1.

Number Series
1.
2.
3.
A.

11

B.

12

C.

13

D.

14

A.

205

B.

208

C.

210

D.

211

A.

404

B.

414

C.

420

D.

445

A.

47 52

B.

46 52

C.

45 49

D.

46 51

4.

5.

6.

7.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.
8.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

38 32

9.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.
10.
A.
C.

B.
31 61

D.

E.
11.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

66 20

12.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

26 32

A.

14 4

13.

C.
E.

14.

B.
D.

89

A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

10 9

15.
A.

B.

C.

D.

E.

66 82

1.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain
2.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

3.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain
4.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain
5.

A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

6.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

7.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

8.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

9.
A.true

B.false
C.uncertain

10.
A.true
B.false
C.uncertain

11.
I:
II: .
III:
A.I only
B.II only
C.III only
D.

12.
Fact 2: .
Fact 3:
I:

II:
III:
A.
B.
C.
D.

13.
A.
B.
C.
D.

14.
A.
B.
C.
D.

15.
A.
B.
C.
D.

16.
A.
B.
C.
D.

17.
A.
B.
C.
D.

18.
A.251
B.254
C.255
D.256

19.
A.
B.
C.
D.

20.
A.
B.
C.
D.

1.
A.

1
B.2 times
2

3
C.2 times
4

D.3 times

2. The sum of ages of 5 children born at the intervals of 3 years each is 50 years. What is the
age of the youngest child?
A.4 years
B.8 years
C.10 years
D.None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the ages of children be x, (x + 3), (x + 6), (x + 9) and (x + 12) years.
Then, x + (x + 3) + (x + 6) + (x + 9) + (x + 12) = 50
5x = 20
x = 4.
Age of the youngest child = x = 4 years.
3. A father said to his son, "I was as old as you are at the present at the time of your birth". If
the father's age is 38 years now, the son's age five years back was:
A.14 years
B.19 years
C.33 years
D.38 years
Answer: Option A
Explanation:

Let the son's present age be x years. Then, (38 - x) = x

2x = 38.
x = 19.
Son's age 5 years back (19 - 5) = 14 years.
4. A is two years older than B who is twice as old as C. If the total of the ages of A, B and C
be 27, the how old is B?
A.7
B.8
C.9
D.10
E. 11
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let C's age be x years. Then, B's age = 2x years. A's age = (2x + 2) years.
(2x + 2) + 2x + x = 27
5x = 25
x = 5.
Hence, B's age = 2x = 10 years.
5. Present ages of Sameer and Anand are in the ratio of 5 : 4 respectively. Three years hence,
the ratio of their ages will become 11 : 9 respectively. What is Anand's present age in
years?
A.24
B.27
C.40
D.Cannot be determined
E. None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the present ages of Sameer and Anand be 5x years and 4x years respectively.
5x +
11
3
Then,
=
4x +
9
3
9(5x + 3) = 11(4x + 3)

45x + 27 = 44x + 33
45x - 44x = 33 - 27
x = 6.
Anand's present age = 4x = 24 years.
6. A man is 24 years older than his son. In two years, his age will be twice the age of his son.
The present age of his son is:
A.14 years
B.18 years
C.20 years
D.22 years
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the son's present age be x years. Then, man's present age = (x + 24) years.
(x + 24) + 2 = 2(x + 2)
x + 26 = 2x + 4
x = 22.
7. Six years ago, the ratio of the ages of Kunal and Sagar was 6 : 5. Four years hence, the
ratio of their ages will be 11 : 10. What is Sagar's age at present?
A.16 years
B.18 years
C.20 years
D.Cannot be determined
E. None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the ages of Kunal and Sagar 6 years ago be 6x and 5x years respectively.
(6x + 6) + 4 11
Then,
=
(5x + 6) + 4 10
10(6x + 10) = 11(5x + 10)
5x = 10
x = 2.
Sagar's present age = (5x + 6) = 16 years.

8. The sum of the present ages of a father and his son is 60 years. Six years ago, father's age
was five times the age of the son. After 6 years, son's age will be:
A.12 years
B.14 years
C.18 years
D.20 years
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the present ages of son and father be x and (60 -x) years respectively.
Then, (60 - x) - 6 = 5(x - 6)
54 - x = 5x - 30
6x = 84
x = 14.
Son's age after 6 years = (x+ 6) = 20 years..
9. At present, the ratio between the ages of Arun and Deepak is 4 : 3. After 6 years, Arun's
age will be 26 years. What is the age of Deepak at present ?
A.12 years
B.15 years
C.19 and half
D.21 years
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let the present ages of Arun and Deepak be 4x years and 3x years respectively. Then,
4x + 6 = 26

4x = 20

x = 5.
Deepak's age = 3x = 15 years.
10. Sachin is younger than Rahul by 7 years. If their ages are in the respective ratio of 7 : 9,
how old is Sachin?
A.16 years
B.18 years
C.28 years
D.24.5 years
E. None of these
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let Rahul's age be x years.

Then, Sachin's age = (x - 7) years.

x-7 7
=
x 9
9x - 63 = 7x
2x = 63
x = 31.5
Hence, Sachin's age =(x - 7) = 24.5 years.
11. The present ages of three persons in proportions 4 : 7 : 9. Eight years ago, the sum of their
ages was 56. Find their present ages (in years).
A.8, 20, 28
B.16, 28, 36
C.20, 35, 45
D.None of these
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let their present ages be 4x, 7x and 9x years respectively.
Then, (4x - 8) + (7x - 8) + (9x - 8) = 56
20x = 80
x = 4.
Their present ages are 4x = 16 years, 7x = 28 years and 9x = 36 years respectively.
12. Ayesha's father was 38 years of age when she was born while her mother was 36 years old
when her brother four years younger to her was born. What is the difference between the
ages of her parents?
A.2 years
B.4 years
C.6 years
D.8 years
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Mother's age when Ayesha's brother was born = 36 years.
Father's age when Ayesha's brother was born = (38 + 4) years = 42 years.
Required difference = (42 - 36) years = 6 years.

13. A person's present age is two-fifth of the age of his mother. After 8 years, he will be onehalf of the age of his mother. How old is the mother at present?
A.32 years
B.36 years
C.40 years
D.48 years
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let the mother's present age be x years.
Then, the person's present age =
2 x+
5 8

2
x
5

years.

1 (x +
2 8)

2(2x + 40) = 5(x + 8)

x = 40.
14. Q is as much younger than R as he is older than T. If the sum of the ages of R and T is 50
years, what is definitely the difference between R and Q's age?
A.1 year
B.2 years
C.25 years
D.Data inadequate
E. None of these
Answer & Explanation
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Given that:
1. The difference of age b/w R and Q = The difference of age b/w Q and T.
2. Sum of age of R and T is 50 i.e. (R + T) = 50.
Question: R - Q = ?.
Explanation:
R-Q=Q-T
(R + T) = 2Q
Now given that, (R + T) = 50
So, 50 = 2Q and therefore Q = 25.
Question is (R - Q) = ?

Here we know the value(age) of Q (25), but we don't know the age of R.
Therefore, (R-Q) cannot be determined.
15. The age of father 10 years ago was thrice the age of his son. Ten years hence, father's age
will be twice that of his son. The ratio of their present ages is:
A.5 : 2
B.7 : 3
C.9 : 2
D.13 : 4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Let the ages of father and son 10 years ago be 3x and x years respectively.
Then, (3x + 10) + 10 = 2[(x + 10) + 10]
3x + 20 = 2x + 40
x = 20.
Required ratio = (3x + 10) : (x + 10) = 70 : 30 = 7 : 3.

4. Cubes and Dice

The sheet of paper shown in the figure (X) given on the left hand side, in each problem, is
folded to form a box. Choose from amongst the alternatives (1), (2), (3) and (4), the boxes that
are similar to the box that will be formed.
1. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.1 only
B.1 and 3 only

C.1, 3 and 4 only

D.1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
When the sheet in fig. (X) is folded, then one of the faces of the cube formed will be of the
form
and this face will lie opposite the face bearing a square. Also, one of the blank
faces lies opposite another blank face and the third blank face lies opposite the face
bearing an '=' sign. Clearly, all the three blank faces cannot appear adjacent to each other.
So, the cube shown in fig. (2) which has all the three blank faces adjacent to each other
cannot be formed. Hence, only the cubes shown in figures A, C and D can be formed.

fig. (4) which shows 'A' adjacent to 'D' cannot be formed. Hence, only the cube in fig.(2)
can be formed.

3. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.1 only
B.2 only
C.3 only
D.4 only
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
When the sheet in fig. (X) is folded to form a cube, then the half-shaded face appears
opposite to the face bearing a rhombus, the face with a black circle appears opposite to one
of the two blank faces and the face with a '+' sign appears opposite to the other blank face.
Clearly, the cubes shown in figures (1) and (4) cannot be formed since they have the halfshaded face adjacent to the face bearing the rhombus. Also, though the cube shown in fig.
(3) has faces that can appear adjacent to each other but the cube formed by folding the
sheet in fig. (X) cannot be rotated to form fig. (3). Hence, the cube in fig. (3) cannot be
formed. Thus, only the cube shown in fig. (2) can be formed.
4. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.1 only
B.2 only
C.3 only
D.4 only
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
When the sheet shown in fig. (X) is folded to form a cube then the two half-shaded faces

lie opposite to each other, the face bearing a square lies opposite to one of the two blank
faces and the face bearing a circle lies opposite to the other blank face. Therefore, the
cubes shown in figures (2) and (3) which have the two half-shaded faces adjacent to each
other, cannot be formed by folding the sheet shown in fig. (X). Also, though the cube
shown in fig. (4) has faces that can appear adjacent to each other but the cube formed by
folding the sheet in fig. (X) cannot be rotated to form the cube in fig. (4). Hence, only the
cube in fig. (1) can be formed.
5. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.2 and 3 only

B.1, 3 and 4 only
C.2 and 4 only
D.1 and 4 only
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
When the sheet in fig. (X) is folded to form a cube, then the face bearing a dot lies
opposite to one of the shaded faces. Therefore, the cube shown in fig. (2) which has both
the shaded faces adjacent to the face bearing the dot, cannot be formed. Hence, the cubes
shown in figures (1), (2) and (4) can be formed.

6. When the following figure is folded to form a cube, how many dots lie opposite the face
bearing five dots?

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
When this figure is folded to form a cube then the face bearing three dots will lie opposite
the face bearing five dots.
7. Which of the following finished patterns can be obtained from the piece of cardboard (X)
shown below?

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.4

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The pattern on fig. (X) and also the fact that the faces are rectangle, indicate that only fig.
(1) can be obtained by folding fig. (X).
8. How many dots lie opposite to the face having three dots, when the given figure is folded
to form a cube?

A.2

B.4

C.5

D.6

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
When this figure is folded to form a cube then the face bearing six dots will lie opposite the
face bearing three dots.
9. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.1 and 2 only

B.2 and 3 only
C.2 and 4 only
D.1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
When a cube is formed by folding the sheet shown in fig. (X), then the two half-shaded
faces lie opposite to each other and one. of the three blank faces appears opposite to the
face bearing a dot. Clearly, each one of the four cubes shown in figures (1), (2), (3) and (4)
can be formed by folding the sheet shown in fig. (X).
10. Choose the box that is similar to the box formed from the given sheet of paper (X).

A.1 and 2 only

B.1 and 3 only
C.3 and 4 only

D.1, 2, 3 and 4
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
When a cube is formed by folding the sheet shown in fig. (X), then
and
are the
two faces and these two faces lie opposite to each other. Also, the face bearing the 'x' sigh
lies opposite to the face bearing the black circle and the face bearing the white circle lies
opposite to the face bearing the square (having a dot inside it). Now, the cubes in figures
(2) and (4) consist of faces which are not formed when the sheet in fig. (X) is folded.
Hence, these two cubes are not, formed. Therefore, only the cubes in figures (1) and (3)
are formed.
11. What will be the number at the bottom, if 5 is at the top; the two positions of the dice
being as given below:

A.1

B.2

C.3

D.6

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
From figures (i) and (ii), it is clear that 4, 1, 3 and 6 he adjacent to 2. Therefore, 5 must lie
opposite 2. Thus, if 5 is at the top, then 2 must be at the bottom.
12. If the total number of dots on opposite faces of a cubical block is always 7, find the figure
which is correct.

A.Fig.1

B.Fig.2

C.Fig.3

D.Fig.4

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Since the total number of dots on opposite faces is always 7, therefore, 1 dot appears
opposite 6 dots, 2 dots appear opposite 5 dots and 3 dots appear opposite 4 dots.
13. Two positions of a block are given below. When 1 is at the top, which number will be at
the bottom?

A.2

B.3

C.4

D.6

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Number 2 is common to the two positions of the dice. We assume the dice in fig. (ii) to be
rotated so that 2 remains on the top face (i.e. face V as per activity 1) and the numbers 3
and 6 move to the faces hidden behind 5 and 1 respectively [in fig. (i)]. Then, clearly, 5
lies opposite 3 and 6 lies opposite 1. Hence, when 1 is at the top, then 6 will be at the
bottom.
14. What number is opposite 3 in the figure shown below? The given two positions are of the
same dice whose each surface bears a number among 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6.

A.2

B.4

C.5

D.6

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
From figures (i) and (ii), we conclude that 2, 6, 1 and 4 appear adjacent to 5. Therefore, 3
must appear opposite 5, Conversely, the number opposite 3 is 5.

15. Two positions of a dice are shown below. Identify the number at the bottom when the top
is '3'?

A.2

B.4

C.5

D.6

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The number 6 is common to both the positions of the dice. We assume the dice in fig. (ii)
to be rotated so that 6 remains on the FR-LH face (i. e. on face IV as per activity 1) and
the numbers 1 and 3 move to the faces hidden behind 4 and 5 respectively [in fig. (i)].
Then, 5 lies on FR-RH face (i.e. face I), 4 lies on Top face {i.e. face V), 3 lies on RR-LH
face (i.e. face III) and 1 lies on Bottom face (i.e. face VI). Thus, 3 lies opposite 5. Hence,
when the top is 3, then the number at the bottom is 5.
16. A dice is numbered from 1 to 6 in different ways.
If 1 is adjacent to 2, 4 and 6, then which of the following statements is necessarily true?
A.2 is opposite to 6
B.1 is adjacent to 3
C.3 is adjacent to 5
D.3 is opposite to 5
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
If 1 is adjacent to 2, 4 and 6 then either 3 or 5 lies opposite to 1. So, the numbers 3 and 5
cannot lie opposite to each other. Hence, 3 is adjacent to 5 (necessarily).
17. A cube has six different symbols drawn over its six faces. The symbols are dot, circle,
triangle, square, cross and arrow. Three different positions of the cube are shown in
figures X, Y, and Z.

Which symbol is opposite the dot?

A.Circle

B.Triangle

C.Arrow

D.Cross

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
From figures X and Y, we conclude that dot, circle, square and cross lie adjacent to the
triangle. Therefore, the arrow must lie opposite the triangle. From figures X and Z, we
conclude that dot, triangle, arrow and cross lie adjacent to the circle. Therefore, the square
must lie opposite the circle. Thus, the arrow lies opposite the triangle, the square lies
opposite the circle and consequently, the cross lies opposite the dot.
As analysed above, the cross lies opposite the dot.
18. Two positions of a dice are shown below. When there are two dots at the bottom, the
number of dots at the top will be

A.3
B.5
C.6
D.Cannot be determined
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Number 1 is common to both the positions of the dice. We assume the dice in fig. (ii) to
be rotated so that 1 dot moves to the top face (i.e. face V as per activity 1) i.e. to the same
position as in fig. (i) and 2 and 4 dots move to the faces hidden behind the faces with 3
and 5 dots respectively. Thus, the combined figure will have 1 dot on the Top (i.e. on face
V), 5 dots on Front face (i.e. on face I), 3 dots on RHS face (i.e. face II), 4 dots on the
Rear face (i.e. face III) and 2 dots on the LHS face (i.e. face IV). Clearly, 3 dots lie on the

face opposite the face having 2 dots. Therefore, when there are 2 dots at the bottom, the
number of dots at the top will be 3.
19. In a dice a, b, c and d are written on the adjacent faces, in a clockwise order and e and f at
the top and bottom. When c is at the top, what will be at the bottom?

