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High Reliability 30 l Grid Regulation 36 l Transmission System 42
High Reliability 30 l Grid Regulation 36 l Transmission System 42
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CONTENTS
No. 3
C O V E R
S T O R Y
MARCH2013
Vol. 65
30
24
30
36
36
42
2
March 2013
3 | www.tdworld.com
42
Get It Done From the Air

Idaho Power uses helicopter-based live-line maintenance
to get the job done in a timely, outage-free manner.
By Tom Barber,
r Idaho Power
Distributed Generation Drives System Planning

Network planning benets from geographic information system data
and user-oriented software.
By Jozef Tomcik, Peter Mento andJaroslav Serdula, VSE Group
FERC Order 1000

New regulations allow independent developers to compete against
traditional utilities.
By Cathy Swirbul, Contributing Writer
Reinforcing Rhode Island

National Grid nears completion of a challenging component
of the New England East-West Solution suite of transmission projects.
By David Beron, National Grid, Andrew Alexiades, POWER Engineers,
and Scott Ryder,
r Energy Initiatives Group
50
Incipient Faults: Can They Be Seen?
58
GIS Enhances Hazard Tree Control
Real-time waveform analytics identify looming failures, bringing us

into the realm of distribution fault anticipation technology.
By Ken Sanford, Arizona Public Service Co., and John S. Bowers,
Pickwick Electric Cooperative
Mid-South Synergy uses a GIS-based spatial analysis plan

to control and schedule vegetation management activities.
By Comfort Manyame, Mid-South Synergy Electric Coop
CONTENTS
Departments
8
16
10
GlobalVIEWPOINT
Sustain and Renew. Over time, we learn what we can sustain and what we
can renew, and that there are differences between the two.
By Rick Bush, Editorial Director
BUSINESSDevelopments
14
NPPD Contracts POWER Engineers to Design 220-Mile Transmission Line

Duke Energy Sues Cincinnati Over Line Relocation for Streetcar Project
SMARTGrid
CenterPoint Energy Makes Giant Strides in AMI Initiative
EUs Energy-Efciency Directive Is a Hammer Blow for Smart Metering
in Europe, Warns GlobalData Energy Consultant
22
62
16
TECHNOLOGYUpdates
MLGW Takes Unique Approach to Distribution Automation Project

Activates New 5-MW Solar Plant
Tucson
20
QuarterlyREPORT
22
CHARACTERSwithCharacter
62
PRODUCTS&Services
Tree Care: Key to Storm Recovery. The Arbor Day Foundation helps to
educate both utilities and their customers how to prevent storm-related
damage to trees. By Randy Gordon, Arbor Day Foundation
A Woman with a Plan. When it comes to creating and executing a plan,

Catie Plante, a transmission project manager and emergency coordinator
specialist at Connecticut Light & Power, gets the job done, personally and
professionally. By James R. Dukart, Contributing Writer
72
High-Impedance Fault Detection

Volt/VAR Optimization Technology
StraightTALK
Counterintuitive Strategies. For a utility to turn its storm performance
around, it must recognize that the effects of many improvement initiatives
are counterintuitive. By Richard Brown, WorleyParsons
In Every Issue
68
71
4
March 2013 | www.tdworld.com
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GlobalViewpoint
Sustain and Renew
was visiting with my buddy Vito maybe a decade ago and

we were walking around in San Francisco when I happened
into a shop that touted sustainability. Vito lives in the land
of the politically and environmentally correct, so I asked, Hey,
Vito, what does this sign mean? He couldnt give me a precise
denition of what sustainability meant, although he was sure
the proprietors goal was to project an environmentally friendly hue that would result in additional sales. Vito couldnt nd
any obvious sustainably traits to the products for sale. And I
was pretty sure the products couldnt sustain themselves.
Sustainability in our culture has become such a feel-good
word that, as long as a product doesnt overtly damage the environment, it can be claimed to be sustainable. And things are
ever murkier now that the marketing world has embraced sustainability as its own. Being an editor, I checked the meaning
of the term in my favorite dictionary, Merriam-Webster. There, I
discovered that sustainability is relating to or being a method
of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not
depleted or permanently damaged.
Okay, so using that denition on myself, I can state that my
sense of humor is denitely sustainable. Ive had it dogging me
for years. But to keep from using it up, to keep it sustainable, I
try to parse it out.
My wife is a psychologist and tells me that at least some of
my aberrant behavior could be attributed to the fact that I am
left-handed and (thus by association) right-brained. She sees
in me common lefty traits, including creativity and speaking
without mind engaged.
Here is a typical speak before you think experience. I was
in a room full of engineers and managers, and the discussion
was being dominated by one particularly difcult manager
who was quite critical of others opinions while quite fond of
his own. In a gathering of 15 or so, Mr. Odious got on the topic
of diet and made this statement: You are what you eat.
Before I could stop my mouth, it responded to this irritant
with: Then Buddy, you need to change your diet. I expected this comment would garner a few snickers or a laugh or
two, but the room instead was lled with tomb quiet. Oh, no.
This was awkward, and I could think of no way out. Evidently,
I had hit too close to home with what others were thinking,
and there was no way I could glib myself out of this bit of selfinduced ugly. I could only wait for a seemingly eternity of silence to pass.
My condence was dinged. Any desire to deliver another
zinger was squelched. But time restores, and my temporarily
depleted well of off-the-cuff comments was replenished over
time. With a lifetime of rebounding from comments of this
sort, I can positively state that my sense of humor is sustainable.

Now I am a aming environmentalist compared to Vito.
This Italian, Louisiana Cajun scrunches up his nose when politically correct people make unresearched statements like We
need more renewable energy without any true understanding
of the impact of their energy opinions. As you might imagine,
when Vito and I talk, discussions can get a little heated when
the word renewable works its way into our talks. Renewable
seems to take on some of the same attributes as sustainable but
with maybe a slightly more radical connotation. Going back
to my man Merriam, renewable is capable of being replaced
by natural ecological cycles or sound management practices.
Im not often accused of demonstrating sound management practices, so lets take a look at my natural ecological
cycle. After a day of heavy pondering, when I disengage the
brain, it seems to renew and refresh on its own. Yes, I am here
to state here and now that my brain is renewable. Heres how it
works. When my brain is overly engaged, it simulates an overloaded transformer and saturates (a real transformer term);
no more will ow in without some downtime. But the brain
wont stop churning on a topic unless it is given something else
to obsess over. In my instance, the best activities to refresh the
brain are golf and shing. When golng, my mind churns on
a dozen swing thoughts as I try to make that little white ball go
in a straight line. When shing, my thoughts typically turn to
casting techniques, shortly followed by analyzing methods to
extract lures from tree limbs and underwater snags. In fact,
these activities kick up such a fast brainial refresh rate that I
could make a case for being paid to golf and sh.
The best proof of my own renewable ecological cycle is that
I have not lacked for an editorial topic in 18 years. Once the
brain is renewed and those old synapses start ring again,
I will surely get riled up or tickled by something. And then,
as I sit down at the keyboard, words start jumping up on the
screen. Not all editorials ow that easily, but I can say with
condence that after the brain is refreshed, a renewable ow
of consciousness will show its handiwork again.
In full disclosure, I have to admit this editorial is not what I
started out to write. I intended to write a column on economic
sustainability, a much more serious topic. And now, well, my
mind is saturated. I have hit my 850-word limit. Its time to hit
refresh and hit the links.
Editorial Director
Bigger
Better
Perceptive planning shapes a powerful future.
What you need tomorrow is just as important as what you
need today. Even as Black & Veatch delivers todays most
complex Power Delivery projects, were implementing
expansive plans for growth to ensure well continue to
exceed your expectations far into the future.
We are hiring! Visit bv.com/careers to view opportunities,

including at our new Minneapolis and Houston ofces.
Were building a world of difference. Together.
Consulting
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BusinessDevelopments
NPPD Contracts POWER Engineers

to Design 220-Mile Transmission Line
POWER Engineers has been awarded a contract to design, route and manage the
construction of an approximately 220-mile (354-km) transmission line across northcentral Nebraska for the Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD).
The new 345-kV transmission line aims to enhance reliability, reduce system congestion and provide opportunities for the development of additional renewable energy projects on NPPDs electric grid.
The line will be constructed from the existing Gerald Gentleman Station, extending north to a new substation in or near Cherry County, Nebraska, and then
east to a new substation near the eastern border of Holt County. The new line may
also require rerouting up to 2 miles (3.2 km) of an existing 345-kV transmission line
into the new substation near the Holt County line.
POWER will provide NPPD services related to preliminary engineering, route
selection, environmental surveying, right-of-way acquisition, permitting, design
engineering, structure and foundation design, electrical systems engineering and
studies, surveying, and construction management services.
The proposed line is part of a 10-year transmission expansion plan approved in
2012 by the Southwest Power Pool, which is responsible for ensuring adequate transmission infrastructure in a nine-state region that includes Nebraska.
This is an important project for the Nebraska transmission system, and POWER
is honored to work with NPPD to deliver an efcient, cost-effective and environmentally responsible transmission line, said Lynn Askew, POWERs senior project
manager for environmental services.
For more information, visit www.nppd.com or www.powereng.com.
Duke Energy Sues Cincinnati Over Utility

Line Relocation for Streetcar Project
Duke Energy Corp. has led a lawsuit against the city of Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.,
arguing that a city ordinance requiring the company to pay to relocate utility lines
for a streetcar project is unconstitutional.
The lawsuit seeks to shift the estimated US$15 million cost back to the city. However, Duke has warned that the cost may be shifted to Duke customers if the city
does not pay.
Duke and the city were unable to settle the matter between them and have agreed
to allow the courts to decide who should be responsible for the cost of moving utility
lines to make room for streetcar stations and tracks.
The suit, which was expected, states that Duke should not have to pay to relocate
utility lines that wouldnt have to be moved if there were no planned streetcars. The
city argues that it should not have to pay Duke for moving utility lines as part of a
public improvement project.
The utility argues that the city cannot give its own streetcar preferential treatment and cannot force other utilities operating in the street to relocate at their own
cost to make way for the streetcar.
To avoid delaying the project while awaiting the court ruling, the city has agreed
to allocate the estimated $15 million needed for the relocation work and Duke has
agreed to begin the work. City ofcials hope the project, estimated to cost $110 million, can open in 2016.
The 3.6-mile (5.8-km) streetcar line will link popular spots throughout the citys
downtown and riverfront areas with the trendy Over-the-Rhine district.
For more information, visit www.duke-energy.com or www.cincinnati-oh.gov.
10
Hydro-Qubec
Awards Alstom
FACTS Order
Hydro-Qubec has awarded Alstom
Grid a contract to design, supply and install a 315-kV static var compensator at
the Figuery Substation in Amos, Qubec.
This substation is critical to the Abitibi-Tmiscamingue region of the province, which is facing growing industrial
demand. Reinforcing the transmission
system near Amos with proven, power
electronics-based Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) equipment will improve the electric transmission capacity
of the region.
The Hydro-Qubec transmission system comprises 33,630 km (20,897 miles)
of lines, 514 substations and interconnections with electric grids in Atlantic
Canada, Ontario and the Northeastern
U.S. There are 1,682 km (1,045 miles)
of lines in the Abitbi-Tmiscamingue region of Qubec where industrial activities represent approximately 64% of all
electricity sales in the area.
Visit www.alstom.com.
G&W Receives KEMA

Product Certication
G&W Electric Co. is the first recipient
of a new Product Certificate presented
by the prestigious KEMA Laboratory in
the Netherlands. The new Product Certificate includes passing the conventional Type Test, which verifies the design
parameters and ratings of the product
to international standards, but further
adds the following:
l Sampling,
which requires the
manufacturer to supply more than one
product sample, allowing lab personnel
to randomly select which sample to test.
l Quality system, which requires the
manufacturer to be ISO 9001 certified
for their quality systems.
l Code of conduct, which requires
the manufacturer to have a mission statement and company policies to guide the
operations of the company toward product quality and customer satisfaction.
G&W received the Product Certificate for the latest extension to its Viper
recloser product line, the Viper-LT.
Visit www.gwelec.com
Is your reputation
on the line?
We think ours is, too.
Were line contractors employing
NECA/IBEW trained linemen.
Does this mean we dont take utility
work as seriously as you do? No!
Power work is what we have
embraced, trained for, and live.
Were dedicated to protecting
our reputations, and yours, too!
Learn more at the sites below.
For more information: www.nlmcc.org
O n l i n e v i d e o m a g a z i n e : w w w. e l e c t r i c t v. n e t
NECA & IBEW

Your Quality Connection
BusinessDevelopments
PSE&G Unveils 10-Year Proposal

to Make New Jersey Energy Strong
Public Service Electric and Gas Co. (PSE&G) proposed to invest US$3.9 billion
during the next 10 years to proactively protect and strengthen its electric and gas
systems against increasingly frequent severe weather conditions. In a ling with the
New Jersey Board of Public Utilities, PSE&G asked for initial funding approval of
$2.6 billion during the rst ve years. Since some of the improvements will take
more than ve years to implement, the utility may seek approval to spend an additional $1.3 billion in the following ve years to complete the program.
PSE&Gs Energy Strong program would include protecting more than 40 utility installations from storm surges, strengthening distribution lines, making the
electric grid smarter and thereby easier to restore customers, and modernizing the
gas distribution system.
PSE&G has been recognized repeatedly for providing safe, highly reliable service, said Ralph Izzo, PSE&G chairman and CEO. But reliability is no longer enough;
we must also focus on the resiliency of our systems to withstand natural disasters.
Its clear that Sandy, Hurricane Irene and the October ice storm in 2011 represent extreme weather patterns that have become commonplace, Izzo said. Its
equally clear that how we live and do business is so dependent on energy that any
outage is hard to tolerate. Sandy was a dening event for all of us; the states entire energy infrastructure needs to be rethought in light of weather conditions that
many predict will continue to occur.
PSE&G is responding to Sandy with a program that looks to the future with investments that would better protect homes and businesses when the next storm hits,
while also improving day-to-day reliability, added Ralph LaRossa, PSE&G president
and COO.
During Sandy, 2 million of PSE&Gs 2.2 million electric customers lost power due
to damaged switching and substations, damaged poles and electrical equipment,
and downed trees that brought down wires. With the protections outlined in the
ling in place, about 800,000 of those affected by a storm like Sandy would have
remained with power, and restoration times for the rest would be reduced.
A new report from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) warns that
the failure to make adequate infrastructure investments in the U.S. electric grid
could signicantly affect business productivity, employment and competitiveness.
ASCE nds that by 2020, closing the investment gap in our electrical grid would save
American businesses $126 billion, prevent the loss of 529,000 jobs and avert $656
billion in personal income losses.
The cost of inaction is too high, Izzo said. We have a choice: continue to make
incremental improvements and repairs to our electric and gas systems as we have
always done. Or, we can be truly forward-looking and make more substantial investments that will help our state be better prepared for the next Irene, Sandy or other
catastrophic event.
PSE&G outlined key provisions for its 10-year plan:
l $1.7 billion to raise, relocate or protect all switching and substations affected by
recent storms as well as those in newly designated ood zones
l $1.04 billion to replace and modernize 750 miles (1,207 km) of low-pressure
cast-iron gas mains in or near ood areas
l $454 million to deploy smart grid technologies to better monitor system operations to increase our ability to deploy repair teams more swiftly
l $215 million to improve pole distribution systems
l $200 million to create redundancy in the system, reducing outages when damage occurs
l $60 million to move 20 miles (32 km) of overhead distribution lines underground
l $140 million to protect natural gas metering stations and a liqueed natural
gas station affected by Sandy or located in ood zones.
For more information, visit www.pseg.com.
12
CG Opens Power
Transformer Factory
in Saudi Arabia
SPTC, a joint venture between CG
and Saudi Transformer Co., inaugurated its agship power transformer factory in Dammam Industrial City in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on Feb. 12.
The joint venture is dedicated to the
design, engineering and manufacture
of power transformers and mobile substations.
The factory has a capacity of 5,000
MVA. The rst transformer manufactured will leave the factory by mid-April.
The joint venture has already received
a ve-year framework contract for substation services. The rst orders are for
one mobile substation and six 25-MVA
power transformers. The products will
be delivered to Saudi Electricity Co.
Visit www.cgglobal.com.
Seattle City Light

Partners on Campus
Micro-Grid Project
Seattle City Light is partnering with
the University of Washington in a portion of a regional smart grid demonstration project to build a micro-grid
for its new campus housing. The US$10
million project, which received $5.1 million in federal grant money, is one of 11
subprojects that are part of the Pacic
Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration
Project managed by Battelle.
The UW Smart Campus Demonstration Project, which began in early
2010, installed approximately 235 smart
meters that began collecting data in
July 2012 on real-time electricity use
in 178 buildings. The project included
construction of a secure communications network (FacNet) to gather meter
data; a central meter data warehouse to
archive historical energy use; a meter
management system to retrieve, validate
and monitor meter data in near real
time; and custom energy analysis, reporting and visualization tools. Seattle
City Light contributed $600,000 toward
the project for data collection, automation controls and additional metering.
Visit www.pnwsmartgrid.org.
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SMARTGrid
CenterPoint Energy Makes Giant Strides in AMI Initiative

CenterPoint Energy, a Texas transmission and distribution
service provider (TDSP), has installed 2.2 million smart meters for residential and commercial customers, and is nearing
completion of its communications infrastructure installation.
A $200 million Smart Grid Investment Grant enabled the project, which also includes distribution automation capabilities.
Advanced metering infrastructure provides automated service connection and disconnection and meter reading, as well
as an 80% improvement in metering accuracy. Each of these
automated transactions translates into an avoided truck roll.
In our market in Texas, we have a high volume of service
order management, said Kenny Mercado, senior vice president of grid and market operations. Its a competitive market
so customers will change from one retailer to another retailer.
We automatically disconnect and reconnect power on the order of about 7,000 transactions per day, so we have executed
3.5 million orders remotely since we went live.
Another advantage of the meters is automatic notification
of outages. As soon as the outage notification system becomes
fully operational, CenterPoint will no longer need to wait to
hear from customers to learn when an outage occurs or where
crews must be dispatched. Smart meters also help determine
the type of outage and the number of customers affected.
The smart meters also offer customers the potential for sig-
nificant electricity savings. CenterPoint owns and operates the

electricity delivery equipment leading to the customer premises, including the customer meters. More than 100 retail electricity providers (REPs) compete with each other to sign up
customers to sell them electricity. In addition to delivering the
electricity, the TDSPs provide consumers consumption data to
the REPS that then bill the customers. The Smart Meter Texas
web portal enables customers to access their detailed consumption data, provides the REPs the ability to offer prepay or timeof-use programs, and enables both parties to connect home
area network devices to the meter for real-time usage data.
The CenterPoint initiative is highly complex and impacts
numerous areas within the utility. In order to get the technology to work properly, you must have a solid set of requirements, have good communication within the organization
and work with vendors that you trust, Mercado said. We went
with large vendors for our project.
Itron provided the metering hardware and designed the
mesh network that served as the first stage of communication
back to the cell relays. Siemens provided the meter data management system. General Electric built the backhaul system
IBM did all of the software integration, and Quanta Services
was the contractor hired by Itron to do the labor.
For more information, visit www.centerpointenergy.com.
EUs Energy-Efciency Directive Is a Hammer Blow for Smart

Metering in Europe, Warns GlobalData Energy Consultant
European countries that can afford electricity smart metering programs will continue with their plans, but smaller nations and new accession states are now likely to back out of
smart metering schemes, as the Energy-Efficiency Directive
agreed by the European Unions (EUs) member states late
last year significantly waters down the billing and metering
requirements found in previous drafts.
Countries yet to complete cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) for
electricity include Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Latvia and Portugal. Belgium, the Czech Republic and Lithuania already have completed negative CBAs and will not be implementing smart
metering and smart grids.
Jonathan Lane, GlobalDatas head of consulting for power
and utilities, considers the fate of these countries smart grid
plans: Whilst it is inconceivable that Germany will not implement smart metering given its large solar and wind generation
sector, all the other undecided countries look like a significant
risk and only Poland has a strong chance of a positive result.
The smart metering industry must take some responsibility for this result. It has been unable to deliver a simple, massmarket product to Europe such as those found in the U.S. The
lack of an available frequency for radio mesh products used
14
in the U.S. has been a problem, but the industry has failed to
find a solution that works across Europe at a reasonable cost.
Why would a utility in Hungary buy a GPRS-enabled smart
meter for 100 euros, when it can buy a single-phase electronic
meter for 10 euros? Many European countries, including Hungary, already have ripple control system to manage the peaks
produced by electric hot water heaters and do not need smart
meters for demand response.
Lane also argues that policy makers at the EU and national
level are to blame because of their inability to articulate the
purpose of smart metering in Europe. Is it to drive energy efficiency, he asks, reduce non-technical losses, to enable large
quantities of intermittent renewables to be connected to the
grid, to support electric vehicles, to deliver demand response?
Again, Europe can learn from the U.S., which has a clear focus
on the biggest challenge alleviating the peaks produced by
air conditioning.
GlobalData expects countries in Eastern Europe to focus
on district heating measures to support their energy-efficiency
goals, and perhaps smart meterings time will come again for
these countries perhaps when a frequency can be made
available for radio mesh.
For more information, visit www.globaldata.com.
Count on DuPont to help keep

your customers out of the dark
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Always read and follow all label directions and precautions for use.
Te DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont, Te miracles of science, Streamline and Viewpoint are trademarks or registered trademarks of DuPont or its aliates.
Copyright 2013 E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. All Rights Reserved. LANDM026893P125A
TechnologyUpdates
MLGW Takes Unique Approach

to Distribution Automation Project
Memphis Light, Gas and Waters (MLGWs) US$13 million smart grid project is
unique in that it is an internal distribution automation project without a large customer component. In fact, while most customers might not be aware of the project,
the results will be very real for the utility and the customers.
As part of its smart grid project, MLGW installed more than 500 intelligent relays,
obtained from ETI/Richards and Digital Grid Technologies, with communications
capabilities for the network electric distribution system that serves the downtown
and medical center districts. These network protector relays work in conjunction
with a variety of sensors to monitor operating parameters of the transformer and
protector as well as the environment within the underground vaults.
To enable communication between the smart grid components, ber-optic and
copper instrument cables were installed throughout the area. RuggedCom provided the communications routers for the system. This communications network
integrates the new automated distribution equipment in the eld with an upgraded
supervisory control and data acquisition system and expansion of the current outage
management system into a distribution management system.
All of the equipment was installed at the end of 2012, and MLGW is currently
conguring the control programs to interpret the data being delivered from the system. When complete, MLGW will have unprecedented knowledge of the condition
of its system, remote control of network protectors and a wealth of analysis tools to
improve the quality of engineering and operational studies.
Memphis intends this automated distribution management to reduce operating
costs. It improves distribution system reliability by providing a fast and coordinated response to grid outages, as well as improved preventative maintenance due to
equipment monitoring. Worker safety is improved by reducing the number of trips
into the vaults, particularly under dangerous conditions.
For more information, visit www.mlgw.com.
Tucson Activates New 5-MW Solar Plant

Tucson Electric Power (TEP) announces the completion of the 5-MW Prairie Fire
Solar Plant in Tucson, Arizona, U.S. Over the course of a year, the Prairie Fire array
is expected to produce nearly 9,000 MWh, enough to power more than 850 homes.
The xed-tilt system was designed and constructed by SOLON. TEP will own and
operate the solar production facility. The 5-MW system spans 28 acres (11 hectares)
and is composed of more than 17,000 solar panels. The construction of the system,
located near East Valencia and East Old Vail roads, took just 10 weeks and created
the equivalent of 75 full-time local
jobs.
The Prairie Fire system is
the third utility-scale solar array
SOLON has developed for TEP
in Tucson. By the end of 2013, the
utility expects to have more than
250 MW of renewable generating
capacity, enough energy to power
the equivalent of approximately
50,000 homes.
For more information, visit
www.tep.com and www.solon.com.
16
ATC Synchrophaser
Initiative Advances
American Transmission Co. (ATC)
provides electric transmission service
for Michigans Upper Peninsula, eastern Wisconsin and portions of Illinois
through 9,440 miles (15,192 km) of highvoltage transmission lines and more
than 500 substations. ATCs US$2.6 million phasor measurement unit (PMU)
project, which received a $1.3 million
federal grant, is expanding the collection of phasor data from 45 to 90 substations throughout its transmission system.
ATC has 85 PMUs in service, 18 of
which are digital fault recorders (DFRs)
with synchrophasor output enabled. ATC
is installing stand-alone Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories PMUs at sites that
do not currently have DFRs and upgrading existing ERLPhase and Mehta Tech
DFRs to give them PMU functionality.
Data from 35 PMUs is being sent to
Midwest ISO with plans to enable all data
later. The last ve Department of Energysponsored PMU sites will be completed
in 2013. ATCs project is also using new
phasor data concentrators from Cooper
Power, and improved data collection and
historian software from OSIsoft.
Ultimately, ATC will use synchrophasor monitoring to improve system
reliability and restoration procedures.
Wide-area monitoring, visualization and
system control enables a more expansive view of the bulk transmission system
while revealing dynamic operating details. ATC soon will have PMUs installed
and providing data at all 345-kV substations and large generating stations.
Long term, Jim Kleitsch, ATCs operation lead, sees the data becoming increasingly integrated with ATCs existing
processes so that operations, planning,
system protection and asset maintenance
personnel can analyze the data to determine how the system is performing.
Starting in 2014, ATC will shift from
getting the data owing to analysis of
the data and implementation of changes
based on the results. ATC plans to extend
synchrophasor visibility outside its operational footprint by leveraging data that
will be made available from other companies as well as from the Midwest ISO.
Visit www.atcllc.com
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technologyUpdates
Tennessee Valley Authority and NEETRAC Pilot

Smart Wire Technology to Improve Grid Reliability
A pilot demonstration of Smart Wire technology is now
under way on the Tennessee Valley Authoritys power transmission system. Installed on a 161-kV transmission line near
Knoxville, Tennessee, U.S., the Smart Wire system is designed
to provide congestion relief by redistributing power ow onto
underused lines, thereby optimizing transmission system
operations.
Smart Wire technology, manufactured by Smart Wire Grid
Inc., consists of an array of distributed series reactance units
(DSRs) that easily attach to a transmission line. The units limit
18
the electrical current ow on the line by injecting inductive

reactance. The DSRs can be operated autonomously or with
full operator control and provide distributed line sensing and
monitoring.
This represents a milestone in moving the Smart Wire
technology from concept through development and into utility operation, said Bruce Rogers, director of technology innovations for TVA. We saw the critical need for this technology
and became an early funder of the Smart Wire concept. For
several years, TVA has continued support of the Smart Wire
technology development effort through
the Georgia Tech/National Electric Energy Testing, Research & Application
Center (NEETRAC) and the Smart Wire
Focused Initiative (SWFI).
The U.S. Department of Energys Advanced Research Program AgencyElectric (ARPA-E) will monitor the 99 units
for a year to verify performance. Each unit
weighs about 150 lb (68 kg) and looks like
a long rectangle box.
The technology offers our transmission grid planners and operators a new
tool that helps address a wide range of
issues facing TVA today, said Rob Manning, executive vice president and chief
energy delivery ofcer for TVA. The
number of challenges that transmission
system owners must meet increases every
year. We are asked to improve grid reliability, facilitate efcient electricity markets along with integrating renewables.
We think Smart Wire technology will
help us do this.
The DSR units were rigorously tested
to electric utility standards for fault current, corona, lightning impulse and vibration by Georgia Tech/NEETRAC at
its high-voltage test facilities.
The TVA team of engineers, operations, planners and eld crews were phenomenal. Crews installed the 99 DSR
units in half the time expected, stated
Stewart Ramsay, CEO for SWG Inc.
Support and funding for the development of the Smart Wire technology and
units was provided by TVA and other utilities as part of NEETRAC/SWFI participation and by the Department of Energy
ARPA-E GENI program. TVA provided
additional funding to support the pilot
demonstration installation.
Visit tva.gov, www.neetrac.gatech.edu
and www.smartwiregrid.com.
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4G LTE is available in more than 450 markets in the U.S. Network details & coverage maps at vzw.com. 2013 Verizon Wireless.
QuarterlyRepoRt
Tree Care: Key to Storm Recovery

