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Date:
ii)
iii)
APPARATUS
The apparatus consists of an open channel with a provision for fixing the notch to be
calibrated across it. A centrifugal pump is used to supply water to the channel, the quantity of
which can be varied by adjusting the valve fitted to the supply pipe. There is a hook gauge to
measure the height of water passing through the notch. A measuring tank fitted with a piezometer
is used to measure the actual discharge.
THEORY
A notch is defined as an opening in the side of a tank or vessel such that the liquid surface
in the tank is below the top edge of the opening. And it is used to measure the rate of flow of a
liquid through a small channel or tank.
The theoretical discharge for a triangular notch is given by the equation,
8
Qth =
x tan x 2g x H 5/2
15
2
m3/s
Where,
is the angle of the triangular notch
H is the height of water above sill of the notch.
g is the acceleration due to gravity
In order to account for the frictional and other losses, a discharge co-efficient, Cd is introduced in
the above equation to get the actual discharge.
ie,
Cd =
Qa
Qth
PROCEDURE
1) Start the pump after closing the discharge valve fully.
2) Open the valve to all the water to fill up to the sill level and note down the sill level
reading using the hook gauge.
3) Maintain a constant level of water in the channel by adjusting the discharge valve.
4) Note down the level of water by using hook gauge and also note down the time for h 1 cm
rise of water in the measuring tank.
5) Repeat the experiment for different levels of water.
6) Close the discharge valve and stop the pump.
Qa
Qth
Coefficient of discharge,
Where Qa is the actual discharge in cm3/sec
Qth is the theoritical discharge in cm3/sec
cm2
cm
cm3/s.
cm3/s.
Qth =
8
x tan x 2g x H 5/2
15
2
m3/s
= 981 cm/s2
80 degrees
cm of water
m3/s.
Therefore,
Coefficient of Discharge
Coefficient of discharge,
Cd =
Qa
Qth
=
cm
Qa=K H n
=
RESULTS
1. The coefficient of discharge for the given Triangular notch, Cd =
2. The given Triangular notch is calibrated
3. The graphs Cd Vs H, log Qa Vs log H and Qa Vs H (calibration curve)are plotted.
INFERENCE
VIVA VOICE
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
cm
Cm of
water
water
sec
Actual
discharge
Theoretical
discharge
Qa
Qth
cm3/s
cm3/s
log Qa
log H
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Average coefficient of discharge, Cd =
C d=
Qa
Qth
Qa=K H n
Calibration table
Head in cm of
water
Actual
discharge
Qa=KHn cm3/s