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go through a thoughtful and meaningful process to identify and improve their quality
management system. A quality management system is the totality of organizational processes,
people, internal controls, resources, and goals focused on producing a given output that meets
defined specifications.
Examples of Quality Management Systems
A quality management system can be 'home grown,' meaning that an organization defines and
documents all the necessary components of a quality management system without basing it on
any model or framework. In fact, while most organizations do rely on one of many quality
management models, the most successful companies are those that adapt the model and make it
uniquely theirs.
Popular quality management models or frameworks include ISO9001, Six Sigma, and Total
Quality Management (TQM). Each of these serve as a framework that organizations can use as
a guide to design their own system. Some, like ISO9001, are more prescriptive than others, like
TQM, but each has been used successfully by many companies to improve the quality of their
processes and products.
Key Components of Quality Management Systems
While each quality management system will be unique to the industry and organization, there are
key components that should be included, to some extent. First, quality needs to be defined.
Because a quality management system is intended to ensure a desired output, quality must be
defined in terms of that output.
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1. Check sheet
2. Control chart
Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts
(after Walter A. Shewhart) or process-behavior
charts, in statistical process control are tools used
to determine if a manufacturing or business
process is in a state of statistical control.
If analysis of the control chart indicates that the
process is currently under control (i.e., is stable,
with variation only coming from sources common
to the process), then no corrections or changes to
process control parameters are needed or desired.
3. Pareto chart
5.Ishikawa diagram
Ishikawa diagrams (also called fishbone diagrams,
herringbone diagrams, cause-and-effect diagrams, or
Fishikawa) are causal diagrams created by Kaoru
Ishikawa (1968) that show the causes of a specific event.
[1][2] Common uses of the Ishikawa diagram are product
design and quality defect prevention, to identify potential
factors causing an overall effect. Each cause or reason for
imperfection is a source of variation. Causes are usually
grouped into major categories to identify these sources of
variation. The categories typically include
People: Anyone involved with the process
Methods: How the process is performed and the
specific requirements for doing it, such as policies,
procedures, rules, regulations and laws
Machines: Any equipment, computers, tools, etc.
required to accomplish the job
Materials: Raw materials, parts, pens, paper, etc.
used to produce the final product
Measurements: Data generated from the process
that are used to evaluate its quality
Environment: The conditions, such as location,
time, temperature, and culture in which the process
operates
6. Histogram method