PROJECT TITLE:

Project Description

Chapter 2: Research Paradigm and Methodology

2.1. Research Paradigm
2.2. Research Methodology
2.3. Activity Path

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

Chapter 2: Research
Paradigm

and

Methodology
Approach is your personal selection of methods to treat the problem and paradigm is
an accepted and frequently used philosophy of research.
- Attia Zulfiqar University of the Punjab

2.1.

Research Paradigm
A research paradigm is:
a broad view or perspective of something. Taylor, Kermode and Roberts
are patterns of beliefs and practices that regulate inquiry within a discipline by
providing lenses, frames and processes through which investigation is accomplished.
Weaver and Olsons

A. POSITIVISM
The postivism approach on this research will (be):
Emphasized on observation and reason as means to understand human behaviour on

s specialized healthcare facilities.

Essential to enhanced precision on description of parameters and discernment of the
relatioship among human health and environmental sustainability. Emphasized

correlation.
Put interests in cause and effect of architecture on improving human health and

envirnmental sustainability that will be true or acceptable for all in an objective manner.
B. ANTI-POSITIVISM
Anti-positivism is marked by three schools of thought in the social science
research. These are phenomenology, ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism.
All the three schools of thought emphasize human interaction with phenomena in their
daily lives, and suggest qualitative rather than quantitative approach to social inquiry.
- Dr. Nirod K. Dash, IGNOU - Module: Selection of the Research Paradigm and Methodology

Phenomenology
This school of thought state that ones behavior is determined by an experience
or direct interaction of that being on the phenomena. In this school of thought, it can
simply be stated that a researcher must wear the shoes of his/her subject to be able to
interpret or reproduce in his/her mind the sensations and thoughts that are behind the
actions of the subject.
Ethnomethodology

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

This focus on the

study of day-to-day basis of
life. Basically, its about
sociology which interest is mainly on the interpretation of people to make sense of
social settings.
Symbolic Interactionism

This school of thought is basically about human interactions with each other,
interpreting and understanding it. It is said that human beings tends to understand and
interpret each others action instead of simply reacting on it. Symbolic interactionism
used different media such as language to give an interpretation on an object. The main
goal of this school of thought is to understand human interaction and resulting patterns
of different social organization by focusing on an individuals ability to interpret an
object, resulting to human beings changing not only themselves through interaction but
also the societies.
This three school of thoughts is what is being used in doing architectural case
studies and behavioral studies. These forms of studies are subjective in manner which
is a quality of Anti-Positivism. All dats gained in this form of studies is based on the
researchers interpretation in the subjects.
C. CRITICAL THEORY
Three types of interests which generated three types of knowledge formulated
by Habermas:

A technical interest concerned with the control of the physical

environment, which generates empirical and analytical knowledge.

A practical interest concerned with understanding the meaning of

situation, which generates hermeneutic and historical knowledge.

An emancipating interest concerned with the provision for growth and
advancement, which generates critical knowledge and is concerned with exposing
conditions of constraints and domination.

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

- Dr. Nirod K. Dash, IGNOU - Module: Selection of the Research Paradigm and Methodology

Source: Dr. Nirod K. Dash, IGNOU - Module: Selection of the Research Paradigm and Methodology

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

Source: http://www.personal.psu.edu/wxh139/paradigm.htm

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

2.2.

Research Methodology
A methodology is a
system

of

organising

principles underlying an area of study. It is a form of standardisation or framework,

allows things to be compared on a like-forlike basis, and allows findings to be
replicated so as to validate them. Methodology also ensures that findings are as true
to reality and it is the framework that allows the body of human knowledge to progress.
Through using a standard approach to creating new information, all people working
within a given field can continually review, refine and validate (or invalidate) previous
findings, until knowledge that is as accurate as possible is found.
- Research Strategies, Tactics and Paradigms Relevant to a Specific PhD Thesis
in MAP-I Program by Vahid Nazari Talooki

This research study will be guided by the principles of Positivism, Antipositivism and Critical theory and will follow the following step-by-step procedures:
-

Project Overview
Definition of the Issue
Development of Tools and Information
Identification of a Solution
Planning Development and Investigation
Formulation of Conclusions and Recomendations

1
Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

Site Investigations

Case
Studies

Research
Work

Site 2
Site 3
Site 4

Site 1

Philippine Lung Center

Bicol Regional Training and Teaching Hospital

Census

NSO

Philippine Lung Center

Site investigations

Site Analysis

Site Visits

Inquiry
Research
Interview
Reference Resourcing
Site Visits

Inquiry
Research
Interview
Reference Resourcing

Inquiry
Research
Interview
Reference Resourcing

Research
Reference Resourcing

National Library of The Philippines

Bicol Regional Training and Teaching Hospital

Inquiry
Research
Interview
Reference Resourcing

ACTIVITY
Inquiry
Research
Interview
Reference Resourcing

Legazpi City Hall

Planning & Development Office
Office of the City Engineer
Assesors Office
Office of the City Health Officer
Registry of Deeds or Taxations

DOH-Reg V Regional Office

DOH-Central Office

OBJECTIVE

Site Data

Site Pictures

Medical Facilities & Services

Patients Statistics & Analysis
Employees and Departments
Guidelines for Hospital & Health Facilites Planning & Design
Waste Disposal Planning and Design
As-Built Plans

-Population of Bicolanos
-Morbidity and Mortality of Bicolanos

OUTPUT
-Guidelines for Hospital & Health Facilites Planning & Design
-Health Statistics and Analysis of Bicolanos
-Hospital Lists and Medical Services and Number of Beds
-Waste Disposal Planning and Design Requirements
-Certifications
-Design Requirements / Standards / Guidelines
-Comprehensive Land Use Plan
-Medium-Term Development Plan
-Site Datas / Available Lots
-Socio-Economic Profile
-Geographic Profiles / Hazard Maps
-Hisortical Backgrounds
-Health Statistics and Analysis of Bicolanos
-Hospital Lists and Medical Services
-Hospital & Healthcare -PlanningDesign Requirements / Standards / Guidelines
-Related Literatures
-Medical Facilities & Services / Number of Beds
-Patients Statistics & Analysis
-Employees and Departments
-Guidelines for Hospital & Health Facilites Planning & Design
-Waste Disposal Planning and Design
-As-Built Plans

PROJECT TITLE:
Project Description

2.3.

Chapter 2: Research Paradigm & Methodology

ti

vi

Path