragapatya),thatoftheAsuras(Asura),thatoftheGandharvas(Gandharva),thatofthe
Rhashasas(Rakshasa),andthatofthePisakas(Paisaka).
22.Whichislawfulforeachcaste(varna)andwhicharethevirtuesorfaultsofeach(rite),allthisIwill
declaretoyou,aswellastheirgoodandevilresultswithrespecttotheoffspring.
23.Onemayknowthatthefirstsixaccordingtotheorder(followedabove)arelawfulforaBrahmana,
thefourlastforaKshatriya,andthesamefour,exceptingtheRakshasarite,foraVaisyaandaSudra.
24.Thesagesstatethatthefirstfourareapproved(inthecase)ofaBrahmana,one,theRakshasa(ritein
thecase)ofaKshatriya,andtheAsura(marriageinthat)ofaVaisyaandofaSudra.
25.Butinthese(Institutesofthesacredlaw)threeofthefive(last)aredeclaredtobelawfulandtwo
unlawfulthePaisakaandtheAsura(rites)mustneverbeused.
26.ForKshatriyasthosebeforementionedtworites,theGandharvaandtheRakshasa,whetherseparate
ormixed,arepermittedbythesacredtradition.
27.Thegiftofadaughter,afterdeckingher(withcostlygarments)andhonouring(herbypresentsof
jewels),toamanlearnedintheVedaandofgoodconduct,whom(thefather)himselfinvites,iscalled
theBrahmarite.
28.Thegiftofadaughterwhohasbeendeckedwithornaments,toapriestwhodulyofficiatesata
sacrifice,duringthecourseofitsperformance,theycalltheDaivarite.
29.When(thefather)givesawayhisdaughteraccordingtotherule,afterreceivingfromthebridegroom,
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for(thefulfilmentof)thesacredlaw,acowandabullortwopairs,thatisnamedtheArsharite.
30.Thegiftofadaughter(byherfather)afterhehasaddressed(thecouple)withthetext,'Maybothof
youperformtogetheryourduties,'andhasshownhonour(tothebridegroom),iscalledintheSmritithe
Pragapatyarite.
31.When(thebridegroom)receivesamaiden,afterhavinggivenasmuchwealthashecanafford,tothe
kinsmenandtothebrideherself,accordingtohisownwill,thatiscalledtheAsurarite.
32.Thevoluntaryunionofamaidenandherloveronemustknow(tobe)theGandharvarite,which
springsfromdesireandhassexualintercourseforitspurpose.
33.Theforcibleabductionofamaidenfromherhome,whileshecriesoutandweeps,after(her
kinsmen)havebeenslainorwoundedand(theirhouses)brokenopen,iscalledtheRakshasarite.
34.When(aman)bystealthseducesagirlwhoissleeping,intoxicated,ordisorderedinintellect,thatis
theeighth,themostbaseandsinfulriteofthePisakas.
35.ThegiftofdaughtersamongBrahmanasismostapproved,(ifitispreceded)by(alibationof)water
butinthecaseofothercastes(itmaybeperformed)by(theexpressionof)mutualconsent.
36.Listennowtome,yeBrahmanas,whileIfullydeclarewhatqualityhasbeenascribedbyManuto
eachofthesemarriagerites.
37.ThesonofawifeweddedaccordingtotheBrahmarite,ifheperformsmeritoriousacts,liberates
fromsintenancestors,tendescendantsandhimselfasthetwentyfirst.
38.Thesonbornofawife,weddedaccordingtotheDaivarite,likewise(saves)sevenancestorsand
sevendescendants,thesonofawifemarriedbytheArsharitethree(intheascendinganddescending
lines),andthesonofawifemarriedbytheriteofKa(Pragapati)six(ineitherline).
39.Fromthefourmarriages,(enumerated)successively,whichbeginwiththeBrahmaritespringsons,
radiantwithknowledgeoftheVedaandhonouredbytheSishtas(goodmen).
40.Endowdedwiththequalitiesofbeautyandgoodness,possessingwealthandfame,obtainingasmany
enjoymentsastheydesireandbeingmostrighteous,theywillliveahundredyears.
41.Butfromtheremaining(four)blamablemarriagesspringsonswhoarecruelandspeakersofuntruth,
whohatetheVedaandthesacredlaw.
42.Intheblamelessmarriagesblamelesschildrenareborntomen,inblamable(marriages)blamable
(offspring)oneshouldthereforeavoidtheblamable(formsofmarriage).
43.Theceremonyofjoiningthehandsisprescribedfor(marriageswith)womenofequalcaste(varna)
knowthatthefollowingrule(applies)toweddingswithfemalesofadifferentcaste(varna).
44.OnmarryingamanofahighercasteaKshatriyabridemusttakeholdofanarrow,aVaisyabrideof
agoad,andaSudrafemaleofthehemofthe(bridegroom's)garment.
45.Let(thehusband)approachhiswifeindueseason,beingconstantlysatisfiedwithher(alone)hemay
also,beingintentonpleasingher,approachherwithadesireforconjugalunion(onanyday)excepting
theParvans.
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46.Sixteen(daysand)nights(ineachmonth),includingfourdayswhichdifferfromtherestandare
censuredbythevirtuous,(arecalled)thenaturalseasonofwomen.
47.Butamongthesethefirstfour,theeleventhandthethirteenthare(declaredtobe)forbiddenthe
remainingnightsarerecommended.
48.Ontheevennightssonsareconceivedanddaughtersontheunevenoneshenceamanwhodesiresto
havesonsshouldapproachhiswifeindueseasonontheeven(nights).
49.Amalechildisproducedbyagreaterquantityofmaleseed,afemalechildbytheprevalenceofthe
femaleif(bothare)equal,ahermaphroditeoraboyandagirlif(bothare)weakordeficientin
quantity,afailureofconception(results).
50.Hewhoavoidswomenonthesixforbiddennightsandoneightothers,is(equalinchastityto)a
student,inwhicheverorderhemaylive.
51.Nofatherwhoknows(thelaw)musttakeeventhesmallestgratuityforhisdaughterforamanwho,
throughavarice,takesagratuity,isasellerofhisoffspring.
52.Butthose(male)relationswho,intheirfolly,liveontheseparatepropertyofwomen,(e.g.
appropriate)thebeastsofburden,carriages,andclothesofwomen,commitsinandwillsinkintohell.
53.Somecallthecowandthebull(given)atanArshawedding'agratuity'(but)thatiswrong,since(the
acceptanceof)afee,beitsmallorgreat,isasale(ofthedaughter).
54.Whentherelativesdonotappropriate(fortheiruse)thegratuity(given),itisnotasale(inthatcase)
the(gift)isonlyatokenofrespectandofkindnesstowardsthemaidens.
