Professional Documents
Culture Documents
VU 389.168
Advanced Wireless Communications 1
14.10.2013
HTTP
IP
TCP
UDP
The Problem
Today data services generate more traffic than voice
Radio link is expensive and limit resource
Data services
consume more bandwidth at less revenue
QoS definition is problematic
Quality of Service
4
Possible Solutions
Communication system are split into independent atomic
layers
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model
Data transmission
Two consecutive layers: payload
Two corresponding layers: payload, signaling
X
TB
Transport Block
6
7
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Network Architecture
Hierarchical ordering of functional groups
Functional structures/groups
Defined by functions / procedures
Consist of one or several physical elements
IP
MS
UE
Internet Protocol
Mobile Station
User Equipment
8
HSPA (3.5G):
Real packet switched radio bearers (similar to GPRS)
No more soft handover
Data rate: 7.2 Mbit/s
PS
UMTS
HSPA
USIM
NodeB
RNC
Packet Switched
Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System
High Speed Packet Access
Universal SIM
NodeB
Radio Network Controller
10
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
RAN
PS
GSM
GPRS
UMTS
HSPA
2G
3G
12
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
RAN
PS
GSM
GPRS
UMTS
HSPA
14
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Interconnect of CS services
Mobility Management
Localization
Signaling
Protocols:
PCM30 / PCM30 (not AMR!)
Interfaces:
IuCS / SS7(E)
15
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Security / authentication
Mobility Management (MM): cell update, etc.
Handling of data sessions (routing)
Caching user subscriber data
Protocols:
GTP / GTP (not terminated in SGSN!)
Interfaces:
IuPS / Gn
RNC
Iu-ps
SGSN
Gn
SGSN
Gn
GGSN
Gr
HLR
16
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Protocols:
GTP / IP
Interfaces:
Gn (GTP) / Gi (IP)
SGSN
Gn
GGSN
Gi
INTERNET
17
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
MSISDN = MS - ISDN
CC Country Code
NDC National Dest. Code
SN Subscriber Number
Protocols:
IP
Interfaces:
C
Gr, C
Gr
18
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
MSC
G-MSC
SGSN
GGSN
HLR
VLR
The Protocols
20
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
21
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
SDH
22
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
IP
PDCP
Iu - UP
Iu - UP
RLC
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
GTP-U
MAC
ATM/
UDP
ATM
UDP/
ATM
UDP/ATM
SDH
23
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Present location
Connections management services
User identity confidentiality
User states:
Idle: the subscriber is not attached
Standby: the subscriber is attached
Ready: the subscriber is active
24
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Some functions:
Iu Release (1)
Overload Control (2)
RAB Assignment (3)
RAB
Supports
26
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Version: GTP v0 or v1
Protocol Type: GTP, GTP (GTP protocol is used to transfer charging data to the
Charging Gateway Function)
Flags: Extension, Sequence, N-PDU
Message Type: What is this GTP message about
Length: length of payload
Tunnel Endpoint Identifier: Start/End point of the GTP tunnel (user, APN)
27
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
The GTP -U / -C
GTP-C(ontrol)
GPRS mobility management between GSNs
Logically attached to the GTP-U tunnel physically separated
Functions:
Create/Update/Change PDP Context
Echo Request/Response
RAN Information
GTP-U(ser)
TEID
GMM:
RANAP:
SCCP:
GTP-U:
GTP-C:
Circuit Switched
Packet Switched
29
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
30
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Processed Steps
31
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Svoboda
32
Protocol Mapping
Original
1472
20
Data1 (1472)
TCP
20
528
IP
1500
20
20
Data2
TCP
IP
IP Layer
USER
1500
UTRAN
48 5
20
GTP
UDP
IP
48 5
48 5
48 5
48 5
GTP
UDP
20
IP
GTP Layer +
UDP, IP Core
48 5
ATM Layer
33
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
34
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
GGSN
Gn
PAYLOAD
(1500)
PAYLOAD
(1500)
PAYLOAD
(1500)
IP Header (20)
IP Header (20)
IP Header (20)
UDP (8)
IP (20)
ATM (5)
PDH (var)
35
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
PAYLOAD
(1500)
PAYLOAD
(1500)
Ethernet
Ethernet
36
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Network hierarchy
Core network elements
Protocol hierarchy
How a data (IP) transmission over mobile cellular networks
works
Important things/abbreviations
Subscriber:
Elements:
Interfaces:
Procedures:
37
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
Questions?
psvoboda@nt.tuwien.ac.at
Where to look?
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
www.umtslink.at
[6]
http://www.techfest.com/networking/
[7]
http://www.manualy.sk/protocols2/pbook/gprs.htm#GTP
[8]
http://www.manualy.sk/protocols2/pbook/umts.htm
[9]
http://www.tkn.tu-berlin.de/curricula/ws0405/vl-umts/
39
389.168 Advanced Wireless Communications 1
AAL2
ALCAP
APN
AS
ASN.1
ATM
BSC
BTS
CC
CN
CRNC
CS
DCH
DL
DRNC
DRNS
DSCH
EP
GERAN
GGSN
G-MSC
GMM/SM
Management
GPRS
GSM
GTP
GWCN
HLR
IE
IMEI
IMSI
Abbreviations (1)
IPv4
IPv6
MAC
MBMS
MM
MOCN
MSC
MTP
NACC
NAS
NRT
N-PDU
P-TMSI
PCM
PCU
PDCP
PDP
PDU
PLMN
PS
PSTN
QoS
RAB
RANAP
RLC
RNC
RNS
RRC
RT