Homework chemmy

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

EXERCISE
FORM 5 CHAPTER 5 CHEMICALS FOR CONSUMERS
1.

/P2/Q2
(a) In preparing soap, a strong alkali solution is added to fats. The mixture is heated
and then sodium chloride is added.
(i)
Name one strong alkali used in preparing soap.

[1 mark]
(ii)

Why is sodium chloride added to the mixture?

[1 mark]

(b)

The statement below is about soap and a detergent.

The cleaning action of a detergent is more

effective than a soap in hard water.
You have two socks stained with oil.
Describe briefly, the experimental procedure, observations and conclusions to
prove the above statement, by using substances such as soap, detergent and hard
water.
Procedure of the experiment:

..
..
..
..
[3 marks]
Observations:

..
[1 mark]

Conclusions:
..
.
[1 mark]

Homework chemmy
(c)

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

Analgesic and psychotherapeutic medicines are used to treat patients. Aspirin is

an analgesic medicine and barbiturate is a psychotherapeutic medicine.
(i)
What is the function of a barbiturate?
..
[1 mark]
(ii)

Children are advised not to take aspirin because it bleeding of the intestine
and stomach.
Suggest one after other medicine to replace the aspirin.
..
[1 mark]

(iii)

Figure 2 shows the structural formula of aspirin.

Figure 2
What is the molecule formula of aspirin?
..
[1 mark]
(iv)

What is the molecular mass of aspirin?

Use the information that the relative atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12 and O =
16.

[1 mark]

2.

/P2/Q2
The following equation shows a reaction in the preparation of soap in a laboratory.
boil
Palm oil + concentrated sodium hydroxide
sodium palmitate (soap) + Glycerol

(a)

What is the name of this reaction?

[1 mark]
[F5 Chapter 2 Carbon compounds]

Homework chemmy
(b)

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

(i)
What is the homologous series of palm oil?
..
[1 mark]
(ii)

Complete the anion part of the soap particle in the space provided.

[1 mark]
[F4 Chapter 8 Salts]
(c)

A pupil want to prepare a potassium palmitate soap.

What alkali should he use?

[1 mark]

(d)

Figure 2.1 shows part of the washing action of detergent particles on a grease
stained cloth.

Figure 2.1
(i)

State the part of a detergent particle that is soluble in grease.

.
[1 mark]

(ii)

Based on Figure 2.1 explain the washing action of detergent particles on

greasy stains.
.
.

Homework chemmy

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

[3 marks]
(iii)

Complete Figure 2.2 to show the condition of grease and detergent particles
when the water is stirred.

Figure 2.2
[1 mark]
3.

/P2/Q1
(a) Diagram 1.1 shows a ginger plant.
Ginger can be used as a traditional medicine.

Diagram 1.1
(i)
(ii)

Which of the parts P, Q, R or S, is used as the main source of medicine?

Mark () for your answer in the box provided in Diagram 1.1
[1mark]
What illness can be cured by using ginger?

(iii)

..
[1 mark]
How is ginger used to treat the illness in 3(a)(ii)?
..
[1 mark]

Homework chemmy
(b)

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

Table 1.1 shows the functions of three types of medicine.

Function

Type of medicine

Prevents pain

X:

Kills or prevents the reproduction of bacteria

Y:

Changes the emotions and behavior of the

patient

Z:
.

(i)

(ii)

Table 1.1
Complete Table 1.1 to show which medicines have the functions given in the
table.
[3 marks]
What is the side effect of medicine of type X if it is used by a child of less
than 2 years old?
.
[1 mark]

(iii)

A patient treated by medicine of type Y must complete all the supply given by
the doctor in order to make sure all the bacteria are killed.
What will happen if not all the bacteria are killed?
..
[1 mark]

(iv)

Tranquilizer is an example of medicine of type Z.

Give one change that might happen to a patients emotions when treated
using this medicine.
.
[1 mark]

4.

/P2/Q1
The following equation shows how soap can be prepared.
Palm oil + sodium hydroxide

(a)

(i)

Substance X + Soap

What is the name of this process?

[1 mark]

(ii)

State the name of substance X.

...
[1 mark]

Homework chemmy
(iii)

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

Sodium chloride solid is added to the soap mixture to complete this process.
Explain why.
..
[1 mark]

(b)

Two cleaning agents, J and K, are used to wash clothes in sea water and river
water. Table 1 shows the result obtained.
Cleaning agent

(i)

Sea water

River water

Forms scum

Does not form scum

Does not form scum

Does not form scum

State the type of cleaning agents J and K.

J :
K:
[2 marks]

(ii)

What is the meaning of scum?

.
[1 mark]

(iii)

What are the two ions in sea water that cause the formation of scum?
1. .
2. .
[2 marks]

(iv)

State one advantage of cleaning agent J compared to K.

..
[1 mark]

Homework chemmy

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

ESSAY
5.

/P2/Q2 (SECTION B)
(a) State two methods of food preservation which are used in our daily lives and
explain how the methods work.
[4 marks]
(b)
A student discovered that his socks have oily skin stains. He
washed them with soap.
Explain the cleansing action of soap on the oily stains.
(c)

[8 marks]

A student carried out four experiments to investigate the cleansing effects of soap
and detergent on oily soft water and hard water.
Table 2 shows the set-up of apparatus, types of water used, and the observations
for experiments I, II, III, and IV.

Table 2
Compare the cleansing effects between
(i)

Experiments I and II

(ii)

Experiments II and IV

Explain why there are differences in the observations. State the substance which
is more suitable as a cleansing agent to remove oily stains.
[8 marks]

Homework chemmy
2

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

/P2/Q7
(a) Diagram 7.1 shows a list of ingredients for a type of food.

PINEAPPLE JELLY
AGAR-AGAR NANAS

Ethyl butanoate

Sucrose

Citric acid

Gelatin

Sodium benzoate
Diagram 7.1

From the list of ingredients, select two substances used as food additives.
State the function of each food additive that you have selected.
[4 marks]
(b)

Diagram 7.2 shows a conversation between Aida and May Ling.

I have a headache. The doctor
advised me to take this medicine
and follow his prescription

I have a bacterial infection. The

doctor advised me to follow his
prescription strictly.

Diagram 7.2
These two students met a doctor and some medicine were prescribed to them.
For each medicine, state its name, type and the correct usage.
[4 marks]
(c)

Diagram 7.3 shows the apparatus used to investigate how to remove an oily stain
from a cloth and the observations made from that investigation.

Homework chemmy

F5 Chapter 5 Chemicals For Consumers

Diagram 7.3
(i)

Based on the given information in Diagram 7.3, compare and explain the
effectiveness of the cleaning action between
experiments I and III

(ii)

experiments II and IV

Identify the cleaning agents, A and B.

State which cleaning agent is more effective.
[10 marks]