1.

2.
3.

4.

5.

Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore)

Control systems Old IAS questions from Electrical Engg optional
For FREE Online tests logon to www.gateiespsu.com
State equations are first order differential equations that can be applied to portray only the linear
time-invariant systems.
By adding a pole to the closed loop transfer function, the maximum overshoot increases and the
effect is opposite to that of adding a pole to the open loop transfer function.
For a closed-loop system to be asymptotically stable, there is no restriction on the location of the
poles and zeros of the loop transfer function F(s), but the poles of the closed loop transfer function
rhust all be located in the left half of S-plane.
Describe a simple position control system is driven by 100 : 1 gear by a motor whose torque
characteristics is of the form (10
0.3 N)
N-m, where N is the speed in R.P.M and
is the voltage supplied by the amplifier. If the synchros produce 1 V/degree error and if the steady
state error should be 5 for a speed input of 20 RPM, calculate the required amplifier gain.
Viscous friction at the motor shaft is 60
Nm-sec.
Distinguish between open-loop and closed-loop system. Convert the system of Fig. 5 into a unity
feedback system.
20 M

R
10
3

Fig. 5
6. Obtain the state equations in (i) the controller form, and (ii) and observer form for the transfer
function G(s) given by
G(s) =
7. What do you mean by Root-locus of a system? Give properties of the root-locus.
A unity feedback system has a forward path transfer function
G(s) =
Sketch the locus of the poles of the transfer function of the closed-loop system as K varies from
zero to infinity, explaining all the steps involved.
20 M
8. What is a servomotor? Give the characteristics of a 2-phase servomotor and obtain its transfer
function.
A 50 Hz, 2-phase, a.c. servomotor has the following parameters:
Starting torque
= 0.186 N-m
Rotor inertia
=1
kg
Supply voltage
= 120 V
No-load angular velocity
= 304 rad/sec
Assuming straight line torque-angular speed characteristics of the motor and zero viscous friction,
derive the transfer function.
20 M
9. A system is described by
X = AX + BU
Y = CX
where
0
1
8
2
A=
1
0
5 ; B=1
0
2
6
0
and C = [1 2 1].
Determine whether the system is stable.
20 M
10.
20 3 = 60 M
(a) If a system is stable with unity feedback, the open loop system is also stable.
(b) A two-phase a.c. Servomotor is similar in all respects to a conventional induction motor.
(c) If in the state variable description of a system, A matrix is singular, then the system is
unstable.

Leading Institute for GATE/IES/JTO/PSUs in Bangalore (Branches@ Jayanagar & Malleshwaram)

Class room coaching | Online tests | Postal coaching | Discussion forums | Counselling
Join@ www.facebook.com/onlineies http://groups.google.com/group/onlineies
Contact: 99003 99699 E-mail: onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineies.com

Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore)

Control systems Old IAS questions from Electrical Engg optional
For FREE Online tests logon to www.gateiespsu.com
11. Sketch the uuderdamped time response of a second order control system to a step input. Define
clearly the Delay time, Rise time, Peak time, Peak-overshoot, Settling time and
Steady state error and also show them in the sketch.
20 M
12. A system is represented by the following equations :
20 M
x = + 3u
+ 2u
u
Find the transfer function

by signal flow technique.

13. State Nyquist Stability Criteria and investigate the stability of the closed loop system with the
following open loop transfer function.
G(s) H(s) =

by drawing Nyquist plot

Wherever the Nyquist plot crosses the real or imaginary axis determine the frequency and the
intercept value.
20 M
14. The response of an initially relaxed timeinvariant constant parameter system to a unit impulse
applied at t = 0 is 4
u(t).
(i) Find through time domain analysis the response to the same system to an input e-t u(t)
(ii) Find the time function which when applied to the system would yield a response sin st. u (t).
20 M
15. An open loop transfer function of unity feedback system is given by G(s) =
. Determine the
damping factor, undamped natural frequency, damped natural frequency and time response for a
unit step input.
20 M
16. What do you understand by the term controllability of a system? State the necessary and sufficient
conditions to be satisfied by the coefficient matrices of a system, so that the system is completely
controllable. Hence check the controllability of a system having for its state description, the
matrices :
20 M
A=

B=

20 3 = 60 M
(a) In analog simulation of physical system, Integrators are used rather than Differentiators.
(b) Phase lead compensation decreases the band width of a system.
(c) Synchro error detectors are used in dc servo system.
18. The roots of a second order system are located at 1 + j2 and 1 j2. Determine the followings if
the system is excited by unit step input :
(i) Damping ratio
(ii) Maximum % overshoot
(iii) Natural frequency of oscillation
(iv) Damped frequency of oscillation
20 M
19. Obtain the transfer, function of phase lead network. Show that
sin
and
where
, a and T have usual meanings.
20 M
20. The unity feedback system has forward path transfer function
G(s) =
17.