By Randy
Gordon, Arbor Day Foundation
n the wake of a disaster like Hurricane Sandy, the rst priority is to protect life, safety and property. But once the
emergency response has ended, addressing damage to
neighborhood trees becomes central to long-term recovery.
Electric utility providers are already among the rstresponders in the wake of the storm, working to keep the
lights on and keep people safe in their homes. They also eld
frequent calls from customers concerned about the intersection of trees and power lines, and whether trees in their own
yard pose a signicant risk. These companies also have a crucial role to play in tree care and recovery, alongside elected
ofcials, neighborhood leaders and the media.
The Arbor Day Foundation is actively engaged with utility providers seeking proactive steps to prepare customers at
risk during storms. Through customer education, planting
the right tree in the right place and a commitment to proper
pruning and care, a great deal of tree-related damage can be
prevented during disasters. These important steps also preserve the year-round benets of urban forestry.
Investing in Proper Tree Maintenance

One of the community benets of a robust tree canopy is
reduced municipal costs. A typical urban forest of 10,000 trees
will retain 10 million gallons (3.78 million liters) of rainwater
per year, improving storm water management and reducing
the expenditures needed for the citys sewer and wastewater
infrastructure.
Another key advantage is the boost to local economies.
Communities with ample tree-life attract more homeowners
and professionals, and see property values rise between 10%
and 20%, while retail areas with more trees draw more shoppers who stay longer.
Educating Homeowners
The Arbor Day Foundation offers counsel on how to properly assess damage to trees and provide needed care through
a comprehensive Storm Recovery Kit. The kit contains both
written materials and videos, and broadcast-quality DVDs are
also available upon request.
In this kit, the Arbor Day Foundation gives a variety of key
storm-recovery tips to electric utilities customers, which, in
turn, can minimize tree damage and prevent unnecessary
outages. For example, homeowners are advised not to panic
following a storm and consider waiting a few weeks or months
before making their nal decision about a tree. If a fallen tree
does require immediate attention, the foundation recom-
20 March 2013 | www.tdworld.com
mends that they hire a professional arborist. Some tree specialists may offer their services, but they may be scam artists
who dont know the industry or have the expertise to get the
job done right.
If a homeowner decides to care for a damaged tree on their
own, they must follow proper safety precautions and best practices. Finally, homeowners can prepare their trees for future
storms. With proper care, much of the worst damage to trees
and property can be prevented.
Partnering with Utilities

In addition to helping utilities to educate their customers,
the Arbor Day Foundation is working with them to protect the
tree canopy and improve the health of urban forests. Even so,
there is room for even deeper partnerships.
Nearly 150 utility companies are already recognized by the
foundation as a Tree Line USA, in honor of their commitment
to proper tree planting, pruning and care in their respective
service areas. Tree Line USA honors both public and private utilities for pursuing practices that protect and enhance
Americas urban trees and for helping customers to plant the
right tree in the right place to save energy.
The healthy intersection between urban forestry and utility providers also informs the Energy-Saving Trees program.
Launched by the Arbor Day Foundation as a pilot initiative
in 2011, Energy-Saving Trees gives customers of participating
utilities the chance to conserve energy and reduce electricity
bills by receiving a free tree to plant in their own yard.
Through the program, an online tool allows customers to
order trees and plant them in a location that will result is the
highest possible savings through the shading effect. In addition to providing approximate energy savings, the tool also
estimates the trees other benets, many of which are felt
throughout the community.
Atlantic Cities Utilities, Delmarva and Pepco, serving millions of customers in Hurricane Sandy-affected areas, are
three of the utilities participating in the Energy-Saving Trees
Program.
Both now and in the future, the foundation looks forward
to continuing its work with private and public sector partners
on effective urban forest management solutions.
Randy Gordon (rgordon@arborday.org) is a program
manager for the Arbor Day Foundation. The foundation
began in 1972 and has grown to include about 1 million
members nationwide who plant millions of trees annually.
Choosing the right pole for the

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CHARACTERSwithCharacter
A Woman with a Plan

By James
R. Dukart, Contributing Writer
Catie Plante,
he rst thing you need to know about Catie Plante

is contained in the rst four letters of her last name.
As if divined by birth, this is a young woman with a
P-L-A-N.
For Plante, a project manager and emergency coordination specialists at Connecticut Light & Power (CL&P),
planning and executing plans has been part of her DNA
since childhood. She was introduced to the utility business
as a young girl, tagging along with her father, a transmission project manager at Public Service New Hampshire
(PSNH), as he would inspect transmission lines and visit
substations. I loved what he did, Plante recalls. I knew
right away I wanted to follow in his footsteps.
She wasted no time in doing so, enrolling in Rensselaer
Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, in civil engineering. Her experience in the business began with a transmission maintenance internship at PSNH. Plante spent her
rst two college summers hiking the woods of New Hampshire, inspecting lines, and observing planning and construction. She spent her senior year of college interning in
the Albany, New York area.
Coming out of college, Plante knew she wanted to be in
transmission project management, but she felt working at
PSNH while her father was still there might constitute a conict of interest. So she joined another of the Northeast Utilities
family of companies, CL&P. She started in the transmission
systems planning group, which she notes was staffed with electrical engineers who were experts on network planning and
reliability but not as familiar with civil engineering constraints
such as terrain, climate and pre-existing structures. Plante
characterizes her time with this group as a bidirectional learning experience: she learned about network design from within
a utility, while other group members gained from her background in civil engineering and familiarity with the geographic and demographic characteristics of CL&Ps service territory.
Plante spent a year and a half with the transmission planning group, followed by a year as a civil engineer designing
structures for substations and specializing in culvert designs
and engineering. I like the dirt and steel, something you can
wrap your arms around, she notes.
Her next role was as a transmission project manager. And
in June, Plante joined CL&Ps emergency preparedness group.
The combination and experience of all her CL&P roles came
into play in a major way in early November, Plante notes, when
22
Connecticut Light & Power

Superstorm Sandy slammed the Connecticut coast.
In the weeks leading up to the storm, weather reports gave
Plante and her emergency preparedness colleagues a fairly
accurate picture that Sandy would land between New Jersey
and New England, so CL&P knew it was in the bulls-eye, so to
speak. The company was able to do pre-landfall assessments
and, in particular, line up help ahead of time for what would
surely be major outages. We really wanted to make sure we
had all hands on deck, says the consummate planner Plante.
And we did. We had updated maps and plans for communications. That is so important, because when the power goes out,
you also lose communications networks.
Once the storm hit, CL&Ps most important charge was
to assess emergency or 911 situations, addressing rst and
foremost any life-threatening conditions or outages. CL&P
restored power to an estimated 800,000 customers throughout the restoration process following the storm, with many of
the outages due to costal ooding. The next task was to clear
roads so emergency vehicles could pass and crews could get
in to restore power. It felt like the entire company, she says,
worked 16-plus-hour days for at least a week straight, but in the
end, it was able to restore power to large majority of its customers within days. We learned a lot from previous storms, too,
Plante adds, citing in particular Hurricane Irene, which hit
the East Coast in 2011.
Among the more interesting notes to Superstorm Sandy,
Plante observes, is that it hit exactly during a full moon, meaning tides were as high as they could possibly be, leading to increased ooding. One of the more memorable crises of the
storm was when CL&P learned that a backup generator had
caught re at a high-security womens prison in the southern
part of the state. At rst, we had to evaluate whether to try to get
a new generator there, or try to restore the circuit, Plante says.
With weeks of long work days now behind her, Plante is
turning to her next series of plans, which is to compete in a
couple more half marathons this year. Last year, she trained
for and competed in her rst full marathon, an experience
she likens to emergency preparedness planning. You have to
make a plan and execute it, she exudes. You can probably tell
I would like that. She also plans to participate in the Ragnar
Relay from Logan to Park City, Utah, in June. Its a 192-mile
(309-km) run in which 12 runners per team have to plan out
their overnight trek through Utahs canyons and mountains.
Sounds pretty much perfect for Catie Plante.
Me and my brandnew
CIBANO 500!
j
Love, Dad
My Dad tests circuit breakers

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Dad says there are 3 instruments
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LiveLine
24
Get It Done
From the Air
Idaho Power uses helicopter-based live-line

maintenance to get the job done
in a timely, outage-free manner.
By Tom
Barber, Idaho Power
daho Power maintains nearly 5,000 miles (8,047 km) of

transmission lines stretching across some of the most
rugged and remote landscape throughout Idaho and
Oregon, U.S. Moving equipment necessary to maintain
the lines by ground is difcult, sometimes requiring permission from landowners and environmental assessments, as well
as the addition of new roads. Beyond access issues, it is becoming increasingly difcult to get permission for outages to
perform maintenance work. Although Idaho Power has some
redundancy, high electrical load in the summer and winter
prevents outages during these months; however, outages are
possible in the spring and fall.
Idaho Power supplies electricity to more than 500,000 customers that span 24,000 sq miles (62,160 sq km). Since the
1980s, Idaho Powers load has increased by 1,075 MW and continues to grow at about 50 MW per year, with the most rapid
growth occurring in Boise and the surrounding area.
surements to create a detailed project plan. Each project task

was listed, the associated hazards for that task were identied,
work procedures were written and appropriate mitigation
steps were developed. In addition, specialized tooling needs
were identied to reduce hazards. Tailboard discussions were
held every morning to review operational tasks, identify potential safety hazards and list mitigation measures to be used
for every particular phase of the project.
The Implementation
Following a tailboard meeting, one of Haverelds 21
McDonnell Douglas MD500 helicopters would long-line the
linemen and necessary equipment to the rst structure. Typical tools used for the work included attachment hardware and
brackets, berglass work sticks and ladders, strain poles and
Specialized Live-Line Crews

An inspection of BrownleeBoise Bench transmission lines
showed many insulators and dampers needed to be replaced.
The project included 103 miles (166 km) of transmission lines
between the Brownlee Station in Hells Canyon and the Boise
Bench Substation in the Boise metro area. Idaho Power does
not integrate bare-hand hot crews in its internal workforce
to perform energized work on its 230-kV lines; therefore, the
utility outsourced this project to contractors who provide options for live-line maintenance. Idaho Power selected Havereld Aviation, an aerial utility contractor, based on its ability
to navigate close tolerances and tight electrical clearances as
well as its line worker expertise.
Working closely together, Idaho Powers project team and
Haverelds specialized services and safety teams developed a
detailed health and safety plan tailored to the utilitys project.
Contractor personnel went to each structure and took mea-
A helicopter provides a long-line delivery of a crew to the structure.
www.tdworld.com | March 2013
25
LiveLine
innovations in Aerial Situations

It is becoming increasingly difcult to obtain permission for outages during maintenance on transmission
lines. Environmental concerns and a lack of muchneeded new power line construction have complicated
the situation even more. The burden placed on utilities
and their systems by constantly increasing consumer
demand and the fact certain areas are fed by radial lines
make energized maintenance the only viable solution.
Recognizing a need to address this issue, Havereld
developed a specialty operations division. Composed
of a team of experienced pilots, foremen, linemen and
groundmen, this division has been tasked with the
development of solutions for situations with complex
energized maintenance work and construction projects.
As many projects present unique problems, the team
continues to invent solutions.
A recently completed project presented difculties
that resulted in the design and fabrication of a unique
device that will be useful in many future situations. The
project required work on structures that were designed
for 69-kV lines but installed with 115-kV lines, which
made conventional work methods a challenge. The issue
was addressed with the development of a hydraulically adjustable, extruded berglass baker board with
adjustable attachment brackets. This allowed work on
The crew, lifts, platforms and gear were delivered to this structure by
the structures to be performed safely, which consisted of helicopter to perform a complex set of energized maintenance actions.
switching out pinning plates, insulators and any necessary conductor repairs.
In another instance, a customer requested insulators be replaced on 400-ft (122-m) towers, which spanned over a river crossing. This work needed to be performed energized. The conductors were 3,500 million circular mils and weighed 12,000 lb
(5,443 kg) each. In response to the challenge the weight of the conductors created, the team developed a winch capable of
lifting 24,000 lb (10,886 kg). The winch was to be mounted above the arm of the structure to help overcome clearance concerns
that the situation presented.
In addition, strain sticks and lifting plates large enough to handle the extreme wire weight were fabricated. Because the lines
were 345 kV with vertical construction, the team had to attach 80 ft (24 m) of strain sticks together to allow optimal positioning
of equipment and linemen to make working on the conductors safe. The nal development for the project was a small spacer
cart that would work on a single conductor for the change-out of 3,000 lb (1,361 kg) of conductor dampers.
Clearance issues with the middle phase on a 500-kV line for another job required the development of a spacer cart that
could be own and suspended below the helicopter using the human external cargo (HEC) system. The HEC system is used
when a lineman is suspended by a long line, 50 ft (15 m) or more in the air from the base of a hovering helicopter. Using the HEC
system, the newly designed spacer cart, equipped with a lineman and tools, landed into position successfully on the energized
middle phase of the 500-kV line, directly on the conductor.
On another water-crossing job, the customer had 400-ft towers with 5,000-ft (1,524-m) spans. The project required the
replacement of conductor weights and spacers. Conventional spacer carts could not travel up the wire without slipping. This
required the team to engineer a four-wheel-drive spacer cart that could handle the centenary of the wire without slipping.
ratchet wrenches. Specialized equipment also was lifted into

place. Some examples of specialized equipment that could be
used on a particular structure follow:
l Custom-designed baker boards and support brackets for
conductor shoe and insulator replacement
l Deadend strain stick assemblies for insulator and deadend shoe replacement
l Long custom berglass strain sticks for the human exter-
26
nal cargo system to position personnel on the structure, conductor or baker boards as needed.
Repairs and Change-Outs

Conductor, damper and hardware repairs at the structure
and insulator change-outs were facilitated using a patented
support assembly attached to the structure body. These specialty baker boards were extruded berglass platforms tted
LIVELine
would be landed, swung into position and connected to the
conductor. Fiberglass strain sticks would be installed into position on the structure by the linemen on the ladder to break
the load, to allow the insulators to be changed.
The Results
Work on the BrownleeBoise Bench Project began on
Sept. 3, 2012, and was completed on schedule 15 days later. At
the conclusion of the project, 42 suspension strings and two
deadend strings were replaced, conductor repairs were made
as needed and damper installations were done at 66 lattice
structures. While the costs are comparable, a ground-based
crew would have needed about three-and-a-half months to
complete the same work.
Tom Barber(tbarber@idahopower.com) is a project manager at
Idaho Power Co. and has 15 years of experience in the electric
utility industry. Prior to working at Idaho Power, he spent ve
years working in consulting at Ralph M. Parsons and POWER
Engineers. Barber holds a BSEE degree from the University of
Idaho and is a professional engineer registered in Idaho.
Companies mentioned:
Havereld Aviation | www.havereld.com
Idaho Power | www.idahopower.com
A helicopter eye view of delivering linemen to the structure via the
long line.
with specially fabricated brackets and hydraulic jacks that

could be attached to a variety of structures.
The boards were lifted by helicopter and tted into place
just under the conductors. A linemen would raise the conductor with a hydraulic lift, disconnect it from the insulators and
slide it outward from the structure. Another lineman would
then be long-lined onto the platform where he would use an
arc wand and bond clamp hooked to his hot suit to energize
and connect himself to the power line. Next, the lineman on
the berglass board would perform work on the conductor
while the lineman on the structure would replace the old insulators with new ones using the helicopter.
On angle structures, special adapter brackets and strain
sticks were used to hold the conductor and break the load.
Two linemen would then be own to the structure on a mini
platform connected to the helicopter with the long-line system. They would be bonded onto the conductor with wands
and bond clamps while the helicopter would hover above the
conductor. Then the lineman would disconnect the conductor
from the insulators and return to the ground. The linemen
on the structure would perform insulator change-outs with
the assistance of the helicopter and a long line. The process
was reversed to reconnect the conductor. Any work needed on
the conductor dampers was done at that time with the mini
platform.
On double-deadend structures, linemen would be own
to the structure by helicopter and long-lined, and then the
equipment would be own to the structure. Fiberglass ladders
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S
ince its introduction in 1997, S&Cs IntelliTeam Automatic Restoration

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IntelliTeam SGis a universal solution for improving grid reliability.
It works with S&C IntelliRupter PulseClosers, Scada-Mate and ScadaMate CX Switches, Remote Supervisory Pad-Mounted Gear, and
Remote Supervisory Vista Underground Distribution Switchgear. And,
using S&Cs IntelliNode Interface Module, IntelliTeam SG works with
protection relays and recloser controls from other manufacturers too.
But we didnt stop there. Now weve developed IntelliTeam VV and
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S&Cs IntelliTeam VV Volt-Var Optimization System
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controls to optimize system voltage and power factor
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Distributed Energy Management System can manage
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and also integrate the communitys wind and solar power
sources. And S&Cs SpeedNet Radios and IntelliCom
WAN Mesh Radios are ideal for a wide range of Smart
Grid applications.
Scada-Mate Switching System, in voltage

ratings of 14.4 kV through 34.5 kV, is ideal
for automating overhead distribution feeders.
All necessary functionssensing, control,
and communicationsare provided in one
economical, self-contained package.
IntelliNode Interface Module allows

IntelliTeam SG to work with a wide array of
new and existing intelligent electronic devices
from other manufacturers.
IntelliRupter PulseCloser, available in voltage ratings

of 14.4 kV through 38 kV, features PulseClosing
Technologya unique means for verifying that
the line is clear of faults before initiating a closing
operation. Pulseclosing is superior to conventional
reclosing. It greatly reduces stress on system
components, as well as voltage sags experienced by
customers upstream of the fault.
6800 Series Automatic

Switch Controls provide
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Automation needs change and grow

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voltage ratings of 14.4 kV through 25 kV.
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Remote Supervisory Vista

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Switchgear, in ratings of 15.5
kV through 38 kV, provides
automated switching and
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perform auto-sectionalizing
without tripping the main
breaker. Up to six loadinterrupter switches or fault
interrupters can be motor
operated in a single unit.
IntelliCom WAN Mesh Radios provide

reliable, high-capacity, self-healing
wireless mesh network communication
for a wide range of applications requiring
high throughput and very low latency.
SpeedNet Radio has been optimized for IntelliTeam
SG, distribution automation, and SCADA applications.
Its high speed and low latency provides the fastestpossible communication for priority trafc.
Remote Supervisory PMH and PME Pad-Mounted Gear feature

power-operated switches which respond to opening and closing
signals from a remote location. This gear, available in ratings of
14.4 kV and 25 kV, can be specied with a communication and
control equipment group, for a completely integrated and selfpowered automated switching and protection package.
IntelliTeam V V Volt-Var Optimization System

achieves optimal power factor and voltage levels.
It regulates VARs and voltage simultaneously.
2012 S&C Electric Company
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The IntelliTeam DEM Distributed Energy Management System

aggregates PureWave Community Energy Storage Units into a
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meet target demand at feeder and substation transformer levels.
PureWave Community Energy

Storage System provides distributed
electric energy storage, for reliable,
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The multiplicity of unitsintegrated
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DEM Distributed Energy Management
Systemoffers higher aggregated
availability . . . keeping the grid
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S&Cs solutions for improved grid reliability,

increased grid capacity and efciency, and
grid communication include a wide range
of supporting engineering and design, and
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These services can be provided individually
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Contact S&C today to see how we can design
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HIGHReliability
Distributed Generation
Drives System Planning
Network planning benets from geographic
information system data and user-oriented software.
By Jozef
Tomcik, Peter Mento andJaroslav Serdula, VSE Group
etwork planning specialists at VSD a distribution system operator in Slovakia and part of the
European RWE Group process applications
on a daily basis for the connection of additional
load and distributed generation. These connections result in
the need for minor and, at times, major modications to the
distribution system.
The utilitys internal guidelines for grid planning dene
the basic framework for such modications. This often results
in the need to quantify the impact of the distribution system
on the newly connected load/generation and, vice versa, to assess the impact of these connections on the distribution system. In those cases, it is necessary to model the section of the
distribution system either in very simple form using some of
the available tabular calculators or in a more complex form
using professional system planning software.
Planning Specication
In 2009, a team of engineers from the VSE Group, also part
of the RWE Group, outlined the requirements for network
planning software (NPS) from the users perspective by dening both the engineering and IT architectures. This was in
An example of a general user interface of PSS SINCAL.
30
response to a massive update of VSE Groups business applications, network information and control systems SAP, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) and geographic
information system (GIS) installed from 2004 to 2009.
Systematic implementation of NPS was one of the last pieces of the puzzle when it came to VSE Groups IT tools. NPS is
expected to replace the manual creation of network models,
which is less precise, very time-consuming and not exible
with regard to maintenance needs and updates. This form of
network modeling affected, in a negative way, the quantity and
technical capability of network analysis.
The NPS now available on the market offers plenty of analytical and calculation functions that often exceed the quality
and range of technical network data grid operators typically
maintain. VSE Groups minimum requirements for NPS comprised the calculation of symmetrical load ows, symmetrical
three-phase, and unsymmetrical single-phase and two-phase
short-circuit currents.
Other voltage-related analytical functions included rationalizing the feeder measurements (PQ values), determination
of the capacitive currents in the 22-kV network, contingency
analysis in the 110-kV system and determination of low-voltage
(LV) fuse ratings. The duration of large network model calculators of up to 100,000 nodes should be minimal (completed
within a minute). However, these performance functions were
not the main driver of this project, as they were already specied by the NPS.
The resulting technical specication focused mainly on
data conversion and the consequential software processing.
The data had to be convertible from any voltage level so users could analyze the high-voltage (HV) system and domestic
load conditions. The large geographical HV/medium-voltage
(MV) network models had to be capable of representing the
grid, which has an area of 16,200 sq km (6,255 sq miles). Thus,
it was essential for the NPS to have simple graphical representation of the results on the network diagram. This would
enable users to distinguish individual feeder/substation-based
supply areas or devices with some of the parameters beyond
the area being studied.
Editing, exporting and printing functions completed the
VSE Groups requirements package, which was used as a basis
HIGHReliability
for the contract tendering process.
The source network database from
the GIS had to be able to store three
independent geographical grid models for the HV, MV and LV grids. The
parameters for each of the grid models
were specied as follows:
High-voltage grid. The HV model
would represent specically the 110-kV
grid in the complete supply area of VSD.
The (external) transmission system operators 400-kV grid would be represented by the in-feeds connected to a 400-kV
bus bar. The subsequent transformers Graphical representation of the distribution system voltage levels.
400/110-kV and 110-kV overhead lines
would be represented by electric parameters while bus bars 400-kV and 110-kV grid would be connected to a 110-kV bus
and switching components would be converted from the GIS bar. Unlike in the HV grid, the 110/22-kV transformers would
without any simplication. The end stations 110/22-kV trans- be modeled by the transformers electrical parameters. The
formers would be represented as a load. The HV grid would downstream 22-kV lines and 22/0.4-kV transformers would be
be designed to operate as a meshed connected network; there- modeled by standard parameters. Unlike in the 400-kV grid,
fore, the contingency analysis would be used to identify bottle- the end stations would be modeled completely, including the
necks in the grid.
22/0.4-kV transformers, with loads to represent the outgoing 0.4-kV feeders. It should be possible to nd the optimum
Medium-voltage grid. The MV model would represent one
of the eight subregions of the supply area, so, in practice, transformer tap position and analyze the impact of the tap
eight different MV models would be required. In-feeder mod- positions on the 110/22-kV and 22/0.4-kV transformers in a
els representing the short-circuit conditions in the upstream complex 22-kV model. The load trim function is important for
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highReliability
fuse ratings that protect the equipment and
satisfy the 5-second disconnection limit required under fault conditions.
All three models (110 kV, 22 kV and
0.4 kV) would need the option to be virtually interconnected to allow for an analysis
of mutual impacts between voltage levels in
the most precise way.
Network Planning Software Selection

At the end of 2009, the VSE Group circulated a tender for the future supplier. A
multi-criteria assessment was used to select
the nal supplier. VSE Group made the decision based on the total cost of ownership,
including ve years of maintenance, and the
evaluation of technical requirements. Total
cost and compliance with the technical specication were each assigned a 50% share.
In 2010, the rst part of the contract, the
Project-related screen shot of medium-voltage grid in PSS using the spectrum of colors
business blueprint of the project, was elaborepresents the loading areas: red represents a heavily loaded area and green represents an
rated in cooperation with all the interested
area with a lighter load.
vendors and approved. In 2011, the second
this submodel to scale down the loads to real conditions on part of the contract this included modication to the exthe system.
isting GIS system, development and supply of the conversion
tools and the NPS was considered. This process resulted in
l Low-voltage grid. The 0.4-kV model would represent a city
or village. Apart from the 22-kV in-feeds, the whole down- the award of the VSE Group contract to Siemens Power Techstream 0.4-kV grid would be converted from GIS with a ratio of nologies International (Siemens PTI) in October 2011.
1:1, respectively. The end loads would represent individual customers and only standard-type parameters would be required The Network Planning Software
to model the electrical parameters of individual elements. The
The Siemens software package, containing the network
dimensioning function would need to check the appropriate planning software PSS SINCAL version 8.5, included the related software to convert network data,
background graphics and, last but not
least, the updater of network data. User
requirements, collected from utility users around the world, are integrated
into this NPS in the form of regular updates, which benets both the software
development as well as the customer.
Two system enhancements within PSS
SINCAL were the result of the VSE
Groups recommendations.
The quality of the distribution system
model has a direct, signicant impact
on the quality of the analysis; it is even
more important than the features of the
software. Furthermore, the time spent
on creating a model is a critical factor.
The project consisted mainly of the
creation of a conversion tool representing the interface between two standardized software products. Simply, the conversion tool reads the data in the GIS
Coloring of different medium-voltage supply feeders with background vector map (to help the and translates it into the data format
language of NPS.
utility and others to identify individual feeders in the geographical representation).
32
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highReliability
Apart from the GIS, the conversion tool does not communicate with any other system, such as SCADA or SAP. During
the conversion, auxiliary information (databases) is added to
the converted GIS database. With this feature, it is possible
to enter data from the in-feeder database in addition to the
equipment and protection databases, including the MV and
LV network electrical parameters not available in the GIS.
In addition, the recorded power ow measurements database is important as it contains measurements from MV feeders (that is, the most downstream locations in the network,
where load and generation proles are systematically and con-
tinuously measured). The measured MV data is used in NPS

to scale the MV and LV loads (represented by their maximum
or installed power values) and model the real conditions in a
grid as precisely as possible.
These auxiliary databases are prepared by VSE Group administrators. This proved to be much simpler in the creation
and maintenance of the interfaces than other systems.
The conversion tool, besides mapping an auxiliary database, also creates additional information. For instance, for
HV and MV networks, the individual element names are predened within each business or technical system, but this is
not applicable for LV grids. Therefore,
the tool traces line segments during the
conversion process and assigns them
names according to the LV feeders in
the MV/LV substation.
In the solution, the conversion tool
is integrated in the GIS system, thus the
GIS is used as a middleware when accessing the source database. Therefore,
the entire data selection process for future conversions is very interactive. The
user can select any area using standard
tracing and selection tools in the GIS
and then convert it to PSS SINCAL.
With this automated conversion of
data, the user is able to create an exact distribution system model within a
short time. In the past, the modeling of
one of the VSE Groups MV subregions,
approximately one-eighth of the VSE
Groups complete system, took up to
500 hours. Today, the newly automated
conversion solution creates a more precise grid model of similar size signicantly faster, in a maximum of 3 hours.
This new solution has the potential to
reduce the time for creating a distribution system model by some 99%. It is
evident the systematic database of technical data in GIS marks an important
milestone for the improvement of data
modeling and grid analysis.
Planning Software Solution

The solution implemented at the
VSE Group has improved the quality
of network analysis signicantly. The
grid planning specialist now can spend
more time analyzing the grid instead of
manually creating and maintaining the
network model. Because it is a 1:1 conversion from GIS, the results of different calculations can be mapped easily
with other systems and linked to equipment in the real network. For example,
34
HigHReliability
System Statistics
What the Future Holds
The VSE Group, part of the European RWE Group, comprises a number
of companies, one of which is VSD, the distribution system operator in
Slovakia. Annually, the utility distributes 3,800 GWh of electrical energy to a
geographical area equivalent to one-third of eastern Slovakia, some 16,200
sq km (6,255 sq miles). The distribution system supplies more than 610,000
households through 34 110/22- kV substations and 6,000 22/0.4-kV stations.
The total length of the 110-kV, 22-kV and 0.4-kV overhead lines and underground cable networks is 21,000 km (13,049 miles).
In the future, driven by the increasing

penetration of distributed generation, particularly photovoltaic and cogeneration,
it can be envisaged that the unbalanced
power-ow calculations and dynamics available in PSS SINCAL will be used in the VSE
Groups system development studies.
The solution adopted by the VSE Group
was developed according to the technical specication through the mutual cooperation of experts from Siemens PTI,
L&Mark, ArcGEO and the VSE Group. It
was approved by successful system acceptance tests in October 2011, creating a solid
basis for grid planning support in the VSE
Group.
Acknowledgement
currently, the load ow results for MV levels are used as one

of the criteria to prioritize equipment maintenance in the utilitys internal software related to optimized maintenance.
The available load capability calculated by NPS serves the
operational grid planners in their daily work. Three-phase
maximum short-circuit currents are used for the dimensioning of lines, bus bars and transformers. Single-phase shortcircuit currents are used for the dimensioning of earthing
systems and neutral point impedances (for example, Petersen
coil or resistor).
The main driver of the project was to be able to analyze
and design the so-called HV and MV target networks. Target
network means the future design of the network optimized
from the capital and operational costs point of view. This type
of network should not contain any redundant equipment, but
it should still satisfy the N-1 reliability criteria on the HV and
MV level.
Currently, the VSE Group is in a transitional phase, using
NPS to quantify the target network design proposed by the
planning specialist according to the utilitys grid planning
guidelines. The resulting diagrams of the target network can
be exported in some vector picture formats, making it possible
to publish it using standard picture viewers for all specialists
involved in the entire network planning process and operations, without the need for them to be familiar with the functionalities of NPS.
The next step will probably be the export of data from PSS
SINCAL to a special optimization tool developed by the RWE
Group that will enable the full process of dening the target
grid to be fully automated.
The authors wish to acknowledge the

excellent services provided during the project and the support given to this article by
Dr. Thomas Bopp and Vladimir Kanas of
Siemens PTI. Similarly, Janos Drienyovszki
and Robert Vuleta, both of L&Mark, and
Marin Marcinck of ArcGEO provided invaluable contributions.
Jozef Tomcik (tomcik_jozef@vsds.sk) studied power energy
at the Technical University of Koice before joining the VSE
Group in April 2004. Since July 2007, Tomcik has been working
for the distribution operator as a specialist in grid calculations.
Furthermore, he is participating in some external working
groups, including CIREDs grid development and Eurelectrics
NE T&D Interface.
Peter Mento (mento_peter@vsds.sk) studied electrical
engineering at the Technical University of Koice and joined the
VSE Group in July 1997. Since January 2008, Mento has worked
for the distribution operator as a specialist in grid calculations.
Jaroslav Serdula (serdula_jaroslav@vse.sk) studied power
energy at the Technical University of Koice and joined the
VSE Group in July 1995. Since September 2010, Serdula has
worked as a specialist in the department for the renewal and
development of medium-voltage and low-voltage grids.
ArcGEO | www.arcgeo.sk
L&Mark | www.lmark.hu
RWE | www.rwe.com
Siemens PTI | www.siemens.com/power-technologies
VSD | www.vsds.sk
VSE | www.vse.sk
35
GRIDRegulation
FERC Order 1000

New regulations allow independent developers
to compete against traditional utilities.
By Cathy
Swirbul, Contributing Writer
ederal Energy Regulatory Commission Order 890 required transmission providers to organize into different regions and that transmission planning be built
on coordinated, open and transparent processes. It
also set the stage for FERC Order 1000, which requires grid
operators to work together on regional planning and allows
independent developers to compete with traditional utilities
in building new power lines. The order, The Final Rule on
Transmission Planning and Cost Allocations by Transmission
Owning and Operating Public Utilities, applies to new transmission facilities.