55.Womenmustbehonouredandadornedbytheirfathers,brothers,husbands,andbrothersinlaw,who
desire(theirown)welfare.
56.Wherewomenarehonoured,therethegodsarepleasedbutwheretheyarenothonoured,nosacred
riteyieldsrewards.
57.Wherethefemalerelationsliveingrief,thefamilysoonwhollyperishesbutthatfamilywherethey
arenotunhappyeverprospers.
58.Thehousesonwhichfemalerelations,notbeingdulyhonoured,pronounceacurse,perish
completely,asifdestroyedbymagic.
59.Hencemenwhoseek(theirown)welfare,shouldalwayshonourwomenonholidaysandfestivals
with(giftsof)ornaments,clothes,and(dainty)food.
60.Inthatfamily,wherethehusbandispleasedwithhiswifeandthewifewithherhusband,happiness
willassuredlybelasting.
61.Forifthewifeisnotradiantwithbeauty,shewillnotattractherhusbandbutifshehasnoattractions
forhim,nochildrenwillbeborn.
62.Ifthewifeisradiantwithbeauty,thewholehouseisbrightbutifsheisdestituteofbeauty,allwill
appeardismal.
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63.Bylowmarriages,byomitting(theperformanceof)sacredrites,byneglectingthestudyoftheVeda,
andbyirreverencetowardsBrahmanas,(great)familiessinklow.
64.By(practising)handicrafts,bypecuniarytransactions,by(begetting)childrenonSudrafemalesonly,
by(tradingin)cows,horses,andcarriages,by(thepursuitof)agricultureandbytakingserviceundera
king,
65.Bysacrificingformenunworthytooffersacrificesandbydenying(thefuturerewardsforgood)
works,families,deficientinthe(knowledgeofthe)Veda,quicklyperish.
66.ButfamiliesthatarerichintheknowledgeoftheVeda,thoughpossessinglittlewealth,arenumbered
amongthegreat,andacquiregreatfame.
67.Withthesacredfire,kindledatthewedding,ahouseholdershallperformaccordingtothelawthe
domesticceremoniesandthefive(great)sacrifices,and(withthat)heshalldailycookhisfood.
68.Ahouseholderhasfiveslaughterhouses(asitwere,viz.)thehearth,thegrindingstone,thebroom,
thepestleandmortar,thewatervessel,byusingwhichheisbound(withthefettersofsin).
69.Inordertosuccessivelyexpiate(theoffencescommittedbymeans)ofallthese(five)thegreatsages
haveprescribedforhouseholdersthedaily(performanceofthefive)greatsacrifices.
70.Teaching(andstudying)isthesacrifice(offered)toBrahman,the(offeringsofwaterandfoodcalled)
Tarpanathesacrificetothemanes,theburntoblationthesacrificeofferedtothegods,theBalioffering
thatofferedtotheBhutas,andthehospitablereceptionofgueststheofferingtomen.
71.Hewhoneglectsnotthesefivegreatsacrifices,whileheisable(toperformthem),isnottaintedby
thesins(committed)inthefiveplacesofslaughter,thoughheconstantlylivesinthe(orderof)house(
holders).
72.Buthewhodoesnotfeedthesefive,thegods,hisguests,thosewhomheisboundtomaintain,the
manes,andhimself,livesnot,thoughhebreathes.
73.Theycall(these)fivesacrificesalso,Ahuta,Huta,Prahuta,Brahmyahuta,andPrasita.
74.Ahuta(notofferedinthefire)isthemuttering(ofVedictexts),Hutatheburntoblation(offeredtothe
gods),Prahuta(offeredbyscatteringitontheground)theBaliofferinggiventotheBhutas,Brahmya
huta(offeredinthedigestivefireofBrahmanas),therespectfulreceptionofBrahmana(guests),and
Prasita(eaten)the(dailyoblationtothemanes,called)Tarpana.
75.Let(everyman)inthis(secondorder,atleast)dailyapplyhimselftotheprivaterecitationofthe
Veda,andalsototheperformanceoftheofferingtothegodsforhewhoisdiligentintheperformance
ofsacrifices,supportsboththemovableandtheimmovablecreation.
76.Anoblationdulythrownintothefire,reachesthesunfromthesuncomesrain,fromrainfood,
therefromthelivingcreatures(derivetheirsubsistence).
77.Asalllivingcreaturessubsistbyreceivingsupportfromair,evenso(themembersof)allorders
subsistbyreceivingsupportfromthehouseholder.
78.Becausemenofthethree(other)ordersaredailysupportedbythehouseholderwith(giftsof)sacred
knowledgeandfood,therefore(theorderof)householdersisthemostexcellentorder.
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79.(Thedutiesof)thisorder,whichcannotbepractisedbymenwithweakorgans,mustbecarefully
observedbyhimwhodesiresimperishable(blissin)heaven,andconstanthappinessinthis(life).
80.Thesages,themanes,thegods,theBhutas,andguestsaskthehouseholders(forofferingsandgifts)
hencehewhoknows(thelaw),mustgivetothem(whatisduetoeach).
81.Lethimworship,accordingtotherule,thesagesbytheprivaterecitationoftheVeda,thegodsby
burntoblations,themanesbyfuneralofferings(Sraddha),menby(giftsof)food,andtheBhutasbythe
Balioffering.
82.Lethimdailyperformafuneralsacrificewithfood,orwithwater,oralsowithmilk,roots,andfruits,
and(thus)pleasethemanes.
83.LethimfeedevenoneBrahmanainhonourofthemanesat(theSraddha),whichbelongstothefive
greatsacrificesbutlethimnotfeedonthat(occasion)anyBrahmanaonaccountoftheVaisvadeva
offering.
84.ABrahmanashallofferaccordingtotherule(ofhisGrihyasutraaportion)ofthecookedfood
destinedfortheVaisvadevainthesacreddomesticfiretothefollowingdeities:
85.FirsttoAgni,and(next)toSoma,thentoboththesegodsconjointly,furthertoallthegods(Visve
Devah),and(then)toDhanvantari,
86.FurthertoKuhu(thegoddessofthenewmoonday),toAnumati(thegoddessofthefullmoonday),
toPragapati(thelordofcreatures),toheavenandearthconjointly,andfinallytoAgniSvishtakrit(the
firewhichperformsthesacrificewell).
87.Afterhavingthusdulyofferedthesacrificialfood,lethimthrowBaliofferingsinalldirectionsofthe
compass,proceeding(fromtheeast)tothesouth,toIndra,Yama,Varuna,andSoma,aswellastothe
servants(ofthesedeities).