Determine steady state error coefficients

Hence find the steady state error in output if
(i) Unit step input,
(ii) Unit ramp input and
(iii) Unit parabolic input are given.
21. The state equations for a system are given by

and

20 M

Where

Leading Institute for GATE/IES/JTO/PSUs in Bangalore (Branches@ Jayanagar & Malleshwaram)

Class room coaching | Online tests | Postal coaching | Discussion forums | Counselling
Join@ www.facebook.com/onlineies http://groups.google.com/group/onlineies
Contact: 99003 99699 E-mail: onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineies.com

Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore)

Control systems Old IAS questions from Electrical Engg optional
For FREE Online tests logon to www.gateiespsu.com

= [1 1 1] = and
Determine the output response of a system to unit step input.
22. For a stable system, the gain margin and phase margin should be positive.
23. What is Bode-plot? Discuss how a Bode-plot can be drawn.
Derive the step response of a second order system expressed by :
a
= F(i).

20 M

20 M

24. (i) The pole-zero configuration of a closed-loop control system is given by ( , ) = 2 j2.
Calculate the undamped resonance frequency and the damping ratio.
10 M
(ii) Explain Hurwitz stability crieteria.
The characteristic equation of a system is represented by
4
+ 2s + 3 = 0.
Verify the stability of the system through expansion by continued fraction.
10 M
25. Enumerate state and state variable representation of a dynamic system.
Determine, by Routh array, whether a system represented by characteristic equation.
+ 8s + 11 = 0
is stable or not.
20 M
26. State variable approach for analysis is applicable only to linear time invariant systems.
27. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is given by
G(s) =
(i) Using the Routh Hurwitz method, determine the necessary conditions for the system to be
stable.
(ii) Sketch the root locus diagram for the system described for positive values of k,
and .
Show how the root locus gets modified with addition of a zero.
20 M
28. Feedback provides some control on the steady state error to standard inputs by adjustment of open
loop gain.
29. A system is described by the following state and output equations :
and Y = [1 0] X
where u(t) is a unit step input and the initial conditions
= 0,
= 0. Obtain the time
response of the system.
20 M
30. While a lead compensator reduces system bandwidth, a lag compensator on the other hand
increases the system bandwidth.
31. In order to increase the distance between poles, carrying long distance transmission line,
aluminium conductors should be strengthened by strain hardening.
32. Routh Hurwitz and continuous fraction stability criteria tell whether the system is stable or
unstable. They do not tell anything about the relative stability of the system.
33. A system is represented by state equation X = AX. If for X (0) =

the response is

X (t) =
and for X(0) =

the response is

X(t) =
Determine the state transition matrix.
20 M
34. The steady state errors for unit step input to type-0, type-1 and type-2, unity feedback systems
are finite non-zero, zero and infinite respectively.

Leading Institute for GATE/IES/JTO/PSUs in Bangalore (Branches@ Jayanagar & Malleshwaram)

Class room coaching | Online tests | Postal coaching | Discussion forums | Counselling
Join@ www.facebook.com/onlineies http://groups.google.com/group/onlineies
Contact: 99003 99699 E-mail: onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineies.com

Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore)