Craig Cano, a spokesperson for FERC, explained the reasons for the new order. Order 1000 will remove barriers to
the development of transmission, promoting cost-effective
planning and the fair allocation of costs for new transmission
facilities, Cano said. This enhanced transmission planning
will provide a strong foundation for updating the grid to provide reliable transmission service as well as an opportunity to
achieve goals that states and local authorities have set for lower
emissions, demand-side resources and renewable energy.
Planning Requirements
This map generally depicts the borders of regional transmission planning processes through which transmission providers have complied
with Order 890. Those borders may not be depicted precisely for several reasons (for example, not all transmission providers complying
with Order 890 have a dened service territory). Additionally, transmission planning regions could vary because transmission providers
may choose to change regions. Source: Derived from Energy Velocity.
36
Public utility transmission providers are required to participate in a regional transmission planning process that satises
Order 890s principles and produces a regional transmission
plan.
Additionally, local and regional transmission planning
processes must consider transmission needs driven by public
policy requirements, established by state or federal laws or
regulations. Specically, transmission lines that help achieve
the goal of a public policy, such as a state renewable energy
standard, should be considered in the planning and cost allocation process.
Also, public utility transmission providers in neighboring
transmission planning regions must coordinate to determine
GRIDRegulation
Miles
6,000
if more efcient or cost-effective solutions
are available.
5,000
Each transmission planning region
must produce a regional transmission plan
4,000
reecting solutions that meet the regions
needs more efciently and cost-effectively.
3,000
Stakeholders must have an opportunity to
participate in identifying and evaluating
2,000
potential solutions to regional needs.
In terms of interregional coordina1,000
tion, neighboring transmission planning
regions must share information regarding
0
the respective needs of each region and poFRCC
MRO
NPCC
RFC
SERC
SPP
TRE
WECC
tential solutions to those needs. Each also
Sources: Data derived brom Staff Database and U.S. Electric Transmission Projects 2013 The
Three Group, LLC.
should identify and jointly evaluate interDisclaimer: This report contains analysis, presentations and conclusions that may be based on or
derived from the data source cited but do not necessarily reect the positions or recommendaregional transmission facilities that may be
tions of the data providers.
more efcient or cost-effective solutions to
those regional needs. Transmission facili- All transmission projects by region with a proposed in-service date by December 2014.
ties are considered interregional when located in neighboring transmission planning regions.
Costs allocated must be roughly commensurate with estimated benets.
Cost-Allocation Requirements
Those who do not benet from the transmission do not
Regional transmission planning processes must have a re- have to pay for it.
gional cost-allocation method for a new transmission facility
Benet-to-cost thresholds must not exclude projects with
selected in the regional transmission plan. The method must signicant net benets.
satisfy the following principles:
There will be no allocation of costs outside a region
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gridRegulation
unless the other region agrees.
l Cost-allocation methods and the identication of beneciaries must be transparent.
l Different cost-allocation methods could apply to different types of transmission facilities.
l Each region must develop its own proposed cost-allocation method. If the region is unable to decide on a method,
FERC will decide based on the record. Also, there will be no
interconnection-wide cost allocation.
Removal of Federal Right of First Refusal

Order 1000 removes any federal right of rst refusal from
FERC-approved tariffs and agreements with respect to new
transmission facilities selected in a regional transmission plan
for cost-allocation purposes. However, four limitations exist:
l This does not apply to a transmission facility that is not
selected in a regional transmission plan for purposes of cost
allocation.
l This does not apply to transmission facility upgrades.
l The rule allows, but does not require, the use of competitive bidding to solicit transmission projects or project developers.
l Nothing in this requirement affects state or local laws or
regulations regarding the construction of transmission facilities. This includes, but is not limited to, authority over siting or
permitting of transmission facilities.
In terms of a timeline, FERC issued Order 1000 on July 21,
2011, and afrmed it in May 2012 with Order 1000-A. Local
and regional compliance lings were due Oct. 11, 2012, and
interregional compliance lings will be due on April 11, 2013.
Increasing Competition
Chris Underwood, a project manager with Burns & McDonnell, noted that Order 1000
is a landmark ruling that aims to
increase competition in the electric transmission industry. The
electric transmission industry is
in the process of evaluating options, Underwood said. Each
region has its own set of unique
challenges. However, one constant
across North America is that the
landscape is changing.
Chris Underwood
Integrating Renewable Energy
Project Manager
Burns & McDonnell
In addition to increasing competition, compliance with FERC Order 1000 would spur the
development and use of more renewable energy. Traditionally,
planners have considered new transmission for two primary
reasons: to improve reliability and to potentially reduce rates
by providing more competition in the open market. The public policy aspect of FERC Order 1000 means planners must
now consider building lines to wind farms and solar arrays,
which often are not located near population centers. These
transmission lines would ensure states meet their targets for
38
renewable energy as part of the

renewable portfolio standards.
According to a statement by
FERC Chairman John Wellinghoff, The North American
Electric Reliability Corporation
(NERC) projects in its 2010 longterm reliability assessment that
approximately 60% of all new
resources expected to be added
to the bulk power system by 2019
will be new wind and solar resources.
John Wellinghoff
FERC Chairman
Regional Transmission Organizations Weigh In

On the regional side, the Southwest Power Pool Electric
Energy Network (SPP) is compliant in practice with Order
1000, said Paul Suskie, SPPs senior vice president of regulatory policy and general counsel. In fact, the day that the
FERC approved SPPs highway/
byway cost-allocation plan was the
day that the FERC issued the note
that led to Order 1000. A month
after that, the FERC approved
SPPs planning process. On the
interregional side, we dont have
interregional cost allocation, and
we arent as synced up with our
seams.
The highway/byway methodolPaul Suskie
Senior Vice President
ogy is part of SPPs ongoing effort
of Regulatory Policy
to move from a traditional planand General Counsel
Southwest Power Pool
ning approach that focuses on
local reliability issues to one that
takes a more holistic approach that meets the needs of the region as a whole. SPP states that one such regional goal is the
integration of the western and eastern portions of its grid to
enable renewable resources, predominantly in the western areas of the SPP region, to serve load centers in the east.
Suskie noted that the challenging aspect of Order 1000 is
the elimination of the right of rst refusal. There is a great
deal of uncertainty as to what is the law on the right of rst refusal in each of our states. The issue of nonincumbents building transmission in most of our footprint could lead to a lot
of litigation. There has been some talk in our region of state
legislatures addressing the matter, he said.
Nearly all of the utilities in the SPP footprint are vertically
integrated. As a result, the utility owns everything from the
power plant to the meter in the home. The challenge is that
somewhere between the meter and the power plant is a transmission line that could be owned by an entity such as a New
York City hedge fund, Suskie said. When the lights are out
and we need restoration, will that entity be there to turn the
lights on and what is their incentive to do so? The load-serving
utilities need to get the power back on to their customers.
Suskie noted that Order 1000 is generally a good ruling be-
GRIDRegulation
Order 1000 is generally a good ruling

because its intent is to get
new transmission built.
Paul Suskie, SPP
cause its intent is to get new transmission built. Our concern
is that if a nonincumbent is picked to build the transmission
line, the ensuing litigation would greatly delay the project, he
explained.
SPP has a regional state committee of regulators in our
footprint and they unanimously support SPPs filing to retain
right of first refusal for projects 300 kV and below, but to bid
out projects above 300 kV, Suskie said.
The most challenging aspect of Order 1000 for PJM is the
right of first refusal, according to Steve Herling, vice president
of planning for PJM. What we filed with FERC was a series of
proposal windows related to projects in various time frames,
Herling said. One of our guiding principles was that whatever
procedures we put in place to facilitate greater competition
could not be allowed to prevent us from implementing a solution for reliability needs in a timely fashion.
To keep projects moving forward, PJM would have a fourmonth proposal window for developers on projects that are
more than five years out. Projects that are four or five years
out would have a one-month proposal window. PJM will evaluate projects that must be completed any sooner to determine
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whether there is sufcient time to

evaluate proposals.
If that cant be done, then
well nd our best solution and
designate our incumbent to build
it, Herling said.
PJM will engage an independent contractor to evaluate the
cost of the proposals and the
ability to site the project. Herling
noted that this ruling will likely
Steve Herling
increase the number of proposVice President of Planning
PJM
als to be evaluated. Each year,
our board has approved about
450 transmission projects, Herling said. If even 10% of those
projects are of interest to developers and if we get 10 proposals for each project, that would be 450 new proposals we must
evaluate.
In terms of integrating renewable energy, California ISO
led signicant tariff amendments in 2010 with the FERC to
enable the state to meet ambitious
renewable portfolio standards
and environmental goals. Those
amendments included the public
policy requirement and the elimination of right of rst refusal,
which put the ISO in compliance
with Order 1000.
The effort to comply with the
interregional requirements will
prove more challenging, said Tom
Flynn, California ISOs infrastrucTom Flynn
ture policy development manInfrastucture Policy
ager. The order requires that we
Development Manager
California ISO
hold extensive discussions with
our neighboring transmission regions, which are the Columbia Grid, the Northern Tier Transmission Group and West Connect, Flynn said. We started
that several months ago, but to put together an interregional
proposal and tariff revisions by April 2013 will prove challenging. Here in the West, the transmission providers already did a
lot of coordination and sharing of data. This will just increase
the sharing of data. Allocating costs on interregional projects
will be a new feature, however.
Editors note: This is the second article in a series on the impact
of FERC Order 1000 on transmission construction. The rst
article was published in the October 2012 issue of T&D World.
N o r t h p o r t , A l a b a m a J e ff e r s o n , O h i o A t c h i s o n , K a n s a s B u r l i n g t o n , O n t a r i o
40
Burns & McDonnell | www.burnsmcd.com

California ISO | www.caiso.com
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission | www.ferc.gov
PJM | www.pjm.com
Southwest Power Pool | www.spp.org
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TRANSMISSIONSystem
Reinforcing Rhode Island

National Grid nears completion of a challenging
component of the New England East-West Solution
suite of transmission projects.
By David Beron, National Grid, Andrew
and Scott Ryder, Energy Initiatives Group
Alexiades, POWER Engineers,
he Rhode Island Reliability Project soon will be improving transmission system reliability for 480,000
Rhode Island electric customers. This follows placement of 25,000 cu yd (19,114 cu m) of concrete and
5 million lb (2.27 million kg) of reinforcing steel in 743 foundations, erecting 15 million lb (6.8 million kg) of tubular steel
structures, stringing 250 miles (402 km) of conductor and performing extensive improvements at multiple substations.
The Rhode Island Reliability Project is one of four major
components of the New England East-West Solution (NEEWS),
conceived by a working group with members from National
Grid, Northeast Utilities and ISO New England. NEEWS is
one of the largest power delivery projects to be undertaken in
New England in more than 30 years. The four major components of NEEWS were developed as a coordinated solution to
address multiple southern New England transmission system
constraints by creating new 345-kV ties between existing hubs
in the transmission network and upgrading numerous existing transmission line and substation facilities.
Right-of-Way
National Grids Rhode Island Reliability Project is com-
prised of 26 separate component projects. The centerpiece

is a new 21-mile (34-km), 345-kV transmission line along an
established transmission corridor from West Farnum Substation, located in North Smitheld, Rhode Island, U.S., to the
Kent County Substation, located in Warwick, Rhode Island.
To t the new 345-kV line on an already built-out 250-ft
(76-m)-wide right-of-way (ROW), extensive reconstruction
of two existing 115-kV lines was necessary. The transmission
line work has proven to be the most visible part of the Rhode
Island Reliability Project. Despite the addition of the new
345-kV circuit on the corridor, the project will result in an updated and streamlined ROW appearance, as well as improved
reliability, maintainability and accessibility of the facilities located there.
Along with the challenges posed by the tight quarters of
the existing ROW, eight load-serving substations and two generators are connected to the 115-kV lines, which had to be reconstructed, signicantly complicating the outage planning
and work sequencing for the project. Additionally, most of
the transmission line route also is occupied by a natural gas
transmission pipeline operated by Tennessee Gas Pipeline, a
subsidiary of Kinder Morgan.
Millbury
Ludlow
Greater Springeld
Reliability Project
Agawam
Interstate
Reliability Project
North
Bloomeld
Project Team
West
Farnum
Lake Road
Rhode Island
Reliability Project
Frost
Bridge
Central Connectcut
Reliability Project
Card
Kent
County
The four major components of the NEEWS projects address multiple southern New England transmission system constraints.
42
The requirements of working safely to

install reinforced concrete foundations
within 15 ft (4.6 m) of the gas pipeline, coordinating the numerous outages to allow
construction of the relocated and new facilities, and dealing with rough terrain and difcult ground conditions all presented signicant project challenges. To meet these
challenges National Grid assembled a highly qualied and experienced project team
comprised of internal staff and consultants.
National Grid assumed a lead role for
project management, project licensing
and permitting, and stakeholder relations.
POWER Engineers served as National
Grids owners engineer, performing detailed engineering and providing support
TRANSMISSIONSystem
In this right-of-way cross-section of the Rhode Island Reliability Project, the dashed structures denote pre-existing lines that were recongured.
in the areas of material and equipment procurement, construction inspection, commissioning and document management. POWER Engineers was selected as the owners engineer
based on its staff qualications, competitive rates, resource
availability and collaborative client approach. Other key team
members included Vanasse Hangen Brustlin Inc. for permitting and environmental compliance support, Energy Initiatives Group for outage planning and project management
support, and New Energy Alliance (a joint venture of Balfour
Beatty and MJ Electric) for construction.
The integrated team assembled for the Rhode Island Reliability Project was able to identify, manage and mitigate potential risks to the complex project, whether arising from the loss
of planned outages, challenging ground conditions impacting
foundation designs, or the need for special construction practices and controls to provide for the safe drilling of foundations adjacent to the natural gas pipeline.
From the outset of NEEWS, it was realized in-house resources would be spread too thin to execute a project of this
scope and magnitude, especially with all of the other system
improvements planned and in progress at National Grid. A
project delivery model was developed that would preserve
National Grids ability to provide high-level management and
oversight from talented subject-matter experts while leveraging the deep bench of engineering and project delivery expertise of an organization like POWER Engineers.
The Rhode Island Reliability Project required a sharp focus on safety from both the engineering and construction perspectives, strong commitment to environmental stewardship
and compliance, and an overarching objective to manage this
signicant construction in a manner that would preserve the
reliability of the network and service to customers.
Safety, Safety, Safety

With up to 19 foundation drill rigs operating along the
project ROW at any point in time, National Grid recognized
it would be necessary to put strong controls in place to ensure
that foundation construction would be performed in a safe
and secure manner. These controls were especially critical due
to the presence of the natural gas pipeline and the nearby energized transmission lines.
National Grid and Kinder Morgan developed a cooperative
work plan that provided specic requirements and procedures
necessary for safely performing work adjacent to the natural
gas pipeline. Every worker on the project received initial gas
pipeline safety training and ongoing refresher training by
Kinder Morgan. To date, more than 1,000 training sessions
have been conducted.
At the outset of the project, the location of the pipeline was
clearly marked and delineated in the eld for its entire length
along the project ROW. Additionally, a series of improved
equipment-crossings were installed along the pipeline. At
these locations, the pipeline was excavated and backlled with
owable concrete to facilitate the safe passage of construction
equipment across the pipeline. These crossing locations also
were clearly marked in the eld, delineated on the project
plans and monitored by Kinder Morgan inspectors.
The project team also developed a Permit to Drill process
that involved a series of checks, conrmations and sign-offs
from all parties before drilling at any location was allowed to
commence. National Grid performed a Process Hazard Analysis to examine any work activity or situation that could possibly
introduce a safety risk into the construction process, and then
developed appropriate mitigation measures to address and
eliminate those exposures.
43
TRANSMISSIONSystem
natural gas pipeline and the energized transmission circuits.
Station Upgrades
A crew drills a foundation along on a congested right-of-way.
Other elements of the safety approach implemented by

National Grid for the Rhode Island Reliability Project included the publication of a project-specic safety handbook and
the use of real-time vibration monitoring for any foundation
drilling that was proximate to the pipeline. The end result was
a rigorous program of tools, training, controls and monitoring
to ensure safe transmission line construction adjacent to the
The Rhode Island Reliability Project required signicant upgrades to several substations in Warwick, including the Kent County
Substation located at the southern terminus
of the new 345-kV transmission line. Work at
the Kent County Substation included a yard
expansion and the installation of two new
345/115-kV autotransformers. The project
also included the construction of two new
345-kV breaker-and-a-half bays, two new 115kV breaker-and-a-half bays, two new 115-kV
capacitor banks and a new 345/115-kV control building to house new protection and
control equipment for the entire 345/115-kV
station. The protection and control upgrades
included the installation of two independent and redundant
protection systems for each network element. In addition, two
existing 115-kV bays and bus work were rebuilt and upgraded.
Substantial upgrades and additions also were made at
National Grids 345-kV West Farnum Substation in North
Smitheld, Rhode Island. Much of the existing 345-kV equipment was upgraded to address the increased fault duty re-
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TRANSMISSIONSystem
lated, ve-position ring bus was replaced by a
gas-insulated, eight-position four-bay breakerand-a-half conguration, which was all accomplished within the existing footprint while
keeping the existing station fully operational.
Two new buildings were also constructed at
the site one to house the GIS equipment
and the other to house the protection and
control equipment.
Communication capability between substations is also being upgraded as part of the
Rhode Island Reliability Project, with the installation of optical ground wires on the new
345-kV transmission line and several existing
115-kV transmission lines.
Nearing Completion
A view inside the West Farnum Substation GIS building.
quirements and existing thermal limitations, while the additions were made to accommodate the three new 345-kV
transmission lines, the centerpieces of the NEEWS project.
Because the existing substation site is constrained by property limitations and surrounding wetlands, expansion of the
substation footprint was not feasible. As a result, National Grid
employed gas-insulated substation (GIS) technology to make
the most of the existing space. The existing 345-kV air-insu-
46
Each of the 115-kV transmission lines being reconstructed as part of the Rhode Island
Reliability Project is tapped into eight load-serving substations. As such, careful planning and a phased construction
approach were required to reconstruct the main lines and
modify the tap lines while maintaining dual supply to the substations to the fullest extent possible for reliability purposes.
National Grids outage coordinators and project team looked
at the collection of all 26 component projects and produced
an integrated and coordinated outage plan that took advan-
transmissionSystem
A lineman performs tap modications at a 115-kV substation.
acted as part of a unied and integrated project team with shared objectives, rather than
as individual companies with separate goals.
This way, the sum is truly greater than the
parts, which, ultimately, will benet National
Grids customers.
Engineering and planning continue for
the forthcoming Interstate Reliability Project portion of NEEWS, and the project team
is poised to continue this collaborative approach, capitalizing on past accomplishments
and lessons learned to further enable the programs success on behalf of National Grids
customers. The Interstate Reliability Project
is moving steadily through the licensing and
permitting processes in the states of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut, and
construction of this next phase of NEEWS is
anticipated to begin in early 2014.
David Beron (david.beron@nationalgrid.com) is National Grids
principal project manager for the New England East-West
Solution collection of work. Beron has 25 years of experience in
the engineering and management of large-scale transmission
infrastructure projects. He is a registered professional
engineer in Rhode Island and a certied project management
professional.
Rhode Island Reliability Project during 345-kV line conductor stringing.
tage of project synergies and overlapping requirements between work sites.

The Rhode Island Reliability Project began construction
in late 2010 and is now nearing completion, with the final
elements scheduled to be placed into service in April 2013.
The transmission line ROW has taken the form envisioned by
the project team in the early planning stages of the massive
project.
With the completion of the Rhode Island Reliability Project
fast approaching, the success of NEEWS to date is a testament
to the teamwork and problem-solving approach adopted by
National Grid, POWER Engineers and the other consultants
on the NEEWS team. All of the companies have worked side by
side to implement and execute a program strategy founded on
effective planning and efficient designs to allow for the timely
and safe construction of the new overhead transmission line
and substation facilities.
Collaboration Works
The NEEWS Rhode Island Reliability Project is what a truly
collaborative working relationship is like. Each company has
48
Andrew Alexiades (andrew.alexiades@powereng.com) is a

program manager with POWER Engineers for the New England
East-West Solution portfolio of projects. Andrew earned a BEEE
degree from Stevens Institute of Technology in New Jersey,
U.S. A member of IEEE and Project Management Institute,
he has served in numerous project management roles within
the energy industry for more than 35 years, including areas of
power generation and power delivery both domestically and
internationally.
Scott Ryder (scottr@eig-llc.com) is a registered professional
engineer with more than 40 years experience in the electric
power transmission business. He began his career with National
Grid and now serves as a consulting engineer with Energy
Initiatives Group specializing in transmission line project
management.
Balfour Beatty | www.balfourbeatty.com
Energy Initiatives Group | www.eig-llc.com
ISO New England | www.iso-ne.com
Kinder Morgan | www.kindermorgan.com
MJ Electric | www.mjelectric.com
National Grid | www.nationalgridus.com
Northeast Utilities | www.nu.com
POWER Engineers | www.powereng.com
Vanasse Hangen Brustlin | www.vhb.com
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FAULTLoca
ati
tion
tion
on
Real time waveform analytics identify

Real-time
looming failures, bringing us into the realm
of distribution fault anticipation technology.
By Ken
Sanford, Arizona Public Service Co., and John S. Bowers, Pickwick Electric Cooperative
thousand customers just lost power because a bushing failed out on a feeder. Did it just happen or were
there early warning signs? Could the failure have
been predicted in advance or, better yet, prevented? Pickwick Electric Cooperative (PEC) and Arizona Public
Service (APS) have been working with a new technology that
enables them, for the first time, to avoid faults by detecting
incipient problems and responding proactively.
The new technology, known as distribution fault anticipation (DFA) technology, works by measuring high-fidelity current transformer (CT) and potential transformer (PT) waveforms, typically at the substation, and applying sophisticated
analytics to those waveforms. It detects failures, incipient failures and other misoperations out on the feeder, thus providing situational intelligence and enabling feeder-level condition-based maintenance. It does so without complicated setup
and without requiring communication with downstream line
devices.
Waveform-based analytics represent a new paradigm in distribution system operations and health monitoring. Utilities
historically have had little situational intelligence regarding
the health of their distribution systems. Modern smart com-
ponents such as advanced metering infrastructure and distribution automation systems may provide feeder loading levels
or let the utility determine whether particular customers have
service, but they do little, if anything, to detect feeder anomalies or assess line health.
Coordination Mystery
Amps
A breaker locked out an APS feeder for a fault past a recloser that should have sectionalized the faulted segment without breaker involvement. APS notes such improper operations
and performs root-cause investigations. Investigations require
multiple sources of information and labor-intensive analysis.
This includes downloading records from field and substation
devices, manual analysis and correlation of those records,
review of coordination settings, operational testing of the recloser and the breaker/relay, and possibly other steps. Some
investigations identify the root cause but others conclude with
no cause identified.
In the subject case, online DFA waveform analytics saved
substantial manpower by automatically identifying the root
cause within minutes of the event. The cause was diagnosed as
conductor slap, a phenomenon that occurs when fault current
induces magnetic forces in upstream
conductors, causing them to slap togeth2011/10/06 07:19:21
er. This creates a second fault upstream
12,000
Breaker
trip
of the first and necessitates operation
10,000
F-(28.0c, 2344A, AB)-1.1sPossible
conductor
slap
AB
of upstream protection, in this case the
8,000
F-(40.5c, 2861A, AB)-T-5.2s-C-16cF-(41.0c,
2780A,
AB)-T
breaker.
6,000
After learning the root cause, APS
4,000
used
analytics-derived parameters to lo2,000
cate
the
offending span, where it found
0
conductors
with bright spots and pitting
-2,000
consistent
with
recent arcing. A tradi-4,000
tional
investigation
would have focused
-6,000
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
on identifying a defect in the protecTime (seconds)
tion system when, in fact, the root cause
IA
IB
IC
IN
had nothing to do with the protection
Waveforms during APS feeder breaker lockout, with inset showing the automatically gener- system, but rather a problem with the
ated diagnosis provided by online waveform analytics.
physical span characteristics. APS does
50
March 2013
3 | www.tdworld.com
FAULTLocation
Substation
Subject feeder
(125 circuit miles of O/H line)
Analytics-directed
search area
on a feeder-wide basis. Slap-induced

arcing causes progressive conductor
damage, which, in extreme cases,
results in broken conductors. Each
slap episode also can throw off particles that might start a re. Knowing
a spans susceptibility to slap enables
the utility to take corrective action to
avoid future events.
Watching Reclosers
Many utilities, including PEC and
APS, have supervisory control and
data acquisition (SCADA) systems
that tell them when their substation-based feeder breakers operate.
Downstream of the breaker, however,
sectionalizing reclosers operate autonomously, often without the utility
On this long feeder with a recurring fault, DFA analytics detected an otherwise-unknown problem and allowed the search to be directed to within four pole spans, where PEC found a service being aware of individual operations.
transformer with a hole in its lid. Each green rectangular symbol is a recloser.
PEC and APS both have long rural
feeders
with
10,
20
or
even
more reclosers. Many are hydraulic
not believe that, in the subject case, a conventional investigaor, even if electronic, do not have communications installed.
tion would have identied the true root cause.
From the substation, DFA analytics detect and report reField research has documented that fault-induced conductor slap does not occur at random locations, but rather it recloser operations in great detail. Knowing details of a meacurs over time in spans whose construction is susceptible to sured recloser operating sequence and the estimated load
the phenomenon. This makes it important to diagnose con- beyond the recloser often enables a utility to determine which
ductor-slap incidents correctly. Each incident causes one or recloser has operated, even on a feeder with many reclosers.
It is obvious this provides the ability to know when unsupermore unnecessary interruptions and a possible outage, often
How Distribution Fault Anticipation Works