88.Saying,'(Adoration)totheMaruts,'heshallscatter(somefood)nearthedoor,and(some)inwater,
saying,'(Adorationtothewaters'heshallthrow(some)onthepestleandthemortar,speakingthus,
'(Adoration)tothetrees.'
89.Nearthehead(ofthebed)heshallmakeanofferingtoSri(fortune),andnearthefoot(ofhisbed)to
BhadrakaliinthecentreofthehouselethimplaceaBaliforBrahmanandforVastoshpati(thelordof
thedwelling)conjointly.
90.LethimthrowupintotheairaBaliforallthegods,and(inthedaytimeone)forthegoblinsroaming
aboutbyday,(andintheeveningone)forthegoblinsthatwalkatnight.
91.IntheupperstorylethimofferaBalitoSarvatmabhutibutlethimthrowwhatremains(fromthese
offerings)inasoutherlydirectionforthemanes.
92.Lethimgentlyplaceontheground(somefood)fordogs,outcasts,Kandalas(Svapak),thoseafflicted
withdiseasesthatarepunishmentsofformersins,crows,andinsects.
93.ThatBrahmanawhothusdailyhonoursallbeings,goes,endowedwitharesplendentbody,bya
straightroadtothehighestdwellingplace(i.e.Brahman).
94.HavingperformedthisBalioffering,heshallfirstfeedhisguestand,accordingtotherule,givealms
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toanascetic(and)toastudent.
95.Atwicebornhouseholdergains,bygivingalms,thesamerewardforhismeritoriousactwhich(a
student)obtainsforpresenting,inaccordancewiththerule,acowtohisteacher.
96.Lethimgive,inaccordancewiththerule,toaBrahmanawhoknowsthetruemeaningoftheVeda,
even(asmallportionoffoodas)alms,orapotfullofwater,havinggarnished(thefoodwithseasoning,
orthepotwithflowersandfruit).
97.Theoblationstogodsandmanes,madebymenignorant(ofthelawofgifts),arelost,ifthegiversin
theirfollypresent(sharesofthem)toBrahmanaswhoaremereashes.
98.AnofferingmadeinthemouthfireofBrahmanasrichinsacredlearningandausterities,savesfrom
misfortuneandfromgreatguilt.
99.Butlethimoffer,inaccordancewiththerule,toaguestwhohascome(ofhisownaccord)aseatand
water,aswellasfood,garnished(withseasoning),accordingtohisability.
100.ABrahmanawhostaysunhonoured(inthehouse),takesaway(withhim)allthespiritualmeriteven
ofamanwhosubsistsbygleaningearsofcorn,oroffersoblationsinfivefires.
101.Grass,room(forresting),water,andfourthlyakindwordthese(things)neverfailinthehousesof
goodmen.
102.ButaBrahmanawhostaysonenightonlyisdeclaredtobeaguest(atithi)forbecausehestays
(sthita)notlong(anityam),heiscalledatithi(aguest).
103.OnemustnotconsiderasaguestaBrahmanawhodwellsinthesamevillage,noronewhoseekshis
livelihoodbysocialintercourse,eventhoughhehascometoahousewhere(thereis)awife,andwhere
sacredfires(arekept).
104.Thosefoolishhouseholderswhoconstantlyseek(toliveon)thefoodofothers,become,in
consequenceofthat(baseness),afterdeaththecattleofthosewhogivethemfood.
105.Aguestwhoissentbythe(setting)sunintheevening,mustnotbedrivenawaybyahouseholder
whetherhehavecomeat(supper)timeorataninopportunemoment,hemustnotstayinthehouse
withoutentertainment.
106.Lethimnoteatany(dainty)foodwhichhedoesnotoffertohisguestthehospitablereceptionof
guestsprocureswealth,fame,longlife,andheavenlybliss.
107.Lethimoffer(tohisguests)seats,rooms,beds,attendanceondepartureandhonour(whilethey
stay),tothemostdistinguishedinthebestform,totheloweronesinalowerform,toequalsinanequal
manner.
108.ButifanotherguestcomesaftertheVaisvadevaofferinghasbeenfinished,(thehouseholder)must
givehimfoodaccordingtohisability,(but)notrepeattheBalioffering.
109.ABrahmanashallnotnamehisfamilyand(Vedic)gotrainordertoobtainamealforhewho
boastsofthemforthesakeofameal,iscalledbythewiseafoulfeeder(vantasin).
110.ButaKshatriya(whocomes)tothehouseofaBrahmanaisnotcalledaguest(atithi),noraVaisya,
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noraSudra,norapersonalfriend,norarelative,northeteacher.
111.ButifaKshatriyacomestothehouseofaBrahmanainthemannerofaguest,(thehouseholder)
mayfeedhimaccordingtohisdesire,aftertheabovementionedBrahmanashaveeaten.
112.EvenaVaisyaandaSudrawhohaveapproachedhishouseinthemannerofguests,hemayallowto
eatwithhisservants,showing(thereby)hiscompassionatedisposition.
113.Eventoothers,personalfriendsandsoforth,whohavecometohishouseoutofaffection,hemay
givefood,garnished(withseasoning)accordingtohisability,(atthesametime)withhiswife.
114.Withouthesitationhemaygivefood,evenbeforehisguests,tothefollowingpersons,(viz.)to
newlymarriedwomen,toinfants,tothesick,andtopregnantwomen.
115.Butthefoolishmanwhoeatsfirstwithouthavinggivenfoodtothese(persons)does,whilehe
crams,notknowthat(afterdeath)hehimselfwillbedevouredbydogsandvultures.
116.AftertheBrahmanas,thekinsmen,andtheservantshavedined,thehouseholderandhiswifemay
afterwardseatwhatremains.
117.Havinghonouredthegods,thesages,men,themanes,andtheguardiandeitiesofthehouse,the
householdershalleatafterwardswhatremains.
118.Hewhopreparesfoodforhimself(alone),eatsnothingbutsinforitisordainedthatthefoodwhich
remainsafter(theperformanceof)thesacrificesshallbethemealofvirtuousmen.
119.Lethimhonourwiththehoneymixtureaking,anofficiatingpriest,aSnataka,theteacher,asonin
law,afatherinlaw,andamaternaluncle,(iftheycome)againafterafullyear(haselapsedsincetheir
lastvisit).
120.AkingandaSrotriya,whocomeontheperformanceofasacrifice,mustbehonouredwiththe
honeymixture,butnotifnosacrificeisbeingperformedthatisasettledrule.
121.Butthewifeshallofferintheevening(aportion)ofthedressedfoodasaBalioblation,without(the
recitationof)sacredformulasforthat(ritewhichiscalledthe)Vaisvadevaisprescribedbothforthe
morningandtheevening.
