InternationalJournalofAdvancesinEngineering&Technology,July2011.

IJAET
ISSN:22311963

DESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFSENSORNODEFOR
WIRELESSSENSORSNETWORKTOMONITORHUMIDITYOF
HIGHTECHPOLYHOUSEENVIRONMENT
B.P.LadgaonkarandA.M.Pawar
EmbeddedTechnologyandInstrumentationLaboratory
PostGraduateDepartmentofElectronics,ShankarraoMohiteMahavidyalaya,
AklujDist.Solapur413101(M.S.)
ABSTRACT
WirelessSensorsNetworkisanovelfieldshowstremendousapplicationpotential.Tomonitortheenvironmental
parametersofhightechpolyhousetheWirelessSensorsNetwork(WSN)isdeveloped.Theheartofthisubiquitous
fieldistheWirelessSensorNode.Moreover,thefieldofmicrocontrollerbasedembeddedtechnologyisinnovative
andmorereliable.Therefore,basedonanembeddedtechnologyandtheRFmoduleZigbeeawirelesssenornode
isdesignedabouthighlypromisingAVRATmega8LmicrocontrollerandimplementedforWSNdevelopment.
Recently,themodernagriculturistsaredemandingsophisticatedinstrumentationformeasurementandcontrolof
environmentalparametersofthepolyhouse.Toenhancecropyieldonehastoprovidecontrolledenvironmentto
thecrop.Thehumidityisimportantparameter,whichplaysvitalroleonthecropyield.Therefore,aWireless
SensorsNetwork(WSN)isdesignedandimplementedformonitoringofhumidityofpolyhouseandtheresultsof
implementationareinterpretedinthispaper.

KEYWORDS
WirelessSensorsNetwork,EmbeddedSystems,Zigbee,Humidity,Polyhouseenvironment.

1.INTRODUCTION
Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) is the ubiquitous field showing wide spectrum of applications in
varioussectors[1].Itcombines sensing, computationandcommunicationalso[2].Itconsists ofthe
sensornodes,whicharenetworked,bydeployingnetworktopologies,witheachotherandalsowiththe
basedstation.MajorityoftheapplicationsoftheWSNliesininformationsensing,realtimetracking,
monitoring of the various physical parameters of industrial, environmental, health, automobile etc
sectors[3].Thistechnologyalsohelpstorecordthemeteorologicalparameters.Thearchitectureofthe
WSN is deployed by Chintalapudi [4] for monitoring the health parameters and suggested new
architecture,NETSHM,whereintheconstraintsofnetworkprogrammingareminimized.Focusingon
theinvestigationoftheapplicationpotentialDasetal[5]havereviewedthisnewdomainofresearch,
extensively.WirelessSensorNetwork(WSN)isanemergingfieldofelectronicsensuringtheresearchof
appliednature.Therefore,manyresearchersshowinterestindevelopmentofWirelessSensorNetwork
forvariousapplications.Zhuetal[6]havedesignedWirelessSensorNetworksystembasedonZigbee
compliantRFmodule CC2420.Moreover,they deployedthe8051microcontroller foreachnode. A
distributedcontrolsystembasedonWirelessSensorNetworkisdevelopedandpresentedbyPereiraand
Cugnasca[7]in2005.Inordertomonitortheconcentrationofhydrocarbonsparticularly,inchemical
industriesaWirelessSensorNetworkbasedsystemisdesignedbyKaneetal[8]andinterpretedthe
results,whichcouldsupporttheoptimizationofproduction.MahfuzandAhmedreviewedthefieldof
Wireless Sensor Network and suggested its suitability for environmental protection [9, 11]. They
reportedfeaturesofbothZigbeeaswellasBluetoothtechnologies.Erdonganetal[10]havedeveloped
Wirelesssensortomonitorapressureinsideatyreofautomobiles.ZigbeetechnologysupportsIEEE
802.15.4protocolandoperatesinthefrequencyof2.4GH Z,ISMband[11].Emphasizingthelowpower

requirementofWirelessSensorNetwork,FranciscoetalhaveemployedWSNformedicalapplications
[12].Liand

