Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Before applying herbicides, properly calibrate your sprayer to ensure that herbicides are applied at the correct rate.
Always read the manufacturers label and follow all instructions. Preemergence herbicide rates usually vary
according to soil type and should be applied at the rate recommended on the herbicide label.
Preemergence Herbicides
Dichlobenil, Casoron (150 pounds per acre)
Dichlobenil-containing products are available as a 4 percent granular (4G) for grass and broadleaf weed control.
Products should be applied in late winter while soil temperature is less than 60oF. Best results are observed when
soil surface is weed free. DO NOT apply sooner than 4 weeks after transplanting or 3 months before or after
grafting.
Napropamide, Devrinol 50WDG (8 pounds per acre)
Devrinol 50 DF will provide PRE control of annual grasses and small-seeded broadleaf weeds (pigweed, etc.) in
newly planted and established orchards.
Oxyfluorfen, Goal 2XL (2 to 8 pints per acre) Goal will provide PRE control broadleaf weeds especially
nightshade, groundcherry, and pigweed. DO NOT apply Goal 2 XL from the period after buds start to swell until
completion of final harvest. Avoid any activity that may disturb the soil surface once oxyfluorfen has been applied.
Rainfall is needed within 3 to 4 weeks to activate the herbicide. Goal may be tank mixed with Devrinol, paraquat,
Kerb, glyphosate, simazine, Solicam, and Surflan.
Diuron, Karmex 80WDG, Diuron 80WDG (2 to 4 pounds per acre)
Karmex will provide PRE control of broadleaf and some grass weeds. Apply in the spring or in the fall after harvest
to trees established in the orchard at least 1 year. In Georgia do not apply more than 3 pounds in a single
application. Karmex may be tank mixed with Sinbar and applied to trees established at least 2 years for more
broad-spectrum preemergence weed control. DO NOT treat varieties grafted on full-dwarf root stocks or to soils
having less than 1 percent organic matter. DO NOT apply more than 4 pounds per acre per year. May be tank mixed
with paraquat and glyphosate.
Pronamide, Kerb 50W (2 to 8 pounds per acre)
Kerb must be applied during the cool, wet season (between October and December) for best results (soil
temperature less than 55oF but before soil freezes up). Kerb will control seedling and established cool-season
grasses and some broadleaf weeds. DO NOT apply to fall-planted apples established less than 1 year, or springplanted apples established less than 6 months. Best results are obtained when soil is free of plant material.
Simazine, Princep, Simazine 4L (2 to 4 quarts) Princep Caliber 90, Simazine 90WDG (2.2. to 4.4 pounds)
Simazine formluations will provide PRE control of broadleaf and some grass weeds. DO NOT apply to trees
established less than 12 months or use on gravelly, sandy, or loamy sand soils. May be tank mixed with paraquat or
glyphosate. Combinations of simazine-containing products with Oryzalin or Solicam improve annual grass control.
Pendimethalin, Prowl 3.3EC (2.4 to 4.8 quarts per acre)
Prowl will provide PRE control of annual grass and some broadleaf weeds in NONBEARING ORCHARDS
ONLY. Rainfall is needed within 21 days of application to activate herbicide. Apply to newly planted orchards
once soil has settled around tree roots and soil is free of cracks.
Norflurazon, Solicam 80DF (2.5 to 5 pounds per acre)
Solicam will provide PRE control of annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds as well as suppress yellow nutsedge
(nutgrass). Application rate is soil texture dependent. Rainfall is needed within 4 weeks of application for proper
activation. Apply Solicam as a directed application under trees once soil has settled around the roots and soil is
free of depressions. Solicam may be tank mixed with Karmex, Goal, paraquat, Roundup Ultra, Simazine, Sinbar, or
glyphosate.
Oryzalin, Surflan 4AS (2 to 4 quarts per acre), Farm Saver Oryzalin (2 to 4 quarts per acre). Oryzalin will
provide PRE control of annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds. It may be applied to newly planted orchards once
soil has settled around the tree roots. Oryzalin is most effective if rain is received within 14 days of application.