122.AfterperformingthePitriyagna,aBrahmanawhokeepsasacredfireshalloffer,monthbymonth,
onthenewmoonday,thefuneralsacrifice(Sraddha,called)Pindanvaharyaka.
123.ThewisecallthemonthlyfuneralofferingtothemanesAnvaharya(tobeofferedafterthecakes),
andthatmustbecarefullyperformedwiththeapproved(sortsof)flesh(mentionedbelow).
124.Iwillfullydeclarewhatandhowmany(Brahmanas)mustbefedonthat(occasion),whomustbe
avoided,andonwhatkindsoffood(theyshalldine).
125.Onemustfeedtwo(Brahmanas)attheofferingtothegods,andthreeattheofferingtothemanes,or
oneonlyoneitheroccasionevenaverywealthymanshallnotbeanxious(toentertain)alargecompany.
126.Alargecompanydestroysthesefive(advantages)therespectfultreatment(oftheinvited,the
proprietyof)placeandtime,purityand(theselectionof)virtuousBrahmana(guests)hethereforeshall
notseek(toentertain)alargecompany.
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127.Famedisthisriteforthedead,called(thesacrificesacredtothemanes(andperformed)onthenew
moondayifamanisdiligentin(performing)that,(therewardof)theriteforthedead,whichis
performedaccordingtoSmartarules,reacheshimconstantly.
128.OblationstothegodsandmanesmustbepresentedbythegiverstoaSrotriyaalonewhatisgiven
tosuchamostworthyBrahmanayieldsgreatreward.
129.Lethimfeedevenonelearnedmanat(thesacrifice)tothegods,andoneat(thesacrifice)tothe
manes(thus)hewillgainarichreward,not(ifheentertains)manywhoareunacquaintedwiththeVeda.
130.Lethimmakeinquiriesevenregardingtheremote(ancestorsof)aBrahmanawhohasstudiedan
entire(recensionofthe)Veda
(ifdescendedfromavirtuousrace)suchamanisaworthyrecipientofgifts(consisting)offoodoffered
tothegodsortothemanes,heisdeclared(toprocureasgreatrewardsas)aguest(atithi).
131.Thoughamillionofmen,unaquaintedwiththeRikas,weretodineata(funeralsacrifice),yeta
singleman,learnedintheVeda,whoissatisfied(withhisentertainment),isworththemallasfarasthe
(productionof)spiritualmerit(isconcerned).
132.Foodsacredtothemanesortothegodsmustbegiventoamandistinguishedbysacredknowledge
forhands,smearedwithblood,cannotbecleansedwithblood.
133.Asmanymouthfulsasanignorantmanswallowsatasacrificetothegodsortothemanes,somany
redhotspikes,spears,andironballsmust(thegiveroftherepast)swallowafterdeath.
134.SomeBrahmanasaredevotedto(thepursuitof)knowledge,andothersto(theperformanceof)
austeritiessometoausteritiesandtotherecitationoftheVeda,andothersto(theperformanceof)sacred
rites.
135.Oblationstothemanesoughttobecarefullypresentedtothosedevotedtoknowledge,butofferings
tothegods,inaccordancewiththereason(ofthesacredlaw),to(menof)allthefour(abovementioned
classes).
136.Ifthereisafatherignorantofthesacredtextswhosesonhaslearnedonewholerecensionofthe
VedaandtheAngas,andasonignorantofthesacredtextswhosefatherknowsanentirerecensionofthe
VedaandtheAngas,
137.KnowthathewhosefatherknowstheVeda,isthemorevenerableone(ofthetwo)yettheother
oneisworthyofhonour,becauserespectisduetotheVeda(whichhehaslearned).
138.Lethimnotentertainapersonalfriendatafuneralsacrificehemaygainhisaffectionby(other)
valuablegiftslethimfeedataSraddhaaBrahmanawhomheconsidersneitherasafoenorasafriend.
139.Hewhoperformsfuneralsacrificesandofferingstothegodschieflyforthesakeof(gaining)
friends,reapsafterdeathnorewardforSraddhasandsacrifices.
140.Thatmeanestamongtwicebornmenwhoinhisfollycontractsfriendshipsthroughafuneral
sacrifice,losesheaven,becauseheperformedaSraddhaforthesakeoffriendship.
141.Agift(offood)bytwicebornmen,consumedwith(friendsandrelatives),issaidtobeofferedto
thePisakasitremainsinthis(world)alonelikeablindcowinonestable.
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142.Asahusbandmanreapsnoharvestwhenhehassowntheseedinbarrensoil,evensothegiverof
sacrificialfoodgainsnorewardifhepresentedittoamanunacquaintedwiththeRikas.
143.Butapresentmadeinaccordancewiththerulestoalearnedman,makesthegiverandtherecipient
partakersofrewardsbothinthis(life)andafterdeath.
144.(IfnolearnedBrahmanabeathand),hemayratherhonoura(virtuous)friendthananenemy,
thoughthelattermaybequalified(bylearningandsoforth)forsacrificialfood,eatenbyafoe,bearsno
rewardafterdeath.
145.Lethim(take)pains(to)feedataSraddhaanadherentoftheRigvedawhohasstudiedoneentire
(recensionofthat)Veda,orafolloweroftheYagurvedawhohasfinishedoneSakha,orasingerof
Samanswho(likewise)hascompleted(thestudyofanentirerecension).
146.Ifoneofthesethreedines,dulyhonoured,atafuneralsacrifice,theancestorsofhim(whogivesthe
feast),asfarastheseventhperson,willbesatisfiedforaverylongtime.
147.Thisisthechiefrule(tobefollowed)inofferingsacrificestothegodsandmanesknowthatthe
virtuousalwaysobservethefollowingsubsidiaryrule.
148.Onemayalsoentertain(onsuchoccasions)one'smaternalgrandfather,amaternaluncle,asister's
son,afatherinlaw,one'steacher,adaughter'sson,adaughter'shusband,acognatekinsman,one'sown
officiatingpriestoramanforwhomoneofferssacrifices.
149.Foraritesacredtothegods,hewhoknowsthelawwillnotmake(tooclose)inquiriesregardingan
(invited)Brahmanabutwhenoneperformsaceremonyinhonourofthemanes,onemustcarefully
examine(thequalitiesandparentageoftheguest).
150.ManuhasdeclaredthatthoseBrahmanaswhoarethieves,outcasts,eunuchs,oratheistsare
unworthy(topartake)ofoblationstothegodsandmanes.
151.LethimnotentertainataSraddhaonewhowearshishairinbraids(astudent),onewhohasnot
studied(theVeda),oneafflictedwithaskindisease,agambler,northosewhosacrificeforamultitude
(ofsacrificers).
152.Physicians,templepriests,sellersofmeat,andthosewhosubsistbyshopkeepingmustbeavoided
atsacrificesofferedtothegodsandtothemanes.