A.a

B.b

C.c

D.d

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Clearly, the six faces are labelled as
Face I -> a, Face IV -> b, Face III -> c, Face II -> d, Face V -> e, Face VI -> f
Therefore 'a' appears opposite 'c'.
Hence, when 'c' is at the top, then 'a' will be at the bottom.
20.
Four usual dice are thrown on the ground. The total of numbers on the top faces of these
four dice is 13 as the top faces showed 4, 3, 1 and 5 respectively. What is the total of the
faces touching the ground?
A.12
B.13
C.15
D.Cannot be determined
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In a usual dice, the sum of the numbers on any two opposite faces is always 7. Thus, 1 is
opposite 6, 2 is opposite 5 and 3 is opposite 4.
Consequently, when 4, 3, 1 and 5 are the numbers on the top faces, then 3, 4, 6 and 2
respectively are the numbers on the face touching the ground. The total of these numbers

= 3 + 4 + 6 + 2 = 15.

5. Blood Relation Test

Introduction:
The questions which are asked in this section depend upon Relation. You should have a
sound knowledge of the blood relation in order to solve the questions.
To remember easily the relations may be divided into two sides as given below:
1. Relations of Paternal side:
1. Father's father Grandfather
2. Father's mother Grandmother
3. Father's brother Uncle
4. Father's sister Aunt
5. Children of uncle Cousin
6. Wife of uncle Aunt
7. Children of aunt Cousin
8. Husband of aunt Uncle
2. Relations of Maternal side:
1. Mother's father Maternal grandfather
2. Mother's mother Maternal grandmother
3. Mother's brother Maternal uncle
4. Mother's sister Aunt
5. Children of maternal uncle Cousin
6. Wife of maternal uncle Maternal aunt

Relations from one generation to next:

1. Introducing a man, a woman said, "He is the only son of the mother of my mother." How
is the woman related to the man?
A.

Mother

B.

Sister

C.

Niece

D.

Maternal aunt

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The man is the only son of the mother of the woman. Hence, the man is the maternal
uncle of the woman. So, the woman is the niece of the man.
2. Pointing to Gopi, Nalni says, "I am the daughter of the only son of his grandfather." How
Nalni is related to Gopi?
A.

Niece

B.

Daughter

C.

Sister

D.

Cannot be determined

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Nalni is the daughter of the only son of Gopi's grandfather. Hence, it's clear that Nalni is
the sister of Gopi.
3. A's son B is married with C whose sister D is married to E the brother of B. How D is
related to A?

A.

Sister

B.

Daughter's-in-law

C.

Sister-in-law

D.

Cousin

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Since E is the brother of B
Therefore, A is the father of E
but D is the wife of E.
Hence, D is the daughter-in-law of A.
4. A $ B means A is the father of B; A # B means A is the sister of B; A * B means A is the
daughter of B and A @ B means A is the brother of B. Which of the following indicates
that M is the wife of Q?
A.

Q$R#T@M

B.

Q$R@T#M

C.

Q$R*T#M

D.

Q$R@T*M

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Q $ R Q is the father of R
R @ T R is the brother of T
Hence, Q is the father of T
T * M T is the daughter of M
Hence, M is the mother of T
Hence, M is the wife of Q.
5. If A $ B means A is the brother of B; B * C means B is the son of C; C @ D means C is
the wife of D and A # D means A is the son of D, how C is related to A?
A.

Maternal grandmother

B.

Maternal aunt

C.

Aunt

D.

Mother

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
A $ B A is the brother of B
B * C B is the son of C
Hence, A is the son of C
C @ D C is the wife of D
Hence, C is the mother of A.
6. Pointing to a girl Sandeep said, "She is the daughter of the only sister of my father." How
is sandeep related to the girl?
A.

Uncle

B.

Cousin

C.

Father

D.

Grandfather

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The girl is the daughter of the sister of Sandeep's father. Hence, the girl is the cousin or
Sandeep is the cousin of the girl.
7. Pointing to a boy in the photograph Reena said, "He is the only son of the only child of
my grandfather." How Reena is related to that boy?
A.

Mother

B.

Sister

C.

Aunt

D.

Cannot be determined

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The boy in the photograph is the only son of Reena's grandfather's only son; i.e., the boy
is the only son of Reena's father.
Hence, the boy is the brother of Reena or Reena is the sister of the boy.

8. If M x N means M is the daughter of N; M + N means M is the father of N; M % N

means M is the mother of N and M - N means M is the brother of N then P % Q + R - T x
K indicates which relation of P to K?
A.

Daughter-in-law

B.

Sister-in-law

C.

Aunt

D.

None of these

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
P % Q P is the mother of Q
Q + R Q is the father of R
R - T R is the brother of T
Hence, Q is the father of T
T x K T is the daughter of K
Hence, Q is the husband of K.
Therefore, P is the mother-in-law of K.
9. If P + Q means P is the brother of Q; P x Q means P is the father of Q and P - Q means P
is the sister of Q, which of the following relations shows that I is the niece of K?
A.

K+Y+Z-I

B.

K+YxI-Z

C.

Z -IxY+K

D.

KxY+ I-Z

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
K + Y K is the brother of Y
Y x I Y is the father of I
Hence, K is the uncle of I
and I - Z I is the sister of Z

Hence, I is the niece of K.

10. Pointing towards a girl, Abhisek says, "This girl is the daughter of only a child of my
father." What is the relation of Abhisek's wife to that girl?
A.

Daughter

B.

Mother

C.

Aunt

D.

Sister

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Only the child of my father means 'Abhisek' himself. This means the girl is the daughter
od Abhisek. Hence, Abhisek's wife is the mother of the girl.
11. Anupam said to a lady sitting in a car, "The only daughter of the brother of my wife is the
sister-in-law of the brother of your sister." How the husband of the lady is related to
Anupam?
A.

Maternal uncle

B.

Uncle

C.

Father

D.

Son-in-law

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Anupam's son-in-law is the brother of the lady who was sitting in the car. Hence, the
husband is also the son-in-law of Anupam.

12. Deepak said to Nitin, "That boy playing with the football is the younger of the two
brothers of the daughter of my father's wife." How is the boy playing football related to
Deepak?
A.

Son

B.

Brother

C.

Cousin

D.

Brother-in-law

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Father's wife mother. Hence, the daughter of the mother means sister and sister's
younger brother means brother. Therefore, the boy is the brother of Deepak.

13. Pointing a photograph X said to his friend Y, "She is the only daughter of the father of my
mother." How X is related to the person of photograph?
A.

Daughter

B.

Son

C.

Nephew

D.

Cannot be decided

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
'The only daughter of the father of X's mother' means mother of X.
Hence X is the son of the lady in the photograph.

14. If A + B means A is the sister of B; A x B means A is the wife of B, A % B means A is the

father of B and A - B means A is the brother of B. Which of the following means T is the
daughter of P?
A.

PxQ%R+S-T

B.

PxQ%R-T+S

C.

PxQ%R+T-S

D.

PxQ%R+S+T

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
P x Q P is the wife of Q
Q % R Q is the father of R
R - T R is the brother of T
T + S T is the sister of S.
Therefore, T is the daughter of P.
15. Pointing to a woman, Abhijit said, "Her granddaughter is the only daughter of my
brother." How is the woman related to Abhijit?
A.

Sister

B.

Grandmother

C.

Mother-in-law

D.

Mother

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Daughter of Abhijit's brother niece of Abhijit. Thus the granddaughter of the woman is
Abhijit's niece.
Hence, the woman is the mother of Abhijit.
16. Amit said - "This girl is the wife of the grandson of my mother". How is Amit related to
the girl?
A.

Brother

B.

Grandfather

C.

Husband

D.

Father-in-law

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The girl is the wife of grandson of Amit's mother i.e., the girl is the wife of son of Amit.
Hence, Amit is the father-in-law of the girl.
17. Pointing towards a man, a woman said, "His mother is the only daughter of my mother."
How is the woman related to the man?
A.

Mother

B.

Grandmother

C.

Sister

D.

Daughter

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Only daughter of my mother myself.
Hence, the woman is the mother of the man.
18. If P $ Q means P is the brother of Q; P # Q means P is the mother of Q; P * Q means P is
the daughter of Q in A # B $ C * D, who is the father?
A.

