Elements of health &

Safety Management
System

1. Policy
2. Organisation
3. Planning
4. Implementing
5. Measuring
Performance
6. Auditing with Checking
and Corrective Actions
7. Reviewing Performance
for Continual Improvement
1. May be a legal requirement
2. Insurance Requirement
3. Establish Root Cause
Accident investigation 4. Prevent a Recurrence
reasons
5. Identify Costs
6. Improve a Safety Culture
7. To Learn From the Event
8. Improve Morale
Immediate:
1. Lack of caring
2. Lack of perception
3. Wilful Cause (on purpose)
4. Lack of attention
An accident case 4
Root Causes:
immediate causes & 4
1. Management System Failure
underlying causes (root
2. Negative safety culture
causes)
3. Lack of a safe system of
work
4. Inadequate information,
instruction, training &
supervision
Information in an
accident investigation
report

1. Date
2. Time
3. Location
4. Injured person(s)

5. Witnesses
6. Injuries / losses sustained
7. Equipment / tools involved
8. Costs estimated / known
9. Who investigated
10. IntroductionSummary
11. Main body observations,
legal breaches, likely
enforcement action
12. Recommendation
13. Conclusions
14. Circulation list
1. Complexity of the work to be
undertaken
2. Age of the individual
3. The attitude of the individual
4. Any special needs
5. Previous experience
6. Previous situation reports
Outline the factors that (past accident situations)
may determine the level 7. The peer group attitudeType
of supervision an
of PPE that may be required
employee should
and the need for correct
receive during their
use(i.e. harness
initial period within a
- can fall into incorrect use
company.
over a time period)
8. Level of supervision
available
9. Type of work being
undertaken
10. Substances used and likely
effects
11. Legal requirements
Ways of reducing the
likelihood of human
error in the workplace.

1. Information
2. Instruction
3. Training

4. Supervision
5. Risk Assessment
6. Consultation Adequate rest /
recovery periods
7. Monitoring performance
8. Tasks fit the person and their
abilities and capabilities
1. Not been exposed to the
situation in the past
2. Has worked in the same job
without ill-effect
3. Their attitude does not
care
4. The person may be tired
5. Not had awareness training
Reasons why the
(initial or refresher)
seriousness of a hazard
6. Over-reliance on PPE
may be underestimated
7. Controls not functioning e.g.
by someone exposed to
LEV
it
8. Alarms not operational (CO
H2S)
9. Effects of medication / drugs
/ Alcohol
10. Cumulative impacts of
failures one adding to
another andhaving more
serious consequences
Ways in which
managers can motivate
employees to work
safely.

1. Lead by example
2. Recognising peoples efforts
3. Rewarding efforts
4. Listening to employees
concerns
5. Investigating accidents and
near misses
6. No short cutting safety
7. Explaining why certain

actions have to be taken (why

has the PPE got to be worn)
8. Consultation e.g. meetings
periodically
9. Training, Instruction and
Information provision
A means of working in a safe
manner :
A safe system of work is the
systematic examination of a
task in order to identify all
hazards.
The aim is to produce a safe
work method that will eliminate
or reduce the risks associated
with the identified hazards.
Meaning of the term
`safe system of work'.

It is important to involve
employees that carry out the
work or with detailed
knowledge of the activity, so
that the system of work
produced is effective and
practical as well as safe.
Involving employees with the
process helps them to
understand why this level of
control has to be established
and maintained.

Sources of information
that may need to be
consulted when
developing a safe
system of work.

1. The safe system of work will

include how the task is to be
done,what equipment is
required, what communication
needs must be met and who

can authorise variations to the

procedure.
2. Risk Assessment (potential
hazards)
3. Job Descriptions
4. Permit to work conditions
5. Description of the work to be
done?
6. Existing instructions or
procedures that may need to
be adopted/ adapted
7. Who is required to do the
work and what skills and
abilities will be needed
8. Supervisory requirements
and competencies based work
to be done