Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(1s to 4th
December, 2014)
INTRODUCTION
A geological trip to study of Himayalayan geology led by Prof.
(Dr.) A.K Singh to Dehradun. The trip guided by Dr. R.J Azmi
and accompanied by Dr. U.S Prasad. The trip was organized for
four day study tour of field exposure of different stratigraphic
sequence, sedimentology and tectonic settings of himayalayan
region of Dehradun Mussoorie sector of Garhwal region consisting
of the lesser Himalayan and Sub-himalayan .
DAY- 1
MALDEVTA AREA, DEHRADUN
Stop2: Chandpur
The Chandpur Formation is exposed along this mule track from
the Toll barrier to Pathanghat for about 1.5km. The sequence
consists of black to grey argillites with interbedded sandstone and
siltstone. Sandstone and siltstone within the argillites are 2 to 15
em thick and show laminations. The sandstone gets relatively
thicker in the upper part and can be traced for few hundred
meters. These sandstones show laminations and pass upward into
Nagthat Formation. The scale of lamination, continuity of thinly
bedded units and straight planar contacts between layers indicate
their deposition under low energy conditions, most probably in
lagoons in the nearshore shelf.
Stop3: Naghathat (middle shivalik)
The Nagthat Quartzite occurs for a distance of about 750 meters
at Pathanghat. The thinly bedded Chandpur Formation passes
transitionally into thinly to thickly bedded sequence of siltstone
with interbedded argillites (mudstones) in the lower part. It shows
laminations and is grey to purple coloured. Higher up, thinly
bedded quartzite sandstone with interbedded shale pass into
thickly-bedded grey to white quartzite. Locally gritty quartzite is
p'resent. Near the contact of Blaini Formation glauconitic and
pyritebearing quartzite is present. Trough cross stratification,
ripple be.dding and parallel lamination are commonly observed.
Interbedded siltstone and mudstone show sharp contact
relationship. The mixed type of facies (interbedded quartzite,
siltstone and rarely shale) have been deposited in mixed to sandy
tidal flat environment (Singh, 1978).
Stop4: Bandel River
These are evidence of a source existence. Plenty of limestone are
founded. Sandy matrix rocks are also be found. crol D limestone
are present. Microbial activity is very high. We get salt
psuedomorphous. We saw shale with organic content (high
phosphorous phosphate).
DAY- 2
RISHIKESH
DAY- 3
MUSSOORIE
DAY- 4
SAHARANPUR DISTRICT
Stop1: 2A
Stop 2A is located on culvert No.164/3 at ,...., 21.8kilometer from
Dehra Dun on the Mohand-Dehra Dun road. A spectacular scarp
face of northeast dipping sandstones occurs in a minor tributary
of the Mohand Rao.The sandstones are grey and medium-grained.
They contain isolated clasts of rounded quartzite.
Megascopically,quartz and micaceous minerals are identifiable.
Stop2: 2B
Stop 2B is located at the Iron Bridge (21.6 km from Dehra Dun)
and Mohand Rao intersection (Fig. 2). There are cliff-forming
sandstones on the southern bank of the river. Low-lying river-bed
outcrops trending 110"-390 are, however, the subject of interest
at this outcrop. The extent of these low-lying exposures is 40 m
SUMMARY
The lithofacies and palaeoenvironments emphasized in the Siwalik
Group are: sandstone mudstone units of channelbar-flood plain
origin (Stop 1), multistoried sandstone bodies of major channel
belt (Stop 21. Fining upward sandston~ (channel bars) of sandy
braided
streams
(Stop
3),
sandstone-pebbly-sandstoneconglomerate sequences representing the transition from a sandy
braided fluvial system to a gravel bedload braided fluvial system
(Stop 4) and conglomerate-sandstone beds representing distal
alluvial fan deposits (Stop 5). In the Lesser Himalayan sequence,
the lithofacies and paleo-environments emphasised are: very
thinly laminated siltstone and sandstone of Chandpur Formation
representing a muddy near-shore shelf sequence (Stop 6),
crossbedded and laser-bedded quartzites' of Nagthat Formation
representing coastal sandbar complex of a shallow tidal sea (Stop
7), immature polymictic conglor6erates of Blaini Formation
repre~enting debris flows in a shallow sea (Stop8). interbedded
siltstone and sandstone of Infra-Krol Formation representing nearshore shelf facies, thinly bedded marl and limestone of basal part
of Krol Formation (Krol A) indicating predominantly carbonate flat
facies (Stop 9), green and red shale of Krol B (Stop 10),, Upper
Krol carbonates (Krol C, D and E) representing intertidalSupratidal
flats of a tidal sea (Stop 1Q-13) and siltstonemudstone- sandstone
and quartzite of the Tal Formation representing the deposits of a
shallow tidal complex (Stop14).
-THE END