The distribution fault anticipation (DFA) systems building blocks are 19-inch rack-mount DFA devices, mounted in substations on a per-feeder basis. A feeders DFA device performs high-delity digitization of electrical waveforms from that feeders
current transformers and potential transformers. It records even minor anomalies and uses sophisticated analytics to determine
the underlying failures or other feeder events.
Conguring a DFA deInputs: Substation CT and PT waveforms Waveforms Analytics
Outputs
vice does not require special
Line
recloser*
programming or entering of
tripped 8% of phase-A
feeder maps, protection setload twice, but
On-line signal
reclosed and did not
tings, feeder connectivity or
procesing and
cause outage.
pattern
recognition
device placements. Neither is it
analytics
Failing hot-line clamp
necessary to communicate with
on phase B*
line devices. Analytics detect the
Failed 1200-kVAR line
presence of line devices, such
capacitor*
(Performed
by
as switched capacitor banks and
(Phase B inoperable)
device in
reclosers, including hydraulics,
substation)
Breaker lockout caused
by analyzing the waveform signaby fault-induced
conductor slap
tures those devices produce as
they operate.
*Analytics process high-delity substation waveforms, to report
Within each feeders DFA dehydrolic reclosers, switched line capacitors, apparatus failures,
etc, without requiring communications to those devices.
vice, analytics generate reports
that are communicated, through
the Internet, back to a central server computer. The central server provides web-based access to reports from DFA devices
across the system. Device-to-server communication can use digital subscriber line, cell modem, cable modem or radio.
51
faultLocation
observed what appeared to be failure of a recloser to lock out,
but a 5-minute analysis of DFA recloser reports showed the
recloser was operating correctly. The apparent discrepancy
was because 2 to 3 minutes elapsed between operations and
the recloser restarted its timing sequence.
Using substation measurements, DFA analytics provide
ongoing, real-time information on line recloser operations,
enabling the utility to validate proper operations and detect
improper operations. This complements and enhances periodic inspection and testing.
Finding Failures Without Outages

PEC and APS have detected and proactively repaired failing apparatus and other conditions that cause intermittent
faults:
l Cracked transformer bushing
l Wind-blown conductors clashing in a long (1,000-ft [305This transformer, with a hole punched in its lid, had experienced mulm]) span
tiple ashovers but was still in service, serving load, when found.
l Failing lightning arrester
vised line reclosers operate. What may be less obvious is it also
l Service transformer with a hole in its lid
provides an opportunity to assess whether a particular reclosl Tree branches bridging conductors or pushing them
er has operated correctly. Using DFA recloser reports, PEC has together.
detected improper operations, such as a recloser that was supPrior to failure, these conditions often cause intermittent
posed to lock out after four trips but instead tripped six times faults. PEC documented such an example, in which a bushing
before locking out. Conversely, in another case, a eld crew failed and put 903 customers in the dark. In PECs case, the
failing bushing gave six weeks of early warning, during which
time it ashed over on ve separate
occasions, each time causing an unWeve got the lock on
monitored recloser to momentarily interrupt 903 customers. Despite 4,515
affordable security.
customer interruptions, no customers complained until a sixth ashover
put them in the dark. This failure
occurred in the early days of DFA research, before the system worked auSterling One Shot
tonomously. More recently, PEC has
preempted similar events and is condent it would have preempted this one
if it had todays DFA analytics.
Proactive notication of these failures is providing multiple advantages:
l Sustained outages can be avoidSterling Padlock
ed, resulting in improved reliability.
l Momentary sags and interruptions can be avoided, resulting in improved power quality.
l The rst two advantages improve
customer satisfaction and reliability indices, such as SAIFI and SAIDI.
Sterling DL-2S-3
l Reducing the number of faults
reduces fault-current stress on transformers, lines, switches and other line
components.
Sterling
l Searches and repairs often can
Security Systems
A Division Of Engineering Unlimited
be carried out during normal working
(800) 515-4040 www.sterlingpadlocks.com
hours and in fair weather.
52
FAULTLocation
Recloser Reports
2012/09/05 19:40:04
2,500
Amps
Distribution fault anticipation waveF-(3.0c, 585A, BG)-T-(-, 20, 0)%-1.9s-C-2.3s2,000

form analytics examine waveform data
Single-phase reclose F-(16.5c, 588A, BG)-T-(0, 20, 0)%-2.0s-C-5.2s- 3 ops
to detect and characterize recloser op1,500
F-(17.5c, 591A, BG)-T-(0, 20, 0)%-2.0s-C
erations. For example, the graph plots
1,000
a 20-second period of current, with an
500
inset showing the analytics-calculated
operating sequence. The operating
0
sequence is interpreted as three trips
-500
(one fast and two delayed) and a single-1,000
phase recloser operation for a phase
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
B fault of 585 A to 591 A. Each trip
Time (seconds)
IA
IB
IC
IN
momentarily interrupted 20% of phase
B (only) load. Each open interval was
1.9 seconds to 2.0 seconds.
The report often provides the utilitys only notice that a recloser has operated. In addition, the utility often can determine
exactly which recloser has operated, even on a feeder with numerous reclosers, by comparing reported operating sequences to
system-model information.
Searches can be made while customers lights are on, instead of during an outage.
Working in daytime, fair-weather conditions results in
greater efciency and improved worker safety as compared to
working in the dark or during inclement weather.
DFA analytics have enabled PEC and APS to detect and
locate multiple such conditions and make preemptive repairs.

One example is a long PEC feeder on which DFA analytics
reported an impending failure. PEC used fault parameters,
provided by DFA analytics at the substation, to direct the
search to a small area of the feeder.
Searching that small area, a crew found a service transform-
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53
faultLocation
er with a hole punched through its lid. The crew then replaced
the transformer, during daytime hours on a fair-weather day,
thus avoiding further interruptions, sags, outages, system
stresses or other trouble (such as the remote possibility of an
exploding transformer).
This is not an isolated example. PEC and APS have used
DFA waveform analytics to detect multiple such conditions
and make preemptive repairs.
Difcult Diagnoses
Crews responding to lights-out or ickering-lights calls
often receive only vague descriptions of symptoms, supplied
by customers. Moreover, some problems are intermittent and
may not be manifesting themselves when the crew arrives on
the scene. The gure above illustrates a sequence of events
that required four crew trips and equipment replacements, all
ultimately determined to have had a single hard-to-diagnose
clamp failure as their root cause.
DFA waveform analytics had been alarming this clamp
failure, intermittently, for three weeks. But, because the DFA
project had experimental status, responding crews were unaware of these alarms. As a result, this single clamp failure cost
PEC four customer calls, four crew trips (all on overtime) and
the change-out of two customer transformers that later tested
good. Giving responders analytics-generated diagnoses will
reduce incorrect diagnoses, no-cause-found events, customer
54
Lights out. Crew trip 4.

Replaced XFMR 2.
Flickering lights. Crew trip 3.
Replaced clamp.
Flickering lights. Crew trip 2.
Replaced XFMR 1.
Lights out. Crew trip 1. Blown fuse.
No cause found.
Time
DFA failing-clamp alarms (2,333 episodes over 21-day period)

Timeline of customer complaints, crew trips and DFA diagnostic
alarms identifying cause of trouble.
complaints, return trips and change-outs of healthy apparatus, such as the two transformers in this case.
Light in the Dark

Figuratively speaking, distribution systems largely operate
in the dark, with utilities having little visibility into failures, incipient failures and other feeder misoperations. PEC and APS
have been working with the new DFA technology to provide
newfound situational intelligence, enabling better operational
efciency, and improved reliability and quality of service. It
does so with substation-based monitoring, without complicated setup and without requiring sensing, electronics and
communications along the feeder. PEC and APS have used
faultLocation
Dfa Background
Distribution fault anticipation technology was founded on research led by
Carl L. Benner (carl.benner@tamu.edu) and Dr. B. Don Russell (bdrussell@tamu.
edu) at Texas A&M University, and largely supported by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). More than 10 EPRI-member utilities participated in early
research to identify and correlate waveform ngerprints with specic feeder
phenomena. The technology has evolved and now uses online 24/7 waveform
analytics to recognize faults, incipient failures and other feeder events. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), through EPRI, has been a supporter of these efforts
since 2001 and works with Pickwick Electric Cooperative, one of more than 150
TVA distributors, as a host site. Arizona Public Service became involved with
DFA on its system in 2011.
Texas A&M maintains a website (https://dfaweb.tamu.edu/DfaReports/
DfaSuccess.aspx) that details other examples, illustrating how analytics can
improve knowledge of and response to multiple feeder problems, including
vegetation faults, capacitor failures and secondary cable failures among others.
this technology to avoid multiple faults on their systems and

to efciently diagnose problems that otherwise would have
taken substantially more effort and likely would not have been
resolved at all.
Ken Sanford (charles.sanford@aps.com) is senior engineer at
Arizona Public Service Co. (APS). He works in construction and
operations for the southeast division covering three counties.
He also is working on the smart grid technologies team with the innovation/technology solutions department at APS. Sanford
graduated from Arizona State University in
1986 with a bachelors degree in construction engineering.
John S. Bowers (jbowers@pickwick-electric.com) is the vice president of operations
at Pickwick Electric Cooperative in Selmer,
Tennessee, U.S. He is a 1991 graduate of
Tennessee Technological University and
holds a BSEE degree. Bowers also is a
registered professional engineer in Tennessee. He has been actively involved with the
distribution fault anticipation technology
since 2002.
Arizona Public Service | www.aps.com
Electric Power Research Institute | www.epri.com
Pickwick Electric Co. | www.pickwick-electric.com
Texas A&M | www.tamu.edu
Tennessee Valley Authority | www.tva.gov
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VEGETATIONManagement
GIS Enhances
Hazard Tree Control
Mid-South Synergy uses a GIS-based spatial
analysis plan to control and schedule
vegetation management activities.
By Comfort
Manyame, Mid-South Synergy Electric Coop
id-South Synergy Electric Cooperatives mostly

rural 1,635-sq mile (4,235-sq km) service territory spans six Texas counties: Brazos, Grimes,
Madison, Montgomery, Madison, Waller and
Walker. Being a rural electric cooperative brings many challenges with respect to vegetation management and vegetationrelated outages. Most of Mid-South Synergys outages in any
given year are lightning and vegetation related. While lightning is hard to predict and impossible to prevent, the growth
of vegetation can be controlled and its contact with distribution assets can be minimized. The majority of Mid-South Synergys vegetation-related outages are because of trees growing
outside the utilitys 20-ft (6-m) right-of-way (ROW).
Studies have consistently shown only up to 15% of treerelated outages are caused by ROW growth. Hazard trees or
trees located outside the ROW are the majority of the problem. When one considers the Sam Houston National Forest as
an example, where the predominantly pine trees are at least
100 ft (31 m) tall, no amount of conventional clearing within
the ROW can prevent damage resulting from trees falling on
power lines outside the ROW. It just takes the right weather
conditions (high winds or heavy rain) or tree mortality to create an event.
The Lay of the Land

In a year like 2011, in which Texas experienced not only a
severe drought but rampant forest res, tree mortality was at
a seldom-seen peak. Dead trees near lines must be removed
immediately. This is mainly because decay organisms attack

them, weakening their stems, resulting in large limbs and the
top breaking off the crown followed by the collapse of the
whole tree. Mid-South Synergy is aware of the risk attributed
to dead trees in its territory, and this prompted the coop to
revisit its vegetation management plan to include a comprehensive plan for cutting down dead trees.
The single most important factor affecting tree growth
is soil moisture. According to the State Soil Geographic
(STATSGO) database, Mid-South Synergy has 21 soil types in
its territory, and each soil type has unique properties. For example, soils differ in their ability to store moisture or retain
water. This is referred to as the soils available water capacity
(AWC) and is linked to variable tree growth and mortality. Soil
data, specically the AWC, is a good predictor of high-risk areas where the effects of long periods of drought will be rst experienced. In addition to soil variability, there also is a 7-inch
(178-mm) west-to-east gradient in annual rainfall across the
service territory. Vegetation cover types also are variable, with
pine hardwoods dominating most of the territory.
Current Hazard Tree Removal

The typical hazard tree removal sequence starts with a customer call. This prompts the creation of a service order for
tree crews. Alternately, the ROW crews identify and cut down
hazard trees as they work their regular shifts. Finally, when
service crews responding to an outage call identify a hazard
tree, they cut or trim the tree depending on the situation.
Key Soil Names, IDs and Characteristics

Mapping unit name
Depcor-Fetzer-Boy
MUID
AWC
Clay
(%)
Organic matter
(%)
Permeability
inch/hr (mm/hr)
Dead tree
outages
Dead trees
cut
Model
weight
TX140
0.12
25.90
0.50
3.97 (100.84)
66
944
1.00
Falba-Arol-Burlewash
TX179
0.09
35.40
0.60
1.22 (30.99)
28
416
2.00
Gomery-Shiro-Elmina
TX205
0.09
23.90
0.40
4.14 (105.16)
244
3.00
Frelsburg-Latium-Crockett
TX188
0.15
44.70
2.20
0.44 (11.18)
27
239
3.00
Conroe-Kirbyville-Pinetucky
TX109
0.12
27.90
0.30
1.84 (46.74)
21
177
3.00
Zack-Zulch-Boonville
TX626
0.14
33.50
0.90
0.32 (8.13)
16
19
4.00
Soil mapping unit inuence on dead tree-related outages.
58
VEGETATIONManagement
80
dead trees well before a customer

calls or, even better, before an out60
age occurs.
50
Pines constituted the highest
40
number (75%) of cut dead trees in
30
2011, followed by oaks, while the
20
remainder consisted of sweet gum,
10
elms and others. The pine domi0
nance in the coops data could simOther
Pine
Post oak
Post oak
Water Young forest/
Lake
Lake
hardwood woods... woods/forest oak-elm... grasslands
Conroe Livingston
ply be explained by their being the
Vegetation type
dominant vegetation cover type in
the utilitys territory. However, pines
Vegetation-type interaction with dead tree-related outages.
are also known to be less drought
tolerant
except
for
the
Japanese
black pine species comAll dead tree data received from these sources are submitted
to the geographic information system (GIS) department once pared to most of the oak species.
Based on the STATSGO data, most of the dead trees were
the work is completed. The vegetation management geodatabase is then updated using Clearion software. Each dead tree cut in the soil mapping unit ID (MUID) TX140 followed by
record in the GIS is attributed with the tree species and tree TX179. These mapping units Depcor-Fetzer-Boy and Frelsburg-Latium-Crockett, respectively are characterized by
condition (dead or green).
high permeability, high drainage, low organic matter content
and low clay content, characteristics that, combined, lead to
GIS Modeling
Drought conditions enhance tree mortality. To better pre- low water retention or low AWC. It also was determined the
pare for this, GIS was used to analyze hazard tree removal majority of dead tree-related outages in 2011 were in the soil
data for 2011, STATSGO soil data and vegetation cover type MUID TX140 and under the pine vegetation cover type.
A eld visit to randomly sample the location of dead trees
data. A dead tree area identication model was created in GIS
to help in resource allocation for spotting and cutting down showed that soil type played a much larger role in tree mortalOutage events
70
59
vegetationManagement
giS-Weighted overlay Model
Vegetation
cover
The initial step was to convert the soil type and vegetation cover shape
Weighted
Dead tree
overlay
risk
les into raster data format to facilitate their manipulation in spatial analyst.
Soil type
Once converted to raster format, each of the soil and vegetation cover
types were assigned a grid value and used in the analyses that followed.
The resultant raster output, while informative, still needs to be subjected to scrutiny by applying some ground truth. Maps
showing the vegetation cover types, soil mapping units, dead trees and dead tree-related outages were produced.
Being able to show the spatial distribution of soil types and vegetation cover types across Mid-South Synergy Cooperatives
service territory helps to highlight the need for site-specic vegetation management. Pines are the dominant vegetation cover
type in Mid-South Synergys territory, which may help to explain why 75% of dead trees cut in 2011 were pines.
The chain saw is one of the principal vegetation management tools.
ity as expected (soil moisture is the single most factor affecting

tree condition). In the GIS model formulation, a weight of 0.9
was applied to soil type and 0.1 was applied to vegetation cover
type. This resulted in a model skewed toward soil type.
Weighted Overlay Analysis

The following steps were followed in coming up with the
GIS model for dead tree risk areas:
l A numerical evaluation scale of 1 to 4 was chosen, where
1 is the highest risk and 4 is the lowest risk.
l The cell values for the soil type layer and vegetation cover
type layer were assigned values from the evaluation. Soil layer
TX140 was assigned a value of 1; TX179 a value of 2; TX188,
TX205 and TX109 a value of 3; and all others a value of 4. The
weight for each soil type was based mainly on the number of
dead trees cut in that unit. For the vegetation cover type layer,
pine hardwood was given a value of 1; other a mosaic of
many types a value of 2; post oak woods, forest and grassland mosaic a value of 3; and all others a value of 4.
l The soil type was given a 90% inuence weight and the
vegetation cover type was given a 10% inuence weight. Each
of the two inputs was multiplied by the weight.
l The resulting cell values were added together to produce
the risk allocation for dead trees in the Mid-South Synergy
service territory.
Most of the dead tree-related outages were prevalent in
the soil mapping unit TX140 followed by TX179, TX188 and
TX109. TX626 also was seen with a few more outages compared to the remainder of the soil units.
Most of the dead tree outages were reported in the pine
hardwood vegetation type. The vegetation type of other
could not really be classied as just one dominant vegetation
type. The purple is the post oak woods, forest and grasslands
mosaic.
GIS Model Results

All grid cells with a value of 1 were labeled as the highest risk areas or the most susceptible to dead trees, while areas with a grid cell value of 4 are the least susceptible. The
weighted overlay output grid was reclassied from its original
ve classes to just two classes depicting high- and medium-risk
areas.
The next step involved converting the resultant output
grid to a shape le, so a spatial join with primary conductors
could be carried out. The spatial join allowed for the assignment of susceptibility values to primary conductors based on
the polygon in which they fell. Based on the spatial join, it was
possible to determine, at the feeder level, the length under
each of the two classes. The classes were ranked by percent for
each feeder, so if the majority of a feeder had a grid value of
1, then the feeder would be classied as very high risk and so
forth. This enabled a grouping of feeders based on dead tree
risk. This was done in Microsoft Excel using pivot tables. A
vegetationManagement
Analysis of vegetation cover type combined with soil type.
Primary conductor susceptibility to dead trees.
table was created listing feeders and their dead tree risk, and
this was given to the operations department for deployment
of crews to the areas needing the most immediate attention.
The 50 feeders (circuits) were each given a value for dead
tree intensity. With this new information, the work ow for
taking care of hazard trees was modied, enabling the coop
to not just rely on customer calls (reactionary) but be more
proactive.
In the new work ow, the GIS department allocates work
packets for taking down dead trees based on the feeder susceptibility. This has resulted in intensifying dead tree work
more than threefold, thus avoiding many potential outages.
For example, close to 3,000 trees were cut during all of 2011,
whereas in the rst half of 2012, about 15,000 dead trees were
removed from the system. Without GIS, the coop would still be
relying on customer calls and random scouting to know where
hazard trees are located.
to expose. A few spatial analyses were run to come up with the

hazard tree management plan that has since been implemented. With this new process, work assignments are much more
efcient and the hazard tree program has already managed to
remove trees from the system that would normally result in an
outage or damage to utility infrastructure.
A Great Result
This is an example of low-hanging fruit that GIS can help
Comfort Manyame (cmanyame@midsouthsynergy.com) is the

GIS manager for Mid-South Synergy Electric Coop in Texas. He
earned his Ph.D. degree from Texas A&M University, College
Station. He also is the technology editor for The GIS Professional, a URISA publication. His work on utility GIS, vegetation
management and lightning strike studies have been widely
published, including in ESRIs GIS Best Practices for Municipalities, Cooperatives and Rural Electric Utilities.
Clearion | www.clearion.com
Mid-South Synergy Electric | www.midsouthsynergy.com
PRODUCTS&Services
High-Impedance Fault Detection

Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc.
announces the high-impedance fault detection
in the SEL-651R Advanced Recloser Control. SELs
patented arc sense technology (AST) detects
more high-impedance faults than conventional
protection for reliable operation of distribution
systems.
A high-impedance fault occurs when a
conductor contacts a ground surface but does
not produce a large fault current. The SEL-651R
with AST detects and clears many faults that may
not be detected by conventional overcurrent
elements. AST detection algorithms also offer
enhanced security over existing technology, and
dedicated event reports provide information on
high-impedance fault activity for event analysis.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories
www.selinc.com
PEAK Transformers
The new Cooper Power Systems
PEAK transformers are designed
to provide additional capability
for managing increased loads and
temporary overload capacity without
accelerating loss of insulation system
life when compared to mineral oillled transformer alternatives.
Cooper Power Systems has two options available for PEAK transformers. Both
options use an advanced high-temperature insulation system, comprised of thermally
upgraded kraft paper, soybean oil-based Envirotemp FR3 dielectric uid, and an
optimized core and coil design:
For applications where a smaller footprint and a lighter transformer capable
of the same ratings as a physically larger 65C AWR rated unit are desired, a 75C
AWR PEAK transformer is recommended. These units will use less material and fewer
gallons of dielectric uid, resulting in a better value as well as lower related costs of
handling and operating the larger transformers.
Alternatively, when additional overload capacity is most important to
manage increased loads or peaks in demand, a 65/75C AWR PEAK transformer is
recommended. These units are designed to accommodate heavier base loading for
extended periods of time without accelerating loss of insulation system life. Utilities,
commercial and industrial customers are now able to load PEAK transformers
continuously above base kVA rating to 109% for single phase or 112% for three phase
while maintaining IEEE Standard C57.91-2011 standard per unit life requirement.
PEAK transformers are lled with the biodegradable alternative to transformer oil,
Envirotemp FR3 dielectric uid, which creates a barrier against water at the surface of
the insulation. This makes the thermal kraft paper in the coil windings stronger and
longer lasting.
Cooper Power Systems | www.cooperpower.com
Volt/VAR Optimization Technology

S&Cs new communicating capacitor controls make it easier to deploy volt/VAR
optimization solutions. IntelliCap 2000 controls provide a simple set-up process and
offer a variety of control strategies, which streamline deployment by minimizing the
need for custom programming and congurations in a volt/VAR optimization system.
IntelliCap 2000 provides high-accuracy analog inputs of 0.15% for increased accuracy
in the overall volt/VAR optimization system, along with harmonic reporting up to the
23rd harmonic. GPS for 1-ms accurate time-stamping and WiFi functionality to enable
easy and secure eld access are also available.
Volt/VAR optimization technology offers advantages that almost anyone can
appreciate, from reduced energy costs to improved power quality. The new IntelliCap
2000 controls make it even easier to deploy and manage a comprehensive volt/VAR
optimization solution by reducing system set-up time and by providing access to very
accurate data, says Chris McCarthy, director, automation systems, S&C.
S&C Electric Co. | www.sandc.com
62
Remote Sensing Software

Merrick & Co., a leader in light
detection and ranging (LiDAR), digital
orthophotography, hyperspectral
imaging, and geographic information
systems (GIS) data integration, has
released Version 7.1 of the Merrick
Advanced Remote Sensing (MARS)
software suite. The MARS software
suite provides comprehensive support
for LiDAR point cloud visualization,
data management, automated data
processing, LiDAR quality control and
geospatial data production.
The newest version of MARS provides
many software enhancements and new
features, which improve data throughput
and application usability. This release
focuses on signicant performance
improvements of Merricks automated
QC Module (which tests against the new
USGS National Geospatial Programs
LiDAR Base Specication Version 1.0) and
batch export module. Furthermore, this
release provides support for Version 1.4
of the ASPRS LAS specication.
Merrick & Co. | www.merrick.com
DCIM Solution
Emerson Network Power is combining
the capabilities of its Trellis platform
with IBM IT service management (ITSM)
software to signicantly optimize the
management of data center resources.
This integrated data center infrastructure
management (DCIM) solution will deliver
increased energy and operational
efciency, and improved IT service
delivery.
DCIM is an essential component
for businesses that have high quality
of service demands for information
technologies and need to scale quickly.
An estimated US$450 million market
today, DCIM is expected to grow to
$1.7 billion by 2016, according to industry
analyst rm Gartner.
Integrating IBM software with
Emersons Trellis platform will provide
real-time visibility from IT applications,
through infrastructure components and
all the way to the power grid, enabling
holistic management of the data center
ecosystem. This information can be used
to improve energy efciency and space
and capacity utilization, enable rapid
problem management and resource
provisioning, and improve operational
efciency, all of which reduce the risk
of downtime and enhance the delivery
of IT services.
The combined capabilities of
Emersons Trellis platform and IBM
software also will enable data center
managers to understand the true costs of
running an application with metrics like
watts per workload, calculate its resource
demands in real time, and dynamically
provision physical and logical resources
to support the application efciently and
cost-effectively.
Emerson Network Power
www.emersonnetworkpower.com
PRODUCTS&Services
C-Head Cutter Series
Cable Fault Locator Video

Hipotronics Inc. has released its rst product
demonstration video featuring the new X-Wave Primary
Cable Fault Locator. It is now available on the companys
website and YouTube channel.
The X-Wave demo video will be the rst of many videos
to come from Hipotronics in the future. The company plans
to continue producing informative video tutorials that give
an inside look at some of their newest equipment. Each
video is intended to explain and demonstrate how to use
featured products while promoting safety and ease-of-use
throughout. Over time, video content will expand to cover
product demos as well as topics like best practices and maintenance.
Hipotronics Inc. | www.hipotronics.com
BURNDY expands its product offering

with the PATHCC10 and RHCC10 C-Head
cutter series.
The unique C-Head tool allows users
to simply scoop and cut without the
need to open and close a latch, making
cutting easier in a variety of applications.
The PATHCC10 and RHCC10 series of
cutters are available with four individually
designed blades, enabling users to
optimize the cutting of the intended
cable type with ease and effectiveness. A
variety of options are offered, including
ordering the tools with all blades or
specic blades only.
The PATHCC10 is a self-contained
battery-operated cutting tool (18-V NiMH), and the RHCC10 is a remote poweroperated hydraulic cutter (10,000 psi).
Both platforms also have covered head
versions available.
The PATHCC10 and RHCC10 cutting
tools have blade alignment technology,
ensuring a clean cut and maximum blade
life. The interchangeable blade can be
customized to suit specic cutting needs.
BURNDY | www.burndy.com
arkline
Small Metal Buildings
Distribution Relay Portfolio

ABBs Relion 620 series of protection
relays is now available for North America
and for all ANSI markets. The 620 series is
part of the larger Relion product family of
transmission and distribution protection
and control intelligent electronic devices.
The ANSI Relion 620 series of
distribution protection relays the
REF620, REM620 and RET620 are
designed to t mid- to high-end
distribution applications, including
one, one-and-a-half, and two breaker
schemes. The three products in the
620 series are designed for protection
and control of feeders, motors and
transformers.
These new protection relays
feature the traditional Relion ease of
use with one programming tool and
three standard open protocols, as well
as customizable screens, cable fault
detection, the highest number of userprogrammable push buttons and digital
inputs and outputs, and safety features
such as delayed close breaker operation
and arc-ash detection.
ABB | www.abb.com
Our unique self-framing metal

building system is attractive,
durable and maintenance free.
The worlds largest electrical
companies trust us to protect their
most valuable equipment. Let us
protect yours, too.
63
Products&Services
AMI Communications System

