SECTION A

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

B
B
C
D
A
A
C
D
C
C
B
D
C
D
D
A
A
C
B
D

SECTION B
1. a)

b)

(i)

Economic, Business

(2m)

(ii)

The curriculum
The assessment approaches
Any suitable answers

(2m)

(i)

C(x) =
=

C ' ( x)dx

50 x

1
50 x 2

1
2

= 100 x

1
2

dx

(1m)

1
+C
2

(1m)

Given fixed cost is 2500. Solve C(0) = 25000

(1m)

C = 25000
C(x) = 100 x

1
+ 25000
2

(1m)

121

(ii)

C (121) C (100)

100

= 100 121 +25000 - 100

= 100
Cost increment is RM 100

100 + 25000

(1m)
(1m)
Total

2.

a)

(i)

Ciphertext - the transformed message

(1m)

(ii)

plaintext the original intelligible message

(1m)

b)

WBISPJRLFJYFWAVNYHWOF

c)

ZENOPARADOXES

10m

(4m)
(4m)
Total

10m

3.

a)

(i)

a) 111000

(ii)

b) 101101

(2m)
(2m)

000000 001011 010101 011110

100110 101101 110011 111000
(6m)
b)

(i)

Matrix (i) does not define a singe-error correcting code since its columns are not all none zero and unique
eg columns 2, 6 and 10 are the same
Matrix (ii) defines a single error correcting its columns are all non zero and unique
(2m)

(ii)

Matrix (i) does not correspond to a Hamming code since its column are not all zero and unique
Matrix (ii) also does not correspond a Hamming code since it does not contain every possible non zero
column for it should have 2r 1 =24 1 = 15 columns
(3m)
Total

4.

a)

10m

- In the absence of predators, the population of prey grows exponentially

- In the absence of prey, the number of predators decreases exponentially
- The number of prey is reduced at the rate proportional to the number of possible interactions between prey and
predators
- There is a corresponding increase in predators at a rate proportional to the number of interactions
(2m)

b)

Equilibrium point mean critical point of the system and an equilibrium point

dx
0,
dt

dy
0
dt

, Thus the

equilibrium
point

c a
,

d b

is the centre and all solutions of system are periodic for both x and y - (40, 35)
(4m)

c)

The prey population starts to decline when it reaches 120 (refers to outer cycle). There is a corresponding increase in
predators at a rate proportional to the number of interactions
(4m)
Total

10m

SECTION C
1. a)

A Repetition code of length 3 is being used transmit a message.

Error probability in a single digit is 0.01
i)
Code word
000, 001, 010, 100
101, 011, 110, 111
(5m)
ii)

The probability of decoding message as 1

Pr(101) = 0.01 x 0.99 x 0.01 = 0.000099
Pr(011) = 0.99 x 0.01 x 0.01 = 0.000099
Pr(110) = 0.01 x 0.01 x 0.99 = 0.000099
Pr(111) = 0.01 x 0.01 x 0.01 = 0.000001
= 3 x 0.000099 + 0.000001
= 0.000298
(5m)

b)

2.

i)

000011, 000000, 001111, 011110

010110, 001001, 000000, 100100
001010, 100111, 101001, 011000
101000
2 places error

ii)

remaining letters are: A GO_D RES_LT

iii)

A GOOD RESULT

a)

dx
ax bxy ex
dt
dy
cx bxy fy
dt

(2m)
(4m)
(4m)

i)

c f ae
,

b
d

ii)

f >0 and 0 < e < a

iii)
f=0)

Equilibrium number of ladybirds will decrease whilst equilibrium number of aphids remains unchanged (since

(3m)

(3m)

(4m)
b)
i)

- In the absence of predators, the population of prey grows

- In the absence of prey, the number of predators decreases

exponentially
exponentially
(3m)

ii)

dx
0.2 x 0.0025 xy
dt
dy
0.1 y 0.002 xy
dt

3.

a)

i)

(0, 0) saddle point

(3m)

(50, 80) Equilibrium point

(4m)

Arguments based on story of Achilles and Tortoise Zeno

is arguing is that you cant do an infinite number of tasks in a finite of time.
Zeno says that you can divide a line into an infinite number of pieces and then he says that you cannot divide
a time interval into an infinite number of pieces.
(6m)

ii)

Animation counts to infinite, in 8 seconds

any suitable answer

(4m)

b)

Area of triangle = bh
The regular n-gon has n sides, and thus n such triangles.
So the area of a regular n-gon is n( bh)
Thus A = h (nb)
= hQ
(10m)