1. James was so busy ---- for the exam that he didn't have time ---- with his friends.

A) to study / to spend
B) having studied / spending
C) to be studying / being spent
D) being studied / spending
E) studying / to spend

2. I never forget ---- my temper when my parent shouted at me, although now i regret ---- so.
A) to lose / doing
B) losing / having done
C) having lost / to do
D) to have lost / to have done
E) being lost / having been done

3. The guitar is an instrument that ---- around since the 1500s, but it ---- several big
transformations during its history.
A) had been / has undergone
B) was / underwent
C) has been / has undergone
D) would be / was undergoing
E) has been / undergoes

4. When the tower ---- to the public a decade ago, officials said it ---- open again in just a few
years.
A) closed / had been

B) was closed / has been

C) would be closed / would be
D) was closing / was
E) was closed / would be

5. The notion of the state and the notion of war are said ---- in ancient Sumer and later Egypt.
A) to be emerged
B) to have emerged
C) having been emerged
D) being emerged
E) to emerge

6. ---- smoking can reduce the risk of ---- many smoking related illnesses.
A) To give up / being contracted
B) Giving up / contracting
C) To be given up / contracting
D) Giving up / to contract
E) Being given up / being contracted

7. Heavy metal had its peak popularity in the 1980s, ---- many of the now existing sub-genres
first evolved.
A) why
B) at which
C) where

D) that
E) during which

8. Women's Aid is a UK charity ---- aim is to end domestic violence against women and
children.
A) who
B) whose
C) which
D) what
E) whom

9. You ---- what you heard as it was highly confidential.

A) must not have repeated
B) might not repeat
C) shouldn't have repeated
D) needn't be repeated
E) don't have to repeat

10. Some people don't know ---- they're meeting their daily requirements through their diet.
A) which
B) why
C) where
D) whether or not
E) whatever

11. The man denied all responsibility for the rumors ---- for some time.
A) to be circulating
B) have circulated
C) to being circulated
D) having been circulating
E) be circulated

12. We think the project, ---- relies on everyone making an effort, will be successful.
A) what
B) that
C) for which
D) which
E) where

13. He showed me round the town, ---- was very kind of him.
A) where
B) that
C) who
D) what
E) which

14. Fraud detectives are investigating the company, three of ---- senior executives have
already been arrested.

A) which
B) that
C) whose
D) what
E) whom

15. I intentionally didn't have lunch ---- I would be hungry tonight.

A) so that
B) in case
C) hence
D) however
E) moreover

16. We were unable to get funding and ---- had to abandon the project.
A) therefore
B) notwithstanding
C) however
D) since
E) providing

17. You mustn't think that you can borrow it whenever you want to just ---- I'm lending you my
dress for tonight.
A) due to
B) despite

C) yet
D) because
E) in case of

18. She has denied her family and refused to have any contact with them, ----?
A) hasn't she
B) isn't it
C) doesn't she
D) did she
E) wasn't it

19. When she ---- to boarding school, she felt as though her parents ---- her.
A) has been sent / have rejected
B) sent / had rejected
C) sent / rejected
D) was sent / had rejected
E) had been sent / have rejected

20. By the time I ---- the job advertised, it ---- too late to apply.
A) see / has been
B) had seen / has been
C) have seen / was
D)would see / had been
E) saw/ was

21. The couple had been saving up to buy ---- a house for a long time when they won the
lottery.
A) on their own
B) themselves
C) theirs
D) their
E) they

22. By the time the UN task force ----, the rebel forces ---- the province.
A) arrived/ took
B) has arrived/ will take
C) arrived/ had taken
D) had arrived/ had taken
E) arrives/ have taken

23. I ---- the possibility of early retirement since the reorganization.

A) had looked into
B) looked into
C) was looking into
D) have been looking into
E) will be looking into

24. Despite being a mechanic, Mike ---- his car when it ---- yesterday.

A) may not fix / has broken

B) cannot fix / had broken
C) will not fix / breaks
D) might not fix / broke
E) couldn't fix / broke

25. --- often offering poor conditions and basic salaries, charities rarely have problems in
recruiting staff.
A) Despite
B) Even though
C) Much as
D) Because of
E) Inasmuch as

26. One way of selecting candidates is a written test; o, an informal interview can often be
more informative.
A) in addition to
B) as a result of this
C) on the other hand
D) consequently
E) hence

27. I used to live in one of those houses ---- have now been demolished.
A) where

B) that
C) of which
D) whose
E) why

28. The supermarket removed from the shelves all of its jars of tomato puree, several ---were found to contain fragments of glass.
A) that
B) which
C) of which
D) of whose
E) whom

29. When he came home, my brother was unusually attentive, ---- made me very suspicious.
A) that
B) who
C) whom
D) which
E) what

30. We interviewed fourteen applicants for the post, none of ---- we thought suitable.
A) who
B) that
C) which

D) whose
E) whom
31. Many people have devised methods ---- they have measured time.
A) which
B) when
C) with which
D) in which
E) where

32. An archaeologist has found an ancient Egyptian town in Israel ---- discovery suggests that
Egyptian influence was wider than previously believed.
A) who
B) to whom
C) where
D) whose
E) in which

33. The suburbs are the places ---- many Americans moved to in the 1950s in the USA.
A) which
B) where
C) in which
D) of which

E) whose

34. Scientists are doing research on remote ecosystems, ---- is the Arctic tundra.
A) which
B) that
C) through which
D) each of them
E) one of which

35. There are many interesting events ---- in the night-time sky.
A) that observed
B) which are observing
C) being observed
D) having observed
E) whom observed

36. The years ---- World War 2 were the time ---- returning veterans started to buy houses.
A) following / when
B) followed / that
C) that follow / why
D) which was followed / which
E) being followed / whom

37. ---- penicillin continues to be used widely, some strains of bacteria have developed a
resistance to the drug.
A) Despite
B) Although
C) Due to
D) Therefore
E) So that

38. In the 1700s, England taxed tea, ---- coffee and wine.
A) while
B) moreover
C) in addition to
D) including
E) in contrast

39. ---- Albert Einstein became famous mainly for his work on relativity, he received the Nobel
Prize for his work on photoelectric law.
A) Because
B) In case
C) As long as
D) Ever since
E) Despite the fact that

40. ---- some people like a great deal of variety in their lives, i am happier when my schedule
is quite routine.

A) Due to the fact that

B) No matter what
C) However
D) Whereas
E) Accordingly