Aclara Technologies LLC, a provider of intelligent infrastructure solutions and a
member of the utility solutions group of ESCO Technologies Inc., announces enhanced
TWACS (eTWACS). Aclaras TWACS power-line communications technology is a
leading advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) solution nationwide, communicating
with more than 13.5 million deployed smart devices and retrieving hourly data with a
read rate higher than 99% for over 360 utilities.
With eTWACS, utilities now can send and receive more data over power lines
than they could with earlier generations of TWACS. The eTWACS protocol allows
concurrent, bidirectional transmission of data on all three phases of an AC electrical
distribution feeder as well as on all busses and substations simultaneously. The net
effect, in most cases, can triple the communications capacity of an Aclara power-line
communications system and add signicant capacity for future communication needs.
What does this mean to the utility? Utilities now can use the additional capacity
provided by eTWACS to handle smart grid applications above and beyond meter
reading. Utilities deploying eTWACS now will have plenty of capacity to handle
tasks such as outage management, load control and distribution management. For
example, testing by Aclara conrmed that with eTWACS, the time to retrieve a full
complement of shifted meter data from a 5,000-meter bus including intervals,
voltages, kilowatt hours, tamper indicators, error ags and demand could be
reduced from 60 minutes to 20 minutes.
The two-way functionality of eTWACS also allows the utility to communicate
effectively to each endpoint to issue on-request reads, control load-shed events,
remotely connect and disconnect meters, and download feature enhancements.
Aclara eTWACS is fully backward compatible with previous versions of TWACS
equipment so that eTWACS-capable and earlier generation TWACS technology
endpoints can coexist while maximizing communication capacity.
Aclara | www.aclara.com
IP Networked Camera
Schneider Electrics all-new Pelco Esprit SE IP Integrated PTZ
Camera System includes standard and pressurized models for video
surveillance and IP network connectivity. Built upon the Esprit SE
positioning system platform, the system features dynamic window
blanking, auto tracking, internal scheduling clock, electronic image
stabilization and multilanguage menus all formerly reserved only for
high-speed domes.
Designed and built for continuous use featuring an integrated
camera and lens, pan-and-tilt unit, multiprotocol receiver and
Sarix-based H.264 encoder, Esprit SE IP offers dynamic
remote-positioning capabilities and is capable of
remaining completely operational in up to 90 mph
(145 kmph) wind conditions. The integrated system
offers responsive, high-speed positioning capabilities,
fully congurable video streaming, easy browser-based set-up, outstanding weather
protection, and a high level of aesthetics and ease of installation.
Schneider Electric | www.pelco.com
Distribution Services and Software Modeling

Battelle now can support utilities with modeling tools for effective planning, testing
and resource deployment. The new Grid Command Distribution is built as a front-end
addition for GridLAB-D, a distribution system simulation and analysis tool developed
at Pacic Northwest National Laboratory, a U.S. Department of Energy lab that Battelle
manages.
The offering helps utilities make informed decisions before they invest in new
technologies. For instance, it models the impact of alternative energy sources
and advanced technologies on the grid to improve investment and operational
efciency. The new front-end software was developed as part of an ongoing smart
grid demonstration project in Columbus as part of AEP Ohios gridSMART program
sponsored by the Department of Energy.
Grid Command Distribution allows utilities to quickly build circuit models with
multiple congurations, assess complex resource deployment scenarios, and provide
insight into grid sensitivity and capacity under changing conditions
Battelles Grid Command Distribution is part of a full-service portfolio that includes
Grid Command Active Demand Management and Grid Command Transmission
(powered by HELM technology from Gridquant). Active Demand Management gives
consumers and producers unprecedented control over everyday energy decisions.
HELM, a proprietary suite of software and services originally developed by Gridquant,
offers utilities visibility into transmission grid conditions even up to the point of
collapse.
Battelle | www.battell.org
64
Transformer and Reactor

Design Software
The 3D Transformers Environment
(TE3D) provides a graphical user
interface for designing transformers
and reactors using Cobham Technical
Services Opera-3D nite element
electromagnetic simulation package.
Users are presented with simple
dialog boxes and drop-down menus
to dene a new transformer or reactor
design. After entering this data, the
software creates a 3-D nite element
model of a reactor or transformer,
together with independent drive and
load circuits within the circuit editor for
subsequent simulation and analysis.
The software allows a wide variety
of common transformer types to be
created, including three-phase, threeand ve-leg core, and single-phase
two- and three-leg core. The software
accommodates both racetrack and
solenoid type single and multiple layer
windings, and most of the commonly
used winding connections specied in
the international IEC 60076-1 standard
for power transformers. All aspects of
transformer design can be modelled
through the environment. Users can
modify the device and circuits following
the initial build to enable precise
matching of their designs, and the
analysis options available within the
environment can be used to analyze
devices not constructed within it.
The simulation analysis phase is
also automated. User options include
performing open-circuit, short-circuit and
inrush current tests on transformers, and
mutual inductance tests on reactors.
Once an analysis has been completed,
the TE3D environment automatically
sends the results to the Opera Manager
to be solved. In the case of the inrush
current test, for example, the calculated
results include the Lorentz forces on
the primary and secondary windings,
eddy currents in any support structures,
iron losses in the transformer core, and
transformer efciency.
The TE3D environment offers ne
control of the nite element analysis
mesh size and distribution within each
device to help balance speed with
accuracy.
TE3D will also model a diverse range
of reactor types, including three-phase
three-leg, ve-leg and both horizontal
and vertical air core, and single-phase
two-leg, three-leg and air core. Power
systems designers will appreciate the
benets of using TE3D from the outset.
By modelling the transformer or reactor,
they can visualize the shape of stray
ux and the areas with the highest local
loss concentration. Design data can be
changed in seconds, allowing What if?
type scenarios to be investigated quickly,
so that users can home-in on the optimal
design solution to an application more
efciently.
Cobham Technical Services
www.cobham.com
PRODUCTS&Services
Installation Pliers and

Diagonal Cutters
The KNIPEX installation pliers and

the KNIPEX X-Cut diagonal cutters have
received the 2013 iF product design
award in a qualied and international
eld.
A pair of KNIPEX installation pliers
is the perfect complement to diagonal
cutters. The KNIPEX installation pliers are
fully loaded with functions mimicking the
four essential electrical installation tools
including long nose pliers, wire strippers,
crimping pliers and cable shears. This
quadruple functionality in the pliers
makes them ideal for electrical work.
The X-Cut pliers are box joint
diagonal cutters with the capacity of
an all-rounder. They are compact and
lightweight, but still extremely precise
and powerful due to the doublesupported joint axis that allows for
heavy-duty cutting.
KNIPEX Tools | www.knipex-tools.com
SCADA Visualization App

The InduSoft Visualization App for
Windows 8 and Windows RT, Microsofts
highly anticipated new version of its Windows
operating system, is now available at
The Windows Store.
As the rst SCADA/HMI visualization app
created specically for Windows 8, the InduSoft Visualization App offers mobile access
to InduSoft Web Studio applications from any Windows 8 device. The app enables
users to access to SCADA information from a variety of mobile access stations such as
iPhones, tablets and laptops.
InduSoft Visualization App gives users the ability to monitor critical information
anytime at their ngertips. Users can view alarms, alarm history, process values, trends
and historical data from any location using their Windows 8 operating system.
InduSoft | www.indusoft.com
Relay Test Equipment

EuroSMCs lightweight PTE-50-CE is
the ideal instrument to test overcurrent
and over/undervoltage protective relays.
The reversible 100-VA amplier
can inject up to 50 A or 150 V with
outstanding stability, free of distortions
and completely isolated from the power
supply. The waveform is synthesized
electronically and can generate
harmonics from 1st to 7th of the supplys
frequency. Various output ranges are
available to maintain the 100-VA power
throughout the entire settings scale. The
system features automatic protections
against overload and overheating.
The Pro version features the PTEFCN additional voltage source inside
the lid. This option can be ordered and
self-installed in a few minutes to upgrade
any existing PTE-50-CE, and extends the
applications range to many more relay
types including directional overcurrent,
impedance, synchronization and
frequency relays.
This equipment is easy to use. You
just set the test values (current, voltage,
phase angle, frequency) and activate the
output. When the relays operation is
detected, the chronometer will display
the operation time with a 1-ms resolution.
A step function is also available to test
the relay across two non-zero values of
current, voltage or phase angle.
Although the PTE-50-CE has been
designed for fast, efcient in-eld testing,
it also can be controlled from an external
computer running optionally available
test software, designed for routine
testing and automatic report generation.
EuroSMC | www.eurosmc.com
65
Faster
Let Us Get Your

Steel Transmission
And Substation
Structures To
You Faster.
With incredible lead times
and fabrication capabilities,
Engineered Endeavors can provide
you the steel tubular structures
to meet your design and timing
needs. Give us a call and well get
it done for you... faster.
PRODUCTS&Services
Circuit Breaker Analyzer

Circuit Breaker Analyzer has
created an application for iPhone or
iPod, capable of capturing vibration
signatures from working circuit
breakers to provide quantiable
data for computerized maintenance
management systems and other
preventive maintenance programs.
Using the accelerometer
inside every iPhone or new model
iPod, the Circuit Breaker Analyzer
captures vibration data in all three
axes as well as across time at sample rates of 100 Hz to 400 Hz, depending on the
version. Both sample rates provide ample data to for a detailed vibration signature for
later analysis of potential mechanical faults inside the circuit breaker. By comparing
the newly acquired vibration signature to a database of known good proles and/
or the vibration signature of the breakers rst trip operation, pattern recognition
algorithms can determine when changes in the envelope or shape of the vibration
signature indicate a hidden mechanical problem that eventually will lead to breaker
failure if left unchecked.
The Circuit Breaker Analyzer is designed for use by technicians with any level of
experience. After starting the application, the operator keys in the type of circuit
breaker under test. This brings up a picture of the breaker that shows the technician
where to attach the iPhone or iPod, using adhesive magnets that ship with the Circuit
Breaker Analyzer app. This helps to guarantee an apples to apples comparison with
stored KGPs and eliminate false tests. The app also comes with built-in level indicators
to make sure the iPhone or iPod is positioned correctly for testing. The app also can be
used in conjunction with remote switching devices, such as the CBS ArcSafe product
line remote racking system, for added protection against arc ash injuries.
After the test is nished, the tester presses the stop button, and the vibration data
is saved on the device and wirelessly sent to a central database of the users choosing.
Internal condition-based maintenance algorithms compare the vibration envelope to
known good proles for that make of breaker, and identify variances that indicate an
internal mechanical problem or wear.
Circuit Breaker Analyzer Inc. | cbanalyzer.com
Digital Voltage Phasing Meter

Hastings launches the
redesigned 6702 digital voltage
phasing meter, an updated version
with the same great quality and
additional features.
The redesigned phasing meter
performs a variety of underground
and overhead distribution and
transmission applications. The new
version includes added features:
Three modes of operation:
AC, DC and Hi-Pot
Measure voltage from 0 kV to
40 kV and up to 240 kV using addon resistors
Display includes digital meter
and analog bar graph, and is twice as large as the former display.
Understanding the harsh environment of the linemen and products, the redesigned
meter enclosure is smaller and made of high-quality, rugged extruded aluminum.
Additionally, the phasing meter includes a Hi-Pot mode for testing URD cable and has
a mode bar graph to mark the peak voltage while the cable is being charged.
Hastings | www.hfgpundergroundsafety.com
UPS Backup Power
www.engend.com
1-888-270-3855
2013 Engineered Endeavors
66
Pnu Power introduces a fully integrated backup power system for data centers and
industrial UPS applications.
The EPS10 provides 10 kW of peak power and 100+ hours runtime in a selfcontained weatherproof box that can be located in extreme outdoor environments. It
can be connected to critical loads via a single mains cable and several units can be run
in parallel, for higher loads and/or redundancy.
The unit uses the latest ultra-capacitor technology in place of conventional leadacid batteries to provide instant bridging power in the event of an outage and fast,
reliable start-up of its integral diesel generator for extended runtime.
Pnu Power | www.pnu-power.com
Get on Track
with eTrain
T&D Worlds e-newsletter focused

exclusively on training.
In each issue, youll nd: proles of featured instructors, news on
major training trends, overviews of company courses or training
programs, online events, training books and materials, a helpful
listing of training courses covering all aspects of T&D, and a calendar of events highlighting exhibitions, conferences, seminars and
workshops of note in the power delivery industry.
Log on today and sign up
for your free subscription!
www.tdworld.com/etrain
PRODUCTS & SERVICES
POWERFUL
SOLUTIONS
Overhead Transmission
Underground Transmission
OPGW
Static Wire/Guy Wire
Grounding Cable
(Bare Copper & CCS)
Control Cable
Distribution Cable
(600V35KV)
www.buyawg.com
1.800.342.7215
1920 E. Hallandale Beach Blvd. Suite PH8
Hallandale, FL 33009
Telephone 1.954.455.3050 | Fax 1.954.455.9886
sales@buyawg.com
People Movers
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68
68
March
March 2013
2013 || www.tdworld.com
www.tdworld.com
products & services
Induron Protective Coatings
3333 R. Arrington N.
Birmingham, Alabama 35234
COATINGS FOR PROTECTION OF T&D
STRUCTURES AND EQUIPMENT
ksmith@induron.com
860-483-0321
fax: 205-324-6942
recruitiNG
Ray Dauria Associates

Specializing in recruiting for
HV Transmission Project Teams.
E-mail your resume to
rdauria@rdpowerjobs.com and visit
www.rdpowerjobs.com for information.
HeLp WANted
DESIGN ENGINEER Transmission Line
EDM is searching for a Transmission
Line Design Engineer - Civil/Structural/
Electrical Engineer who will work with
other engineers designing, evaluating, and
modifying new and existing transmission
structures and associated lines.
Requirements: 5+ years exp in highvoltage transmission line design,
PLS-CADD and PLS-POLE prociency,
familiarity with the NESC and GO-95,
single/ multiple-pole foundation design
using MFAD, HFAD, and/or PLS Caisson,
must be registered PE or able to obtain
within 12 mos, periodic travel to job sites,
client interaction.
Please email cover letter and resume to
kkile@edmlink.com. For info on EDM
please visit our web page at :
www.edmlink.com
www.tdworld.com
For nearly 30 years, ETAP has been the most comprehensive

enterprise solution for the design, simulation, operation, control,
optimization, and automation of transmission, distribution, and
microgrid power systems.
Distribution Management System
Switching Management & Optimization
Load Curtailment & Restoration
Interchange Transaction Scheduling
Energy Accounting & Trending
Contingency & Reliability Assessment
Geographic Information System Map
etap.com
A vital source of industry information
with breaking news and feature
archives from the pages of
Transmission & Distribution
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8 0 0 . 4 7 7. E TA P
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69
SOFTWARE
CYME Power engineering analysis software

balanced/unbalanced
load ow
optimal power ow
network optimization
contingency analysis
short-circuit
Power engineering services
protective device
coordination
substation grounding
thermal analysis of cables
voltage and transient
stability
motor starting
reliability assessment
harmonics
arc ash analysis
and more
specialized consulting services

reliability improvement
DG integration
voltage optimization
harmonics
Solutions that stand behind thousands of T&D projects in more than 100 countries!
USA & Canada: 1-800-361-3627 International: 1-450-461-3655 info@cyme.com
www.cyme.com www.cooperpowereas.com
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For more information about classied advertising, please contact:
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70
Advertiser
Page # Website
3M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
*American Electrical Testing Co. Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56O
*Arbormetrics Solutions Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56G
*Asplundh Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56K
Asplundh Tree Expert Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BC
Black & Veatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Burns & McDonnell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .IBC
Cantega Technologies Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Capital Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Doble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
DuPont . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Engineering Endeavors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Engineering Unlimited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
eTrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
EuroSMC, S.A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Fah Teeng Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
FWT, LLC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
GE Digital Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
General Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1a
*Greenlee Textron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56H
Havereld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
HDR Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
*Heli-Dunn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56J
Hipotronics Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
*Hubbell Power Systems Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56C
Hubbell Power Systems Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IFC
Hughes Brothers Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
*Huskie Tools Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56E
Krenz & Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60-61
Lewis Mfg. Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
*Lug-All Corp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56I
Mears Group Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Michels Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
NLMCC/NECA-IBEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Omicron Electronics Corp. USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
*Osmose Utilities Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56N
Parkline Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Penton / Wrights Reprints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Quanta Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
RTDS Technologies Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
S&C Electric Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28-29
Sabre Industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
*Siemens AG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1B
Siemens Industry Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Stanley Consultants Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
StressCrete Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
TDCompare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
TDW Grid Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Thomas & Betts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Thomas & Betts Corp./Meyer Steel Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Underground Devices Inc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Vaisala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Valmont/Newmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Verizon Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
*Watson Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56M
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Orland Park, IL 60462
Phone: 708-460-5925 Fax: 913-514-9017
E-mail: steve.lach@penton.com
Southeastern, Mid-Atlantic,
New England:
Douglas J. Fix
590 Hickory Flat Road
Alpharetta, GA 30004
Phone: 770-740-2078 Fax:678-405-3327
E-mail: dx@bellsouth.net
Southwest:
Gary Lindenberger
7007 Winding Walk Drive, Suite 100
Houston, TX 77095
Phone: 281-855-0470 Fax: 281-855-4219
E-mail: gl@lindenassoc.com
West/Western Canada:
Ron Sweeney
303 Johnston Drive
San Rafael, CA 94903
Phone: 415-499-9095 Fax: 415-499-9096
E-mail: wnjsr@comcast.net
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15981 Yarnell Street, Suite 230
Los Angeles, CA 91342
Phone: 818-403-6379 Fax: 818-403-6436
E-mail: wnjla@aol.com
Western/Eastern Europe:
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P.O. Box 250
Banbury, OXON, OX16 5YJ UK
Phone: 44-1295-278-407
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#04-01 Sindo Ind Building
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Phone: 81-3-3661-6138
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Storm Associates Inc.
4F. Deok Woo Building
292-7, Sung-san dong, Ma-po ku,
Seoul, Korea
Phone: 82-2-755-3774
Fax: 82-2-755-3776
E-mail:stormybj@kornet.net
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71
StraightTalk
Counterintuitive Strategies
By Richard
Brown, WorleyParsons
n Oct. 29, 2012, Hurricane Sandy made landfall in

the Northeast United States. Although Sandy was
only a Category 1, it was the largest Atlantic hurricane on record with winds spanning 1,100 miles (1,770 km).
Sandy affected the entire East Coast, with particularly extensive damage in New Jersey and New York. Sandy caused power
interruptions to more than 6 million people, with more than
1 million still out of power a week after landfall.
The public is understandably frustrated whenever an extreme weather event results in power restoration times of a
week or more. In these situations, it is common for the media
and politicians to criticize utilities for old and unmaintained
infrastructure, poor storm preparation, inefcient restoration
processes and inadequate communication with a variety of
stakeholders. Valid or not, these attacks put pressure on utilities to develop action plans so things will be better when the
next storm hits.
alternatives to Consider
When considering alternatives for improving storm performance, it is natural to think about historical approaches
used to improve normal-weather and minor-storm reliability.
Unfortunately, these are not always effective. Much of the
utility system was not designed for extreme weather and different rules often apply. It reminds me of a classic Seinfeld
episode where George Costanza turns his life around by doing
the opposite of his instincts. For a utility to turn its storm performance around, it must recognize that the effects of many
improvement initiatives are counterintuitive.
Here are four examples when initial instincts may not
translate into the best storm-improvement approach:
1. Put it undergroundnot! After a major storm, it is a safe
bet utilities will be urged to put all of their lines underground.
Overhead-to-underground conversion has been examined
dozens of times by states, cities, professional organizations
and consultants. The answer is always the same. Unless there
are special circumstances, overhead-to-underground conversion is far too expensive to justify the benets. Worse, underground systems result in less reliability near coastal areas subject to storm surges. Underground systems near the coast are
less reliable during major storms, not more.
2. Trim the treesnot! Utilities are often scolded after a
major storm because they are behind on their tree-pruning
cycle. Cycle pruning focuses on conductor clearances, which
is important for clear-weather reliability but less so for major
72
storms. Most tree damage during storms results from large

branches and entire trees falling into wires, often from outside
of the right-of-way. To improve storm performance, vegetation
management needs to focus on removing dead and diseased
trees, removing tall trees (and perhaps replacing them with
short trees), and removing all branches that overhang the conductors.
3. Replace wood polesnot! After seeing broken and
leaning poles, utilities often are asked why they do not switch
to stronger poles made out of steel, concrete or composites. In
fact, the average strength of a wood pole for a given grade of
construction is higher than these alternatives. New wood poles
are one-third stronger to allow for degradation, and have a
higher safety factor to compensate for higher-strength variability. Sometimes it makes sense to use non-wood poles, such
as to reduce weight. However, a strong storm will snap a nonwood pole just as easily as a wood pole of the same strength.
4. Replace small wirenot! Old copper wire does not
stand much of a chance against falling trees, and nobody likes
to see broken conductor on the ground. Consequently, it can
be tempting to proactively replace small conductor with something larger and stronger. Although stronger conductors are
less likely to break, they often can cause a bigger problem than
they solve. When trees fall into large conductors, the full force
is transferred to nearby utility poles, resulting in broken hardware, crossarms and often the pole itself. Needless to say, it is
easier to splice a broken conductor than replace a broken pole.
Some utilities have begun using wire ties that will fail before
the conductor breaks or structural damage occurs. When the
tie fails, the conductor simply drops to the ground and can be
rehung during restoration.
When it comes to storm strategies, initial instincts may not
always be wrong. However, most rules of thumb and accepted
approaches are based on non-storm situations and may not
translate well to storm situations. Storm performance requires
different thinking, and considering counterintuitive outcomes will ensure that all actions result in the desired benets.
Imagine taking the stand at post-storm hearings. Instead of
defending mediocre results with everybody does it this way,
you can tout superior results because most do it this way, but
we do it the right way.
Richard Brown (richard.brown@worleyparsons.com) is the vice
president of power networks for WorleyParsons in the United
States. He is also a fellow of the IEEE.
When it comes to your customers, we handle them

with care. We know that were a highly visible
component in the delivery of safe, reliable and
affordable energy.
From the work planner on the ground to the arborist
up in the bucket, Asplundh provides the training
and equipment necessary to help our crews present
a professional public image to your customers. Our
people explain the work how it is done and why

it is necessary so your customer understands
the process. We know that our crews
professionalism, safety and efciency reect your
commitment to customer satisfaction.
As your partner in vegetation management,
Asplundh offers a better way for customer care.
Contact us today at 1-800-248-TREE or visit
www.asplundh.com to learn more.
A Better Way
Safety Efciency Innovation
For more information, contact Brian Standish at 713.341.7212 or bstandish@quantaservices.com
quantaservices.com
SUPERSTORMSandy
Good Preparation,
Excellent Execution
Connecticut Gov. Dannel Malloy leads the daily response call in the State Emergency Operations Center.
m not ashamed to admit I get a churning in the pit of

my stomach when I see hurricanes forming in the Gulf.
The closer a major storm approaches landfall, the more
I nd myself repeating phrases like Not again. Not this time.
Turn out to sea. Weaken. Dissipate.
When a hurricane hits land, it robs those of us in its path of
our sense of security and replaces it with great discomfort and
angst. Those of us impacted are forced to rebuild our homes,
our businesses, our infrastructure and, sometimes, our very
lives.
As much as I hate to see a storm brewing, when a major
storm hits, I refuse to sit idly by. I have to get involved in some
way, just as you probably do. Its what we those of us who
work in the electric utility industry were bred for. We never
feel more alive, more energized or more needed than when we
are bringing back electricity, along with a sense of normalcy
and security, to our customers.
The Ugliest of the Ugly

Speaking from experience, Sandy was the ugliest of the
ugly. I ew up to personally experience and report on the rebuild efforts on Long Island and in Connecticut. When you
are on the front line, your emotions swing wildly from a dull
ache, to deep despair, to wild exhilaration and then back
again. Too often, the emotions do not line up with the experi-
ences; they are out of control, at least mine are.

When I got back from the front, I connected with executives at Con Ed, FirstEnergy and Public Service Electric & Gas.
Each of these utilities also had personal stories to tell. Gene
Wolf, T&D Worlds technical writer, and I then touched base
with the many collaborating utilities, contractors, tree trimmers and vendors who moved Heaven and Earth and then
some to get personnel and supplies to the front.
Those in the know cannot help but be impressed by the
sheer numbers required to respond to an event like Sandy.
The number of contract crews, vehicles, poles, transformers
and the miles of wire boggle the mind. We are honored to
share the stories of the individuals and teams who pulled together to bring power back to the Northeast.
Today, reecting back on the Sandy rebuild, I can state the
key to our successful rebuild was good preparation and excellent execution. A proper rebuild requires utilities to build and
maintain relationships with other utilities, with contractors
and with vendors. These relationships are gold in times of crisis. During the Sandy response, these partners responded with
the same passion and vigor as the utilities themselves.
Because Superstorm Sandy was so massive, delivered record-high tides and unleashed mayhem in the most densely
populated region of the United States, she also impacted
our national psyche. We are now different, and our industry
March 2013 l www.tdworld.com
SUPERSTORMSandy
Properly stafng the Connecticut State Emergency Operations Center allows issues to be resolved before they become problems.
has been changed because of the

mind-altering impact of this storm.
We will install storm-hardened telecommunications systems.

We will operate more robust
distribution management and outNo More Storm
age management systems that can
Business as Usual
handle the increased information
Legislators, regulators and cusow during crisis events.
tomers showed their impatience
and even rage when storm restora We will provide network status
tion efforts exceeded several weeks,
updates in real time to utility workeven when taking into account the
ers, utility partners, regulators, legextent of the damage from this masislators, the local media, and, most
sive killer storm. Woe to the utility
importantly, to our customers.
executive who cannot respond to Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority Chair We will partner with city manthe pace demanded by regulators man Arthur House shares storm response perspectives agers, state preparedness organizawith Rick Bush.
and legislators.
tions, FEMA and other infrastrucWe know in our gut we must respond ever more quickly ture organizations to accelerate storm response times for all
when the next storm hits. We are taking action now. We are services providers.
changing the dynamics of how we will prepare for and reAs utilities, we have plenty of reasons to invest in our power
spond to superstorms:
delivery system so that we can better respond to storms. The
main reason is that it is the right thing to do. Status quo is not
We will design and build more robust, more resilient,
an option. We already have the technologies available to move
more easily rebuilt power delivery systems.
rapidly and decisively build out a more exible, more robust,
We will improve our supply chain channels to gain even
greater access to replacement poles, transformers, switchgear more resilient, more easily rebuilt grid. And now, post-Sandy,
we have the communal will to do so.
and hardware.
Our network will provide more operational exibility
during restoration so we can bypass damaged areas and reroute electricity.
We will collaborate nationally to standardize equipment
so we can more easily obtain replacement parts.
Editorial Director
Transmission & Distribution World
Utilities Caught
NASAs Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Sandys massive circulation on Oct. 29, 2012, at 2:20 p.m. Sandy covered 1.8
million square miles from the Mid-Atlantic to the Ohio Valley, and
into Canada and New England. Courtesy of NASA Foddard MODIS
Rapid Response Team.
SUPERSTORMSandy
in the Crosshairs
Five utilities ramp up
to battle Sandys onslaught.
By Rick
Bush, Editorial Director
tropical depression in the western Caribbean caught the attention of meteorologists on Oct. 22, 2012. It quickly grew in
strength and became Tropical Storm Sandy. Over the next
week, the storm developed into Hurricane Sandy, leaving a
path of death and destruction as it moved across the Caribbean into the
Atlantic. About a week later, on Oct. 29, it slammed into the densely populated northeastern portion of the United States.
From the time it rst formed until it made landfall, Sandy became the
largest storm to ever hit the East Coast. It was more than 1,000 nautical
miles, or 1,150 miles (1,850 km), wide more than twice the size of the
state of Texas. It impacted the North American Eastern Seaboard, from
Florida to Nova Scotia and westward beyond the Appalachian Mountains
to Wisconsin.
In all, Sandy affected more than 24 states plus the District of Columbia
and several Canadian provinces. Being in the center of the storms crosshairs, New Jersey, New York and Connecticut an area with a population
in excess of 60 million people caught the brunt of the storm.
What have 87 hurricane seasons taught us?

