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Flashcards about CIS 110 Chapter 14

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CIS110Chapter14
Chapter14ComponentsoftheSystemUnit
Question

Answer

Inthemachinecyclesteps,____istheprocessofcarryingoutcommands.

executing

Inthemachinecyclesteps,____istheprocessofobtainingaprograminstructionordataitemfrommemory.

fetching

Inthemachinecyclesteps,theterm____referstotheprocessoftranslatinginstructionsintosignalsthecomputercan
decoding
execute.
AFireWire____isadevicethatplugsinaFireWireportonthesystemunitandcontainsmultipleFireWireportsin
whichusersplugcablesfromFireWiredevices.

hub

A(n)____cardisacircuitboardthatenhancesfunctionsofacomponentofthesystemunitand/orprovides
connectionstoperipherals.

adapter

Todayscomputerssupport____,whichmeansthecomputerautomaticallycanconfigureadaptercardsandother
peripheralsasusersinstallthem.

plugandplay

Memory____onthemotherboardholdthememorymodules.

slots

A(n)____module,whichisasmallcircuitboardwhereRAMchipsusuallyresideisinsertedintothemotherboard.

memory

Withatypeofmemorymodulecalleda(n)____thepinsonoppositesidesofthecircuitboarddonotconnectandthus
dimm
formtwosetsofcontacts.
AUSB____isadevicethatplugsinaUSBportonthesystemunitandcontainsmultipleUSBportsinwhichusers
plugcablesfromUSBdevices.

hub

A(n)____drivethatfitsintoaportthatisitselfaninterfacethatcanconnectupto127differentperipheralstogether
withasingleconnector

USB

A(n)____flashdriveisaflashmemorydevicethatplugsinaportonacomputerorportabledevice.

usb

A______portisaspecialhighspeedparallelportthatallowsuserstoattachperipheralssuchasdiskdrivesand
printers

SCSI

A____haspinsonoppositesidesofthecircuitboardthatconnecttogethertoformonesetofcontacts.

SIMM(singleinline
memorymodule)

A____housesRDRAMchips.
A____portwasformerlyreferredtoasanIEEE1394port.

firewire

Acomputer____isasmallpieceofsemiconductingmaterial,usuallysilicon,onwhichintegratedcircuitsareetched.

chip

Aprocessorcontainssmallhighspeedstoragelocations,called____,thattemporarilyholddataandinstructions.

REGISTERS

Aspecialtypeofserialportthatconnectsthesystemunittoamusicalinstrument,suchasanelectronickeyboard,is
calleda(n)____port.

MIDI

Atypeofprocessorcalled____onachipintegratesthefunctionsofaprocessor,memory,andavideocardona
singlechip.

system

A(n)____cardconvertscomputeroutputintoavideosignalthattravelsthroughacabletothemonitor,whichdisplays
animageonthescreen

video

A(n)____cardisaremovabledevicethatallowsuserstotransferdataandinformationconvenientlyfrommobile
devicestotheirdesktopcomputers.

memory

A(n)____changerisadevicethatenablesuserstojointwoconnectorsthatarebothfemaleorbothmale

gender

A(n)____circuit,whichisetchedonacomputerchip,containsmanymicroscopicpathwayscapableofcarrying
electricalcurrent.

integrated

A(n)____isasmallceramicormetalcomponentwithfinsonitssurfacethatabsorbsanddispersesheatproducedby
electricalcomponentssuchasaprocessor.

heatsink

A(n)____isanopeninginsidethesystemunitinwhichadditionalequipmentcanbeinstalled.

bay

A(n)____moduleisaremovableflashmemorydeviceaboutonehalfthesizeofaPCCardthataddsmemory,
communications,andmultimediacapabilitiestocomputers.

expresscard

A(n)____processorisachipwithtwoormoreseparateprocessorcores.

multicore

A(n)____,suchasakeyboardorprinter,isadevicethatconnectstothesystemunitandiscontrolledbythe
processorinthecomputer.

peripheral

A(n)____,whichcanbeaperipheralorachip,createssoundfromdigitalinstructions.

synthesizer

A(n)____,whichiscontainedonanintegratedcircuit,canactasanelectronicswitchthatopensorclosesthecircuit
forelectricalcharges.

transistor

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Flashcards about CIS 110 Chapter 14

AMDistheleadingmanufacturerof____compatibleprocessors,whichhaveaninternaldesignsimilartoIntel
processors,performthesamefunctions,canbeaspowerful,butoftenarelessexpensive.

intel

_____________isanalternativetoIrDAthatusesradiowavestotransmitdatabetweentwodevices

bluetooth

Currentprocessorsincludeadvancedtransfercache,atypeof____builtdirectlyonaprocessorchip.

