MLS 2-B ( GROUP 4 )

ENOC
ELECCION
TENEFRANCIA
GALANTO
OLIVARES

POVERTY
Poverty is when a familys income
fails to meet a federally established
threshold that differs across countries.
It is measured with respect to families and not the
individual, and is adjusted for the number of persons in a
family.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

Survey
a representative sample of people
are asked to answer questions
on their income and spending.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

United Nations Poverty Index
combines measures such as life expectancy, literacy,
long term unemployment and relative income.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

Budget Standard Approach
a poverty line is calculated based on the cost of a
specific basket of goods and services that are
considered by experts, to represent a basic living
standard.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

Social Security Poverty Line
when lowest level of social welfarepayment is used as
equivalent to a poverty line.

HOW TO MEASURE POVERTY

Food Ratio Method
where the poor are distinguished from the non poor by
the proportion of their money spent on necessities
such as food, clothes and shelter.

POVERTY THRESHOLD
- the annual per capita income required or the

amount to be spent to satisfy nutritional

requirements (2000 calories) and other basic
needs.

POVERTY THRESHOLD

FE = actual food expenditure of families within the +/ten percentile of the food threshold
TBE = total basic expenditure of families within the
+/- ten percentile of the food threshold.

POVERTY THRESHOLD

Types of Poverty
Absolute Poverty
Relative Poverty
Situational Poverty

Generational or Chronic Poverty

Absolute Poverty
Chronic lack of basic food,
clean water, health and
housing
Experience lot of child
deaths from preventable
diseases like cholera and
water-contamination
related diseases.

Absolute Poverty

This type of poverty

is usually long term in
nature

Often handed to
them by generations
before them.

Relative Poverty
This kind is usually in relation to other members and

families in the society.

Cannot afford vacations, or cannot buy presents for
children at Christmas, or cannot send its young to
the university.
They have access to government support for food,
water, medicine and free housing but they are still
considered poor because the rest of the community
have access to superior services and amenities.

Situational Poverty
People or families can be poor because of some

adversities like earthquakes, floods or a serious

illness.
Sometimes, people can help themselves out of this
situation quickly if they are given a bit of assistance.

Generational or Chronic Poverty

This is a more complicated type of poverty.
This is when poverty is handed over to

individuals and families from generations

before them.
People in this type of poverty are usually
trapped in its causes.
Have no access to tools that will get them
out of this situation.

Causes of poverty
History
War & political instability

National Debt
Corruption
National economy

Income distribution

Causes of poverty
High population growth
Rural to urban migration
Tragedy

Low wages
Discrimination in the workplace
Individual circumstances and characteristics

Effects of Poverty
Individual

no school or education
child labor to help the parents

lack of basic hygiene

transmission of diseases
homelessness

teenage pregnancy
early marriage on girls
prostitution on girls

Effects of Poverty
Community
Crippling accidents due to unsafe working

environments
Violence and crime
Poor housing
The poor in slum areas dispose their household
garbage and even human wastes.

Effects of Poverty
Country
High Infant Mortality and Annual Death Rate
Increased risk of war

Low economy

STATISTICAL UPDATES
World Updates

Source : World Bank,

World Development
Indicators.

STATISTICAL UPDATES
ASIA Updates (www.worldbank.org.ph)

STATISTICAL UPDATES
Philippines Updates
Poorest place:
Located in
Mindanao
Least poorest :
Luzon

SOURCE : National Statistics Coordination Board

STATISTICAL UPDATES
Philippines Updates

(National Statistics Coordination Board)

STATISTICAL UPDATES
Philippines Updates

(National Statistics Coordination Board)

POOREST Province in the Philippines in the first 6 month of the Year 2012
Lanao
Apayao
Eastern Samar Maguindanao Zamboanga del Norte
Davao Oriental Ifugao
Sarangani
Negros OrientalMasbate
North Cotabato Northern SamarBukidnon
Lanao del Norte Sultan Kudarat -

68.9%
59.8%
59.4%
57.8%
50.3%
48%
47.5%
46.5%
45.3%
44.2%
43.9%
43.7%
43.3%
42.5%
41.6%

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

10. TOGO
REASONS :
lack of sustainable political system
lack of leadership qualities in their rulers

and many more which lead them to this

situation

Its income per capita is 898 dollars

which is below the poverty line

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

9. MALAWI
REASONS :
It is one of the poorest countries of the world
due to certain reasons one of them is the
poor communication system.
Its income per capita is 860$

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

8. SIERRE LEONE
REASONS:
Its income per capita is below the poverty
line and still it is considered to be one of the
best exporters of the world.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

7. ERITREA
REASON:
Eritrea is an African country and its economy is

based on agriculture. Metal is one main thing that

this country exports in the world.
Its income per capita is 777 dollars.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

6. CENTRAL AFRICAN
REPUBLIC
REASONS:
Its main economy is based on agriculture.
The main reasons for its economic downfall is lack of

honesty of their rulers with their public, lack of good

administration, different diseases are growing in this
region and AIDS is one of them.

Its income per capita is 767 dollars.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

5. BURUNDI
REASONS:
Having a population greater than its economy.
lack of good political system
high rate of corruption.
They dont have enough food for its whole

population so they are dying of hunger.

Its income per capita is 614 $

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

4. NIGER
REASONS:
Having a great issue of gender
discrimination making it a very hard place
for women to survive.
It is one of the land locked countries and has
income per capita below the poverty line.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

3. LIBERIA
REASON:
This country has faced many civil wars and
the one happened in 1989 not destroyed its
whole economy
Income per capita of 49$.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

2. ZIMBABWE
REASONS:
Faced many civil wars
Corrupt leaders which made this countrys
economic situation worst.

TOP 10 Countries with HIGH Poverty

Level

1. CONGO
Congo commonly known as DEMOCRATIC

REPUBLIC OF CONGO comes at the top of

this list of TOP POOREST COUNTRY OF
THE WORLD.
Its a Central African country having a
capita per income of 348$ and its reasons
for its economic downfall is the same as the
reasons stated above.

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Employment generation

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Drawing on various social institutions to fund poverty fighting

programs

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Transparency in government spending

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Cancelling
impossible to repay
world debts

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Prioritizing programs that target fundamental human rights

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Taxing the rich more and the poor less

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Building self-sufficient economies

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Education

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Involvement of the media

SOLUTION TO POVERTY
Microfinancing