Unit 4 - Solutions

Time Frame
Competencies
C1.
C2.
C3.

5 weeks
Gain understanding of solutions and the dissolving process.
Appreciate solutions at work in the natural environment.
Understand the concepts of mole, solution, solvent, solute, solubility, and
concentration.

TYPES OF SOLUTIONS
Time Frame: 1 session
I. Learning Objectives
At the end of the session, the students must be able to describe different types of
solutions. They must be able to:
1. Enumerate the different types of solution based on the final state of the solution;
2. Give examples of each type of solution.
II. Subject Matter
A.
Topic: Types of solutions, the dissolving process
B.

C.

References
1. Department of Education, Culture and Sports. (1991). Science and Technology III.
Quezon City: Book Media Press, pp. 126-128.
2. Brown, Theodore L., LeMay, H. Eugene Jr., and Bursten, Bruce E., (2000).
Chemistry the Central Science. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp. 105-108.
3. Hill John W., and Kolb, Doris K.(1995). Chemistry for Changing Times, 7th
Edition. London: Prentice Hall International, pp. 18-19.
Materials
freshly boiled water
litmus paper
bendable straw
plastic bottle
teaspoon
vinegar
baking soda
denatured alcohol

III. Learning Tasks

A. Recall and Motivation
1.
solute.

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Review the concept of solvent and

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2.

What are the states of solutes and

solvents?

ii.
2.

Lesson Proper
Activity: Dissolving Gas in Water (SAS 4-02a)
a.
Prepare a carbon dioxide generator using the
following set-up:

b.

You can replace the glass tube with a bendable straw

but make sure it is snugly fit into the cork.

c.

React vinegar and baking soda to get carbon dioxide

and bubble into a plastic bottle with freshly boiled water.

d.

After a while check the acidity using blue litmus

paper to see if carbon dioxide was dissolved in the water.

e.

Bubble carbon dioxide also into a balloon half-filled

with air.

3.

Discussion/ Concept Formation

a.
Did the litmus paper change
color? If the carbon dioxide was absorbed by water, the solution will be
acidic, changing the litmus paper from blue to pink.
b.

Identify

the

solute

and

the

solvent in both cases.

c.

Then classify based on the final

state of the solution (solid solution, liquid solution and gaseous solution).

d.

Can a gas dissolve in gas? In

liquid?

4.

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Activity: Dissolving Liquid in Water (SAS 4-02b)

a.
Dissolve about 60 drops of denatured alcohol in
water.
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b.

Observe the physical appearance.

c.

Put a pencil in the container and observe the way it

refracts light compared with that of pure water.

d.

5.

Compare the smell of the two.

Discussion/ Concept Formation

a.
Was there a big difference in
physical appearance of the liquid after the denature alcohol was added?
Did light refract differently?
b.

Identify the solute.

c.

Which is the solvent?

d.

Then classify based on the final

state of the solution (solid solution, liquid solution and gaseous solution).

e.
6.

Can a liquid dissolve in liquid?

Activity: Dissolving a Solid (SAS 4-02c)

Dissolve a teaspoon of baking soda in water. After a while check the acidity
using pink litmus paper to see if baking soda was dissolved in the water.

7.

Discussion/ Concept Formation

a.

Did the litmus paper change

color?

b.

Identify the solute.

c.

Which is the solvent?

d.

Then classify based on the final

state of the solution (solid solution, liquid solution and gaseous solution).

e.
C.
1.

Can a solid dissolve in liquid?

Generalization
Gases dissolve in other gases, as we experience in air.
Nitrogen, which is about 80% of the mixture, is considered the solvent. Here we
have a gaseous solution.

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2.

Gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide are soluble in water. We

experience this in carbonated drinks and sparkling wine (champagne). We have a
liquid solution, but the solute is a gas.

3.

Liquids like alcohol and acetone are soluble in water. Beer,

rubbing alcohol, and other natural juices are examples of this. We also have a
liquid solution here.

4.

Solids like salt, baking soda, and sugar are common solutes in
water.

D.

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5.

Three types of solutions based ion its final state are solid
solution, liquid solution and. gaseous solution.

6.

Aqueous solution is a solution where the solvent is water.

Alcohol or any other organic solvent can also be used as a solvent and the solution
is called an organic solution.

Application / Valuing
Because solutes in different states can dissolve in a variety of solvents, we experience
a world that is full of change.

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