153.Apaidservantofavillageorofaking,manwithdeformednailsorblackteeth,onewhoopposes
histeacher,onewhohasforsakenthesacredfire,andausurer
154.Onesufferingfromconsumption,onewhosubsistsbytendingcattle,ayoungerbrotherwhomarries
orkindlesthesacredfirebeforetheelder,onewhoneglectsthefivegreatsacrifices,anenemyofthe
Brahmanarace,anelderbrotherwhomarriesorkindlesthesacredfireaftertheyounger,andonewho
belongstoacompanyorcorporation,
155.Anactororsinger,onewhohasbrokenthevowofstudentship,onewhose(onlyorfirst)wifeisa
Sudrafemale,thesonofaremarriedwoman,aoneeyedman,andheinwhosehouseaparamourofhis
wife(resides)
156.Hewhoteachesforastipulatedfeeandhewhoistaughtonthatcondition,hewhoinstructsSudra
pupilsandhewhoseteacherisaSudra,hewhospeaksrudely,thesonofanadulteress,andthesonofa
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widow,
157.Hewhoforsakeshismother,hisfather,orateacherwithouta(sufficient)reason,hewhohas
contractedanalliancewithoutcastseitherthroughtheVedaorthroughamarriage,
158.Anincendiary,aprisoner,hewhoeatsthefoodgivenbythesonofanadulteress,asellerofSoma,
hewhoundertakesvoyagesbysea,abard,anoilman,asubornertoperjury,
159.Hewhowranglesorgoestolawwithhisfather,thekeeperofagamblinghouse,adrunkard,hewho
isafflictedwithadisease(inpunishmentofformer)crimes,hewhoisaccusedofamortalsin,a
hypocrite,asellerofsubstancesusedforflavouringfood,
160.Amakerofbowsandofarrows,hewholasciviouslydallieswithabrother'swidow,thebetrayerof
afriend,onewhosubsistsbygambling,hewholearns(theVeda)fromhisson,
161.Anepilepticman,whosuffersfromscrofulousswellingsoftheglands,oneafflictedwithwhite
leprosy,aninformer,amadman,ablindman,andhewhocavilsattheVedamust(all)beavoided.
162.Atrainerofelephants,oxen,horses,orcamels,hewhosubsistsbyastrology,abirdfancier,andhe
whoteachestheuseofarms,
163.Hewhodivertswatercourses,andhewhodelightsinobstructingthem,anarchitect,amessenger,
andhewhoplantstrees(formoney),
164.Abreederofsportingdogs,afalconer,onewhodefilesmaidens,hewhodelightsininjuringliving
creatures,hewhogainshissubsistencefromSudras,andhewhoofferssacrificestotheGanas,
165.Hewhodoesnotfollowtheruleofconduct,a(mandestituteofenergylikea)eunuch,onewho
constantlyasks(forfavours),hewholivesbyagriculture,aclubfootedman,andhewhoiscensuredby
virtuousmen,
166.Ashepherd,akeeperofbuffaloes,thehusbandofaremarriedwoman,andacarrierofdeadbodies,
(allthese)mustbecarefullyavoided.
167.ABrahmanawhoknows(thesacredlaw)shouldshunat(sacrifices)both(tothegodsandtothe
manes)theselowestoftwicebornmen,whoseconductisreprehensible,andwhoareunworthy(tosit)in
thecompany(atarepast).
168.Asafireofdrygrassis(unabletoconsumetheofferingsandisquickly)extinguished,evenso(isit
with)anunlearnedBrahmanasacrificialfoodmustnotbegiventohim,sinceit(wouldbe)offeredin
ashes.
169.Iwillfullydeclarewhatresultthegiverobtainsafterdeath,ifhegivesfood,destinedforthegodsor
manes,toamanwhoisunworthytositinthecompany.
170.TheRakshasas,indeed,consume(thefood)eatenbyBrahmanaswhohavenotfulfilledthevowof
studentship,byaParivettriandsoforth,andbyothermennotadmissibleintothecompany.
171.HemustbeconsideredasaParivettriwhomarriesorbeginstheperformanceoftheAgnihotra
beforehiselderbrother,butthelatterasaParivitti.
172.Theelderbrotherwhomarriesaftertheyounger,theyoungerbrotherwhomarriesbeforetheelder,
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thefemalewithwhomsuchamarriageiscontracted,hewhogivesheraway,andthesacrificingpriest,as
thefifth,allfallintohell.
173.Hewholasciviouslydallieswiththewidowofadeceasedbrother,thoughshebeappointed(tobear
achildbyhim)inaccordancewiththesacredlaw,mustbeknowntobeaDidhishupati.
174.Two(kindsof)sons,aKundaandaGolaka,arebornbywivesofothermen(hewhoisborn)while
thehusbandlives,willbeaKunda,and(hewhoisbegotten)afterthehusband'sdeath,aGolaka.
175.Butthosetwocreatures,whoarebornofwivesofothermen,causetothegivertheloss(ofthe
rewards),bothinthislifeandafterdeath,forthefoodsacredtogodsormaneswhichhasbeengiven(to
them).
176.Thefoolishgiver(ofafuneralrepast)doesnotreaptherewardforasmanyworthyguestsasaman,
inadmissibleintocompany,canlookonwhiletheyarefeeding.
177.Ablindmanbyhispresencecausestothegiver(ofthefeast)thelossoftherewardforninety
(guests),aoneeyedmanforsixty,onewhosuffersfromwhiteleprosyforahundred,andonepunished
bya(terrible)diseaseforathousand.
178.Thegiver(ofaSraddha)losesthereward,dueforsuchanonsacrificialgift,forasmany
Brahmanasasa(guest)whosacrificesforSudrasmaytouch(duringthemeal)withhislimbs.
179.AndifaBrahmana,thoughlearnedintheVeda,acceptsthroughcovetousnessagiftfromsuch(a
man),hewillquicklyperish,likeavesselofunburntclayinwater.
180(Food)giventoasellerofSomabecomesordure,(thatgiven)toaphysicianpusandblood,but(that
presented)toatemplepriestislost,and(thatgiven)toausurerfindsnoplace(intheworldofthegods).
181.WhathasbeengiventoaBrahmanawholivesbytradethatisnot(useful)inthisworldandthenext,
and(apresent)toaBrahmanabornofaremarriedwoman(resembles)anoblationthrownintoashes.
182.Butthewisedeclarethatthefoodwhich(isoffered)tootherunholy,inadmissiblemen,enumerated
above,(isturnedinto)adiposesecretions,blood,flesh,marrow,andbone.