Were all in this together.
Florida Power & Light dispatched 2,400 linemen from Florida and west Georgia to restore power to customers shortly after Hurricane Sandy made landfall on the east coast of Florida on Oct. 26. FPL also sent a caravan from Bradenton, Florida, to assist utilities in the Washington-Baltimore area. Deploying more than 860
employees and contractor restoration workers in 250 trucks, FPL storm-response teams worked tirelessly to
support seven different utilities from Virginia to New Jersey with restoration efforts. Courtesy of Florida Power
& Light.
SUPERSTORMSandy
Devastated by a Hybrid
As far as storms go, Sandy delivered far more damage than
most hurricanes, although the National Hurricane Center
downgraded its status to a tropical cyclone shortly before it
came ashore in the United State.
Sandy was a huge slow-moving storm. A week into restoration, an arctic storm called a noreaster hit the U.S. It combined all the destruction of a hurricane with the devastation
of a noreaster, fueled by an arctic storm front. Sandy combined wind, rain, snow and flooding.
Sandy had a barometric pressure of 940 millibars, usually

associated with Category 4 hurricanes. It also brought Category 1 hurricane winds of 90 mph (145 kmph) when it came
ashore. In addition, storm surges were expected to reach 4 ft
to 8 ft (1.2 m to 2.4 m) along the coast, with a predicted 11-ft
(3.3-m) storm surge in northern New Jersey and Long Island.
Meteorologists estimates proved to be way too conservative.
The storm surge that hit New York Citys Battery Park was
measured at 13.88 ft (4.23 m). Storm surges of this magnitude are normally related to Category 4 storms, not tropical
Electric Outages by State

Impacted state
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Kentucky
Maine
Peak outages reported

in DOE situation reports
626,559
45,137
Impacted state
Peak outages reported

in DOE situation reports
New Jersey
2,615,291
New York
2,097,933
3,583
North Carolina
8,379
Ohio
15,466
267,323
90,727
Pennsylvania
1,267,512
Maryland
311,020
Rhode Island
116,592
Massachusetts
298,072
Vermont
69,006
Virginia
182,811
West Virginia
271,765
Michigan
New Hampshire
141,992
17,959
Note: States with fewer than 3,000 outages are not included in the table.
Source: Outage numbers obtained from company websites and DOE communications.
NASAs Atmospheric Infrared Sounder instrument on NASAs Aqua spacecraft captured this infrared image of Hurricane Sandy at 2:17 p.m.
on Oct. 29, 2012. The hurricane center is the darkest purple area in the Atlantic, just east of the New Jersey coast, reecting Sandys areas of
heaviest rainfall. Courtesy of NASA/JPL-Caltech.
SUPERSTORMSandy
cyclones. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration placed the destructive power of Sandy at 5.8 on a scale
of 6. It seems like the National Hurricane Center and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration should have
gotten together on classifying this megastorm.
Standing By But Not Idle

In the days prior to the superstorms landfall, local ofcials
prepared citizens for the storm and began to call for evacuation of coastal and low-lying areas. Likewise, utilities, manufacturers, contractors and suppliers were gearing up for the
storm. Utilities activated their emergency-response plans,
mobilized their employees, contacted their mutual assistance
networks and battened down their systems.
The following pages track the restoration of ve utilities
that found themselves caught in the crosshairs of Superstorm
Sandy: Long Island Power Authority, Con Edison, Public Service Electric and Gas Co., FirstEnergys Jersey Central Power &
Light and Connecticut Light & Power. Here are their stories.
The aerial photos show the Borough of Montoloking in
Ocean County, New Jersey, on March 18, 2007, (below)
and on Oct. 31, 2012 (right). Sandy made landfall just south
of Montoloking, demolishing the coastal community.
Courtesy of NOAA Remote Sensing Division.
A bucket truck from Southern California Edison

is unloaded from a C-5 transport and ready for
dispatch. Responding to a request from New
Yorks Con Edison, SCE sent more than 70 units
and 120 line workers to the Northeast. Plans
initially called for a ground convoy, which could
have taken up to four days. To expedite the mission, President Obama requested an airlift to
get the mission underway. Courtesy of Con Edison.
Superstorm Sandy brought with it devastating

damage. LIPA crews replaced more than 4,400
poles and 2.25 million feet of wire to restore
power to customers. Courtesy of LIPA.
SUPERSTORMSandy
Flooding crested in the region of this 230-kV to 115-kV

Raritan River switchyard. The breaker in the foreground
is a 115-kV MEPPI circuit breaker. Courtesy of ABB.
Monmouth Beach Substation in Monmouth Beach, New Jersey, suffered

damage from the storm surge that carried sand inland. Courtesy of ABB.
Typical salt water damage from ooding in the

substations switchgear. Courtesy of ABB.
SUPERSTORMSandy
An extreme tidal surge caused severe

ooding and extensive damage across
the south shore of Long Island and the
Rockaways. Courtesy of LIPA.
Hurricane Sandy left a path of destruction in the areas serviced

by Jersey Central Power & Light. As of Nov. 2, crews had replaced
approximately 2,400 spans of wire and 200 transformers. With the
arrival of the noreaster on Nov. 7, heavy snow and high winds
resulted in an additional 120,000 power outages in the JCP&L
service territory. Courtesy of JCP&L.
Lineman work in side-by-side bucket trucks to restore power to a neighborhood on Staten Island, New York. Courtesy of Con Edison.
SUPERSTORMSandy
Long Island Power Authority crews reattach secondary lines to

customers after devastating damage. Courtesy of LIPA.
In the Sheapshead Bay neighborhood of Brooklyn, New York,

trees and electric poles fell to the ground after strong winds
from Hurricane Sandy blew through. Courtesy of Anton Oparin,
Shutterstock.
In the neighborhood of Belle Harbor, Rockaway Beach, houses sustained extensive damage and lost power due to
impact from Hurricane Sandy in Queens, New York. Courtesy of Anton Oparin, Shutterstock.
10
G&W Submersible Switchgear

Submersible construction is critical
when specifying switchgear for
areas subject to harsh environmental conditions including heavy
rains, ooding and hurricanes.
G&W is a long time supplier of
submersible switchgear since the
1920s. Switches offer the following
additional features:
Rugged, dead-front construction

Solid dielectric, visible break designs
Padmount and vault designs
SF6 gas or solid dielectric insulation
Ratings through 38kV, 25kA
symmetric
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p Trident with SafeVu
For more information, visit

our website at: gwelec.com
SUPERSTORMSandy
Long Island Power Authority
urricane Sandy may not go down in U.S. annals as the worst storm of all time, but certain
East Coast residents may beg to differ. When
Sandy made landfall in late October 2012, she
knocked out power to 1.1 million Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) customers. To add insult to injury, an impressive
noreaster struck the same decimated area just a week into
the rebuild, cutting utilities to another 160,000 customers
thousands of whom had recently seen power restored. Despite
these signicant obstacles, LIPA rose to the challenge.
Measuring 118 miles (190 km) in length and 23 miles
(37 km) in width, Long Island is exposed to strong winds and
tides, and is thus entirely vulnerable during extreme weather.
Located west of highly populated New York City, Long Island
is the most highly populated island in the United States.
Nick Lizanich, vice president of operations at LIPA, provided this on-the-ground perspective of the rising tide and falling
utility fortunes:
Although realizing the consequences of storm damage

caused by an extended period of hurricane-force winds, some
of our greatest challenges were related to ooding, said Lizanich. We used NOAA surge maps to prepare our response to
the expected tidal surges. The slow movement of the storm was
such that NOAA predicted that successive tides would push up
against earlier tides to result in greater ooding, all during
an astronomical high-tide period due to the full moon. The
predictions were in line with what we could handle, he noted.
The rst high tide was in line with predicted levels and was
right near the height of the break walls, Lizanich recalled.
The second high tide was a couple feet higher than the rst
and, again, in line with NOAA predictions. The second high
tide brought the oodwaters to the substation fence line, so
we were feeling pretty condent the third high tide, which was
expected to be several feet higher, would be contained by the
sandbagging done at the stations. In reality, the third high tide
came in as much as 7 ft (2.1 m) higher than expected. As the
A LIPA lineman puts the nishing touch on a pole changeout by connecting triplex to a residential home.
12
SUPERSTORMSandy
Long Island Power Authority and National Grid executives discuss restoration progress at their twice-a-day operations brieng at the
Hicksville Command Center.
station breakers began to blow from the oodwaters, and we

took steps to de-energize the remaining pieces of the stations
to minimize damage, we knew then that we were dealing with
the most damaging storm ever to hit Long Island.
Seven LIPA substations experienced ood damage. Fortunately, LIPA had two mobile substations on hand along with
access to another mobile substation, obtained from National
Grid, to use in the quick restoration of the system backbone
and key critical loads in the ood-ravaged areas. LIPA also had
various spare transformers, breakers and switchgear to aid in
the restoration of substation circuits, to meet the load so ooded areas could be rebuilt to receive load.
When appropriate, hardening efforts were performed on
the substations during the rebuild and restoration process.
At one substation, for instance, foundations were raised
5 ft (1.5 m) on a replacement piece of switchgear to position
new replacement gear out of future ood danger. In some
instances, transmission lines were rerouted to bypass ooded
substations.
Mutual aid included 40 outside substation-support personnel to facilitate the removal and replacement of ooded
switchgear, breakers and transformers. LIPA also employed
services companies to assist in the refurbishment of damaged
and ooded equipment, which would be reinstalled and re-energized as conditions and need warranted. It is expected LIPA
will ultimately spend $50 million in substation restoration, of

which some of this work is still being performed.
In a densely populated area called the Rockaways, home
to approximately 50,000 customers, a large number of highrise residential facilities were without power in addition to
residential homes and commercial businesses when oodwaters shorted out the supply stations. Anticipating difculties in
Line workers install new switchgear (foreground) and new poles

(background) in the ood areas of the Rockaways.
13
SUPERSTORMSandy
One of the lessons learned a year ago from
Hurricane Irene was the need to improve the
cooperation between LIPA and the municipal
road-clearing crews in each town. As a lesson
learned, a new process was put in place and
used during Sandy that received very positive
remarks from the local towns and counties.
The process includes the assignment of electrical crews to the various town road-clearing
crews so they can work together to safely deenergize lines. During Sandy, lines had fallen
and became entangled with a tree blocking a
major roadway. The early debris-removal initiative proved to be quite valuable as it provided residents access to services and line crews
access to roadways for subsequent restoration
efforts.
Wind damage also was severe and widespread on the island. Many trees had been
uprooted and, subsequently, knocked down
distribution lines and poles (more than 4,000
poles were damaged by Sandy). To rebuild the
transmission and distribution system, 5,737
line personnel were brought on the island to
Thousands of off-island crews were processed to help LIPA repair the devastating
supplement the 535 crew members residing on
damage from the storm.
the island. Similarly, 3,624 tree workers were
contracted
to
assist
the 150 local vegetation workers.
customers getting their internal switchgear rooms in the high
Of course, all these workers and associated support staff
rises cleaned and ready for service, LIPA assembled a eet
of 105 large stand-alone generators, rated from 70 kW to had to be housed, equipped and dispatched. Jim Dayton,
director of strategic T&D initiatives with National Grid, was
2,000 kW, to facilitate the restoration of customer load.
These generators were hooked up to bring back several responsible for foreign crew management. Dayton shared
residential, commercial, governmental and utility facilities. major process and facilities changes in place for Sandy that
For example, 10 buildings in the Ocean Bay high-rise complex had been implemented in the past year because of lessons
were energized using 10 of these backup generators. Genera- learned from Hurricane Irene, in 2011:
To accommodate additional crews, the foreign crew mantors also were located at the Long Beach Medical Center and
the Mass Transit Authoritys Rockaway Park Station. LIPA also agement ofce moved to a larger facility. The crew-handling
located on-site generation at crew staging areas, substations process was enhanced to improve process ow. In addition, we
and lay-down yards to facilitate a 24-hour operation of services relocated the truck arrival and staging site to a larger facility
in hard-hit damaged areas. LIPA also acquired 5,500-W gen- to improve trafc ow, reduce delays and minimize the need
erators for 44 polling stations throughout the service territory, to relocate trucks. We could also send out automated texts and
calls to crew guides, which resulted in enhanced communicaso all voting centers had power for the national election.
One of the more frustrating issues LIPA faced was gaining tions with eld personnel. This series of enhancements proved
the required approval to restore power to homes and business- invaluable in handling the unprecedented number of crews
es that had experienced ooding and damage to electrical we brought onto the island.
John Bruckner, president of Long Island electric T&D seroutlets and wiring panels. Determining who had the authority to authorize the re-energization of these homes and busi- vices with National Grid, served as incident commander durnesses, and how each county would go about making this deci- ing the restoration. Because of the extensive level of damage,
sion, became a local issue, clearly something that needs to be local crew dispatch was divided between the local dispatch
centers and 80 satellite ofces created at neighborhood substamemorialized prior to the next event.
LIPA is somewhat unique as a municipal utility made up of tions. Each day, Bruckner took progress reports from the eld
just about 100 staff personnel. LIPA contracts with National at the Hicksville Command Center. Issues addressed included
Grid to perform most transmission and distribution services. mandatory safety training for incoming crews, crew dispatch,
So, under normal operating conditions, most of the boots on and material, logistics and equipment status updates.
Also critical was the conveyance of operational informathe ground are actually National Grid employees. During this
storm, the National Grid team managed most of the tactical tion to the communications teams, which would provide the
messaging to customers. Comprehensive storm-response inissues related to storm restoration.
14
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SUPERSTORMSandy
fied road and rail crossings, 100 already had been hardened
with larger poles and more robust hardware. Also, more than
one-third of the poles with automated sectionalizing units had
been hardened. This effort produced great results as none of
these structures came down during the storm. LIPA also had
changed transmission line design codes so new or reworked
transmission lines were being built to withstand 130-mph
(209-kmph) winds, up from the original 90-mph (145-kmph)
wind design.
LIPAs hurricane preparedness planning included stocking the warehouse to hurricane levels every summer in anticipation of a major event such as Sandy in 2012 and Irene the
year before. Daily deliveries of key hardware and equipment
kept all the line crews fully engaged in the restoration efforts.
Services also were provided by nonelectrical personnel from
National Grid who assisted in material delivery to job sites.
One issue that arose during the event was the unavailability of completely self-protected transformers, which include an
internal resettable breaker instead of a fused cutout installed
LIPA substation mechanics make nal connections to a replacement
in the riser wire to the transformer. Because the supply chain
transformer in the ooded Rockaways.
for these transformers was stretched thin, some crews were
formation was tallied and then placed on the LIPA website to tasked with modifying transformer installations to accommodate the need for a fused cutout.
take pressure off the call centers.
Early on, LIPA had committed to returning power to the
LIPA already had begun circuit hardening in 2007, and
these efforts paid tremendous dividends. Of the 250 identi- majority of customers within 10 days. Just as LIPA was getting
to that goal, a setback occurred when the
utility was hit with a major noreaster, along
with blinding snow and 30-mph to 35-mph
(48-kmph to 56-kmph) winds. The snowstorm knocked out power to an additional
160,000 customers, some of which had just
been restored. This was yet another setback
for service restoration.
The utility persevered and restored all
but those in severely flooded areas within a
14-day period. The flooded areas are slowly
being restored as customers get their panels
and electrical equipment replaced. As of this
No other compaNy has a better
writing, a few thousand customers remain
uNderstaNdiNg of utility vegetatioN
without power and whose homes and busimaNagemeNt requiremeNts.
nesses still await the assistance of the Federal
CNUC consultants have developed or interpreted legal
Emergency Maintenance Agency to restore
and regulatory language in almost every applicable
their homes and businesses to normal.
UVM standard. Were here to guide and sustain
Im proud of the work we did to restore
your utilitys compliance with state and federal
the
customers who experienced outages asrequirements, and in the process, well help you
sociated
with Sandy and the subsequent
reach your overall UVM program objectives.
noreaster, stated Lizanich. We do recognize that there is room for improvement,
including our ability to keep customers apprised of the status of their restoration efThe PoWer of KnoWledge
fort, and we are undertaking lessons learned
to find holes in our processes, both operaUtility Arborists & Foresters | Industry Analysis
tionally as well as from a communications
Benchmarking | Program/Compliance Reviews
7
07
.82
9.1018
perspective. When it comes to storm prepaExpert Witness | Software | LIDAR
Cnu TIlITy.Co m
QA/QC | Turn-Key UVM Operations
ration and response, it is a continuous learning process.
Compliance
Issues?
We can help.
16
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Your Quality Connection
SUPERSTORMSandy
Con Edison
eminiscent of the storm that devastated New Orleans, Louisiana, several

years ago, Hurricane Sandy ravaged
both Con Edisons underground and
overhead electrical delivery systems in late fall 2012.
Winds gusted up to 90 mph (145 kmph), sending
thousands of trees crashing onto overhead lines,
while unprecedented oodwaters rushed into substations and other critical facilities, ultimately crippling many sections of the city.
Con Edison, which serves 3.3 million customers in the ve boroughs of New York City and Westchester County, has long realized its susceptibility
to storm tides, and weather forecasts made it clear
Sandy posed a serious ooding threat. In fact, the
utility monitored weather reports that predicted
the storm tide at the Battery the southern tip of
Manhattan Island could reach 12 ft (4.7 m). The
previous high reached approximately 11 ft (3.4 m) in
1821, and Hurricane Irene, which struck the region
in August 2011, brought a storm tide of 9.5 ft (2.9 m).
When the storm tide from Sandy exceeded forecasters expectations, reaching 14 ft (4.3 m) on the
evening of Oct. 29, the result was a massive deluge
of saltwater into substations and other parts of the
A Con Edison team member positions a hose to pump out a ooded
underground vault.
areas underground electrical system. As New York
Harbor roiled violently and oodwaters rose rapidly,
Con Edison made a critical call early that evening:
The utility shut down two electrical networks on the south- ing 6,500 customers in Manhattan and 28,200 in Brooklyn
eastern tip of Manhattan and one network in Brooklyn, leav- without electrical service. However, these shutdowns likely
prevented extensive long-term damage to customer and utility
equipment.
Another 11 electrical networks in Lower and Midtown
Manhattan were shut down between 8 p.m. and 9 p.m. because
of water ooding substation equipment. Shortly after 9 p.m.,
an additional network, which serves the World Trade Center
construction, was removed from service at the customers request. Power was out as far north as 39th Street to 40th Street on
the East Side of Manhattan and as far north as 30th Street to
31st Street on the West Side.
Con Edison includes both submersible and nonsubmersible network protectors on its system. After the worst of the
storm passed, and the manholes and vaults were pumped
out, Con Edison removed about 200 nonsubmersible network
protectors from ooded areas and had them refurbished by
its own personnel and by Richards, a New Jersey contractor.
The repairs were quick and aligned with customer restoraOnce the vault is accessible, Con Edison workers remove the network protector to be refurbished or replaced so that power can be tion plans. Since Con Edison also maintains spare breakers
restored to customers.
and transformers, the utility was able to replace failed devices
18
SUPERSTORMSandy
within a few days. For example, when much of
Manhattan went dark due to ooding, Con Edison possessed all the materials and equipment it
needed to execute a relatively quick turnaround.
Because Con Edisons equipment is exposed
to road salt during winter storms, the utility
boasts a storehouse of knowledge about the impact of salt on equipment. Its engineers and operators know distribution bushings and elbows
can withstand ooding conditions. But, the
utility is investigating the impact of saltwater on
other devices. According to Robert Schimmenti,
the utilitys vice president of engineering and
planning, Con Edison intends to investigate design enhancements on transformer bushings to
make them more resistant to salt contamination
and develop submersible designs for other critical equipment.
Paper-insulated lead-covered (PILC) cables The vehicle-staging area located at base camp was set up in Rye, New York, to house
out-of-town workers helping with the restoration effort in Westchester County.
did not pose a signicant problem during this
event. The Con Edison system operates with limited amounts ease of installation, its use of shear-bolt connectors and the
of PILC cable, relying instead on more dependable, extruded pretensioned shrink that seals the joint from environmental
dielectric cables and splices. For the past 11 years, Con Edison elements.
Con Edison brought in thousands of mutual-aid and conhas been installing cold-shrink splices, which have performed
well, particularly in water-prone conditions. This splice design tractor workers to help restore service to customers followalso is less susceptible to workmanship failures because of its ing Sandy. Stated Schimmenti, We brought in underground
When Superstorm Sandy called.

N early 600 employees
Townsend answered.
assist in power restoration.

Townsend Tree Service deployed
nearly 600 employees and 350 pieces
of equipment to help electric utilities
in the eastern U. S. restore power to
millions of their customers.
Our experienced line clearance
crews from IN, KY, MI, MO, NC, SC
and GA proudly joined other tree
service companies in support of a
coordinated storm response effort.
Townsend Emergency Services
Visit www.townsendcorporation.com
for more information on Townsend
emergency storm response services.
Or, call toll free (800) 428-8128.
Townsend Tree Service
101 South Main Street
P.O. Box 128
Parker City, IN 47368
765-468-3007 Fax: 765-468-3131
19
Mark Testa, a Con Edison mechanic, works on a network protector.
mutual aid to assist in the pumping out of the manholes and

vaults, as well as changing out of network protectors. Crews
from as far west as California, as north as Canada, as far south
as Florida and Texas came in to give a hand.
While the damage and outages in Manhattan were ood
related, most of the damage in Westchester County was caused
by wind. Falling trees caused damage on some Westchester
circuits that was so devastating entire lines had to be rebuilt
from scratch. Circuits that would have taken two to three
months to build on a planned basis were replaced in three to
four days.
Looking at the overhead portions of the Con Edison service territory, more than 1,000 poles and 900 overhead transformers had to be replaced, more than ve times as many as
had been replaced in any previous storm.
Early on in the restoration, a major issue for Con Edison
was road closures and toppled trees, which affected 75% of the
utilitys overhead service territory.
The extensive damage on Staten Island proved to be both
wind and ood related. A number of houses in the coastal
communities were knocked off their foundations. Our Con
Edison energy service representatives worked side by side with
city inspectors and contractors. NYC launched a very successful initiative called NYC Rapid Repairs, said Schimmenti.
NYC Rapid Repairs was a huge fast-track effort to bring in
rebuild services providers to make homes livable. Services provided included the removal of sheet rock, as well as electrical
and plumbing work. Con Edison also worked with the city to
expedite the delivery of electricity to hotels under construction so the city could provide temporary housing for displaced
residents.
Con Edison restored service to more than 230,000 Manhattan customers. Systemwide, Con Edison restored service
to more than 1.1 million customers affected by Hurricane
Sandy and the snowy noreaster that followed the next week. It
brought about the largest storm-related-restoration campaign
in Con Edisons long history, and there is no close second.
Hurricane Irene, the second most devastating storm, knocked
just under 204,000 electric customers out of service.
20
SUPERSTORMSandy
Public Service Electric & Gas
uperstorm Sandy aka Hurricane Sandy

holds the dubious distinction of being the most
destructive storm in New Jersey-based PSE&Gs
109-year history, impacting twice as many customers as 2011s Hurricane Irene. In addition to leaving more than
1.9 million of PSE&Gs 2.2 million electric customers without
power, Sandys storm surge caused the Hudson, Hackensack
and Passaic rivers to overow their banks, causing unimaginable devastation to numerous switching stations, substations
and generating infrastructure.
Fortunately, the utility was prepared, pre-staging 1,300 outof-state line workers and 600 out-of-state tree contractors, as
well as their full complement of in-house personnel. The sheer
logistics of housing, feeding, busing and preparing work packets for the external crews challenged the logistics team. At the
height of the rebuild, more than 4,000 line workers, substation
experts and tree personnel were engaged in restoration.
There were 15 staging areas set up across the state, many
in shopping mall parking lots, where crews were dispatched,
trucks refueled, supplies restocked and box lunches dispensed. There were 55 hotels and 120 buses required to house
and transport the crews brought in to assist with restoration
efforts. From within PSE&G, more than 400 employees
from nance, procurement, IT, legal, human resources, corporate strategy and development, and energy holdings volunteered to distribute water and ice to impacted communities,
guard downed wires, and provide directions and logistics
assistance for out-of-town crews.
This was a tremendous team effort, said Ralph Izzo,
PSE&G chairman and CEO. People from throughout our
organization contributed in countless ways to the restoration,
working together with great devotion and resourcefulness

and, in many cases, under grueling conditions. Many customers have written to express appreciation. These well-deserved
commendations have heartened us all.
Mutual Aid
A huge, heartfelt thank you to the thousands of outof-state workers who came to PSE&Gs aid, going above
and beyond to help with our restoration efforts following
Superstorm Sandy. Without their help, we would not have
been able to accomplish the monumental task that Mother
Nature laid before us. We truly appreciate the hard work of
these companies and individuals.
Ralph LaRossa, president and COO, PSE&G
Arkansas: Entergy
Connecticut: Black & McDonald, McPhee Electric
Florida: Duke, Florida, Fishel Tampa, Florida Power & Light,
GRU Gainesville, Irby Construction, OnPower, Sunshine
Utilities, Tampa Electric
Georgia: Utilicon
Illinois: Ameren
Indiana: Henkels & McCoy
Kansas: Great Plains Energy, Kansas City Power & Light,
Westar Energy
Kentucky: LG&E/Kentucky, Louisville Power
Maryland: East Coast Underground, PEPCO
Minnesota: Minnesota Power
Mississippi: Entergy, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power
Missouri: Ameren, Kiowa
New Jersey: Allan Briteway Electrical Contractors
New Jersey/Pennsylvania: JBL Electric, Matrix SME
New Mexico: Public Service Company of New Mexico
New York: Harlan Electric Co., Welsbach Electric Corp.
North Carolina: Haynes Electric Co.
Ohio: Dayton Power, Duke Energy
Oklahoma: Oklahoma Gas & Electric
Pennsylvania: I.B. Abel, Duquesne, Pennsylvania Power and
Light, Riggs Distler
Pennsylvania/Ohio: Pike
Tennessee: Electric Service
Texas: Asplundh Line, CenterPoint Energy, Entergy Texas,
Oncor, Power Secure, T&D Solutions
Vermont: Green Power
Virginia: Davis Elliott Co.
West Virginia: American Electric Power
Wisconsin: Wisconsin Public Service
A picture is worth a thousand words.
22
SUPERSTORMSandy
In the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, a virtual army of PSEG employees as well as crews called in from other areas in anticipation of
the storm worked around the clock to restore service as quickly and safely as possible.
In the rst three days, PSE&G restored service to more

than 1 million customers. At the end of 10 days, the utility had
restored power to 96% of its customers. Then the noreaster
struck, causing additional outages. During the two-week restoration period, the utilitys customer call centers handled more
than 2.1 million calls, with PSE&G performing more than
2.1 million electric service restorations.
This was no ordinary hurricane, said LaRossa. Weve
dealt with high winds and heavy rain before, but the unprecedented storm surge and the impact it had on our switching
and substations as well as our gas distribution system was
something else entirely. We were essentially dealing with the
equivalent of two Hurricane Irenes. Add the snowy noreaster
nine days later, and we certainly had our hands full.
PSE&G undertook a massive effort to rebuild the 1,282
overhead and underground distribution circuits that had
been damaged. Crews replaced or repaired more than 2,400
utility poles and replaced 320 miles (515 km) of conductor.
Vegetation crews dealt with 48,000 tree jobs, a record number. In the service territory, crews replaced or repaired 1,022
transformers damaged during the storm. Of the utilitys 291
electric substations, 96 were impacted by the storm. Of this
total, 29 substations and switching stations were impacted by
storm surges.
A large number of substations were impacted by the tidal
surge of rivers in northern and central New Jersey. A wall of
water ranging from 4 ft to 8 ft (1.2 m to 2.4 m) high in-
undated facilities, including some that had never been submerged in their 50 to 75 years of operation. Damaged equipment had to be dried out and cleaned to get it back in service.
This took much painstaking work, making the restoration
even more complex.
During the storm, PSE&G operated several mobile customer service centers (CSCs) to lend a hand in communities
particularly hard hit. PSE&G volunteers staffed locations in
Elizabeth, West Orange, Burlington, Hoboken, Paramus,
While checking locations for water, crews took precautions such as

using sandbags to help divert water from the substation equipment.
23
SUPERSTORMSandy
Plaineld, Moonachie, Jersey City and Newark. The CSCs provided ice, drinking water, food and power strips for recharging devices free of charge to PSE&G customers. The utility
was joined at some of these locations by disaster relief groups,
including the Red Cross and FEMA. Other community and
charitable groups used the mobile CSCs to distribute donations of food, blankets and other emergency supplies.
Sandy and the increased frequency of extreme weather
events may now dene a new normal, LaRossa said. All
the conclusions wont emerge in one day. But, its clear that
we will need to continue strengthening our infrastructure to
ensure safe, reliable energy for our customers long into the
future. Many options need to be examined from ways to
build more redundancy and resiliency into our system, to the
use of other two-way communications tools, to revisiting our
tree-trimming practices. And this hardly exhausts the list of
possible improvements worth exploring.
For example, even before Sandy struck, PSE&G had purchased land to build a new substation in Newark, but inland,
away from nearby waterways. The utility is investing several
billion dollars in transmission enhancements to maintain
reliability. Other steps include evaluating tree-trimming programs, working with municipal leaders to possibly relocate
poles and lines that run through backyards to the curb and
determining whether it makes sense to bury some overhead
lines to increase reliability.
Our employees have been a steadying force and reassuring presence in being there to care for people and give them
hope that life would return to normal, Izzo said. I cannot
say enough about our employees who worked tirelessly on behalf of customers, though the storm impacted their own homes
and families, too. And, we are so grateful for the assistance from
the more than 4,000 workers who came here from across the
U.S. and Canada. Thank you for going the extra mile.
Plan Development, Review & Audit

