BPMN 2.

0 - Business Process Model and Notation

Innovator for Business Analysts

Processes and Collaborations

Events: represent all incidents within a process. An event may be used as a start, intermediate,
interrupting and end event.

conrm
participant

invitation
10 invitation cards
still remain

not available

canceled
conrmed

inquire
by phone
14 days

continuation

cancelation

quote requested

cancel
invitation

Is traversed if none of the conditions after a gateway is true.

request

A means to attach a condition to a sequence flow that does

not belong to a gateway.

quote

Clerk

company
quote creation

create
quote
quote requested

Groups

rm

te

Text annotations enable to

capture important additional
information.

approve
quote

St
t
ar

query

answer

customer
information

Groups help to structure elements and do not influence

the process flow.

en
Ev

Text annotations may

contain additional
information

Supplier

Name
[state]

price list

Data Input

create
quote

Name
[state]

Name
[state]

order

Data Inputs represent data which has to be passed to a

process or subprocess from the outside i.e. the calling
process for further processing.

quote

Name
[state]

order
database

quotation items
create
order

acquire
quote

Data Output

archive
order

quote received

send order

order creation

quotation items

Using a data store (reference) instead of a data object

emphasizes that the data used is persistant rather
than transient data and that it is accessible from different processes rather than having a local scope.

send
quote

Name
[state]

order

acquire
quote data

create
order

Instantiation

Participant/Pool (Black Box)

message
(trigger)

Name
[state]

quotation processing

Data Store (Reference)

None

Message

Data associations model the

flow of data including data
transformations.

Name
[state]

quote sent

Signal

A data object represents data which is relevant for

the process. They can only be referenced inside the
process.

Analogous to the data input the data output represents data which is returned from the process or
subprocess to the calling process.

Text annotation

quote created

List of data objects

Data Association

Artifacts

complete
quote

Approver

In

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Collaboration

Conditional Flow

quote created

termination

event canceled

Default Flow

Shows the flow of messages between two participants. It can

start or end at a participant or at any element of the process. It
always goes beyond participant borders.
customer
request for quote

cancelation

Is mainly used as data association for modeling data flows.

For modeling compensations it is used as compensation
association.

Massage Flow

delete
participant

order
invitation cards

create invitation

Lane: represents the responsibilities within a process like involved

roles or systems (in this example: clerk and approver).

commitment

Data Object

Association

Shows the flow in a process. The sequence flow cannot cross a

pool boundary but can switch between lanes.

Process: describes the flow of activities in an organization (in this example: quote creation).

create
invitation

Data

Sequence Flow

Collaboration: describes the interaction between participants (in this

example: customer, company and supplier).

continuation

plan event

Edges and connectors

quote creation

Events

message
(trigger)

message
(trigger)

message
(trigger)

message
(trigger)

Instantation: is mainly relevant in the process automation realized by gateways and events.

Event-Based Exclusive

Subprocess (with loop feature)

Timer

Event-Based Parallel

The occurence of the first events instantiates the process. All other
paths of the event-based exclusiv gateways are no longer valid.

condition

The occurence of the first event instantiates the process. The

process may only terminate normally if further events occured.

escalation
intermediate event

quote
accepted

Escalation

Terminate

message
start event

parallel
gateway

Link

standard answer

otherwise
(default)

message
end event
data store
[end state]

deadline

Lane 1 (subordinate)

Start
Event

End
Event
caught

link
intermediate event

exclusive
gateway

Business Rule
Task

Multi-Instance
Sequential

Service Task
multiple
end event

inclusive
gateway

escalation start event

(non-interrupting)

failure
end event

Activities
Call Activity Global Task: identifies a point in the process
where a global task is used. Activation of a call activity transfers control to the called task.

