NAME

ID

MOHD AMIRRUL

CE089378

MOHD HAZIQ

CE089412

AHMAD NAJMUDDIN

CE090834

NUR FARAHIDA

CE089364

SITI FAIZAH

CE089382

INTRODUCTION
It is one or more layers of material paced immediately
above sub-grade or capping

Together with capping, the unbound pavement course

comprises the road foundation ensuring that the
courses above are adequately supported so that their
full potential is achieved.

THE UNBOUND PAVEMENT

BASE
COURSE

SUBBASE
COURSE

BASE COURSE
Help to distribute the load
Depth is the main factor considered in design

Must not be a cause of failure

Strong enough to carry the load without shear failure
and resultant rutting

Must allow water drainages

Must be durable
The material such as crushed stone, crushed or
uncrushed slag, crush or uncrushed gravel & sand.

The material shall are as

requirement:

The plasticity index shall be not more than 6

The aggregated crushing value shall be not more than 30
The flakiness index shall be not more than 30
Not less than 80% of particles on the B.S 4.75mm sieve
shall have at least one fractured face.
The weighted average loss of weight in the sodium suphate
soundness test(5 cycles)shall not more than 12%
The material shall have a CBR value of not less than 80
when compacted to 95% of the maximum dry density
The gradation shall comply with the envelope shown in
table 2.1 for type specified.

THE TESTING
CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO (CBR)
PLASTICITY INDEX (PI)

AGGREGATE IMPACT VALUE (AIV)

FLAKINESS INDEX (FI)
SOUNDNESS

SIEVE

SUB-BASE COURSE
Must drain readily
Subjected to the much smaller loads

Requirements for sub-base materials are usually givens

in terms of the gradation, plastic characteristic and
strength

The function of sub-base are:

To sustain road base layer and distribute load from the
vehicle

Act as a drainage layer

Can be used as a temporary road during construction
To protect the sub-grade from the failure due to the
climate effect
As a barrier layer to avoid the mixing of sub-grade and
road base materials.

Testing

The liquid limit shall be not more than 25%

The plasticity index shall be not more than 6%
The aggregate crushing value shall be not more than 35%
The material shall have a CBR value of 30 or more when
compacted to 95% of the maximum dry density
The gradation shall conform to one of the envelopes shown in
table 2.2 with the fraction passing the B.S 75 um sieve not greater
than 2/3 of the fraction passing the B.S 425 um sieve.
Laterite sand-which have CBR value 20%
Crushed aggregates-with the size ranging from 75mm to dust
and the CBR value 10 30%
Sub-base material should fullfill the test of CBR, liquid limits,
plastic limits, aggregate impact value (AIV), Los angeles abrasion
(LAA) and sieving.

Granular material picture