Panipat Thermal Power Station

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Introduction

Total capacity of this P.T.P.S. (Panipat Thermal

Power Plant) is 1367.8 MW.
Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Coal-fired thermal power plant

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Inputs to a thermal power plant

Water: -

Water has been taken from nearby Yamuna canal. This

water is lifted by raw water pumps and is sent to water
treatment plant for demineralization. The de-mineralized
water is then utilized for further process.

Coal: The coal reaches the plant in the railway wagons. The
unloading of coal is sent to the coal storage yard through the
conveyor belt.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

 Fuel oil: -

Fuel oil used is heavy oil the heavy fuel oil reaches the
power station through the lorry tankers. Heavy oil is stored
tanks in oil storage yard and is conveyed to the boiler through
pipelines having a set of pumps.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Functional description &

working of the plant

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Diagram of Coal Supply System

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Coal Supply System

Then this coal is
carried by the
conveyor belt up to
crusher house where
it is crushed to
normal size of 2 mm
& then coal is carried
directly to coal
bunkers attached
with the coal mills.

The primary fuel

coal is brought by
railways to coal
handling station.
These are
unloaded with the
help of trippers.

All the coal pieces

are passed
through mesh to
avoid the entry of
coal piece.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

In coal mills, coal

is converted into
fine pulverized
powder with the
help of big rollers
& is taken into
furnace with the
help of hot
primary air.

BOILER
Water tube
boiler

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Boiler(continued)
To burn the coal in the boiler air is needed,
which is supplied by the forced draft fan
(FD fan). Amount of air to be supplied by
the fan is controlled by the C&I unit.

Water is supplied by the boiler feed pump.

HFO (heavy furnace oil) is an another

input to the boiler. It is needed for the
starting of the boiler.
Tuesday, February 17, 2015

 ROTOR-AIR HEATER: For proper burning of coal in the boiler air is drawn
from the atmosphere by a forced draft fan and is admitted to the
furnace. Before introducing the forced air to the furnace, air is
heated by the air heater by utilizing the heat of the fuel gas.

Boiler drum: In case of emergency, boiler drum act as an reservoir.

It supplies water for 3-4 hours when water supply is cut off due to
any reason.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

 Boiler is divided into

13 zones which is
between 14-24 m
height.
The zones A, B, C, D, E,
and F are for the coal
firing inside the
furnace.
The zones AB, CD, EF
are for the oil firing
and the zones AA, BC,
DE, FF are for
supplying the
secondary air damper.
Tuesday, February 17, 2015

13 zones of furnace

Firing inside
the boiler

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

FIRING INSIDE THE BOILER

With the help of oil guns, oil is supplied inside boiler.
Firing is started by the igniters by providing a signal from the C&I

unit or it can be done manually.

The firing inside the furnace is done tangentially at the corners in
the pairs i.e. first at 1,3 then at 2,4 then at 1,3 and so on and in this
way fire bowl is created and its temperature rises in upward
direction.
While firing inside the furnace the oil support is given of 30 min
and a steam of 375 tones and 540C temperature is generated from
the 400 tones water supplied.
Due to the burning of coal, heat is produced which converts water
into steam.
Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Waste disposal

Flue gases and the unburnt small particles

are removed out from
the furnace with the
help of ID fan
(induced draft fan).

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

These flue are passed

through electrostatic
precipitator. In this, fly
ash comes between the
opposite charged plates.
They gets charged and is
attracted towards the
plates, where powered
particle integrate to large
size and can be removed
by hammering the ESP.

Ash is not discharged as

such to pollute the land, air
and water. But the slurry of
ash is made in ash
handling plant and this
slurry is dumped in
wasteland kept for this
purpose.

Flue gas stack

or Chimney

It is used to remove
those particles which
do not settle down in
the electrostatic
precipitator.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

STEAM
TURBINE

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Operation of steam turbine

Steam produced inside tubes due to burning of the coal is

used by the steam turbine to rotate the rotor of the turbo

generator.
The energy of the steam is transformed in Kinetic energy by
means of nozzle. Then the K.E. of the impacting jet is
converted into force doing works on the rings of blades
mounted on a rotating part is known as steam turbine.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Condenser
The steam is then
passed through
condenser. In the
condenser , steam is
cooled down so that
cooled steam i.e.
water can be fed to
the boiler again.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Before the water is

fed to the boiler
again, water is passed
through the Deaerator to remove
any dissolved gases
present in it.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

De-aerator

In condenser, there is a coil

from which cold water is
allowed to pass. When steam
from LP turbine is passed
through them, then it gets
converted into water and this
water in the pipes gets
heated. This heated water is
cooled in the cooling tower
and again the water is
pumped to condenser
through CW pumps.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

TURBOGENERATOR

3-phase alternator

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Working of turbo generator

Rotor rotates in the magnetic field generated by DC.
Due to the rotation, flux changes & an EMF is induced

due to the change in flux.

To keep a frequency of 50Hz, the rotor is rotated at 3000
rpm.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Step-up transformer

The electricity that is

produced by
generators is stepped
up using 3 phase step
up transformer.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Power transmission line

The stepped up
power is then fed to
the transmission line
and is forwarded to
homes, schools,
markets and
businesses.

Tuesday, February 17, 2015

Tuesday, February 17, 2015