B.

C.

D.

Data is inadequate

Answer: Option A

Explanation:
A is the mother of B, B is the brother of C and C is the daughter of D. Hence, D is the
father.
A (Parents)
D
|
|
|
|
B - is - Brother - of - C

19. Introducing Salman, Aamir says, "She is the wife of only nephew of only brother of my
mother." How Salman is related to Aamir?
A.

Wife

B.

Sister

C.

Sister-in-law

D.

Data is inadequate

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Brother of mother means maternal uncle. Hence only nephew of Aamir's maternal uncle
means Aamir himself. Therefore Salman is the wife of Aamir.
20. Introducing a boy, a girl said, "He is the son of the daughter of the father of my uncle."
How is the boy related to the girl?
A.

Brother

B.

Nephew

C.

Uncle

D.

Son-in-law

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The father of the boy's uncle the grandfather of the boy and daughter of the
grandfather sister of father.
21. Pointing to a photograph Lata says, "He is the son of the only son of my grandfather."
How is the man in the photograph related to Lata?
A.

Brother

B.

Uncle

C.

Cousin

D.

Data is inadequate

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The man in the photograph is the son of the only son of Lata's grandfather i.e., the man is
the son of Lata's father. Hence, the man is the brother of Lata.
22. If A + B means A is the father of B; A - B means A is the brother B; A % B means A is the
wife of B and A x B means A is the mother of B, which of the following shows that M is
the maternal grandmother of T?
A.

MxN%S+T

B.

MxN-S%T

C.

MxS-N%T

D.

MxNxS%T

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
M x N M is the mother of N
N % S N is the wife of S
and S + T is the father of T.
Hence, M is the maternal grandmother of T.
23. Pointing to a photograph. Bajpai said, "He is the son of the only daughter of the father of
my brother." How Bajpai is related to the man in the photograph?
A.

Nephew

B.

Brother

C.

Father

D.

Maternal Uncle

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The man in the photo is the son of the sister of Bajpai. Hence, Bajpai is the maternal
uncle of the man in the photograph.
24. A is the son of C; C and Q are sisters; Z is the mother of Q and P is the son of Z. Which
of the following statements is true?
A.

P and A are cousins

B.

P is the maternal uncle of A

C.

Q is the maternal grandfather of A

D.

C and P are sisters

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
C and Q are sisters and A is the son of C. Hence, C is the mother of A or Z is the mother
Q.
Hence, Z is the maternal grandmother of A. P is the son of Z. Hence, P is the maternal
uncle of A.
25. If X + Y means X is the daughter of Y; X - Y means X is the brother of Y; X % Y means
X is the father of Y and X x Y means X is the sister of Y. Which of the following means I
is the niece of J?
A.

J-N%CxI

B.

IxC-N%J

C.

J+MxC%I

D.

IxC+N-J

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
I x C I is the sister of C
C + N C is the daughter of N
and N - J N is the brother of I.
Hence, I is niece of J.

6. Direction Sense Test

Introduction:
There are four main directions - East, West, North and South as shown below:

There are four cardinal directions - North-East (N-E), North-West (N-W), South-East (S-E),
and South-West (S-W) as shown below:

1. At the time of sunrise if a man stands facing the east, his shadow will be towards
west.
2. At the time of sunset the shadow of an object is always in the east.
3. If a man stands facing the North, at the time of sunrise his shadow will be towards his
left and at the time of sunset it will be towards his right.
4. At 12:00 noon, the rays of the sun are vertically downward hence there will be no
shadow.

1. One morning after sunrise, Vimal started to walk. During this walking he met Stephen
who was coming from opposite direction. Vimal watch that the shadow of Stephen to the
right of him (Vimal). To Which direction Vimal was facing?
A.

East

B.

West

C.

South

D.

Data inadequate

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Sun rises in the east. So the shadow of a man will always falls towards the west. Since the
shadow of Stephen is to the right of Vimal. Hence Vimal is facing towards South.
2. Golu started from his house towards North. After covering a distance of 8 km. he turned
towards left and covered a distance of 6 km. What is the shortest distance now from his
house?
A.

10 km.

B.

16 km.

C.

14 km

D.

2 km.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

3. P started from his house towards west. After walking a distance of 25 m. He turned to the
right and walked 10 m. He then again turned to the right and walked 15 m. After this he is
to turn right at 135o and to cover 30 m. In which direction should he go?
A.

West

B.

South

C.

South-West

D.

South-East

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Hence he should go in the South-West direction.

4. X started to walk straight towards south. After walking 5 m he turned to the left and
walked 3 m. After this he turned to the right and walked 5 m Now to which direction X is
facing?
A.

North-East

B.

South

C.

North

D.

South-West

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Hence X will face in the end towards South.

5. Dev, Kumar, Nilesh, Ankur and Pintu are standing facing to the North in a playground
such as given below:
1. Kumar is at 40 m to the right of Ankur.
2. Dev is are 60 m in the south of Kumar.
3. Nilesh is at a distance of 25 m in the west of Ankur.
4. Pintu is at a distance of 90 m in the North of Dev.
5.1. Which one is in the North-East of the person. Who is to the left of Kumar?
A.

Dev

B.

Nilesh

C.

Ankur

D.

Pintu

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

Ankur is in the left of Kumar. Hence Pintu is in North-East of Ankur.

5.2. If a boy starting from Nilesh, met to Ankur and then to Kumar and after this he to
Dev and then to Pintu and whole the time he walked in a straight line, then how
much total distance did he cover?
A.

215 m

B.

155 m

C.

245 m

D.

185 m

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Required distance = 25 m + 40 m + 60 m + 90 m
Required distance = 215 m
6. Each of the following questions is based on the following information:
1. A # B means B is at 1 metre to the right of A.
2. A $ B means B is at 1 metre to the North of A.
3. A * B means B is at 1 metre to the left of A.
4. A @ B means B is at 1 metre to the south of A.
5. In each question first person from the left is facing North.
6.1. According to X @ B * P, P is in which direction with respect to X?
A.

North

B.

South

C.

North-East

D.

South-West

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
According to X @ B * Y

Hence P is in South-West of X.

6.2. According to M # N $ T, T is in which direction with respect to M?

A.

North-West

B.

North-East

C.

South-West

D.

South-East

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
According to M # N $ T

Hence T is in the North-East of M.

6.3. According to P # R $ A * U, in which direction is U with respect to P?
A.

East

B.

West

C.

North

D.

South

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
According to P # R $ A * U

Hence U is in North direction with respect to P.

7. Letter and Symbol Series

Directions to Solve
In these series, you will be looking at both the letter pattern and the number pattern. Fill
the blank in the middle of the series or end of the series.

1. SCD, TEF, UGH, ____, WKL

A.CMN
C.VIJ

B.UJI
D.IJT

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
There are two alphabetical series here. The first series is with the first letters only:
STUVW. The second series involves the remaining letters: CD, EF, GH, IJ, KL.
2. B2CD, _____, BCD4, B5CD, BC6D
A.B2C2D
C.B2C3D

B.BC3D
D.BCD7

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Because the letters are the same, concentrate on the number series, which is a simple
2, 3, 4, 5, 6 series, and follows each letter in order.
3. FAG, GAF, HAI, IAH, ____
A.JAK
C.HAK

B.HAL
D.JAI

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The middle letters are static, so concentrate on the first and third letters. The series
involves an alphabetical order with a reversal of the letters. The first letters are in
alphabetical order: F, G, H, I , J. The second and fourth segments are reversals of the
first and third segments. The missing segment begins with a new letter.
4. ELFA, GLHA, ILJA, _____, MLNA
A.OLPA
C.LLMA

B.KLMA
D.KLLA

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The second and forth letters in the series, L and A, are static. The first and third
letters consist of an alphabetical order beginning with the letter E.
5. CMM, EOO, GQQ, _____, KUU
A.GRR
C.ISS