183.Nowhearbywhatchiefoftwicebornmenacompanydefiledby(thepresenceof)unworthy
(guests)ispurified,andthefull(descriptionof)theBrahmanaswhosanctifyacompany.
184.Thosemenmustbeconsideredasthesanctifiersofacompanywhoaremostlearnedinallthe
VedasandinalltheAngas,andwhoarethedescendantsofSrotriyas.
185.ATrinakiketa,onewhokeepsfivesacredfires,aTrisuparna,onewhoisversedinthesixAngas,
thesonofawomanmarriedaccordingtotheBrahmarite,onewhosingstheGyeshthasaman,
186.OnewhoknowsthemeaningoftheVeda,andhewhoexpoundsit,astudent,onewhohasgivena
thousand(cows),andacentenarianmustbeconsideredasBrahmanaswhosanctifyacompany.
187.OnthedaybeforetheSraddhariteisperformed,oronthedaywhenittakesplace,lethiminvite
withduerespectatleastthreeBrahmanas,suchashavebeenmentionedabove.
188.ABrahmanawhohasbeeninvitedtoa(rite)inhonourofthemanesshallalwayscontrolhimself
andnotrecitetheVeda,andhewhoperformstheSraddha(mustactinthesamemanner).
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189.ForthemanesattendtheinvitedBrahmanas,followthem(whentheywalk)likethewind,andsit
nearthemwhentheyareseated.
190.ButaBrahmanawho,beingdulyinvitedtoariteinhonourofthegodsorofthemanes,inanyway
breaks(theappointment),becomesguilty(ofacrime),and(inhisnextbirth)ahog.
191.Buthewho,beinginvitedtoaSraddha,dallieswithaSudrawoman,takesuponhimselfallthesins
whichthegiver(ofthefeast)committed.
192.Themanesareprimevaldeities,freefromanger,carefulofpurity,everchaste,aversefromstrife,
andendowedwithgreatvirtues.
193.Nowlearnfullyfromwhomallthese(manesderive)theirorigin,andwithwhatceremoniesthey
oughttobeworshipped.
194.The(various)classesofthemanesaredeclaredtobethesonsofallthosesages,Marikiandtherest,
whoarechildrenofManu,thesonofHiranyagarbha.
195.TheSomasads,thesonsofVirag,arestatedtobethemanesoftheSadhyas,andtheAgnishvattas,
thechildrenofMariki,arefamousintheworld(asthemanes)ofthegods.
196.TheBarhishads,bornofAtri,arerecordedtobe(themanes)oftheDaityas,Danavas,Yakshas,
Gandharvas,Snakedeities,
Rakshasas,Suparnas,andaKimnaras,
197.TheSomapasthoseoftheBrahmanas,theHavirbhugsthoseoftheKshatriyas,theAgyapasthoseof
theVaisyas,buttheSukalinsthoseoftheSudras.
198.TheSomapasarethesonsofKavi(Bhrigu),theHavishmatsthechildrenofAngiras,theAgyapas
theoffspringofPulastya,buttheSukalins(theissue)ofVasishtha.
199.Oneshouldknowthat(otherclasses),theAgnidagdhas,theAnagnidagdhas,theKavyas,the
Barhishads,theAgnishvattas,andtheSaumyas,are(themanes)oftheBrahmanasalone.
200.Butknowalsothatthereexistinthis(world)countlesssonsandgrandsonsofthosechiefclassesof
maneswhichhavebeenenumerated.
201.Fromthesagessprangthemanes,fromthemanesthegodsandtheDanavas,butfromthegodsthe
wholeworld,boththemovableandtheimmovableindueorder.
202.Evenwaterofferedwithfaith(tothemanes)invesselsmadeofsilveroradornedwithsilver,
producesendless(bliss).
203.Fortwicebornmentheriteinhonourofthemanesismoreimportantthantheriteinhonourofthe
godsfortheofferingtothegodswhichprecedes(theSraddhas),hasbeendeclaredtobeameansof
fortifying(thelatter).
204.Lethimfirstinvitea(Brahmana)inhonourofthegodsasaprotectionforthe(offeringtothe
manes)fortheRakshasasdestroyafuneralsacrificewhichisleftwithoutsuchaprotection.
205.Lethimmake(theSraddha)beginandendwith(arite)inhonourofthegodsitshallnotbeginand
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endwitha(rite)tothemanesforhewhomakesitbeginandendwitha(rite)inhonourofthemanes,
soonperishestogetherwithhisprogeny.
206.Lethimsmearapureandsecludedplacewithcowdung,andcarefullymakeitslopingtowardsthe
south.
207.Themanesarealwayspleasedwithofferingsmadeinopen,naturallypureplaces,onthebanksof
rivers,andinsecludedspots.
208.The(sacrificer)shallmakethe(invited)Brahmanas,whohavedulyperformedtheirablutions,sit
downonseparate,preparedseats,onwhichbladesofKusagrasshavebeenplaced.
209.HavingplacedthoseblamelessBrahmanasontheirseats,heshallhonourthemwithfragrant
garlandsandperfumes,beginningwith(thosewhoareinvitedinhonourof)thegods.
210.Havingpresentedtothemwater,sesamumgrains,andbladesofKusagrass,theBrahmana
(sacrificer)shalloffer(oblations)inthesacredfire,afterhavingreceivedpermission(todoso)from(all)
theBrahmana(guests)conjointly.
211.Havingfirst,accordingtotherule,performed,asameansofprotecting(theSraddha),oblationsto
Agni,toSoma,andtoYama,lethimafterwardssatisfythemanesbyagiftofsacrificialfood.
212.Butifno(sacred)fire(isavailable),heshallplace(theofferings)intothehandofaBrahmanafor
Brahmanaswhoknowthesacredtextsdeclare,'Whatfireis,evensuchisaBrahmana.'
213.They(also)callthosefirstoftwicebornmentheancientdeitiesofthefuneralsacrifice,freefrom
anger,easilypleased,employedinmakingmenprosper.
214.Afterhehasperformed(theoblations)inthefire,(and)thewholeseriesofceremoniesinsucha
mannerthattheyendinthesouth,lethimsprinklewaterwithhisrighthandonthespot(wherethecakes
aretobeplaced).
215.Buthavingmadethreecakesoutoftheremainderofthatsacrificialfood,hemust,concentratinghis
mindandturningtowardsthesouth,placethemon(Kusagrass)exactlyinthesamemannerinwhich(he
pouredoutthelibationsof)water.
216.Havingofferedthosecakesaccordingtothe(prescribed)rule,beingpure,lethimwipethesame
handwith(therootsof)thosebladesofKusagrassforthesakeofthe(threeancestors)whopartakeof
thewipings(lepa).
