HW1 (due Feb.

13th )

1. In a certain region the flow velocity components are

vx A( x3 xy 2 )e kt

vy A( x 2 y y 3 )e kt

vz 0

Where A and k are given constants, x, y, z are spatial coordinates and t is time.
Find the acceleration components at the point (1, 1, 0) at time t 0 .

2. (a) Sketch the initial and final positions of an element which was initially a square ABCD in
the XY -plane, of side length dL , with AB parallel to the X -axis and AD to the Y axis, which undergoes the following simple shear.

x X kY

y Y

zZ

(b) Calculate and display in three matrices the components of the deformation gradients F ,

FT , and the deformation tensor C .

3. Compare the matrices of rectangular Cartesian components of the finite strain EIJ and the
small strain IJ for problem 2. Use the finite strain tensor to calculate the change in
squared length of edges AB and AD and diagonals AC and DB .

4. The most general two-dimensional homogeneous finite-strain distribution is defined by giving

the spatial coordinate as linear homogeneous functions, say

x1 X1 AX1 BX 2

x2 X 2 CX1 DX 2 .

(a) Express the components of the deformation tensor C and the finite strain tensor E in
terms of the given constants A, B, C, and D . Display your answers in two matrices.
(b) Calculate (ds) 2 and (ds)2 (dS )2 for the dX with components (dL, dL,0) .

5. The motion of a certain continuous medium is defined by the equations

1
1
1
1
x1 ( X1 X 2 )et ( X1 X 2 )et , x2 ( X1 X 2 )et ( X 1 X 2 )et , x3 X 3
2
2
2
2
(a) Express the velocity components in terms of the material coordinates and time.
(b) Express the velocity components in terms of spatial coordinates and time.
(c) Calculate the components of the rate-of-deformation matrix.
(d) Express the displacement components u1 , u2 , u3 in terms of the material coordinates and
time.
(e) Express the small-strain components in terms of material coordinates and time. Evaluate
them at t 0 and at t 0.05 .
(f) Calculate the rate of change d ij / dt of the small-strain components and compare with

Dij at t 0 and t 0.05 .

6. For the steady motion defined by vx my, vy vz 0 , where m is a constant:

Display the matrices of rectangular Cartesian components of the velocity gradient L , the
rate of deformation D , and spin W .

7. For each of the following displacement gradient matrices, determine the linear strain matrix,
the linear rotation matrix, the volume strain, and the deviatoric strain matrix.

10 4
9

(a) 10 10 18 18

14 18 27
4

(b)

4 1 4
10 1 4 0
0 2 6
4

8. For the finite homogeneous deformation given by ui AiJ X J . Determine an expression for
the change of volume per unit original volume. If AiJ are very small, show that the result
reduces to the cubic dilatation.
9. A certain homogeneous deformation field results in the finite strain tensor

1 3 2
[ EIJ ] 3 1 2
2 2 6
Determine the principal strains and their directions for this deformation.