B.GSS
D.ITT

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The first letters are in alphabetical order with a letter skipped in between each
segment: C, E, G, I, K. The second and third letters are repeated; they are also in
order with a skipped letter: M, O, Q, S, U.
In these series, you will be looking at both the letter pattern and the number pattern. Fill
the blank in the middle of the series or end of the series.
6. ZA5, Y4B, XC6, W3D, _____
A.E7V
B.V2E
C.VE5
D.VE7
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
There are three series to look for here. The first letters are alphabetical in reverse: Z,
Y, X, W, V. The second letters are in alphabetical order, beginning with A. The
number series is as follows: 5, 4, 6, 3, 7.
7. QPO, NML, KJI, _____, EDC
A.HGF
C.JKL

B.CAB
D.GHI

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
This series consists of letters in a reverse alphabetical order.
8. JAK, KBL, LCM, MDN, _____
A.OEP
C.MEN

B.NEO
D.PFQ

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
This is an alternating series in alphabetical order. The middle letters follow the order
ABCDE. The first and third letters are alphabetical beginning with J. The third letter
is repeated as a first letter in each subsequent three-letter segment.
9. BCB, DED, FGF, HIH, ___
A.JKJ
C.IJI

B.HJH
D.JHJ

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
This series consists of a simple alphabetical order with the first two letters of all
segments: B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K. The third letter of each segment is a repetition
of the first letter.
10. P5QR, P4QS, P3QT, _____, P1QV
A.PQW
C.P2QU

B.PQV2
D.PQ3U

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The first two letters, PQ, are static. The third letter is in alphabetical order,
beginning with R. The number series is in descending order beginning with 5.
11
. QAR, RAS, SAT, TAU, _____
A
UAV
.
C
TAS
.

B
UAT
.
D
TAT
.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In this series, the third letter is repeated as the first letter of the next segment. The
middle letter, A, remains static. The third letters are in alphabetical order,
beginning with R.
12
. DEF, DEF2, DE2F2, _____, D2E2F3
A
DEF3
.
C
D2E3F
.

Answer: Option D

B
D3EF3
.
D
D2E2F2
.

Explanation:
In this series, the letters remain the same: DEF.
The subscript numbers follow this series:
111, 112, 122, 222, 223, 233, 333, ...

8. Seating Arrangement
1. Five girls are sitting on a bench to be photographed. Seema is to the left of Rani and
to the right of Bindu. Mary is to the right of Rani. Reeta is between Rani and Mary.
1.1. Who is sitting immediate right to Reeta ?
A.

Bindu

B.

Rani

C.

Mary

D.

Seema

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Mary is sitting immediate right to Reeta.

1.2. Who is in the middle of the photograph ?
A.

Bindu

B.

Rani

C.

Reeta

D.

Seema

B.

Rani

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Rani is in the middle of the photograph.

1.3. Who is second from the right ?
A.

Mary

C.

Reeta

D.

Bindu

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Reeta is sitting second from the right.

1.4. Who is second from the left in photograph ?
A.

Reeta

B.

Mary

C.

Bindu

D.

Seema

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

Seema is sitting second from the left in photograph.

2. A, B, C, D, E, F and G are sitting in a row facing North :
1. F is to the immediate right of E.
2. E is 4th to the right of G.
3. C is the neighbour of B and D.
4. Person who is third to the left of D is at one of ends.
2.1.
Who are to the left of C ?
A.

Only B

B.

G, B and D

C.

G and B

D.

D, E, F and A

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

G an B are to the left of C.

2.2.
Which of the following statement is not true ?
A.

E is to the immediate left of D

B.

A is at one of the ends

C.

G is to the immediate left of B

D.

F is second to the right of D

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

2.3.
Who are the neighbours of B ?
A.

C and D

B.

C and G

C.

G and F

D.

C and E

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

C and G are the neighbours of B.

2.4.
What is the position of A ?
A.

Between E and D

B.

Extreme left

C.

Centre

D.

Extreme right

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

A is in extreme right.
3. Each of these questions are based on the information given below :
1. 8 persons E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L are seated around a square table - two on each
side.
2. There are 3 ladies who are not seated next to each other.
3. J is between L and F.
4. G is between I and F.
5. H, a lady member is second to the left of J.
6. F, a male member is seated opposite to E, a lady member.
7. There is a lady member between F and I.
3.1.
Who among the following is to the immediate left of F ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

J is to the immediate left of F.

3.2.
What is true about J and K ?
A.

J is male, K is female

B.

J is female, K is male

C.

Both are female

D.

Both are male

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

Both are male.

3.3.
How many persons are seated between K and F ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Three persons are seated between K and F(H, L and J) or E, I and G.

3.4.
Who among the following are three lady members ?
A.

E, H and J

B.

E, F and G

C.

E, H and G

D.

C, H and J

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

The three lady members are E, H and G.

3.5.
Who among the following is seated between E and H ?
A.

B.

C.

D.

Cannot be determined

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

K is seated between E and H.

4. Six friends are sitting in a circle and are facing the centre of the circle. Deepa is
between Prakash and Pankaj. Priti is between Mukesh and Lalit. Prakash and Mukesh
are opposite to each other.
4.1.
Who is sitting opposite to Prakash ?
A.

Mukesh

B.

Deepa

C.

Pankaj

D.

Lalit

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

Hence, Mukesh is sitting opposite to Prakash.

4.2.
Who is just right to Pankaj ?
A.

Deepa

B.

Lalit

C.

Prakash

D.

Priti

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

Hence, Deepa is sitting just right to Pankaj.

4.3.
Who are the neighbours of Mukesh ?
A.

Prakash and Deepa

B.

Deepa and Priti

C.

Priti and Pankaj

D.

Lalit and Priti

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

Hence, Priti and Pankaj are the neighbours of Mukesh.

4.4.
Who is sitting opposite to Priti ?
A.

Prakash

B.

Deepa

C.

Pankaj

D.

Lalit

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Hence, Deepa is sitting opposite to Priti.

9. Clocks
Important Formulas :
1. Minute Spaces:
The face or dial of watch is a circle whose circumference is divided into 60 equal
parts, called minute spaces.
Hour Hand and Minute Hand:
A clock has two hands, the smaller one is called the hour hand or short hand while
the larger one is called minute hand or long hand.
2.
i.

In 60 minutes, the minute hand gains 55 minutes on the hour on the hour hand.

ii.

In every hour, both the hands coincide once.

iii.

The hands are in the same straight line when they are coincident or opposite to
each other.

iv.

When the two hands are at right angles, they are 15 minute spaces apart.

v.

When the hands are in opposite directions, they are 30 minute spaces apart.

vi.

Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hrs = 360

vii.

Angle traced by minute hand in 60 min. = 360.

viii.

If a watch or a clock indicates 8.15, when the correct time is 8, it is said to be

15 minutes too fast.
On the other hand, if it indicates 7.45, when the correct time is 8, it is said to
be 15 minutes too slow.

1.

An accurate clock shows 8 o'clock in the morning. Through how may degrees will the
hour hand rotate when the clock shows 2 o'clock in the afternoon?

A.

144

B.

150

C.

168

D.

180

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Angle traced by the hour hand in 6 hours =

2.

360

x 6 = 180.
12

The reflex angle between the hands of a clock at 10.25 is:

A.

180

B.

192

1
2

C.

195

D.

197

1
2

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
360 125
1
x
= 312 .
12
12
2
360

Angle traced by minute hand in 25 min =

x 25 = 150.
60
1

1
1
Reflex angle = 360 - 312 - 150 = 360 - 162 = 197 .
2
2
2
Angle traced by hour hand in

125
hrs =
12

3.
A clock is started at noon. By 10 minutes past 5, the hour hand has turned through:
A.

145

B.

150

C.

155

D.

160

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hrs = 360.

Angle traced by hour hand in 5 hrs 10

min. i.e.,

31
6

hrs =

360
12

31
6

= 155.

4.
A watch which gains 5 seconds in 3 minutes was set right at 7 a.m. In the afternoon of
the same day, when the watch indicated quarter past 4 o'clock, the true time is:
7

59

A.

min. past 3

B.

12

58

C.

min. past 3

4 p.m.

D.

11

min. past 4

11

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Time from 7 a.m. to 4.15 p.m. = 9 hrs 15 min. =

37

hrs.

4
3 min. 5 sec. of this clock = 3 min. of the correct clock.
37

hrs of this clock =

720

20

37

hrs of this clock =

20

hrs of the correct clock.

720
37

37

hrs of the correct clock.