Training & Plan Implementation
Storm Restoration Plans

Storm Role Process Development
Drills & Exercises

eLearning Course Development
Post Event Debriefs / Reviews
Standard Operating Procedures

Incident Command System (ICS) Training
Staff Augmentation
As soon as the winds subsided to below 40 mph, crews worked tirelessly to restore customers as quickly and safely as possible.
keep your next emergency from becoming a disaster

Not every utility has the experience,
the plan or the resources necessary to
prepare for disasters that may be
infrequent but potentially devastating.
EPP offers a wide range of services that
will help your organization plan, prepare
for and mitigate the disruptions caused
by severe storms, hazards and other
potentially critical incidents.
609-704-0266 EmergencyPreparednessPartnerships.com
24
ALL NATURAL DISASTERS RAISE

THE SAME QUESTION.
WHENS MY POWER COMING BACK ON?
No one has taught us more about dealing with disasters than Sandy, Irene and Katrina. And we know that until
your customers are up and running, the blame falls less on Mother Nature and more on you. This is what drives
us to be the leaders before, during and after emergency outage events. From customized storm kits to strong
relationships with top manufacturers to warehouses standing by across the country, our team is ready. While we
cant predict the weather, we can guarantee one thing: what you need, where you need it and when you need it.
hdsupplypowersolutions.com
SUPERSTORMSandy
FirstEnergy
urricane Sandy ranks as the most damaging event FirstEnergy has faced thus
far. The storm affected more customers than Hurricane Irene combined
with an October 2011 snowstorm, and more than
twice as many customers as last summers derecho (a
straight-line windstorm associated with a fast-moving
band of severe thunderstorms). In fact, FirstEnergy
considered this storm along the same order as Hurricane Katrinas magnitude. By the time the winds died
down and the oodwaters receded, Sandy had crossed
every single state FirstEnergy serves and impacted nearly every
service territory, ultimately disrupting service to more than
2.47 million FirstEnergy customers.
Hurricane-force winds and rains hammered FirstEnergy
territories in New Jersey, Pennsylvania and parts of Maryland.
FirstEnergy utilities in western Maryland and parts of West
Virginia found themselves blanketed with heavy snowfall, upward of 2 ft (0.6 m) in some areas and facing winds in excess
of 50 mph (80 kmph). In Ohio, FirstEnergy experienced high
winds and rains along the Lake Erie shoreline.
Following is a breakdown of the customers who lost power
due to Hurricane Sandy per FirstEnergy utility: 1.2 million
JCP&L customers in New Jersey were affected, followed by
445,000 CEI/Ohio Edison customers in Ohio. In Pennsylvania, 440,000 Met-Ed, Penelec and West Penn Power customers lost power. Service disruptions also were experienced by
Hurricane Sandy dumped almost 24 inches of snow in some parts

of West Virginia and Maryland, which hampered restoration efforts
for FirstEnergys Mon Power and Potomac Edison utilities. Multiple
Mon Power crews are shown here making repairs as far as the eye
can see along a state highway in Bowden, West Virginia.
146,000 Potomac Edison customers in Maryland and 36,000

Mon Power customers in West Virginia.
FirstEnergy responded to the catastrophic destruction
caused by Sandy with the largest mobilization of crews, equipment, material and support in the companys history. While
the regional dispatch ofces of FirstEnergys utilities directed
local restoration efforts, FirstEnergys emergency operations
center at its Akron, Ohio, headquarters coordinated the overall restoration effort.
More than 20,000 workers made up of FirstEnergy utility
employees, other utility personnel and contractors joined the
massive restoration effort. Linemen, hazard responders, damage assessors, and other service and support personnel engaged in restoration efforts. Companywide, crews responded
to more than 50,000 reports of lines down and other hazards.
Nearly 64,000 trees were cut during the restoration effort,
30,000 damaged crossarms were replaced,
10,000 utility poles were replaced, 6,400 transformers were replaced and 930 miles (1,497
km) of wire were hung.
Overall, FirstEnergys three customer contact centers received 1.5 million outage calls,
the most ever taken in a single restoration
event. In the face of many challenges, crews
restored service to more than half of affected
FirstEnergy customers within three days and
two-thirds of customers within ve days. More
than 95% of customers in Pennsylvania, Ohio,
West Virginia and Maryland had their lights
back on by Nov. 5.
This pace of response requires plans to fall
into place and be properly executed. FirstEnergy set up mobile command centers in strategic locations to coordinate restoration efforts
and established 14 staging areas to house and
supply the inux of out-of-town crews.
The extensive ooding and storm surge brought on by Hurricane Sandy resulted in a
Perhaps the most critical element in a largesmall navy of boats surrounding a JCP&L substation in Avon, New Jersey. The boats
scale
restoration event and the most chalhad to be removed before crews could access the site.
26
SUPERSTORMSandy
lenging is obtaining the necessary boots on the ground.
To address large-scale outages, securing outside utility crews,
electrical contractors and tree contractors can be quite difcult as all impacted utilities are chasing the same pool of talent.
FirstEnergy worked with mutual-aid assistance groups MidAtlantic Mutual Assistance, the New York Mutual Assistance
Group, Southeastern Electric Exchange and Great Lakes Mutual Assistance to bring in sufcient crews to tackle the historic rebuild effort in a timely manner. Workers were recruited
from more than 30 states and Canada, coming from as far
away as Oregon and California.
As part of the restoration process, 13 helicopters ying
10,000 miles (16,093 km) performed aerial patrols on the utilitys transmission, subtransmission and distribution system.
Crews worked 16 hours on with 8 hours mandatory rest until
the job was done. And, most importantly, despite challenging
work conditions, no signicant safety incidents occurred.
Throughout the restoration process, FirstEnergy made
a concerted effort to keep customers and public ofcials apprised of restoration activities and progress. Using social
media, media relations, paid advertising and website postings,
FirstEnergy emphasized safety messages and provided updates on the storm-restoration process to its customers. The
media relations team responded to more than 1,600 calls,
participated in live TV and radio interviews, and provided key
information about the restoration effort. FirstEnergy also provided interactive outage maps on its website and used Twitter
to communicate with customers before, during and after the
storm.
Communications with key state personnel were vital to the
successful restoration effort. In New Jersey, FirstEnergy provided regular outreach to local ofcials, the Board of Public
Utilities (BPU), legislators and the governor, including participation on twice-daily calls with the BPU president and governor. In Ohio, daily communications were provided to the
governor, the public utility commission (PUC) chairman and
the mayor of Cleveland. In Pennsylvania, regular outreach
was provided to local ofcials, the PUC, the general assembly
and the governors staff, including participation on daily calls
with the PUC chairman and governors staff. In Maryland, frequent status updates to Gov. Martin OMalley and his energy
advisor included helicopter tours of storm-ravaged Garrett
County to show damaged electrical infrastructure.
Potomac Edison and state and local emergency management ofcials closely coordinated recovery activities such as
clearing roads of downed live wires so crews could safely plow.
In addition, across FirstEnergys service areas, utility management worked with public ofcials to ensure the countys
polling places would have electrical service for the national
election.
Jersey Central Power & Light
lthough all regions within FirstEnergy

suffered from the effects of Hurricane
Sandy, operating utility JCP&L was at the
center of the crosshairs of the storm. Similar to conditions the operating utility experienced during Hurricane Irene, JCP&L took a direct hit from the
Oct. 29-30 storm, inicting unprecedented damage
across the service territory. Sandy affected virtually every one of JCP&Ls 1.1 million customers. Overall, JCP&L
experienced more than 1.2 million interruptions as
many customers experienced multiple service outages.
JCP&L had returned service to 90% of affected customers before the Nov. 7 noreaster dumped more than
1 ft (0.3 m) of heavy, wet snow on parts of central New
Jersey, causing an additional 130,000 outages. Power was
restored to all JCP&L customers who could receive service by the Nov. 10-11 weekend.
FirstEnergys company meteorologists forecasted early
on that JCP&L would be the hardest-hit service territory,
prompting the decision to prestage 1,400 line personnel
in New Jersey prior to the storms arrival. This included
425 JCP&L linemen, additional FirstEnergy personnel from sister operating utilities, contractor crews and
Prior to the storm, JCP&L took many proactive steps to try and
minimize the anticipated impact of Sandy. For example, crews reinforced dozens of JCP&L substations with sandbags, including
this substation in Morristown, New Jersey.
27
SUPERSTORMSandy
Once the high winds and storm surge subsided, JCP&L personnel needed to do signicant cleanup just to access and assess the damage
at many substations, including this one in Sea Bright, New Jersey. The debris gathered in this yard includes remnants of a roof, a residential
propane tank, sheets of plywood and even a football helmet.
mutual-aid assistance crews along with 1,200 forestry workers.

The utility also took action ahead of the storm to help minimize the storms expected impact. Waterways near substations
in New Jersey were inspected and debris that could be driven
into equipment in the event of ooding was removed. Crews
also placed sandbags around substations most susceptible to
ooding.
Once Hurricane Sandy made landfall, crews throughout
the service area had to wait until whipping winds died down so
bucket trucks could operate safely. Downed trees and branches made many roads impassable. To get a handle on the damage, JCP&L had helicopter crews patrol and assess storm damage to power lines.
Forestry crews worked to remove debris so linemen could
access trouble spots to make the necessary repairs. Crews responded rst to hazardous situations and high-priority damage locations, including the transmission and substation facilities that supply power to local distribution systems.
Among the hardest hit by Hurricane Sandy were the long,
slender barrier islands that protect New Jerseys coastline. Before Sandy struck land, JCP&L proactively shut down power to
customers on the islands in Monmouth and Ocean counties,
28
which were one mandatory evacuation order, to protect public

safety. The utility de-energized substations serving the islands
remotely, before high tide, to protect equipment and speed
restoration efforts once the storm had passed. Local ofcials
and law enforcement were notied in advance and helped to
coordinate the timing.
To restore power to JCP&Ls 1.2 million customers, a total
of 13,800 line workers, hazard responders, forestry workers,
call center representatives, management and support personnel participated in the storm response. To handle the logistics,
JCP&L set up nine staging areas to house and supply the inux of crews from states as far away as California and Oregon.
The sheer volume of materials required for the rebuild
was massive. JCP&L replaced 6,700 utility poles and 19,200
crossarms damaged by the storm. In addition, 3,600 transformers were replaced and more than 400 miles (644 km) of
overhead conductor wire were installed.
While the restoration effort from Hurricane Sandy was
massive and completed in a timely fashion, the work is not yet
done. FirstEnergy and the industry as a whole will continue
to review storm practices to see what enhancements can be
made.
ALWAYS
PREPARED.
Delivered over
3.8 million
products to
16 states
Shipped over 3
million pounds
of products
Storm orders
can be shipped
within 24
hours or less
S U P E R S TO R M
S A N DY
When Sandy ravaged the Northeast, Hubbell Power Systems took action.
Prior to Sandy making landfall, HPS ramped up production of critical
items and worked around-the-clock to fulll orders. When communication
matters most, rely on Hubbell Power Systems for the products you need.
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SUPERSTORMSandy
Connecticut Light & Power
ocated on Long Island Sound, CL&P customers

are regularly exposed to natures fury including
last autumns Hurricane Sandy. The combined effects of Sandy and the trailing Noreaster resulted
in more than 850,000 of CL&Ps 1.2 million customers experiencing power outages. Weather conditions brought on by
Sandy included winds up to 85 mph (137 kmph) and recordhigh tides.
For CL&P, the devastation of this storm was similar to
Hurricane Irene in August 2011, which knocked out power
to 670,000 of its customers. In the year following Hurricane
Irene, CL&P underwent signicant improvements to its emergency preparedness and response plan, and Sandy provided
the rst real-life exercise of that revised plan. The result was
a strong storm performance, executed with support from
CL&Ps sister companies and utilities across the United States.
In anticipation of Sandys landfall, CL&P prestaged both
contract and its line personnel. Multiple staging areas supported the strategic deployment of people and materials
to the hardest-hit areas. Safety professionals were assigned
throughout the service territory to ensure safe restoration,
while hundreds of additional personnel were dispatched to
guard downed power lines.
CL&P maintained contact with the New England Mutual
Aid Group and the New York Mutual Aid Group to secure
mutual-aid assistance. Because Mid-Atlantic and New England

utilities were signicantly affected by the storm, they were
unable to release resources at the outset of the restoration.
CL&Ps sister utilities under parent company Northeast
Utilities were able to send crews to Connecticut once they
completed their own restorations. Together, Public Service
of New Hampshire, Western Massachusetts Electric Co. and
NSTAR provided CL&P with 239 line personnel. CL&P also
was able to obtain an additional 2,695 line personnel from
other utilities and contractors to aid in the restoration. External support personnel included private sources of electricians,
patrollers, downed-wire guards and service personnel.
In preparation for the storm, CL&P contacted logistics vendors to prepare staging areas, ensure the utilitys mobile com-
Manpower Resources Deployed During Restoration

CL&P
351 personnel
Public Service New Hampshire
90 personnel
Western Massachusetts Electric Co.
43 personnel
NSTAR
106 personnel
Mutual aid and line contractors
1,626 personnel
NU support personnel
3,250 personnel
External support personnel
CL&P crews remove a tree resting on distribution lines in Greenwich, Connecticut.
30
2,695 personnel
Tree contractors
620 personnel
mand center was operational and

conrmed support staff storm
assignments. In addition, helicopters were secured for storm
damage reconnaissance.
Incident Commander Ken
Bowes, CL&P vice president of
energy delivery services, opened
the emergency operation center at 6 a.m. on Sunday, Oct. 28,
and he maintained close contact
with the system operations center
throughout the storm.
CL&P handled more than
661,836 customer calls. Of that
total, the interactive voice response system processed calls
from 388,178 customers, while
314 customer service representatives answered 213,815 calls. The
average speed of the answering
of all calls received during the
storm event was 6.5 seconds.
SUPERSTORMSandy
Crews from Kansas City Power & Light replace a broken pole and make repairs to multiple sections of distribution lines in southwest
Connecticut.
The distribution supervisory control and data acquisition

system remained operational during the rebuild. The system
logged 130,506 alarms and 6,176 operator commands from
distribution system operators.
All areas of CL&Ps service territory received damage. Falling limbs and trees took down entire sections of poles, wires
and associated equipment.
Damage to the CL&P system was quite severe. During the
rebuild, 1,727 CL&P poles and 1,036 AT&T poles were replaced. In addition, 2,198 transformers were replaced. More
than 100 miles (161 km) of new conductor was installed along
with 4,745 crossarms. All of this work was completed without a
major safety incident.
The outage system also provided information to the incident command center, which was then used for facilitating
dispatch and restoration planning. On the CL&P system, 779
circuits were affected, with a total of 204 feeders locked out.
Total outage causes were reported to be 16,460.
CL&P did not encounter major issues in setting up crew
staging areas, providing housing (mostly in hotels) or obtaining equipment and supplies. In fact, the utility had purchasing
agents to handle the supply chain. To keep crews in the eld,
vehicles were fueled at night from mobile tankers.
CL&P had 300 downed-wire crews ready to respond quickly
when called to ensure lines were de-energized before roads

and streets were cleared of downed trees and debris.
One particular initiative paid great customer satisfaction
dividends. Typically, utilities work the feeder backbone rst,
then side taps and then catch individual trouble calls from
customers with down service drops. Instead, CL&P decided
to tackle down service drops immediately and simultaneously
with circuit restoration using contracted electricians, so that
when distribution circuits were energized, all customers on
the circuit would have power.
According to President and COO Bill Herdegen, CL&P
contracted with 700 licensed electricians and 350 electrical
contractors to work through each neighborhood, making
Outage Causes
Circuit breakers
Fuses
Reclosers
Service
Switches
Tranformers
Other
Grand total
280
5,404
990
7,398
289
1,768
323
16,460
31
SUPERSTORMSandy
Customers affected (thousand)
Through the public information

team, we ensured consistent messages were available to our customers
500
via direct communication, media
400
and social media. We also provided
consistent updates to key stakehold300
ers, such as government leaders and
200
town ofcials.
CL&P created quite a few initia100
tives to enhance storm preparedness after lessons learned from
0
10/29 10/30 10/31 11/01 11/02 11/03 11/04 11/05 11/06 11/07 11/08
Hurricane Irene in 2011. But none,
00:00 00:00 03:00 03:00 03:00 05:00 05:00 09:00 09:00 10:00 10:00
perhaps, had a bigger impact than
Date and time (2012)
the strategy employed to improve
communications and response at
Customer restoration following Superstorm Sandy for Oct. 29 through Nov. 8, 2012.
the individual city level.
Rod
Kalb
eisch,
CL&Ps
director of system operations and
temporary xes to secondary circuits including damaged
mastheads and down wire so that all customers would be with also the deputy incident commander, shared that CL&P had
made signicant enhancements to the front-end visualization
service when the distribution circuits were reenergized.
The CL&P communications team was responsible for pro- screens of its Oracle outage management system so that the
viding accurate, timely and consistent messaging. CL&Ps company could not only access but also visually share discrete
Public Information Ofcer Janine Saunders explained, outage data, both internally and externally. And because
CL&P already had Telogis tracking devices in all of its eld
vehicles and had placed additional Telogis units into to all foreign line and vegetation vehicles coming into its service territory, the utility could track the location and status of all crews
working in the eld at all times and display crew locations on
the visualization screens.
According to Liaison Ofcer Michael Haeich, Liaison
personnel were assigned to each of the 149 Connecticut cities
that CL&P serves. With discrete crew location and outage location data, CL&P representatives were able to give real-time
updates to city ofcials throughout their service territory.
CL&P also assigned a minimum of one line and one tree-trimming crew to each municipality in its service territory to assist
in clearing electrical hazards.
Local ofcials appreciated that they were not only continuously updated on progress with storm restoration, but they
also could be a part of the restoration decisions made at the
city level.
CL&P municipal liaisons could show municipal ofcials
on local maps exactly where crews were working. This paid
dividends when a representative was asked why crews were not
working on their city streets. He or she could pull up a local
map on a laptop and point to crews working on nearby feeder
circuits, and even drive out with city representatives to meet
the crews and show what progress was being made to get power
into the city.
This strategy is quite impressive in that it not only provides
immediate information and feedback, but it also keeps local
ofcials in the loop on remedial actions taken.
CL&P has sophisticated information technology systems
in place to respond to both blue-sky and inclement-weather
situations, and is committed to improve processes and comLine crews transfer equipment from a damaged pole to a new struc- munications links, so it will be even more prepared when the
next disaster strikes.
ture in southwest Connecticut.
32
600
In Good Times and In Bad

We Help Make Electric Power Safer, More
Reliable, and More Economical
When communities are exposed to the destructive forces of
nature, safe electric power becomes a lifeline. During these
difficult times, rapid response and flexibility are critical.
Thats why SEL responds to natural disasters by discounting
all of our products and services destined for natural disaster
relief. We also expedite delivery of all products and services
to help restore electric power as quickly as possible. In good
times and in bad, SEL is there for you.
To learn more about the best solutions, support, and warranty
in the industry, visit www.selinc.com/disasterdiscount.
SUPERSTORMSandy
Wall Erected to Protect South End Substation

By Jeffrey S. Franson, Connecticut Light & Power
As Hurricane Sandy was churning its way up
the East Coast, utilities in southern New England were in the nal steps of preparing for the
worst of the storm and hoping for the best.
Weather forecasters predicted the timing of
the strongest winds to coincide with very high
tides, which would contribute to widespread
ooding along Connecticut shoreline communities. While closely monitoring the forecasts days
in advance of the storms arrival, Connecticut
Light & Power (CL&P) began staging crews and
protecting facilities located near Long Island
Sound.
Substations near the shore were a speAbout 12 hours before the rst effects of Sandy hit Connecticut, CL&P civil
engineers drafted plans for a temporary concrete block wall to protect the
cial concern because the corrosive effects of
exposed sides of the South End Substation in Stamford. Two independent
seawater could knock a facility out for days or
crane crews assembled 600 blocks into a two-tiered wall. As sections of the
even weeks. De-watering underground conduits wall were completed, follow-up crews sealed the seams between the blocks
with insulating expandable foam and then covered the entire block structure
that carry control cables, and decontaminating
with plastic sheeting for additional waterproong. Construction of the wall
and refurbishing aboveground switchgear and
was completed in 12 hours.
circuit breakers is a time-consuming task.
One primary concern was CL&Ps South End Substation, located in Stamford, Connecticut. This 115-kV substation serves
tens of thousands of customers in the citys center, where emergency services, the city hall and a nancial district are located.
With the South End Substation just blocks from Long Island Sound, in a low-lying area, it quickly rose to the top of the
corrective actions list for facilities at risk of serious damage from Sandy. Based on updated weather predictions, it became
apparent the south end of the city could be threatened by the multiple high tides during a full moon, making the forecast
even more ominous.
With two sides of the substation built into the side of a hill and well protected, the other two sides, at street level, were
vulnerable. CL&P engineers brainstormed options and came to the creative conclusion of building an unprecedented 6-ft
(1.8-m) cement wall around the substation to protect it from any potential storm damage.
On the evening of Oct. 28, 2012, about 12 hours before the rst effects of Superstorm Sandy were expected to be felt in
Connecticut, CL&P civil engineers drafted plans for a temporary concrete block wall to protect the exposed sides of the substation. Concurrently, CL&P system project team members contacted local construction and crane companies to determine
whether resources were available to build such a wall.
The following day, wind speeds began to increase from Hurricane Sandy, and all employees were activated to storm duty,
some of whom were reassigned to work with construction contractors to begin assembling the block wall at 6 a.m.
On the morning of Oct. 29, a state of emergency was declared in Connecticut, limiting travel on I-95 to emergency and
essential services, which reduced trafc and allowed for faster delivery of the blocks from the concrete plant to the job site.
Additionally, assembly time was saved with an efcient work process developed by the project managers on-site. Crews
started building the wall at the lowest corner of the substation (at the intersection of Atlantic and Pacic streets). Once the
corner was constructed, the crew was split to facilitate two independent crane crews who worked their way down each side
of their respective fence lines, assembling a total number of 600 blocks into a two-tiered wall. As sections of the wall were
completed, follow-up crews sealed the seams between the blocks with insulating expandable foam, and then the entire block
structure was covered with plastic sheeting for additional waterproong.
The construction of the wall was completed in 12 hours (at 6 p.m.), about three hours ahead of schedule and about six
hours ahead of the rst storm tide.
Two high-volume water pumps were installed to evacuate any water from the underground conduits, which carry the highvoltage cable from the substation to the underground network system. Crews staffed the South End Substation during the
high tides to monitor conditions and take action if needed.
While the oodwaters were less severe than predicted and never reached the substation, the extraordinary effort to build
the wall was a prudent step to prevent outages and a valuable learning opportunity. New England weather can be uncertain
and severe, and it is CL&Ps goal to be prepared for whatever threat Mother Nature may bring to the system.
34
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SUPERSTORMSandy
Partners Respond
In the face of adversity, our industry perseveres.
By Rick
Bush, Editorial Director, and Gene Wolf, Technical Writer
hen the wind and waves from Superstorm

Sandy crashed along the East Coasts Atlantic shores, the electric utilities supply chain
of workers, materials and supplies experienced enormous strain. Without hesitation, vendor partners
and service providers ramped up to meet the need. Working
together, the industry persevered.
In the days prior to the superstorms landfall, manufacturers, contractors, tree trimmers, electric utility workers and
suppliers geared up for the storm. While utilities in the storms
path activated their emergency-response plans, mobilized
their employees, contacted their mutual-assistance networks
and battened down their systems, their partners also swung
into action, activating their emergency-response teams to
move troops and materials.
These contractor and vendor teams set up communications
networks between their various divisions and the utilities,
which ensured all requests for materials could be expedited.
Factories, warehousing systems and transportation facilities
were properly staffed to meet the impending demand.
These responders put their lives on hold for weeks to remove trees, trim limbs, and rebuild transmission and distribution systems in the storm-ravaged area. Incoming contract
L.E. Myers Co. (a subsidiary of MYR Group Inc.) journeymen linemen

Greg Tator Huling and Tom Pender check on the repair sleeves
theyll need to x a section of wire for Central Maine Power that was
brought down by Hurricane Sandy along Town Landing Road in
Falmouth, Maine, on Oct. 31, 2012.
36
crews and line crews from other utilities formed long convoys
trekking to the storm areas through high winds and drenching rains. They knew that millions of people in the storms
path would be depending on them to restore power.
The Edison Electric Institute estimated that more than
67,000 line workers, tree trimmers, engineers, technicians and
support personnel came from all corners of the country to restore power in the affected area. Utility workers and contractors came in waves from more than 41 states and from Ontario
and Qubec in Canada.
Line contractors and tree-trimming crews including
Henkels & McCoy, Quanta Services, MYR Group, UtiliCon
Solutions Ltd., Michels Power, Asplundh Tree Expert Co.,
Davey Tree Expert Co., Townsend Corp. and many others
were heading into the storm when everyone else was heading
away from it.
Tens of Thousands of Crews

Quanta deployed more than 600 crews with associated
line and bucket trucks to work for 12 utility customers in nine
storm-impacted states, where they worked to restore electrical
infrastructure damaged by Sandy. Quantas North American
footprint allowed for resources to be driven and own in from
as far away as California and the Pacic Northwest, including Canada. Crews consisted of transmission and distribution
personnel, storm assessors and substation support.
Approximately 500 personnel from Henkels & McCoys
east and central regions were dispatched to restore power
for multiple utilities across New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, New York and West Virginia. Its restoration
and cleanup effort involved the deployment of 352 pieces of
equipment, including aerial-lift devices, digger derricks, pole
trailers, backyard machines, dozers, dump trucks and boom
trucks.
Henkels & McCoy personnel put their lives aside to travel
and help with the restoration effort. Ryan Crull, director of
central region power operations of Henkels & McCoy, said,
Im grateful for these individuals giving their time to help
restore some form of normalcy to the lives of residents affected by Hurricane Sandy. Im also very proud of these crews for
braving the harsh conditions and working long hours, all the
while getting through the restoration effort injury-free.
Ahead of Hurricane Sandys landfall, the construction
SUPERSTORMSandy
Henkels & McCoy crews repair a damaged distribution circuit along an important transmission right-of-way.
subsidiaries of UtiliCon Solutions Ltd. brought in more than

400 additional line workers, but it was quickly apparent more
crews would be needed to help restore power. UtiliCons storm
personnel peaked at more than 1,100, which included 700 additional employees who were brought in from UtiliCon operations as far away as Louisiana to assist 16 different utilities that
had requested help. As the crews nished restoration on utilities less affected by Sandys wrath, many of them migrated to
harder-hit utilities in northern New Jersey and Long Island,
New York.
Despite long hours, strange food and accommodations,
missing out on Election Day and working in a snowy noreaster
on Nov. 7, 2012, UtiliCon employees completed their work
safely, and most made it home in time for Thanksgiving with
their loved ones.
Michels Power came to the aid of four longtime utility customers to help restore power in the wake of the hurricanes
crushing blow. Michels deployed 244 crew members and more
than 200 pieces of equipment to Rhode Island, Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania, New York and New Jersey in the days immediately before and after Hurricane Sandys strike. Brett Hurlburt,
northeast region senior manager for Michels Power, who coordinated the storm-response effort, stated, It took a full divisional effort from our operations on the West Coast, in the
Midwest and on the East Coast.
Michels Power crews arriving on the East Coast typically
would start the restoration effort at a substation and follow
the entire circuit to power nearby areas. Michels Power Vice
President Mark Harasha said, Crews contended with downed
lines, downed polls, and blown conductors and transformers.