roll back

Processing support request

perform
measurement

save contact information

error when
saving

error when
saving

Performing defect corrections

save account information

delete account
information

monitor response time

correct
defect

request defect correction

defect correction declined

defect correction
reported

settle travel
expenses
15th of the month
travel expenses
accounting received

Gateways
Gateways are used to control how the process flows through sequence flows as they converge
and diverge within a process.
data-based
exclusive (either OR)

only one path can be taken

inclusive (OR/AND)

none, one or more paths can be taken

parallel (AND)

all paths are taken

complex

can be used to model complex

synchronization behavior

event-based
exclusive

one path is taken depending on the first

occuring event

quote ok

accept
quote
inform
customer

check quote
quote
incorrect

decline
quote

exclusive: exactly one path is taken

room
desired

check
quality

defect corrected

inform
customer

determine
customers wish

book room

drinks
desired

order
drinks

reason of failure
reason of failure

buy
drinks

find
cause
defect correction
failed

plan
event

inform
customer

Ad-hoc Subprocess: do not impose a sequence on its contained

activities. The sequence and number of performances of the activities is up to those persons or resources doing the work.

Compensation Association
occurs outside the normal sequence flow and connects a compensation event with a compensation activity at a roll back.

buy
food

process
answer

submit
quote

invite
friends

select
music

parallel: all paths are taken

2013 MID GmbH

Multi-Instance Parallel: multiple, simultaneous execution for a number of objects.

Compensation: undoes steps which have already been successfully completed.

This activity implies a subprocess.

Loop: repeats the performance as long as the
loop condition is met.

Multi-Instance Sequential: multiple, sequential execution for a number of objects.

Ad-hoc: whether and how often an activity is

performed is left to the discretion of the person responsible.

Ad-hoc Subprocess

Receive Task: receives messages and complies with the semantics of an intermediate
event for messages caught.

Markers for Tasks and Subprocesses

buy
ingredients

prepare
main course

set the
table

prepare
dessert

prepare
starter

polish
cutlery

invite friends

14 days

event-based: the flow is forwarded to the path whose

events occured first.

Find more information about the Innovator for Business Analysts

and business process modeling with BPMN 2.0!

www.mid.de

complete
process

answer

prepare dinner

Send Task: sends messages and complies

with the semantics of an intermediate
event for messages thrown.

inform
customer

inclusive: more than one path can be taken

identify reason of failure

cancel

loop condition:
no sultion had
yet been found

process
request on 1st level

perform
defect correction

All events have to occur so that the process can be instantiated.

defect correction failed

Transaction

Subprocess: is a graphical object within a process but it also

can be opened up to show a lower-level process. It is not
an independent process and may not be devided in different
lanes.

Service Task: is performed automatically.

From a technical point of view, it is a call of
a service operation.

Script Task: is executed by a business process engine.

Event-based subprocess: is started by an external event. It does

not have any incoming or outgoing sequence flows.

create account

User Task: is executed by a user with the assistance of a software application.

Business Rule Task: provides a mechanism

for the process to provide input to a business process engine.

Transactions: are subprocesses which require special actions

to be taken in case of failure or hazard.

Call Activity Subprocesses: is an independent process that

can be called from various processes.

Manual Task: is expected to be performed

without the aid of any business process
execution engine or any application.

Parallel MultipleStart Event

Event-based subprocess

thrown

Task: represents a single step in a process

or a work unit.

settle travel
expenses

15th of the month

The process can be instantiated through different events.

Call Activity
Global Task

condition

Intermediate Event

quote
sent

MultipleStart Event

Multiple

Parallel Multiple

send
quote

travel expense
accounting received

Script Task

termination
end event

signal
intermediate event

quote
declined

revise
quote

deadline

data store
[state 1,
state 2]

data object
[state]

customer
answer

cancel
quote

Manual Task
failure boundary event
(interrupting)

link
intermediate event

event based
gateway

condition

Call Activity
Subprocess

exception answer

send
order
order
sent

quotation processing

Lane 2 (subordinate)

list
[state1,
state 2]

correct defect

Cancel

Lane (superior)

Compensation

Participant/Pool (White Box)

Process

Collaboration

Error

Text annotation as
loop condition

create
order

perform
travel expenses accounting

timer
intermediate event

perform
travel expense accounting

Send Task

Conditional