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Coordinate
Required readings:
Coordinate systems:19-1 to 19-6.
State plane coordinate systems: 20-1 to 20-5 to 20-7,
20-10, and 20-12.
Required figures:
Coordinate systems: 19-1, 19-2, 19-6, 19-7 and 19-8.
State plane coordinate systems: 20-1 to 20-3, 20-10.
Recommended, not required, readings: 19-7 to 19-11,
20-11, and 20-13.
Coordinate Systems
Ellipsoid Parameters
N = normal length =
a
e2
sin 2
Definitions :
Geodetic latitude (): the angle in the meridian
plane of the point between the equator and the normal
to the ellipsoid through that point.
System definition, X, Y, Z
Advantage and disadvantage
X, Y, Z from geodetic coordinates
X = (N+h) cos cos
Y = (N+h) cos sin
Z = ( N(1-e2) +h) sin
Secants no distortions
Secants no distortions
Zones of limited
distortion
(1:10,000), 158
miles
Choosing a Projection
Control points in
SPCS are initially
computed from
Geodetic
coordinates (direct
problem). If
NAD27 is used the
result is SPCS27. If
NAD83 is used, the
result is SPCS83.
Define: , R, Rb, C,
and how to get
them.
Direct (Forward):
given: , get X, Y?
Solution: X = R sin + C
Y = Rb - R cos
Whenever is used, it is -ve west (left) of the central meridian.
Y)
get (,
Central
meridian