L2cache

______chipsareevenfasterthanSDRAMchipsbecausetheytransferdatatwiceforeachclockcycle

DoubleDataRate
SDRAM(DDRSDRAM)

Eachtickofthesystemclockequatestoa____.

clockcycle

ExpressCardmodulesarethenextgenerationof____Cards.

pc

Forawirelessdevicetotransmitsignalstoacomputerviainfraredlightwaves,boththecomputerandthedevicemust
IrDa
havea(n)____port.
Generally,homeusersusingbasicapplicationsoftwaresuchaswordprocessingshouldhave____ofRAM.

2gborless

HiSpeedUSBisalsoknownas____.

usb2.0

Manycomputershavea(n)____slot,whichisaspecialtypeofexpansionslot.

expresscard

On____,theelectroniccomponentsandmoststoragedevicesarepartofthesystemunitandotherdevices,suchas
thekeyboard,mouse,andmonitor,normallyoccupyspaceoutsidethesystemunit.

desktoppersonal
computers

________________ofyourcomputerrequiresafewbasicproducts,includinglintfreeantistaticwipesandswabs,and
Preventivemaintenance
antistaticwristbandandscreencleaningsolution
Programmersuse____instructionstoprogramaPROMchip.

microcode

ROMchipscalled____containpermanentlywrittendata,instructions,orinformationthatisrecordedwhenthechipis
manufactured.

firmware

RambusDRAM(RDRAM)chipsareanothertypeofDRAMchipsthataremuchfasterthanSDRAMchipsbecause
they____.

usepipelining
techniques

Somecomputerandchipmanufacturersusetheterm____torefertoapersonalcomputerprocessorchip.

microprocessor

Someexternalperipheralssuchasanexternalmodem,speakers,oratapedrivehaveanAC____,whichisan
externalpowersupply.

adapter

SynchronousDRAM(SDRAM)chipsaresynchronizedtothe____________

systemclock

The_______________isbusdesignedtoimprovethespeedwithwhich3Dgraphicsandvideotransmit

AcceleratedGraphics
Port

A_______________isahighspeedexpansionbusthatconnectshigherspeeddevices

pcibus

TheUSB(universalserialbus)andFireWirebusare_____thateliminatetheneedtoinstallcardsinexpansionslots

buses

The____boardisthemaincircuitboardofthesystemunit.

system

The____busforaPCCardisthePCCardbus.

expansion

The____interpretsandcarriesoutthebasicinstructionsthatoperateacomputer.

cpu

The____isthecomponentoftheprocessorthatperformsarithmetic,comparison,andotheroperations.

ALU

The____unitisacasethatcontainselectroniccomponentsofthecomputerusedtoprocessdata.

system

The____unitisthecomponentoftheprocessorthatdirectsandcoordinatesmostoftheoperationsinthecomputer.

control

Thecaseofthesystemunit,sometimescalledthe____,ismadeofmetalorplasticandprotectstheinternalelectronic
chassis
componentsfromdamage.
Thefastertheclockspeed,themore____theprocessorcanexecutepersecond.

instruction

Thefirststepin__________acomputeristurncomputeroff,unplugit,andunplugallcablesfromtheports

cleaning

Thepaceofthesystemclock,calledthe____speed,ismeasuredbythenumberoftickspersecond.

clock

Thepower____isthecomponentofthesystemunitthatconvertsthewalloutletACpowerintotheDCpowera
computerrequires

supply

Theprocessorreliesonasmallquartzcrystalcircuitcalledthe____clocktocontrolthetimingofallcomputer
operations

system

Theroleofmemorytostorebothdataandprogramsisknownasthe____concept.

storedprogram

Thesizeofabus,calledthebus____,determinesthenumberofbitsthatthecomputercantransmitatonetime.

width

The______thebus,thefewerthenumberoftransferstepsrequiredandthefaster,thetransferofdata

wider

Together,thefourbasicoperationsoraprocessor(fetching,decoding,executing,andstoring)comprisea(n)____
cycle.

machine

With____,theprocessorbeginsfetchingasecondinstructionbeforeitcompletesthemachinecycleforthefirst
instruction

pipelining

Withinthecircuitryofacomputer,eachchannelalongwhichbitstransfer,calleda(n)____,allowsthevariousdevices
bothinsideandattachedtothesystemunittocommunicatewitheachother.

bus

____areinstalledininternalbays.

harddiskdrive

____consistsofelectroniccomponentsthatstoreinstructionswaitingtobeexecutedbytheprocessor,dataneededby
memory
thoseinstructions,andtheresultsofprocesseddata(information).
____isacacheseparatefromtheprocessorchiponthemotherboard.

L3cache

____isatypeofnonvolatilememorythatcanbeerasedelectronicallyandreprogrammed,similartoEEPROM.

flashmemory

____isbuiltdirectlyintoaprocessorchipandusuallyhasaverysmallcapacity.

L1cache

____isthemostcommontypeofvolatilememory.

RAM

____sizeisthenumberofbitstheprocessorcaninterpretandexecuteatagiventime.

word

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Flashcards about CIS 110 Chapter 14

____technologyusesacontinuousflowoffluid(s),suchaswaterandglycol,inaprocessthattransferstheheated
fluidawayfromtheprocessor.

liquidcooling

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