= 9 hrs of the correct clock.

The correct time is 9 hrs after 7 a.m. i.e., 4 p.m.
5.
How much does a watch lose per day, if its hands coincide every 64 minutes?
8

A.

32

min.

C.

90 min.

11

B.

36

min.

D.

96 min.

11

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
55 min. spaces are covered in 60 min.
60 min. spaces are covered in

60

x 60

55
Loss in 64 min. =

65

- 64 =

11
Loss in 24 hrs =

16

11

16

min.

= 65

min.

11

min.

11
1

x 24 x 60

64

min.

= 32

min.

11

6.
At what time between 7 and 8 o'clock will the hands of a clock be in the same straight
line but, not together?
A.

C.

5 min. past 7

B.

min. past 7

D.

11

min. past 7

11

min. past 7

11

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
When the hands of the clock are in the same straight line but not together, they are 30
minute spaces apart.
At 7 o'clock, they are 25 min. spaces apart.
Minute hand will have to gain only 5 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces are gained in 60 min.
5 min. spaces are gained in

60
55

x5

min

=5

5
11

min.

Required time = 5

min. past 7.

11

7.
At what time between 5.30 and 6 will the hands of a clock be at right angles?
A.

C.

43

min. past 5

B.

11
40 min. past 5

D.

43

min. past 5

11
45 min. past 5

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
At 5 o'clock, the hands are 25 min. spaces apart.
To be at right angles and that too between 5.30 and 6, the minute hand has to gain (25 +
15) = 40 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces are gained in 60 min.
40 min. spaces are gained in

60

x 40

55
Required time = 43

min

= 43

min.

11

min. past 5.

11

8.
The angle between the minute hand and the hour hand of a clock when the time is 4.20,
is:
A.

B.

10

C.

D.

20

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

Angle traced by hour hand in

13

hrs =

360

12

Angle traced by min. hand in 20 min. =

13

= 130.

360

x 20

= 120.

60
Required angle = (130 - 120) = 10.
9.
At what angle the hands of a clock are inclined at 15 minutes past 5?
58 1
A.

C.

67

B.

64

D.

72

1
2

1
2

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Angle traced by hour hand in

21

hrs =

4
Angle traced by min. hand in 15 min. =

360

12

21

= 157

360

x 15

= 90.

60

Required angle =

157

- 90 = 67

1
2

10.
At 3.40, the hour hand and the minute hand of a clock form an angle of:
A.

120

B.

125

C.

130

D.

135

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Angle traced by hour hand in 12 hrs. = 360.
Angle traced by it in

11

hrs =

360

12

11

= 110.

Angle traced by minute hand in 60 min. = 360.

Angle traced by it in 40 min. =

360

x 40

= 240.

60
Required angle (240 - 110) = 130.
11.
How many times are the hands of a clock at right angle in a day?
A.

22

B.

24

C.

44

D.

48

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In 12 hours, they are at right angles 22 times.
In 24 hours, they are at right angles 44 times.
12.
The angle between the minute hand and the hour hand of a clock when the time is 8.30,
is:
A.

80

B.

75

C.

60

D.

105

Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Angle traced by hour hand in

17

hrs =

2
Angle traced by min. hand in 30 min. =

360

12

17

= 255.

360

x 30

= 180.

60
Required angle = (255 - 180) = 75.
13.
How many times in a day, are the hands of a clock in straight line but opposite in
direction?
A.

20

B.

22

C.

24

D.

48

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The hands of a clock point in opposite directions (in the same straight line) 11 times in
every 12 hours. (Because between 5 and 7 they point in opposite directions at 6 o'clcok
only).
So, in a day, the hands point in the opposite directions 22 times.
14.
At what time between 4 and 5 o'clock will the hands of a watch point in opposite
directions?
A.

45 min. past 4

C.

50

min. past 4

11

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

B.

40 min. past 4

D.

54

6
11

min. past 4

At 4 o'clock, the hands of the watch are 20 min. spaces apart.

To be in opposite directions, they must be 30 min. spaces apart.
Minute hand will have to gain 50 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces are gained in 60 min.
50 min. spaces are gained in

60

x 50

55
6

Required time = 54

6
min. or 54

min.

11

min. past 4.

11

15.
At what time between 9 and 10 o'clock will the hands of a watch be together?
A.

C.

45 min. past 9
49

B.

min. past 9

50 min. past 9
48

D.

11

min. past 9

11

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
To be together between 9 and 10 o'clock, the minute hand has to gain 45 min. spaces.
55 min. spaces gained in 60 min.
45 min. spaces are gained in

60

x 45

55
The hands are together at 49

1
min or 49

11

min. past 9.

11

10. Calendar
Important Formulas :

min.

1. Odd Days:
We are supposed to find the day of the week on a given date.
For this, we use the concept of 'odd days'.
In a given period, the number of days more than the complete weeks are called odd
days.
2. Leap Year:
(i). Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year, if it is not a century.
(ii). Every 4th century is a leap year and no other century is a leap year.
Note: A leap year has 366 days.
Examples:
i.
ii.

Each of the years 1948, 2004, 1676 etc. is a leap year.

Each of the years 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 etc. is a leap year.

iii.

None of the years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 1800, 2100 is a leap year.

3. Ordinary Year:
The year which is not a leap year is called an ordinary years. An ordinary year has
365 days.
4. Counting of Odd Days:
1. 1 ordinary year = 365 days = (52 weeks + 1 day.)
1 ordinary year has 1 odd day.
2. 1 leap year = 366 days = (52 weeks + 2 days)
1 leap year has 2 odd days.
3. 100 years = 76 ordinary years + 24 leap years
= (76 x 1 + 24 x 2) odd days = 124 odd days.
= (17 weeks + days)

5 odd days.

Number of odd days in 100 years = 5.

Number of odd days in 200 years = (5 x 2)

3 odd days.

Number of odd days in 300 years = (5 x 3)

1 odd day.

Number of odd days in 400 years = (5 x 4 + 1)

0 odd day.

Similarly, each one of 800 years, 1200 years, 1600 years, 2000 years etc. has 0
odd days.
2

Day of the Week Related to Odd Days:

No. of days: 0
Day:

1.

Sun. Mon. Tues. Wed. Thurs. Fri. Sat.

It was Sunday on Jan 1, 2006. What was the day of the week Jan 1, 2010?
A.

Sunday

B.

Saturday

C.

Friday

D.

Wednesday

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
On 31st December, 2005 it was Saturday.
Number of odd days from the year 2006 to the year 2009 = (1 + 1 + 2 + 1) = 5 days.
On 31st December 2009, it was Thursday.
Thus, on 1st Jan, 2010 it is Friday.
2.

What was the day of the week on 28th May, 2006?

A.

Thursday

B.

Friday

C.

Saturday

D.

Sunday

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
28 May, 2006 = (2005 years + Period from 1.1.2006 to 28.5.2006)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0

Odd days in 400 years = 0

5 years = (4 ordinary years + 1 leap year) = (4 x 1 + 1 x 2)

6 odd days

Jan. Feb. March April May

(31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 28 ) = 148 days
148 days = (21 weeks + 1 day)

1 odd day.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 0 + 6 + 1) = 7

0 odd day.

Given day is Sunday.

3.

What was the day of the week on 17th June, 1998?

A.

Monday

B.

Tuesday

C.

Wednesday

D.

Thursday

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
17th June, 1998 = (1997 years + Period from 1.1.1998 to 17.6.1998)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 300 years = (5 x 3)

97 years has 24 leap years + 73 ordinary years.

Number of odd days in 97 years ( 24 x 2 + 73) = 121 = 2 odd days.
Jan. Feb. March April May June
(31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 17) = 168 days
168 days = 24 weeks = 0 odd day.
Total number of odd days = (0 + 1 + 2 + 0) = 3.
Given day is Wednesday.
4.

What will be the day of the week 15th August, 2010?

A.

Sunday

B.

Monday

C.

Tuesday

D.

Friday

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
15th August, 2010 = (2009 years + Period 1.1.2010 to 15.8.2010)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 400 years = 0
9 years = (2 leap years + 7 ordinary years) = (2 x 2 + 7 x 1) = 11 odd days

4 odd days.

Jan. Feb. March April May June July Aug.