Oryzalin may be tank mixed with Goal, paraquat, simazine, or glyphosate.
Terbacil, Sinbar 80WP (2 to 4 pounds per acre)
Sinbar provides PRE control of broadleaf and grass weeds. Trees must be established in the orchard for 3 years.
Application rate is dependent on soil texture and organic matter (see label for details). Sinbar may be applied in the
spring or in the fall after harvest. DO NOT apply to soils having less than 1 percent organic matter. Refer to
product label for details about using Sinbar and Karmex as a combination for broad spectrum weed control.
S-Metolachlor, Pennant Magnum 7.62DF (1.3 to 2.6 pt per acre)
Nonbearing orchards ONLY. Rate is soil texture dependent. Do not apply until soil has settled after transplanting.
Pennant Magnum will provide some control of yellow nutsedge. Tank mix paraquat or glyphosate for
postemergence weed control.
Postemergence Herbicides
NOTE: It is important to remember that postemergence herbicides should be applied to actively growing weeds.
Weeds under stress from mowing, drought, or cold temperatures may not be adequately controlled by
postemergence herbicides. If weeds are stressed from drought, herbicide application should be delayed for 1 to 3
days after adequate rainfall when weeds are no longer wilted. If weeds have been mowed, wait several days to allow
regrowth before applying postemergence herbicides.
Fluazifop, Fusilade DX (12 to 24 ounces per acre)
Fusilade will provide POST control of annual and perennial grasses in NONBEARING ORCHARDS ONLY. It
has no activity on broadleaf weeds or sedges (nutgrass). Add 1 gallon of crop oil per 100 gallons of spray solution.
Refer to product label to determine optimum grass size at which application will result in maximum control.
Sequential applications may be necessary to control perennial grasses. DO NOT apply in combination with other
herbicides.
Paraquat, BOA (2 to 3 pints per acre), Gramoxone Max (1.75 to 2.75 pt)
Paraquat will control emerged annual weeds (grasses and broadleaves) and suppress perennial weeds. Perennial
grasses usually regrow after application. Add at least 1 pint of a nonionic surfactant or 1 gallons of crop oil to 100
gallons of spray solution. Paraquat is rainfast in 30 minutes. Since paraquat is a restricted-use pesticide, consult
the label before handling. Paraquat may be tank mixed with most PRE herbicides. DO NOT allow paraquat to
contact green stems, foliage, or fruit of apple.
Sethoxydim, Poast (1.5 to 2.5 pints per acre)
Poast will control emerged annual and perennial grasses. It has no activity on broadleaf weeds or sedges (nutgrass).
Apply in combination with crop oil (1 gallon per 100 gallons of spray solution). Refer to product label for
optimum application timing for control of susceptible grasses. Sequential applications will be necessary for
optimum control of perennial grasses. DO NOT apply within 14 days of harvest. Poast may be tank mixed with
2,4-D to control broadleaf and grass weeds.
Clethodim, Select (6 to 16 ounces per acre)
Select is registered for NONBEARING orchards. It controls annual and perennial grasses but has no activity on
broadleaf weeds or sedges. Always add crop oil concentrate at 1 percent volume per volume (1 gallon per 100
gallons of spray solution) but no less than 1 pint per acre in finished spray volume. Refer to product label for
information on application timing for optimum control of susceptible grasses. Sequential applications may be
necessary for perennial grass control. Select is rainfast 1 hour after application.
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Weed Species
1%1
etc.)
2%
bermudagrass
1%
2%
poison ivy/oak
1.0 to 2%
honeysuckle
1.5 to 2%
1.0 to 1.5%
kudzu
blackberry
2%
lespedeza
Virginia creeper
1 to 2%
1.5%
trumpet creeper
passionflower (maypop)
1%
greenbriar
3%
clematisvine
1%
wisteria
1.5 to 2%
mugwort
1.5 to 2%
English ivy
2 or 3%
In general, the above-designated application times have been most efficacious. Following these suggestions should give better control of the target species and
reduce the total quantities of chemical used.
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