You are on page 1of 4

hjjkvhkhkhgkghkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfghkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj

fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg

gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg

gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkg
gggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhk
hvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfj
fjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfj
fjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgf
gjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggg
gfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggg
gggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggg
gggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggg
gggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggg
gggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggg
gggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhv
kggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfj
hkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfj
fjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgj
fjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggf
gfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggg
gggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggg
gggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggg
gggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggg
gggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggggggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjhkhvkggggg
gggggggggggggggggggfgfgjfjfjfjfjfgjfjfjfjfjfjfj
The refractive index (n) of a solid may be found by:
(a) direct measurement of the angles of incidence and refraction. It can then be
calculated from n= sin i/sin r
(b) real depth and apparent depth measurements. It can be calculated from n = re
al depth/apparent depth
(See: 11- 14/Light/Experiments/Refraction)
(c) using a prism and spectrometer and the minimum deviation method
Liquids
Several methods are available for finding the refractive indices of liquids.
(a) real and apparent depth measurements
(b) the air cell method
(c) the concave mirror method

(d) by a modification of a Newton's rings experiment. This method has the advant
age that only a very small amount of liquid is needed
(See: Newton's rings)
(e) Wollaston's method using a right-angled glass block
once again only a small
amount of the liquid is required
Gases
The refractive index of a gas is usually found by an interference method.
(See: Interference)

You might also like