Vol.1,Issue3,pp.111

InternationalJournalofAdvancesinEngineering&Technology,July2011.
IJAET
ISSN:22311963
YuanhavereportedawastewatermonitoringsystembasedonWirelessSensorNetwork[13].Merrettet
alhaveattemptedtoovercomethelimitationsondesigningsensornodesandreportedanalgorithm
Information manageD awarE ALgorithm for sensor network (IDEALS) Systems for WSN [14].
Moreover,theresearcheshavealsoreporteddifferentprotocolssuitableforestablishmentofWireless
SensorNetwork[1517].Inshort,onecansaythataWirelessSensorNetworktechnologyisanewand
emerging field of research. Thus, many researchers investigated the Wireless Sensor Network and
reported its suitability for environmental monitoring and control [1820]. The sensor senses
environmentalparametersandsendsthesenseddatatoadistantbasestationthroughwhichonecan
accesstheinformationforfurtheruse.Eachsensornodepowerswithseparatebatteryanditconsumes
verylowpower.Therefore,ithelpstoovercomethedrawbackofhighpowerrequirementofwired
sensornetwork.Presently,therearetwotypesoftechnologiesusedforthenodesofWirelessSensor
Network viz Zigbee and Bluetooth. On extensive study of characteristics of Zigbee and Bluetooth
technology, it is found that Zigbee technology is mostly reliable and suitable for indoor as well as
outdoorsensornetwork.Itprovidesatransmissionspeedtypically250kbpsoverarangeof10to100m
andcanbeconfiguredinstar,meshorpeertopeertopologies.Inshort,thefieldofdevelopmentof
WirelessSensorNetworkisanovelandubiquitous.Onliteraturesurvey,itisfoundthat,thereportson
developmentofWSNforhightechagriculturalapplicationsareratherrare.Therefore,theworkof
development of microcontroller based wireless sensor node for Wireless Sensor Network, based on
Zigbee technology for precision agriculture is undertaken and results of the design as well as
implementationarereported.

2.THEHARDWARE
With theview todevelop sophisticated electronicinstrument foragricultural applications,itis
proposed design theWirelessSensorsNetwork.Thehardwareof thetypical sensornode, ata
glance,isdepictedinFigure1.Moreover,theschematicofthecircuitispresentedinthefigure2.
Asshowninfigures2.a&2.b,broadlythesystemmaybeclassifiedintofollowingtwosections.

WirelessSensor
NodesBaseStation
Typically,thehardwareofonesensornodeisdescribedinthispaper .

LiquidCrystal
Display
(16x2lines)

Humidity
Sensor
SYHS220

Instrumentatio
nAmplifier
AD620

RF

OffsetVoltage
Compensator

Microcontroller
AVR

Module

(741)

Atmega8L

Zigbee

Figure1BlockdiagramoftheWirelessSensorNodeforWSNforPolyhouseapplications

Vol.1,Issue3,pp.111

InternationalJournalofAdvancesinEngineering&Technology,July2011.
IJAET
ISSN:22311963

Figure2.a:Theschematicsofthecircuitofthewirelesssensornode.

Monitor

Line
Driver
Max232

Personal
Computer

Figure2.b:TheschematicsofthecircuitofBaseStation.
2.AWirelessSensorNode:
The heart of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the Sensor Node. Deploying embedded
philosophy, a wireless sensor node is designed about advanced microcontroller, AVR
Atmega8L and the details of this design are described. As depicted in the figure 2.a, the
wirelesssensornodeismicrocontrollerbasedembeddedsystem.Itisdesignedtodetectand
computethevaluesofthephysicalparametersinengineeringunits.Itcomprisessmartsensor,
signalconditioner,dataacquisitionsystem,themicrocontroller,displayunitandpowersupply
section.Moreover,toensurethewirelesscommunicationtheRFmoduleZigbeeisemployed.
Thesystemisdesignedtomonitorthehumidityofpolyhouseenvironment.Therefore,bothanalog
aswellasdigitalpartofthehardwarereflectsthedetectionandmeasurementofhumidityinRH%
2.A.a)TheHumiditysensormodule[SYHS220]:
Tomeasurehumidity,amountofwatermoleculesdissolvedintheairofpolyhouseenvironments,a
smarthumiditysensormoduleSYHS220isoptedforthesystemunderdesign.Thephotographof
humiditysensorSYHS220isshowninthefigure3.Oncloseinspectionoffigure3,itisfoundthat,
theboardconsistsofhumiditysensoralongwithsignalconditioningstages.

Vol.1,Issue3,pp.111

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