(31 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 30 + 31 + 15) = 227 days
227 days = (32 weeks + 3 days)

3 odd days.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 0 + 4 + 3) = 7

0 odd days.

Given day is Sunday.

5.

Today is Monday. After 61 days, it will be:

A.

Wednesday

B.

Saturday

C.

Tuesday

D.

Thursday

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Each day of the week is repeated after 7 days.
So, after 63 days, it will be Monday.
After 61 days, it will be Saturday.
6.

If 6th March, 2005 is Monday, what was the day of the week on 6th March, 2004?
A.

Sunday

B.

Saturday

C.

Tuesday

D.

Wednesday

Answer: Option A

Explanation:
The year 2004 is a leap year. So, it has 2 odd days.
But, Feb 2004 not included because we are calculating from March 2004 to March 2005.
So it has 1 odd day only.
The day on 6th March, 2005 will be 1 day beyond the day on 6th March, 2004.
Given that, 6th March, 2005 is Monday.
6th March, 2004 is Sunday (1 day before to 6th March, 2005).
7.

On what dates of April, 2001 did Wednesday fall?

A.

1st, 8th, 15th, 22nd, 29th

B.

2nd, 9th, 16th, 23rd, 30th

C.

3rd, 10th, 17th, 24th

D.

4th, 11th, 18th, 25th

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
We shall find the day on 1st April, 2001.
1st April, 2001 = (2000 years + Period from 1.1.2001 to 1.4.2001)
Odd days in 1600 years = 0
Odd days in 400 years = 0
Jan. Feb. March April
(31 + 28 + 31 + 1) = 91 days

0 odd days.

Total number of odd days = (0 + 0 + 0) = 0

On 1st April, 2001 it was Sunday.
In April, 2001 Wednesday falls on 4th, 11th, 18th and 25th.
8.

How many days are there in x weeks x days?

A.

7x2

B.

8x

C.

14x

D.

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
x weeks x days = (7x + x) days = 8x days.
9.

The last day of a century cannot be

A.

Monday

B.

Wednesday

C.

Tuesday

D.

Friday

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
100 years contain 5 odd days.
Last day of 1st century is Friday.
200 years contain (5 x 2)

3 odd days.

Last day of 2nd century is Wednesday.

300 years contain (5 x 3) = 15

1 odd day.

Last day of 3rd century is Monday.

400 years contain 0 odd day.
Last day of 4th century is Sunday.
This cycle is repeated.
Last day of a century cannot be Tuesday or Thursday or Saturday.
10. On 8th Feb, 2005 it was Tuesday. What was the day of the week on 8th Feb, 2004?
A.

Tuesday

B.

Monday

C.

Sunday

D.

Wednesday

Answer: Option C
Explanation:

The year 2004 is a leap year. It has 2 odd days.

The day on 8th Feb, 2004 is 2 days before the day on 8th Feb, 2005.
Hence, this day is Sunday.
11. The calendar for the year 2007 will be the same for the year:
A.

2014

B.

2016

C.

2017

D.

2018

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Count the number of odd days from the year 2007 onwards to get the sum equal to 0 odd
day.
Year : 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Odd day : 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1
Sum = 14 odd days

0 odd days.

Calendar for the year 2018 will be the same as for the year 2007.
12. Which of the following is not a leap year?
A.

700

B.

800

C.

1200

D.

2000

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The century divisible by 400 is a leap year.
The year 700 is not a leap year.
13. On 8th Dec, 2007 Saturday falls. What day of the week was it on 8th Dec, 2006?
A.

Sunday

B.

Thursday

C.

Tuesday

D.

Friday

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
The year 2006 is an ordinary year. So, it has 1 odd day.
So, the day on 8th Dec, 2007 will be 1 day beyond the day on 8th Dec, 2006.
But, 8th Dec, 2007 is Saturday.
8th Dec, 2006 is Friday.
14. January 1, 2008 is Tuesday. What day of the week lies on Jan 1, 2009?
A.

Monday

B.

Wednesday

C.

Thursday

D.

Sunday

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The year 2008 is a leap year. So, it has 2 odd days.
1st day of the year 2008 is Tuesday (Given)
So, 1st day of the year 2009 is 2 days beyond Tuesday.
Hence, it will be Thursday.
Hence, it will be Tuesday.

11. Time and Distance

Important Formulas :
1. Speed, Time and Distance:
Speed =

Distance
Distance
,Time =
,Distance = (Speed x Time).
Time
Speed

2. km/hr to m/sec conversion:

5
m/sec.
18

x km/hr = x x

3. m/sec to km/hr conversion:

18
km/hr.
5

x m/sec = x x

4. If the ratio of the speeds of A and B is a : b, then the ratio of the

11
the times taken by then to cover the same distance is : or b : a.
ab
5. Suppose a man covers a certain distance at x km/hr and an equal distance at y km/hr.
Then,
the average speed during the whole journey is

2xy
km/hr.
x+y

Problems :
1.
A person crosses a 600 m long street in 5 minutes. What is his speed in km per hour?
A.

3.6

B.

7.2

C.

8.4

D.

10

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Speed =

600
5 x 60

m/sec.

= 2 m/sec.
Converting m/sec to km/hr
=

2x

18

km/hr

5
= 7.2 km/hr.
2.
An aeroplane covers a certain distance at a speed of 240 kmph in 5 hours. To cover the
same distance in 1 hours, it must travel at a speed of:
A.

300 kmph

B.

360 kmph

C.

600 kmph

D.

720 kmph

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Distance = (240 x 5) = 1200 km.
Speed = Distance/Time
Speed = 1200/(5/3) km/hr.

[We can write 1 hours as 5/3 hours]

Required speed = 1200 x

3
5 km/hr

= 720 km/hr.

3.
In covering a distance of 30 km, Abhay takes 2 hours more than Sameer. If Abhay
doubles his speed, then he would take 1 hour less than Sameer. Abhay's speed is:
A.

5 kmph

B.

6 kmph

C.

6.25 kmph

D.

7.5 kmph

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let Abhay's speed be x km/hr.
Then,

30

30

=3

2x

6x = 30
x = 5 km/hr.

4.
A man covered a certain distance at some speed. Had he moved 3 kmph faster, he would
have taken 40 minutes less. If he had moved 2 kmph slower, he would have taken 40
minutes more. The distance (in km) is:
2

A.

35

C.

37

B.

36

D.

40

1
2

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let distance = x km and usual rate = y kmph.
Then,

x
y

And,

x
y -2

y+3
-

x
y

40

2y(y + 3) = 9x ....(i)

60
40

y(y - 2) = 3x ....(ii)

60

On dividing (i) by (ii), we get: x = 40.

5.
In a flight of 600 km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average speed
for the trip was reduced by 200 km/hr and the time of flight increased by 30 minutes. The
duration of the flight is:
A.

1 hour

B.

2 hours

C.

3 hours

D.

4 hours

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the duration of the flight be x hours.
Then,

600
x

600

600

= 200

x + (1/2)
1200

= 200

2x + 1

x(2x + 1) = 3
2x2 + x - 3 = 0
(2x + 3)(x - 1) = 0
x = 1 hr.

[neglecting the -ve value of x]

6.
A man complete a journey in 10 hours. He travels first half of the journey at the rate of 21
km/hr and second half at the rate of 24 km/hr. Find the total journey in km.
A.

220 km

B.

224 km

C.

230 km

D.

234 km

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
(1/2)x
21

(1/2)x
24

= 10

21

= 20

24

15x = 168 x 20
168 x 20

x=

= 224 km.

15

7.
A man on tour travels first 160 km at 64 km/hr and the next 160 km at 80 km/hr. The
average speed for the first 320 km of the tour is:
A.

35.55 km/hr

B.

36 km/hr

C.

71.11 km/hr

D.

71 km/hr

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Total time taken =

160

64
Average speed =

320 x

160
80 hrs.
2
9 km/hr

hrs.

2
= 71.11 km/hr.

8.
Excluding stoppages, the speed of a bus is 54 kmph and including stoppages, it is 45
kmph. For how many minutes does the bus stop per hour?
A.

B.

10

C.

12

D.

20

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Due to stoppages, it covers 9 km less.

Time taken to cover 9 km =

9
54

x 60

min

= 10 min.