Control systems Old IAS questions from Electrical Engg optional
For FREE Online tests logon to www.gateiespsu.com
35. Show that the feedback reduces the effect of parameter variation on the performance of the
control system. But adversely affect the gain of the system. Also discuss briefly the effect of
feedback on the transient performance of the control system
20 M
36. (i) Solve the difference function given by
y(K + 2) 5y (K + 1) + 6y(K) = 3x (K + 1) + 5x(K) If the initial conditions are
y( 1) = and y( 2) =
and the input function is x(K) =
. u(K).
10 M
(ii) Enumerate different properties of the ROC for Laplace transform and find out the I.L.T of
X(s) =
for the different ROCs Re(s) > 1, Re(s) < 2, 2 < Re (s) < 1 10 M
37. Routh Hurwitz criterion is an algebraic method that provides information on the absolute
stability of linear time invariant system that has a characteristic equation with constant coefficients.
38. Explain the effects of negative feedback in control systems on the following :
20 M
(i) Stability
(ii) External disturbances
39. If the roots of characteristic equation of a linear digital control system lie within unity circle in zplane, the system is stable.
40. Discuss the performances of proportional plus derivative and proportional plus integral
controllers.
20 M
41. Explain the following :
(i) Gain margin
(ii) Phase margin
How are they determined from Nyquist plot and Bode plot?
20 M
42. (i) Consider the function of complex frequency s of the following expression :
X(s) =
Find the Laplace inverse function of the above expression.
43. At any point on the root locus with angle condition satisfied, the value of K-variable parameter
(for this point to be a root) is obtained as
K=
44. What do you understand by lead compensator? Draw the approximate Bode plot for a typical lead
compensator. Design a suitable control system for a missile to introduce a lead of 35 and gain of
6.5 db at 2.8 rad/s. What will be the transfer function of this lead compensator that will satisfy the
above requirement?
20 M
45. Write the discrete forms of P, PI and PID controllers. What are various methods of tuning them?
Discuss in brief.
20 M
46. State and explain the Mansons Gain formula. Determine all input-output relationships of the
system represented by the set of following linear equations using the Masons Gain formula :
, and
Where and
are the inputs and and are the states of the system.
20 M
47. Point out the advantages of frequency response studies of a system. Explain the Bode plots for the
log magnitude versus frequency and phase angle versus frequency for the complex conjugate
poles or zeros.
20 M
48. A second order closed loop system is stable, if the open loop system has all its poles in RHS of
s-plane : Use Nyquist Criterion to justify your answer.
49. What do you mean by state transition Matrix? State and explain properties of state transition
Matrix. A process control system is described by the state model:
u
Y = [1 0] X and
=0
Use Laplace Transform method to obtain state transition matrix (t) for the system.

20 M

50. (a)

Leading Institute for GATE/IES/JTO/PSUs in Bangalore (Branches@ Jayanagar & Malleshwaram)

Class room coaching | Online tests | Postal coaching | Discussion forums | Counselling
Join@ www.facebook.com/onlineies http://groups.google.com/group/onlineies
Contact: 99003 99699 E-mail: onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineies.com

Institute Of Engineering Studies (IES,Bangalore)

Control systems Old IAS questions from Electrical Engg optional

Given that the above is linear time-invariant (LTI) system, how would you check the stability of
the system? If there is an unstable mode in the system, is it controllable? If the unstable mode is
controllable, shift it to a stable position, say = 0.5, by state feedback.
20 M
51. A system is described by the following set of state variable equations :

y(t) =
.
(i) Find out the state transition matrix.
(ii) Determine y(t), t 0 when the initial values of the state at time t = 0 are (0) = 1 and
.
15 + 5 = 20 M
52. The Nyquist plot of an all-pole second order open loop system is shown in Fig. 52. Obtain the
transfer function of the system.
20 M

0.5

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

Real
w=0

0.5 w =
1.0
1.5
2.0

w=2

2.5

Fig. 52
53. Determine the stability of the closed loop system whose transfer functions is given as
T(s) =
20 M
54. Consider the system shown in Fig. 54 where the damping ratio = 0.6 and the natural frequency
= 5 rad/sec. Obtain he value of rise time , peak time , maximum overshoot
and settling
time for the 2% criterion when the system is subjected to a unit step input.
20 M
R(s)
C(s)

Fig. 54
55. Consider the state equation :
.
Find the state vector X(t) for t 0 when the input r(t) is a unit step input.

20 M

Best GATE/IES/PSU Coaching center @ Malleshwaram & Jayanagar of Bangalore

Exclusively for CSE/ECE/EEE/IN Ph: 099003 99699/ 09741900225
Email : Onlineies.com@gmail.com Site: www.onlineIES.com
Follow us for regular updates here: www.facebook.com/onlineies