217.Having(next)sippedwater,turnedround(towardsthenorth),andthriceslowlysuppressedhis
breath,(thesacrificer)whoknowsthesacredtextsshallworship(theguardiandeitiesof)thesixseasons
andthemanes.
218.Lethimgentlypourouttheremainderofthewaternearthecakes,and,withfixedattention,smell
thosecakes,intheorderinwhichtheywereplaced(ontheground).
219.Buttakingsuccessivelyverysmallportionsfromthecakes,heshallmakethoseseatedBrahmana
eatthem,inaccordancewiththerule,before(theirdinner).
220.Butifthe(sacrificer's)fatherisliving,hemustoffer(thecakes)tothreeremoter(ancestors)orhe
mayalsofeedhisfatheratthefuneralsacrificeas(oneofthe)Brahmana(guests).
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221.Buthewhosefatherisdead,whilehisgrandfatherlives,shall,afterpronouncinghisfather'sname,
mention(thatof)hisgreatgrandfather.
222.ManuhasdeclaredthateitherthegrandfathermayeatatthatSraddha(asaguest),or(thegrandson)
havingreceivedpermission,mayperformit,ashedesires.
223.Havingpouredwatermixedwithsesamum,inwhichabladeofKusagrasshasbeenplaced,intothe
handsofthe(guests),heshallgive(toeach)that(abovementioned)portionofthecake,saying,'To
those,Svadha!'
224.Butcarrying(thevessel)filledwithfoodwithbothhands,the(sacrificer)himselfshallgentlyplace
itbeforetheBrahmanas,meditatingonthemanes.
225.ThemalevolentAsurasforciblysnatchawaythatfoodwhichisbroughtwithoutbeingheldwith
bothhands.
226.Lethim,beingpureandattentive,carefullyplaceonthegroundtheseasoning(fortherice),suchas
brothsandpotherbs,sweetandsourmilk,andhoney,
227.(Aswellas)various(kindsof)hardfoodwhichrequiremastication,andofsoftfood,roots,fruits,
savourymeat,andfragrantdrinks.
228.Allthisheshallpresent(tohisguests),beingpureandattentive,successivelyinvitethemtopartake
ofeach(dish),proclaimingitsqualities.
229.Lethimonnoaccountdropatear,becomeangryorutteranuntruth,norlethimtouchthefoodwith
hisfootnorviolentlyshakeit.
230.Atearsendsthe(food)tothePretas,angertohisenemies,afalsehoodtothedogs,contactwithhis
foottotheRakshasas,ashakingtothesinners.
231.WhatevermaypleasetheBrahmanas,lethimgivewithoutgrudgingitlethimgiveriddlesfromthe
Veda,forthatisagreeabletothemanes.
232.Ata(sacrificeinhonour)ofthemanes,hemustlet(hisguests)heartheVeda,theInstitutesofthe
sacredlaw,legends,tales,Puranas,andKhilas.
233.Himselfbeingdelighted,lethimgivedelighttotheBrahmanas,causethemtopartakegraduallyand
slowly(ofeachdish),andrepeatedlyinvite(themtoeat)by(offering)thefoodand(praising)its
qualities.
234.Lethimeagerlyentertainatafuneralsacrificeadaughter'sson,thoughhebeastudent,andlethim
placeaNepalblanketontheontheseat(ofeachguest),scatteringsesamumgrainsontheground.
235.Therearethreemeansofsanctification,(tobeused)ataSraddha,adaughter'sson,aNepalblanket,
andsesamumgrainsandtheyrecommendthree(otherthings)forit,cleanliness,suppressionofanger,
andabsenceofhaste.
236.Allthefoodmustbeveryhot,andthe(guests)shalleatinsilence(eventhough)askedbythegiver
(ofthefeast),theBrahmanasshallnotproclaimthequalitiesofthesacrificialfood.
237.Aslongasthefoodremainswarm,aslongastheyeatinsilence,aslongasthequalitiesofthefood
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arenotproclaimed,solongthemanespartake(ofit).
238.What(aguest)eats,coveringhishead,whatheeatswithhisfaceturnedtowardsthesouth,whathe
eatswithsandalson(hisfeet),thattheRakshasasconsume.
239.AKandala,avillagepig,acock,adog,amenstruatingwoman,andaeunuchmustnotlookatthe
Brahmanaswhiletheyeat.
240.What(anyof)theseseesataburntoblation,ata(solemn)gift,atadinner(giventoBrahmanas),or
atanyriteinhonourofthegodsandmanes,thatproducesnottheintendedresult.
241.Aboarmakes(therite)uselessbyinhalingthesmell(oftheofferings),acockbytheairofhis
wings,adogbythrowinghiseye(onthem),alowcastemanbytouching(them).
242.Ifalameman,aoneeyedman,onedeficientinalimb,oronewitharedundantlimb,beeventhe
servantoftheperformer(oftheSraddha),hemustberemovedfromthatplace(wheretheSraddhais
held).
243.ToaBrahmana(householder),ortoanasceticwhocomesforfood,hemay,withthepermissionof
(his)Brahmana(guests),showhonouraccordingtohisability.
244.Lethimmixallthekindsoffoodtogether,sprinklethemwithwaterandputthem,scatteringthem
(onKusagrass),downonthegroundinfrontof(hisguests),whentheyhavefinishedtheirmeal.
245.Theremnant(inthedishes),andtheportionscatteredonKusagrass,shallbetheshareofdeceased
(children)whoreceivednotthesacrament(ofcremation)andofthosewho(unjustly)forsooknoble
wives.
246.Theydeclarethefragmentswhichhavefallenonthegroundata(Sraddha)tothemanes,tobethe
shareofhonest,dutifulservants.
247.ButbeforetheperformanceoftheSapindikarana,onemustfeedatthefuneralsacrificeinhonourof
a(recently)deceasedAryan(oneBrahmana)without(makinganoffering)tothegods,andgiveone
cakeonly.
248.ButaftertheSapindikaranaofthe(deceasedfather)hasbeenperformedaccordingtothesacredlaw,
thesonsmustofferthecakeswiththoseceremonies,(describedabove.)
249.Thefoolishmanwho,afterhavingeatenaSraddha(dinner),givestheleavingstoaSudra,falls
headlongintotheKalasutrahell.
250.IfthepartakerofaSraddha(dinner)entersonthesamedaythebedofaSudrafemale,themanesof
his(ancestors)willlieduringthatmonthinherordure.
251.Havingaddressedthequestion,'Haveyoudinedwell?'(tohisguests),lethimgivewaterforsipping
tothemwhoaresatisfied,anddismissthem,aftertheyhavesippedwater,(withthewords)'Resteither
(hereorathome)!'
252.TheBrahmana(guests)shallthenanswerhim,'LettherebeSvadha'foratallritesinhonourofthe
manesthewordSvadhaisthehighestbenison.