9.
If a person walks at 14 km/hr instead of 10 km/hr, he would have walked 20 km more.
The actual distance travelled by him is:
A.

50 km

B.

56 km

C.

70 km

D.

80 km

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let the actual distance travelled be x km.
Then,

x + 20

10

14

14x = 10x + 200

4x = 200
x = 50 km.
10.
The ratio between the speeds of two trains is 7 : 8. If the second train runs 400 km in 4
hours, then the speed of the first train is:
A.

70 km/hr

B.

75 km/hr

C.

84 km/hr

D.

87.5 km/hr

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let the speed of two trains be 7x and 8x km/hr.
Then, 8x =

400
4

= 100

x=

100

= 12.5

8
Speed of first train = (7 x 12.5) km/hr = 87.5 km/hr.
11.
A car moves at a speed of 80 km / hr. What is the speed of the car in metres per second?
A.

8 m / sec

B.

20 * 1 / 9 m / sec

C.

22 * 2 / 9 m / sec

D.

None of these

Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Speed = (80 * 5 / 18) m / sec = 200 / 9 m / sec = 22 2 / 9 m / sec.
12.
An athlete runs 200 metres race in 24 seconds. His speed is:
A.

20 km / hr

B.

24 km / hr

C.

28.5 km / hr

D.

30 km / hr

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Speed = 200 / 4 m / sec = 25 / 3 m / sec = ( (25 / 3) * (18 / 5)) km / hr = 30 km / hr.
13.
Which of the following trains is the fastest ?

A.

25 m / sec

B.

1500 m / min

C.

90 km / hr

D.

None of these

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
25 m / sec = (25 * 18 / 5) km / hr = 90 km / hr.
And, 25 m / sec = (25 * 60) m / min = 1500 m / min.
So, all the three speeds are equal.
14.
A person crosses a 600 m long street in 5 minutes. What is his speed in km per hour?
A.

3.6

B.

7.2

C.

90 km / hr

D.

None of these

Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Speed = ( 600 / ( 5 * 60) ) m / sec = 2 m / sec = ( 2 * ( 18 / 5 ) km / hr = 7.2 km / hr.
15.
A man walking at the rate of 5 km / hr crosses a bridge in 15 minutes. The length of the
bridge (in metres) is :

A.

600

B.

750

C.

1000

D.

1250

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Speed = ( 5 * ( 5 / 18 ) ) m / sec = 25 / 18 m / sec.
Distance covered in 15 minutes = ( (25 * 18 ) * 15 * 60 ) m = 1250 m.
16.
How long will a boy take to run round a square field of side 35 metres, if he runs at the
rate of 9 km / hr ?
A.

50 sec

B.

52 sec

C.

54 sec

D.

56 sec

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Speed = 9 km/hr = (9*(5/18)) m/sec = 5/2 m/sec
Distance = (35*4) m = 140 m.
Time Taken = (140*(2/5)) sec = 56 sec.
17.
A car is running at a speed of 108 km / hr. What distance will it cover in 15 seconds ?

A.

45 metres

B.

55 metres

C.

450 metres

D.

Cannot be determined

Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Speed = 108 kmph = (108*(5/18)) m/sec = 30 m/sec.
Distance covered in 15 sec = (30*15) m = 450 m.
18.
Two men start together to walk to a certain destination, one at 3 kmph and another at 3.75
kmph. The latter arrives half an hour before the former. The distance is :
A.

6 km

B.

7.5 km

C.

8 km

D.

9.5 km

Answer: Option B

Explanation:
Let the distance be x km. Then,
(x/3) - (x/3.75) = (1/2) 25x 2x = 375 x=(3.75/0.50) = (15/2) = 7.5 km

19.
If a person walks at 14 km/hr instead of 10 km/hr, he would have walked 20 km more.
The actual distance travelled by him is :

A.

50 km

B.

56 km

C.

70 km

D.

80 km

Answer: Option A

Explanation:
Let the actual distance travelled be x km. Then,
(x/10) = ((x+20)/14) 14x = 10x + 200 4x = 200 x = 50 km.
20.
The ratio between the speeds of two trains is 7 : 8. If the second train runs 400 kms in 4
hours, then the speed of the first train is :
A.

70 km/hr

B.

75 km/hr

C.

84 km/hr

D.

87.5 km/hr

Answer: Option D

Explanation:
Let the speeds of train be 7x and 8x km/hr.
Then, 8x = 400/4 = 100

x=(100/8) = 12.5

Speed of first train = (7*12.5) km/hr = 87.5 km/hr.

12. Height and Distance

Important Formulas :
1. Trigonometry:
In a right angled

OAB, where

BOA = ,

Perpendicular AB
i. sin = ---------------- = --- ;
Hypotenuse OB
Base
OA
ii. cos = --------------= --- ;
Hypotenuse OB
Perpendicular AB
iii. tan = ---------------- = --- ;
Base
OA
1 OB
iv. cosec = -------= --- ;
sin
AB
1 OB
v. sec = ------= --- ;
cos OA
1 OA
vi. cot =------= --- ;
tan AB
2. Trigonometrical Identities:

sin2 + cos2 = 1.
1 + tan2 = sec2 .
1 + cot2 = cosec2 .

3. Values of T-ratios:

sin

( /6)

( /4)

( /3)

( /2)

30

45

60

90

1
1/2

cos

3/2

0
3/2

1/2

tan

1/3

Not
define
d

4. Angle of Elevation:

Suppose a man from a point O looks up at an object P, placed above the level of his
eye. Then, the angle which the line of sight makes with the horizontal through O, is
called the anlge of elevation of P as seen from O.
Angle of elevation of P from O =

AOP.

5. Angle of Depression:

Suppose a man from a point O looks down at an object P, placed below the level of
his eye, then the angle which the line of sight makes with the horizontal through O, is
called the angle of depression of P as seen from O.

Problems :
1. Two ships are sailing in the sea on the two sides of a lighthouse. The angle of elevation of
the top of the lighthouse is observed from the ships are 30 and 45 respectively. If the
lighthouse is 100 m high, the distance between the two ships is:
A.

173 m

B.

200 m

C.

273 m

D.

300 m

Answer: Option C

Explanation:
Let AB be the lighthouse and C and D be the positions of the ships.

Then, AB = 100 m,

ACB = 30 and

ADB = 45.

AB
1
= tan 30 =
AC = AB x 3 = 1003 m.
AC
3
AB
= tan 45 = 1
AD = AB = 100 m.
AD
CD = (AC + AD) = (1003 + 100) m
= 100(3 + 1)
= (100 x 2.73) m
= 273 m.

2. The angle of elevation of a ladder leaning against a wall is 60 and the foot of the ladder
is 4.6 m away from the wall. The length of the ladder is:
A.

2.3 m

B.

4.6 m

C.

7.8 m

D.

9.2 m

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Let AB be the wall and BC be the ladder.

Then,

ACB = 60 and AC = 4.6 m.

AC
1
= cos 60 =
BC
2
BC = 2 x AC
= (2 x 4.6) m
= 9.2 m.
3. An observer 1.6 m tall is 203 away from a tower. The angle of elevation from his eye to
the top of the tower is 30. The heights of the tower is:
A.

21.6 m

B.

23.2 m

C.

24.72 m

D.

None of these

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let AB be the observer and CD be the tower.

Draw BE

CD.

Then, CE = AB = 1.6 m,
BE = AC = 203 m.

DE
1
= tan 30 =
BE
3
203
DE =
m = 20 m.
3
CD = CE + DE = (1.6 + 20) m = 21.6 m.
4. From a point P on a level ground, the angle of elevation of the top tower is 30. If the
tower is 100 m high, the distance of point P from the foot of the tower is:
A.

149 m

B.

156 m

C.

173 m

D.

200 m

Answer & Explanation

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Let AB be the tower.

Then,

APB = 30 and AB = 100 m.

AB
1
AP = tan 30 = 3
AP = (AB x 3) m
= 1003 m
= (100 x 1.73) m
= 173 m.
5. The angle of elevation of the sun, when the length of the shadow of a tree 3 times the
height of the tree, is:
A.

30

B.

45

C.

60

D.

90

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Let AB be the tree and AC be its shadow.

Let

ACB = .
AC
= 3
AB
= 30.

Then,

cot = 3