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http://www.hku.hk/bse/bbse2001/
Contents
Basic Requirements
Testing Procedures
Extra Low Voltage (ELV)
Typical ELV Systems
Basic Requirements
COP for the Electricity (Wiring) Regulations
19: First inspection, testing and certification
20: Periodic inspection, testing and certification
21: Procedures for inspection,
inspection testing and
certification
Useful guides:
EMSDs
EMSD s Checklists on Items for Inspection and
Testing of Low-voltage Electrical Installations
HECs Guide
id to Connection
i off Supply,
l Chp
h 6&7
Basic Requirements
First inspection, testing and certification
For new work, alternation or addition
Certified by a Registered Electrical Worker (REW)
Completion
p
of an installation
Certification on the design
Certification on the installation
Basic Requirements
Periodic inspection, testing and certification
Fixed installation requiring annual inspection
Place of public entertainment
Premises for manufacturing/storing of dangerous goods
High voltage installations
Basic Requirements
Periodic test certificates
Form WR2 a complete installation
Form WR2(A) Part of an Installation
Testing Procedures
Inspection of L.V.
L V installations, e.g.
eg
Testing Procedures
Testingg procedures
p
(in
( correct sequence)
q
)
Continuity of ring final circuit conductors
Continuity
C ti it off protective
t ti conductors,
d t
including
i l di
main and supplementary equipotential bonding
Earth electrode resistance
Insulation resistance
Polarity
Earth fault loop impedance
Functions of all protective devices
Functions of all items of equipment
Continuity Testers
Digital Multimeter
Circuit nominal
g (Volts)
(
)
voltage
Extra-low voltage *
250
Minimum
insulation
resistance
(megaohms)
0.25
Up to 500 V
500
05
0.5
Above 500 V
1,000
1.0
Earth Bonding
Resistance Meter
Polarity test
(Source: EMSD, 2003. Code of Practice for the Electricity (Wiring) Regulations)
Testing Procedures
Earth fault loop impedance
Measured by a phase-earth loop tester
Three
Th types off ELV sources:
Safety extra low voltage (SELV)
Protective extra low voltage (PELV)
Functional extra low voltage (FELV)
Supports
pp
more free-to-air TV channels,, high
g
definition TV (HDTV) & interactive TV
Support
S
t mobile
bil / portable
t bl reception
ti
How to receive it?
External decoder added between TV socket and
conventional TV set
Integrated digital TV set with decoder built in
Analogue TV
(standard definition)
Digital TV
(high definition)
Stereo sound
(* Si
Simulcast
l
= simultaneous
i l
analogue
l
& digital
di i l broadcasts)
b d
)
(Source: www.digitaltv.gov.hk)
Cable
C bl (e.g.
(
by
b Cable
C bl TV)
Via hybrid fibre coaxial cable (HFC) network
Broadband network
Byy PCCW Media & TVB Pay
y Vision ((Galaxy)
y)
High
g definition TV (HDTV)
(
) equipment
q p
setupp
(Source: www.digitaltv.gov.hk)
(Source: www.asiasat.com.hk)
(Source: www.asiasat.com.hk)
Agila 2 (2)
Apstar VI (VI)
AsiaSat 2 (2)
AsiaSat 3S (3S)
Palapa C2 (Palapa C2)
PanAmSat 2, 8, 7 / 10 (2, 8, 7/10)
Sinosat 1 (1)
Telstar 10 (Apstar IIR) (2R)
Th i
Thaicom
1A,
1A 2,
2 3 (1A,
(1A 2/3)
Old PBXs
PBX use analog
l ttechnology
h l
g
technology
gy
New PBXs use digital
Other functions,
functions e.g.
e g call transfer