253.Nextlethiminform(hisguests)whohavefinishedtheirmeal,ofthefoodwhichremainswiththe
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permissionoftheBrahmanaslethimdispose(ofthat),astheymaydirect.
254.Ata(Sraddha)inhonourofthemanesonemustuse(inaskingoftheguestsiftheyaresatisfied,the
word)svaditamataGoshthisraddha,(theword)susrutamataVriddhisraddha,(theword)
sampannamandat(arite)inhonourofthegods,(theword)rukitam.
255.Theafternoon,Kusagrass,theduepreparationofthedwelling,sesamumgrains,liberality,the
carefulpreparationofthefood,and(thecompanyof)distinguishedBrahmanasaretruerichesatall
funeralsacrifices.
256.KnowthatKusagrass,purificatory(texts),themorning,sacrificialviandsofallkinds,andthose
meansofpurification,mentionedabove,areblessingsatasacrificetothegods.
257.Thefoodeatenbyhermitsintheforest,milk,Somajuice,meatwhichisnotprepared(withspices),
andsaltunpreparedbyart,arecalled,onaccountoftheirnature,sacrificialfood.
258.Havingdismissedthe(invited)Brahmanas,lethim,withaconcentratedmind,silentandpure,look
towardsthesouthandasktheseblessingsofthemanes:
259.'Mayliberalmenaboundwithus!May(ourknowledgeof)theVedasand(our)progenyincrease!
Mayfaithnotforsakeus!Maywehavemuchtogive(totheneedy)!'
260.Havingthusoffered(thecakes),lethim,after(theprayer),causeacow,aBrahmana,agoat,orthe
sacredfiretoconsumethosecakes,orlethimthrowthemintowater.
261.Somemaketheofferingofthecakesafter(thedinner)somecause(them)tobeeatenbybirdsor
throwthemintofireorintowater.
262.The(sacrificer's)firstwife,whoisfaithfulandintentontheworshipofthemanes,mayeatthe
middlemostcake,(ifshebe)desirousofbearingason.
263.(Thus)shewillbringforthasonwhowillbelonglived,famous,intelligent,rich,thefatherof
numerousoffspring,endowedwith(thequalityof)goodness,andrighteous.
264.Havingwashedhishandsandsippedwater,lethimprepare(food)forhispaternalrelationsand,
aftergivingittothemwithduerespect,lethimfeedhismaternalrelativesalso.
265.Buttheremnantsshallbeleft(wheretheylie)untiltheBrahmanashavebeendismissedafterwards
heshallperformthe(daily)domesticBaliofferingthatisasettled(ruleofthe)sacredlaw.
266.Iwillnowfullydeclarewhatkindofsacrificialfood,giventothemanesaccordingtotherule,will
serveforalongtimeorforeternity.
267.Theancestorsofmenaresatisfiedforonemonthwithsesamumgrains,rice,barley,mashabeans,
water,roots,andfruits,whichhavebeengivenaccordingtotheprescribedrule,
268.Twomonthswithfish,threemonthswiththemeatofgazelles,fourwithmutton,andfiveindeed
withthefleshofbirds,
269.Sixmonthswiththefleshofkids,sevenwiththatofspotteddeer,eightwiththatoftheblack
antelope,butninewiththatofthe(deercalled)Ruru,
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270.Tenmonthstheyaresatisfiedwiththemeatofboarsandbuffaloes,butelevenmonthsindeedwith
thatofharesandtortoises,
271.Oneyearwithcowmilkandmilkricefromthefleshofalongearedwhitehegoattheir
satisfactionendurestwelveyears.
272.The(vegetablecalled)Kalasaka,(thefishcalled)Mahasalka,thefleshofarhinocerosandthatofa
redgoat,andallkindsoffoodeatenbyhermitsintheforestserveforanendlesstime.
273.Whatever(food),mixedwithhoney,onegivesonthethirteenthlunardayintherainyseasonunder
theasterismofMaghah,thatalsoprocuresendless(satisfaction).
274.'Maysuchaman(themanessay)beborninourfamilywhowillgiveusmilkrice,withhoneyand
clarifiedbutter,onthethirteenthlunarday(ofthemonthofBhadrapada)and(intheafternoon)whenthe
shadowofanelephantfallstowardstheeast.'
275.Whatever(aman),fulloffaith,dulygivesaccordingtotheprescribedrule,thatbecomesinthe
otherworldaperpetualandimperishable(gratification)forthemanes.
276.Thedaysofthedarkhalfofthemonth,beginningwiththetenth,butexceptingthefourteenth,are
recommendedforafuneralsacrifice(itis)notthus(with)theothers.
277.Hewhoperformsitontheeven(lunar)daysandundertheevenconstellations,gains(thefulfilment
of)allhiswisheshewhohonoursthemanesonodd(lunardays)andunderodd(constellations),obtains
distinguishedoffspring.
278.Asthesecondhalfofthemonthispreferabletothefirsthalf,evensotheafternoonisbetterfor(the
performanceof)afuneralsacrificethantheforenoon.
279.Lethim,untired,dulyperformthe(rites)inhonourofthemanesinaccordancewiththeprescribed
rule,passingthesacredthreadovertherightshoulder,proceedingfromthelefttotheright(and)holding
Kusagrassinhishands,uptotheend(oftheceremony).
280.Lethimnotperformafuneralsacrificeatnight,becausethe(night)isdeclaredtobelongtothe
Rakshasas,norinthetwilight,norwhenthesunhasjustrisen.
281.Lethimofferherebelowafuneralsacrifice,accordingtotherulegivenabove,(atleast)thricea
year,inwinter,insummer,andintherainyseason,butthatwhichisincludedamongthefivegreat
sacrifices,everyday.
282.Theburntoblation,offeredatasacrificetothemanes,mustnotbemadeinacommonfirea
Brahmanawhokeepsasacredfire(shall)not(perform)afuneralsacrificeexceptonthenewmoonday.
283.EvenwhenaBrahmana,afterbathing,satisfiesthemaneswithwater,heobtainstherebythewhole
rewardfortheperformanceofthe(daily)Sraddha.
284.Theycall(themanesof)fathersVasus,(thoseof)grandfathersRudras,and(thoseof)great
grandfathersAdityasthus(speaks)theeternalVeda.
285.Lethimdailypartakeofthevighasaanddailyeatamrita(ambrosia)butvighasaiswhatremains
fromthemeal(ofBrahmanaguests)andtheremainderofasacrifice(iscalled)amrita.
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286.Thusalltheordinancesrelatingtothefive(dailygreat)sacrificeshavebeendeclaredtoyouhear
nowthelawforthemanneroflivingfitforBrahmanas.

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