UNDERGROUND

MINING
MINING METHOD

UNDRGROUND MINING
Underground mining is a
technique used to access ores
and valuable minerals in the
ground by digging into the
ground to extract them.

UNDRGROUND MINING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Room and Pillar Mining

Vein Mining
Shrinkage Stoping
Sub-level Open Stoping
Big Hole Stoping
Vertical Crater Retreat
Cut and Fill
Long Wall Mining
Sub-Level Caving
Block Caving

UNDRGROUND MINING

UNDRGROUND MINING

UNDRGROUND MINING

UNDRGROUND MINING

UNDRGROUND MINING

UNDRGROUND MINING

LONGWALL MINING
MINING METHOD

LONGWALL MINING
A set of longwall mining
equipment consists of a coal
shearer mounted on conveyor
operating underneath a series
of self-advancing hydraulic
roof supports.

HISTORY
1.

2.

The basic idea of Longwall mining was

developed in England in the late 17th
century, called Shropshire method of
mining.
Starting
around
1900-1940,
mechanization was applied to this
method.

HISTORY

HISTORY

HISTORY

HISTORY

HISTORY

CHARACTERISTIC
Use Power Roof Support

CHARACTERISTIC

CHARACTERISTIC
Has Panel or Long Wall

CHARACTERISTIC
Combine With Room and Pillar

REQUIREMENT
1. Coal Only

REQUIREMENT
2. Horizontal Dip

REQUIREMENT
3. Coal Thickness Around 2 5 meters

REQUIREMENT
4. Depth 100 300 meters

100 300 m

REQUIREMENT
5. panel of coal, typically around
150 - 300 metres wide, 1000 - 3500 metres long

TYPES OF LONGWALL MINING

1. Longwall Retreating

TYPES OF LONGWALL MINING

2. Longwall Advance Mining

TYPES OF LONGWALL MINING

There are two methods used to cut a web of coal
from the longwall face
The "Bi-Directional" (bi-di) method
The shearer cuts a fresh web of coal each time it
traverses up and down the coal face
The "Uni-Directional" (uni-di) method
The shearer cuts a web of coal from one side of
the face to the other and then returns back down
the face to clean up the original web without
further advancement of the powered supports.

DEVELOPMENT
MINING METHOD

PROCESS OF LONGWALL MINING

1.

2.

3.
4.

General Mining Preparing,

Clearing, etc.
Prepare equipment, to dig. Use
Continuous Mining Machine.
Ventilation Development.
Prepare equipment, to mining
Coal.

PROCESS OF LONGWALL MINING

PROCESS OF LONGWALL MINING

EQUIPMENT
MINING METHOD

HEAVY TOOLS
Continuous Mining Machine

HEAVY TOOLS
Shearer

HEAVY TOOLS
Power Roof Support (PRS)

HEAVY TOOLS
Belt Conveyor

HEAVY TOOLS
Armoured Face Conveyor (AFC)

ADVENTAGE/
DISADVENTAGES
MINING METHOD

ADVANTAGES
1.

2.

3.

4.

Very efficient coal production

technique.
Higher productivity than room and
pillar
The amount of coal recovered is
also high.
More safety than room and pillar.

DISADVANTAGES

1.
2.

High capital cost

Very complex mining technique,
because have to much requirement
to improve the panel and the wall.

VIDEOS
MINING METHOD