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compressible flows
B. Sanderse, B. Koren
CWI, TU Delft
1 / 22
Overview
Overview
2 / 22
Introduction
Outline
Introduction
Potential flow
Euler flow
Conclusions
3 / 22
Introduction
Motivation
Vision 2020: studying and minimizing the aviation industrys impact on
the global climate. Reductions in:
Fuel consumption
Noise
Emissions
4 / 22
Introduction
Motivation
Vision 2020: studying and minimizing the aviation industrys impact on
the global climate. Reductions in:
Fuel consumption
Noise
Emissions
Development of unconventional aircraft configurations
4 / 22
Introduction
Goal
5 / 22
Introduction
6 / 22
Potential flow
Outline
Introduction
Potential flow
Euler flow
Conclusions
7 / 22
Potential flow
8 / 22
Potential flow
Ghost-cell method
Identification ghost cells and fluid cells.
Boundary condition:
~u ~n = 0
= 0.
n
2
1
m
b
n
n
i
i
(d)
(c)
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
9 / 22
Potential flow
1 x1 y1 x1 y1
a
1
1 x2 y2 x2 y2 b 2
1 x3 y3 x3 y3 c = 3 .
1 x4 y4 x4 y4
d
4
value of m follows from:
m = a + bxm + cym + dxm ym .
2
m
1
i
Case I
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
10 / 22
Potential flow
x
y
x
y
=b
+c
+ d xb
+ yb
= 0,
n
n
n
n
n
b1
m
i
Case II
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
11 / 22
Potential flow
1
1
1
0
x1
x2
x3
x
n b1
y1
y2
y3
y
xb1
n b1
b1
x1 y1
x2 y2
x3 y3
y
n b + yb1
1
a
1
b 2
= .
c 3
x
d
0
n b1
m
i
Case II
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
11 / 22
Potential flow
1
1
x1
x2
x
n b1
x
n b2
y1
y2
y
n b1
y
xb1
xb2
n b2
b1
b2
x1 y1
x2 y2
y
n b1 + yb1
y
n b + yb2
2
a
1
b 2
= 0 .
c
n b1
x
d
0
n b
2
m
i
Case III
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
12 / 22
Potential flow
Results
NACA 0012; 400 points to describe surface.
M = 0.8, = 0 .
Domain 11 5, stretched grid.
1
1.2
1
0.6
0.8
0.4
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.8
0
4.5
5.5
x
6.5
13 / 22
Potential flow
Results
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
IBM 0.005
IBM 0.01
IBM 0.02
0.8
IBM 0.04
0.4
0.6
13 / 22
Euler flow
Outline
Introduction
Potential flow
Euler flow
Conclusions
14 / 22
Euler flow
Governing equations
Unsteady, 2D inviscid flow:
q f (q) g(q)
+
+
=0
t
x
y
(1)
Finite-volume discretization:
ij
dq
= F i1/2,j F i+1/2,j yj + Gi,j1/2 Gi,j+1/2 xi .
dt
15 / 22
Euler flow
Ghost-cell method
Four boundary conditions are needed (Dadone & Grossman, 2004):
1
un = 0
un,i = un,m ,
m
1
i
Case I
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
16 / 22
Euler flow
Ghost-cell method
Four boundary conditions are needed (Dadone & Grossman, 2004):
1
un = 0 un,i = un,m ,
2
2
ut
ut
p
=
pi = pm + 2n
,
n
R b
R b
m
1
i
Case I
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
16 / 22
Euler flow
Ghost-cell method
Four boundary conditions are needed (Dadone & Grossman, 2004):
1
un = 0 un,i = un,m ,
2
2
ut
ut
p
=
pi = pm + 2n
,
n
R b
R b
1/
pi
s
= 0 i = m
,
n
pm
m
1
i
Case I
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
16 / 22
Euler flow
Ghost-cell method
Four boundary conditions are needed (Dadone & Grossman, 2004):
1
un = 0 un,i = un,m ,
2
2
ut
ut
p
=
pi = pm + 2n
,
n
R b
R b
1/
pi
s
= 0 i = m
,
n
pm
2
pi
pm
H
= 0 u2t,i = u2t,m +
.
n
1 m i
2
m
1
i
Case I
B. Sanderse, B. Koren (CWI, TU Delft)
16 / 22
Euler flow
Results
NACA 0012; 800 points to describe surface.
M = 0.8, = 1.25 .
Domain 21 20, stretched grid.
1
1.3
0.8
1.2
0.6
1.1
0.4
0.2
0.9
0.8
0.2
0.7
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.4
0.8
0.3
1
0.5
0.5
1.5
17 / 22
Euler flow
Results
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
IBM 0.04
IBM 0.02
0.8
IBM 0.01
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
18 / 22
Euler flow
19 / 22
Conclusions
Outline
Introduction
Potential flow
Euler flow
Conclusions
20 / 22
Conclusions
Conclusions
21 / 22
Conclusions
22 / 22