APES Chapter 12: Food, Soil, and Pest Management

Student Notes
Teacher Notes
Case Study: Golden Rice: Grains of Hope or an Illusion?
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1. What makes golden rice different from
traditional rice? Why would this be an
advantage?
Eating 200-300 grams (about 1101.5 cups) of their
latest golden rice strain per day should provide
enough vitamin A to prevent blindness and
susceptibility to common Childhood infections.
2. What areas of the world would most
benefit from the use of golden rice?
Support your answer.
LDC's because food is limited there became at the
maid growth of population.
Section 12-1: What is food security and why is it difficult to attain?
1. Compare and contrast the terms: chronic
under nutrition and chronic malnutrition.
Where do most people suffering from
under nutrition and malnutrition live? Why
do you think this is?
Chronic Under nutrition: Where people who
cannot grow or buy enough food to meet their
basic energy needs suffer.
Chronic Malnutrition: deficiencies or protein and
Other key nutrients.
2.

List the three macronutrients for human

nutrition and provide the sources of each.
Proteins (animals and some plants), Carbohydrate
(wheat, corn and rice), and Lipids (animal fats,
nuts, oils).
3.

Describe micronutrients and what the

body uses them for.
Micronutrients are vitamins, minerals, iodine, and
calcium.

4.

List the resulting disease from the

deficiency of:

1.
2.
3.
5.

Iron: Anemia
Vitamin A: Deficiency
Iodine: goiter

Describe the term famine. Name at least

3 causes for famine.
Occurs When there is a severe shortage of food in
an area Accompanied by mass starvation, many
deaths, economic chaos, and Social disruption.
Crop Failures from drought, flooding, war and
other catastrophic events.

6.

Describe the term over nutrition. Where

do most people suffering from over
nutrition live? Why do you think this is?
Occurs when food energy intake exceeds energy
use and calm excess body fat
Section 12-2: How is food produced?
1. What three types of systems produce
most of human food? List them in order
from most to least.

Croplands.

Oceanic fisheries

Rangelands, Pastures, and feedlots.

2.

List the three types of plants that feed

most of the world.
Rice, wheat, and corn.
3. Describe the current industrial type of
agriculture. Why is this the dominant
method for growing food?
Industrialized agriculture which uses heavy
equipment and large amounts Of financial capital,
fossil fuel, Water, Commercial fertilizers, and
pesticides to produce single crops, or
monocultures.
4.

What are the impacts on the environment

from modern agriculture?
CO 2 emissions, deforestation, erosion, water
pollution which
5.

Describe the traditional methods used for

agriculture. Why are they no longer the
dominant methods for growing food?
Traditional subsistence agriculture um mostly
human Labor and animals to produce crops for the
farmers family And a little to sea Traditional
Intensive agriculture increases use or human and
animal labor as well as fertilizer and human.
6.

What are the impacts on the environment

from traditional agriculture?
slash and bum Agriculture Can canoe deportation
traditional agriculture can also cause nutrient
depletion
7.

List the four horizons of soil and what is

located at each level.
Horizon-leaf litter (fern, trees, honey fungus,
grass)
Horizon topsoil (earthworms, red earth mites,
bacteria, fungus, nematode)
Horizon-subsoil (root systems)
Horizon-parent Material (bed rock)
8.

What is the green revolution? What are

the impacts on the environment from

these systems?
The green revolution started in 1950. There was
an increase of 88% of the global food production.
The green revolution has caused many issues like
pollution and degradation.
9. Describe agribusiness and list its impacts
on the environment. The green revolution
ocean in 1950 and Wd s
Agribusiness is a small number of giant
multinational corporations who continue to
increase their control on
10. What role do genetically modified
organisms play in modern agriculture?
List both the Advantages and
disadvantages of using GMOs.

11. Provide examples of genetic modifications

to crops being used today.

12. Which type of food have a greater

ecological footprint: meats & dairy or
vegetables? Support your answer.

13. Describe aquaculture and list its impacts

on the environment.

Section 12-3: What environmental problems arise from food production?

1. List 5 harmful effects for commercial
agriculture.

2.

List natural and human causes for soil

erosion. What types of problems results
from soil erosion?

3.

Describe desertification. What areas are

most likely to experience desertification?

4.

Explain the causes for salinization and

waterlogging. What can be done to treat
these two problems?

5.

What are possible solutions to make

modern agriculture more sustainable?

6.

Explain how seed banks are being used to

maintain biodiversity.

7.

How is biodiversity affected by modern

agriculture? Is this a major concern?
Support your answer.

Section 12-4: How can we protect crops from pests more sustainably?
Labor and animals to produce crops for the
farmers family And a little to sea Traditional
Intensive agriculture increases use or human and
animal labor as well as fertiliser and human.
agriculture increases use or human and animal
labor as well as fertiliser and human.
Labor and animals to produce crops for the
farmers Labor and animals to produce crops for
the farmers family And a little to sea Traditional
Intensive agriculture increases use or human and
animal labor as well as fertiliser and human.
fLabor and animals to produce crops for the
farmers family And a little to sea Traditional
Intensive agriculture increases use or human and
animal labor as well as fertiliser and human.
amily And a little to sea Traditional Intensive
agriculture increases use or human and animal
labor as well as fertiliser and human.
2.

How can pests be beneficial to the

environment? Provide specific examples.

3.

Contrast the terms broad-spectrum and

selective agents. Which is less harmful to
the environment? Support your answer.

4.

Describe the difference between first

generation, second generation, and
modern-day pesticides. Which is the most
sustainable? Support your answer.

5.

What is persistence and how does it apply

to agriculture? Is it a major concern?
Support your answer.

6.

Explain how Rachel Carsons Silent

Spring had an impact on the use of
pesticides. Do you feel as though her
ideas continue to influence the
environmental movement today? Support
your answer.

7.

How can genetically modified organisms

reduce the use of pesticides? Is this a
positive or negative impact on the
environment?

8.

What three US agencies are responsible

for assuring the safety of the food supply?
Provide examples of how each
accomplishes this task.

9.

What is the boomerang effect?

10. List at least 5 alternatives to the use of

chemical pesticides.

11. Describe integrated pest management.

List advantages and disadvantages.

Section 12-5: How can we improve food security?

1. List at least 4 ways UNICEF works to
reduce malnutrition in children worldwide.
Section 12-6: How can we produce food more sustainably?
1. List and describe 5 soil conservation
methods.

2.

Contrast the terms till and no-till farming.

Which method reduces erosion? Explain
your answer.

3.

What happened in the Dust Bowl of the

1930s? Could it happen again today?
Support your answer.

4.

What are the three active ingredients in

commercial fertilizers? Why are these
nutrients used?

5.

What are the three types of organic

fertilizer? Explain how their use impacts
the environment.

6.

How can crop rotation improve agricultural

yields? Explain your answer.

7.

What methods can be used to prevent

and correct soil salinization?

8.

What methods can be used to prevent

and correct desertification?

9.

How can we produce meat more

sustainably?

10. Describe organic farming. List at least 3

more strategies for more sustainable
agriculture.

11. Does organic farming have an overall

positive or negative impact on the
environment? Support your answer.

12. What is a perennial? What would be the

benefits of shifting to perennial crops and
away from annuals?

13. How can buying local produce have a

positive impact on the environment?
Support your answer.