They also worked on high-voltage transmission lines.
MYR Group deployed hundreds of its T&D troops some
from as far away as Colorado to assist with storm restoration. These storm-restoration crews provided service for eight
utilities in 11 states in the Northeast. MYR Group President
A Harlan Electric (a subsidiary of MYR Group Inc.) lineman works to

restore power to Long Island Power Authority customers in Garden
City, New York.
37
SUPERSTORMSandy
A Osmose Utility Services storm assessor inspects damage along a backlot line.
different utilities from Virginia to Massachusetts who requested extra help. As the crews
nished restoration on utilities less affected by
Sandys wrath, many of them migrated to hardhit utilities in northern New Jersey and Long
Island.
Lewis Tree Service worked 20 consecutive
days starting on Oct. 26 to assist in the power
restoration and cleanup efforts. Lewis Tree
Service mustered 1,127 tree working crews including alliance partner crews, which totaled
2,923 workers including alliance partners.
Much of the work was around the clock with
16-hour days put in by many workers who
served 27 utility customers in New Jersey, New
York, Delaware, Connecticut, Maine, Vermont,
Maryland, West Virginia and Ohio. Despite the
long hours, no injuries were reported during
the rebuild.
Doug Roof, senior vice president and COO
led the Lewis utility operations team, overseeing the companys storm-ready command and
control processes to coordinate the response
Bill Koertner noted, We appreciate the understanding of our

customers outside the storm area who allowed our crews to
leave their existing projects to assist with the restoration.
MDR Powerline Construction traveled from Columbia,
Mississippi, to the Northeastern Seaboard to help. We had
13 crews ready, but we needed the proper tools to outt the
extra crews, said MDRs Travis Bond. Altec was there with a
solution when we needed it most. To get the right tools, Bond
and his team made a stop at Altec Supply in Birmingham, Alabama, to get the tools and supplies they needed, which varied
from hydraulic drills to road signs.
Osmose Utilities Services began receiving calls from many
electric utilities in the Northeast a week before Hurricane
Sandys landfall. The calls were for storm-support personnel.
In total, Osmose deployed hundreds of personnel to 10 Northeastern utilities in eight states. Two-man crews arrived on the
scene in advance of the storm, prepared to begin assessment
and sight safety patrols as soon as Sandy passed. Despite continued adverse weather and dangerous conditions, Osmose
crews worked 16-hour shifts for as many as 19 consecutive days,
engaging in damage assessment, clearing debris, sight safety,
and logistical and staging center support.
Tree Crews Respond

Ahead of Sandys landfall, Asplundh helped utilities by mobilizing an extra 2,500 tree workers, but it was quickly apparent that many more crews would be needed to help clear trees
and restore power. This massive storm had left more than
8 million utility customers without power in the densely populated Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic states. At the peak of
Asplundhs response, more than 4,900 tree workers had been
sent in from 23 different states, the farthest being from Arizona as well as three Canadian provinces. They assisted 22
38
On Long Island, an Asplundh tree crew clears a tree leaning on a

distribution line. Photo by Greg Messick, Asplundh Region 29.
SUPERSTORMSandy
to the calls for help. Several Lewis customers used Clearion
tracking and project management software to manage the
storm cleanup.
Wright Tree Service sent 81 crews more than 200 employees to New York and New Jersey to help with the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy and the noreaster that followed.
Crews worked for nearly three weeks to clear vegetation so utilities could restore infrastructure and power to the more than
8 million people affected by the storm. The 81 bucket truck
and climbing crews were released from utilities in ve states:
Texas, Illinois, Missouri, Michigan and Indiana. During major
disasters, our mission to make positive differences in the communities we serve takes on even more
signicance, said Scott Packard, Wright
Tree Service chairman and CEO.
Townsend Corp., headquartered in
Parker City, Indiana, provided tree service crews to seven electric utilities in
Connecticut, Long Island, Delaware,
Massachusetts, New Jersey, West Virginia and Virginia. Townsend crews peaked
at nearly 600 employees with 350 pieces
of equipment drawn from bases in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, the
Carolinas and Georgia.
BPA airlifted tools, equipment, line trucks and bucket trucks in U.S.
Air Force C-5s and C-17s from Washington state to assist utilities in
the rebuild of utilities in New Jersey.
Electric Utilities Unite

Utilities from all across the U.S. and
Canada sent crews to assist in the rebuild. Crews came from city, state, rural
and investor-owned utilities. Union and
non-union alike assisted in the rebuild.
One of the furthest located utilities to respond was Bonneville Power
Administration (BPA) located in the
Pacic Northwest. More than 100 BPA
personnel and contractors answered
the call to get the lights back on in the
New Jersey area. BPAs line crews, electricians and other skilled professionals
have the highest level of expertise working on high-voltage transmission systems no one does it better, said Kim
Howell, regional manager for transmission eld services at BPA.
As part of the Department of Energys emergency response, BPA volunteered resources that most likely would
be needed in a disaster-recovery effort.
Among those deployed were maintenance transmission crews, a full barehand crew specialized in working with
energized lines, heavy mobile equipment mechanics and vegetation removal contractors.
Along with the volunteers, BPA sent
39
SUPERSTORMSandy
71 pieces of large equipment, ranging from utility trucks to
power generators and backhoes. BPA also coordinated with
Clark County Public Utility to move some of that utilitys
equipment and tools for a crew that had previously deployed.
The crews and equipment were deployed in three waves
from Joint Base Lewis-McChord near Olympia, Washington,
and Fairchild Air Force Base in Spokane, Washington. To
move the equipment required an intricate process of weighing, measuring and developing load plans to place each piece
precisely into the bellies of multiple C-5s and C-17s, huge cargo planes employed by the U.S. Air Force.
The BPA volunteers worked in coordination with the De-
40
partment of Energy and FEMA to restore power. Line workers

were deployed for the duration of the rebuild, not knowing
when they would return home.
After receiving the call from Con Edison, Vectren Corp.
staff located in Evansville, Indiana, departed for Flushing,
New York, to assist in the Sandy rebuild. One Vectren crew
was deployed along with several eld investigators. The eld
investigators assisted with logistical and planning needs in
the restoration efforts. This Vectren team joined nearly 57 of
Vectrens contractor line specialists and 20 tree-trimming
crews that were released to assist in the storm-restoration efforts. The Vectren employees worked 16-hour shifts for up to
10 days assisting in the rebuild of overhead circuits.
ComEd out of Chicago, Illinois, sent
underground specialists to assist in outage restoration to New York City utility
Con Edison. ComEd deployed a team of
48 top underground specialists to New
York to assist specically with the repair
of underground vaults that power the
citys skyscrapers. ComEd has a unique
in-house skill set for repairing these underground electrical systems, which are
typically only found in densely built urban environments, like Chicago or New
York, said Terence Donnelly, ComEds
executive vice president and COO.
This deployment came in addition to
the more than 900 ComEd and contractor personnel the utility sent to support
the power-restoration efforts in Philadelphia and Baltimore, which were both
in the direct path of Hurricane Sandy.
With more than 7 million people facing power outages on the East Coast, its
important to provide as much assistance
as we can, Donnelly said.
A Nebraska Public Power District
(NPPD) crew made up of 16 line technicians provided assistance to electric
utilities in West Virginia and New Jersey.
This effort was coordinated through the
Midwest Mutual Aid group composed of
various utilities in Nebraska, Kansas and
Missouri. Crew members, led by NPPD
Distribution Superintendent Dennis
Wademan of Scottsbluff, initially assisted Appalachian Power Co. in West Virginia in restoring power to more than
150,000 customers who were out of power due to blizzard conditions and heavy
snow. The NPPD team worked 16-hour
days with mandatory 8 hours of sleep
while assigned to restoration duty.
On Nov. 4, NPPDs crew was then
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reassigned to assist one of the hardest-hit utilities, Jersey Central Power & Light,
which still had hundreds of thousands of customers without power. In New Jersey,
the team was initially housed in a tent with 200 cots. On Nov. 7, they were relocated
to Flemington, New Jersey, 50 miles (80 km) from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. From
there, they moved into a semi-trailer converted into sleeping quarters.
John Humphrey, NPPDs transmission and distribution manager, said, Our
crews were very complimentary about the logistics and organization, with the exception of the fuel situation. When they fueled trucks, they were limited to approximately 50 gallons [190 liters] per vehicle, which was not enough to run all day. We
are extremely proud of this teams effort to go above and beyond their normal call
of duty, said NPPD President and CEO Pat Pope.
Approximately 65 Toronto Hydro employees headed south to New York and Massachusetts to assist in the rebuild over a 12-day period. The delegation comprised
of both overhead power line and underground distribution network trades people.
Some of the Toronto Hydro employees headed to assist Con Edison in repairing
underground systems in New York City, while others supported National Grid in repairing predominately overhead systems in New Jersey and Massachusetts. Toronto
Hydro crews ultimately restored power to thousands, working long hours in very
difcult conditions, often sleeping in their trucks.
We Energies sent DUECO/Utility Equipment Leasing Corp. rental trucks to New
York City. The utility had the trucks on rent prior to the storm and sent them to aid
in the effort. Trucks also needed maintenance during the restoration. DUECOs
Pennsylvania branch team members serviced trucks in Long Island, performing
repairs and maintenance following the wrath of Hurricane Sandy. In addition,
DUECOs 18 road service crews were all dedicated to maintaining the wide variety
of DUECO equipment engaged in the restoration effort, including digger derricks
and bucket trucks.
Safety First
It was apparent safety was at the forefront in the minds and hearts of the workers,
as reported incidents of accidents were few and minor. As a safeguard, many utilities had technologies available to their workers to make them safer when working in
chaotic or unfamiliar locations.
HD Electric, the manufacturer of the V-Watch personal voltage detectors, was
able to meet the needs of crews working in areas with downed power lines. Many
mutual-assistance crews were called in to mobilize and head toward the East Coast.
For those crews that did not have devices when they left their home bases, HD Electric shipped V-Watch orders via next-day air to assigned hotels or to the service centers where crews were assigned to report. One such instance, a major tree service
contractor purchased V-Watch devices for its crews and would not allow workers on
the job site until they received the devices via overnight delivery to their hotel.
In one particularly heartening story, a supervisor working for a nationally recognized contractor reported that he was wearing a V-Watch personal voltage detector
late at night working in a dark residential yard during the Sandy restoration when
the V-Watch he was wearing started beeping. He stopped and realized there was an
energized line directly in the path where he was walking; he never saw it or knew it
was there. It was a potentially lifesaving incident.
Equipment and Supplies to the Front

The utility and contract crews required tremendous logistic support in getting equipment, materials and supplies to the frontline. To keep the work owing
smoothly, affected utilities were desperate to keep workers on the job site with the
poles and transformers, fuses and lightning arresters, and myriad connectors and
hardware. Restoration efforts required materials and equipment to be delivered
each evening so the appropriate resources could be distributed at the crew level the
next day. This is where a proactive approach to supply chain comes into play, and
42
Lights on.
Calm restored.
Hurricane Sandy Response
510,519 man hours

1,127 crews
27 customers
11 states
0 injuries
Lewis Tree Service

Job Done Right
As the 2nd largest provider of utility vegetation
management services in North America, Lewis
Tree Service is a leader in safety, responsiveness
and innovation. Whether working around-theclock in a superstorm or reliably managing your
ongoing utility line clearing needs, you can count
on Lewis to get the job done right.
Company established in 1938
100% Employee-Owned
since 2000
To learn more, visit www.lewistree.com/storm

or call 800-333-1593
Remembering the victims of Hurricane Sandy
SUPERSTORMSandy
Modular Integrated Transportable Substation Speeds Power Recovery

Hurricane Sandy left much
of the upper East Coast
devastated by rain, wind and
rising tides. The residents of
Rockaway Beach, New York,
experienced the power of the
storm rsthand.
When Hurricane Sandy hit
Rockaway Beach, the storm
surge left the 53rd Street
Substation under 5.5 ft (1.6 m)
of water according to the local
power authority. The 53rd Street
Substation was an air-insulated
metal-clad design. When the
storm surge entered the metalclad switchgear, the result was
a substation so badly damaged
This MITS was placed on the site of a ooded Long Island substation to bring power back to a
by re and salt water that the
section of Rockaway Beach.
authorities soon recognized
that a quick replacement would be needed. The power authority contracts with a large northeastern utility to operate and
provide a wide range of electrical services within their territory. The utility recently had purchased a Cooper Power Systems
Modular Integrated Transportable Substation (MITS) to replace an aging substation for upstate New York, but realized that
the MITS was the ideal solution to help restore the power quickly at Rockaway Beach.
The MITS is well suited for this type of application for many reasons. First, it is completely prewired and tested at the factory, saving signicant time when installing the MITS in a disaster recovery effort. Secondly, the MITS is manufactured to use
the space as efciently as possible. The small footprint makes transporting the MITS, even in a disaster area, manageable
everything ts neatly on to one skid.
The MITS designed for service in upstate New York had a simple design with a 5 MVA power transformer to convert voltage from 34.5 kV to 13.2 kV. This unit also was equipped with a bank of three single-phase pad-mounted voltage regulators
to provide superior power quality, and a pad-mounted recloser for feeder protection. The entire MITS is powered by a small
single-phase power transformer that supplies 120 V power to the control systems integrated into the unit. This particular
MITS was even equipped with extra features such as built-in spill containment, telescoping ood lights and in-cabinet door
lights, which will be helpful for crews that are trying to restore power at night. The MITS design minimized installation time
since the equipment is securely bolted in place on a skid all the interconnections between devices are completed at the
factory. A MITS, once on site, can be safely energized in a matter of days instead of weeks or months. Cooper Power Systems
shipped the MITS directly to the damaged 53rd Street Substation on a dedicated truck. Local line crews worked with utility
engineers and operation personnel made connections between the damaged system and the MITS to restore power.
suppliers showed as much spunk and determination in doing

their part in the rebuild efforts as the frontline workers.
Hubbell Power Systems launched its Hubbell Emergency
Action Team to focus its storm effort. The company used its
distributors, suppliers and logistics partners to react quickly
to storm damage, shipping thousands of connectors, fuse
links, cutouts, pole hardware, insulators, arresters, anchors
and tools to rebuild the utility systems. Hubbell employees go
into 24/7 mode when major storm events occur. Working from
its Centralia, Missouri, headquarters, Hubbell Power Systems
provided more than 40,000 products needed by line workers
to restore the electric system to its pre-storm condition.
Cooper Power Systems maintains a designated storm re-
44
sponse that allows the company to streamline its response

for affected utilities to provide restoration supplies, including overhead transformers, fuses, connectors and protective
equipment. Five days prior to Sandy hitting the East Coast, the
company began contacting utility customers to better anticipate their needs. It maintained daily contact with customers
throughout the rebuild.
Many Cooper Power products are engineered to order and
typically require longer lead times. With emergency communications systems in place, exing manufacturing capacity, air
shipping material in from the companys global supply base,
and workers willing to put in extra hours to get the job done,
lead times on some of these products went from weeks to days.
SUPERSTORMSandy
G&W Electrics approach to Superstorm Sandy was really aged parts for Siemens devices along with vintage Allis-Chalmbusiness as usual as the company followed routine processes. ers switchgear from its warehouse and manufacturing facility
G&W is a major supplier of switchgear, reclosers and high- just outside of Raleigh, North Carolina, while also working
voltage cable terminations, and its customers include all the with strategic partners to have parts made on an emergency
major utilities affected by Hurricane Sandy. During and after basis and shipped directly to customers. Having this local footthe Sandy devastation, G&W had its 24-hour emergency con- print and expert knowledge enabled utilities to rely on their
tact service manned and ready, as it responded to requests own crews to efciently restore their assets.
ABB responded when notied that multiple switchgear,
for expedited deliveries of replacement product and service
relay houses, controls, transformers and other high-voltage
assistance.
S&C Electric, headquartered in Chicago, has a standard substation equipment were damaged by the ood throughout
process in place for responding to major storms. Once a storm the region. ABB employees provided equipment assessment
is deemed imminent, a task force comprised of local sales and corrective action guidance. Response teams, representpersonnel, internal customer support,
production and S&Cs services organization hold calls at least daily. The
storm-preparedness team assesses and
prioritizes local needs and ensures that
S&C expedites urgent requirements. In
the case of Hurricane Sandy, this team
was already in place the week before
the hurricane came ashore, shipping
product to the affected region before
the storm even hit to ensure needed replacement products were in place.
Once the storm hit, S&C personnel
from throughout the company worked
The rst step in effective storm restoration
nights, Saturdays and Sundays to fulis an accurate and efcient assessment of
ll storm-related product and other
support requirements, including fuse
the damage. Clearion Software provides
links, medium-voltage power fuses,
mobile, map-based technology for storm
source-transfer switchgear and circuit
damage assessment that will help your
switchers. In all cases, lead times were
reduced to a fraction of what a customutility pinpoint the outage locations, record
er would typically experience.
the needed repairs, prioritize storm crew
Similarly, General Electrics (GEs)
emergency response teams supported
activities, and better estimate time to
utility customers impacted by Hurrirestoration.
cane Sandy. In addition to providing
transmission and distribution equipment, GEs eld service engineers
To learn more, visit www.clearion.com/storm
helped utilities to evaluate and repair
water-damaged electrical equipment.
or email info@clearion.com.
Likewise, Siemens ramped up to
assist customers in their time of need.
Because of severe ooding, substation
equipment was particularly susceptible to signicant damage and utility customers needed replacement circuit breakers and replacement parts.
Switchgear situated in lower elevations
in substations sustained damage. Siemens responded by providing replacement parts, including linkages, strip
heaters, spring-charged motors and
secondary disconnects. Siemens was
a Lewis Tree Service Company
able to expedite delivery of the dam-
Damage Assessment Solutions

The First Step in Storm Restoration
45
SUPERSTORMSandy
working with utility maintenance crews to repair and upgrade
power delivery infrastructure. ABB employees in the Coral
Springs, Florida, facility worked nonstop over the weekends to
expedite key protective relays and switches. In the Lake Mary,
Florida, facility, manufacturing capacity was added to provide
quick-response lead times for customers needing outdoor circuit breakers, reclosers and switchgear.
ABB also leveraged the Thomas & Betts facilities in the region to provide resources and staging areas to assist customers
in their relief efforts.
Connector Products (CP) based in Cinnaminson, New Jersey, started receiving orders and ramping up manufacturing
ahead of the storm. Once the storm hit on Monday, Oct. 29,
all CP workers went to 12-hour shifts. Then, as the news reports and outage reports started rolling in, most workers dedicated 16-hour days to the cause for the next 13 days straight.
ABB personnel Tony Conte (left) and Fred Dungan inspect a ooded medium-voltage switchgear circuit breaker in Monmouth Beach
CP shipped more than 10,000 taps, 1,000 hot-line clamps and
Substation. ABB evaluated the switchgear and replaced all dam12,000 automatic splices to the region.
aged components.
Located in Southern New Jersey, CP was miraculously located
in a small grid that maintained power throughout the
ing each of the companys businesses, met daily to discuss the
needs of affected utilities, prioritize actions and coordinate emergency. The rst few days with major trucking operations
closed down because of power loss, the employees were delivthe response.
ABBs Pinetops, North Carolina, team worked around the ering product to emergency locations in their trucks at any
clock to produce and expedite shipment of thousands of fuse given time in the 24-hour day. The company also called in pricutouts. And across the region, ABB had more than 20 me- vate carriers throughout each day.
In Hastings, Michigan, the 75-plus employees at Hastings
dium- and high-voltage service technicians on the ground
Fiberglass Products worked around the
clock since utilities began calling. This
includes an around-the-clock effort at
a Hastings factory to meet orders for
ground clamp sets, and this after the
facility was ooded.
Hastings Fiberglass Products President David Baum explained, Our
companys small size and culture allows
a quick response in emergency situations. To respond to Superstorm Sandy, Hastings customers placed emergency orders for 600 of the companys
three-phase grounding cable sets. Most
of the cable sets are being delivered
with 1/0 and 2/0 cable.
Our employees really care about
their customers and really feel like

they are contributing and helping out a
desperate situation, said Larry Baum,
who continued. We have never seen
is our highest priority, family remains our foundation,
this kind of a rush before.
and the integrity that defined John wrights way of
IUS Technologies, a provider of
doing business keeps on. - scott d. packard, chairman & ceo
utility-grade voltage monitors and
smart sensors, tracked customer sentiment and the response efforts in the
aftermath of Hurricane Sandy and the
following noreaster. Millions of customers were without power for days or
1.800.882.1216 wrighttree.com
weeks, a situation IUS believes could
safety
46
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SUPERSTORMSandy
applications. Over the next two weeks,
more than 100 General Cable associates
across ve manufacturing facilities and
distribution centers worked in tandem
24 hours a day, seven days a week, to ship
more than 1,994 miles (3,209 km) of cable and conductors.
Wood Poles Are Key

to Restoration Efforts
Wood poles ooded the Sandy-affected areas. According to the Southern
Pressure Treaters Association (SPTA),
In the rst week after Sandys landfall,
24,600 wood poles and 59,000 wood
As part of FirstEnergys massive storm-restoration effort, the utility established 14 staging
crossarms were shipped by SPTA memareas across multiple states to assist with the logistical resupply efforts, including workers
bers. In the second week, another 24,400
shown here loading poles at Nockamixon State Park near Easton, Pennsylvania. Overall,
FirstEnergy utilities replaced more than 10,000 poles, 30,000 crossarms, 6,400 transformwood poles and 12,500 wood crossarms
ers and more than 930 miles of wire as a result of the damage caused by Hurricane Sandy.
were shipped. In total, SPTA reported
its
members
shipped
roughly 65,100 wood poles and 103,500
have been better managed by implementing smart grid senwood crossarms to utilities. Cox Industries, DIS-TRAN Wood
sors on the distribution feeders.
In cases where IUS Technologies VS1000 and VS3000 volt- Products and other SPTA wood pole providers took part in
age and current reporting devices were installed on three- the effort.
A deeper look into activities by Cox Industries paints a franphase distribution circuits, outages were pinpointed, which retic picture. A week before Hurricane Sandy hit, Cox Industries
sulted in quicker response times and lower outage durations.
made calls to customers in the Northeast to verify inventories
on hand at reload yards and manufacturing facilities. SourcOverhead Wire Is Essential
Southwire in Carrollton, Georgia, shipped in excess of ing materials also were notied, based on the class sizes nor1,193 miles (1,920 km) of cable to meet its customers needs mally used by Cox Industries customers. As expected, inventoin response to Superstorm Sandy. The majority of shipments ries were quickly depleted in distribution yards in New York,
were made up of bare aluminum conductor steel-reinforced Massachusetts and New Jersey, and in stock at Cox plants.
Treatment plants in New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina,
and 600-V service-drop items. To give an idea of the cable
shipped in the harder-hit areas, 454 miles (731 km) were South Carolina, Georgia and Alabama went to work 24/7 for
shipped to PECO, PSE&G, National Grid, Long Island Power the duration of the rebuild effort. By the end of the rst week
Authority, Iberdrola and Northeast Utilities along with ve after the storm, Cox Industries had shipped well over 250
trucks of DuraPine heavy-duty poles, distribution sizes from
major distributors in the area.
The west Georgia customer service center, the Carrollton 25 ft to 50 ft (7.6 m to 15.2 m) in class 1 to 7, and transmission
utility plant and the Kentucky plant all played major roles in sizes from 55 ft (16.7 m) to 90 ft (27.4 m) in class 1 to 3 and H1
responding to the conductor requests. Southwires experience to H6. In addition, Cox shipped more than 30,000 DuraPine
with PECO was typical of the level of response required to crossarms for distribution and transmission applications.
Bridgewell Resources, based in Tigard, Oregon, produced
meet the utility need. PECO initiated twice-daily conference
calls with Southwire, during which the company was able to and trucked as many as 1,500 poles a day to the Northeast,
but delivering new poles is only part of the battle. Equally
track all orders down to the hour of delivery.
Emergency calls came pouring into General Cables emer- demanding is the need to clean up and recycle the damaged
gency response center, staffed by commercial, operational and poles. Bridgewell helped utilities in the Northeast with a
logistics personnel. Associates conducted twice-daily calls to range of services, including arranging the pickup and incinensure the delivery requirements of all of the companys Mid- eration, reclamation or remanufacturing of damaged poles.
Atlantic and Northeastern electric utility partners were being The focus in the eld has been on restoring power quickly, but
met. Electric utility cable and conductors were shipped from Bridgewell also averaged the removal of 50 loads of damaged
General Cable facilities by freight carrier to emergency cable poles per week.
yards in the utility staging areas.
Low-voltage overhead secondary cables (600 V) and small- Meeting the Needs of the Dispossessed
sized bare aluminum distribution conductor made up the
Southwire not only worked around the clock to provide
majority of the shipments. General Cable also manufactured wire and cable needed for the transmission and distribution
and shipped a great deal of all-aluminum alloy conductor- circuit rebuild, the company also took time to collect the batype conductor, a specialty alloy product often used in coastal sic necessities needed by people in the storm-ravaged areas.
48
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Transmission & Distribution Worlds
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subscribe.tdworld.com/subscribe
SUPERSTORMSandy
During restoration, not only did customers bring coffee for workers to warm up, many simply threw their arms around them to say
thanks as they arrived on their streets. PSE&G customers inundated
the utilitys mailboxes with thank you messages during and after the
storm.
Volunteers put out the word in the companys hometown of

Carrollton for bottled water, hygiene items, ready-to-eat food,
blankets, baby items and nonperishable foods. The response
was overwhelming. Southwire ended up with three tractortrailer loads that it took to Neptune Township, New Jersey.
Several manufacturers including ABB, GE and S&C set up
programs to support the American Red Cross to bring aid to
the victims of the storm. The International Brotherhood of
Electrical Workers (IBEW), whose members worked so hard
to bring the area back to normal, also thought of comfort for
the victims. Working with the Long Island United Way, IBEW
donated Thanksgiving dinners for hard-hit communities.
Sandy has been classied as the second most destructive
storm to hit the United States. It caused billions of dollars in
damage and destruction, destroyed thousands of homes and
business, left millions without electricity and, tragically, lives
were lost.
When a storm of this magnitude hits, restoring power requires ingenuity, resourcefulness and teamwork and that
is exactly what the industry delivered. Utilities within the
damage zone coordinated the effort, providing support and
direction. Unaffected utilities from around North America
sent crews and equipment. Manufacturers and suppliers kept
the restoration material coming and the supply line full. The
frontline troops rebuilt the electrical system in the harshest
conditions sometimes one lateral at a time.
During a major storm, this industry is charged with more
than merely the restoration of power. Assistance on a massive
scale helps people restore their lives.
Foul-Weather Friends
When the forces of nature cause a disruption to your T&D system, call Osmose.
Our experienced technicians are ready to help, in fair weather or foul.
Storm Response
Damage assessment
Safety patrols
Final circuit sweeps
Site safety
Pole / equipment stripping

Logistics & staging support
Trouble tickets & staking
Post-storm inventories
System Hardening
Pole strength restoration with the C-Truss & C2-Truss
Pole capacity upgrading with the ET-Truss
Pole loading assessments with O-Calc Pro featuring Digital
Measurement TechnologyTM (DMTTM).
Third party audits with Video Data CaptureTM (VDC)
Line patrols with experienced Osmose technicians
50
205.613.7269 www.osmoseutilities.com/storms
Saluting the Heroes

of Superstorm Sandy
Superstorm Sandy shook the Eastern Seaboard
to its core but was no match for the dedicated
men and women who rushed to help.
salutes those brave volunteers who
stepped up and lent a hand.
We also thank our industry partners who
made the Superstorm Sandy supplement
(accompanying the March issue) possible.
acknowledges their unyielding support.
Visit http://tdworld.com/supplements/
superstorm-sandy-2013/
Read Superstorm Sandy commentaries
from the committed companies listed below.
Saluting the Heroes

of Superstorm Sandy
Superstorm Sandy shook the Eastern Seaboard
to its core but was no match for the dedicated
men and women who rushed to help.
salutes those brave volunteers who
stepped up and lent a hand.
We also thank our industry partners who
made the Superstorm Sandy supplement
(accompanying the March issue) possible.
acknowledges their unyielding support.
Visit http://tdworld.com/supplements/
superstorm-sandy-2013/
Read Superstorm Sandy commentaries
from the committed companies listed below.
Vista Underground
Distribution Switchgear
fits any application.
Vista UDS can be customized for your needs. It can be furnished
in manual, remote supervisory, and source-transfer models. And any
combination of load switches, fault interrupters, bus taps, or tie switches
(up to six ways) are contained in a single, SF6-lled, welded stainlesssteel tank. Feeders can be rated as high as 900 Amps continuous, and the
main bus up to 1200 Amps. Vista UDS provides a major advancement in
operating simplicity and safety for medium-voltage switchgear.
UnderCover Style Vista UDS can be installed

in wet vaults. Its completely functional submersed
in up to 3 meters of water. Since all live components
are contained inside the sealed tank, threats from the
environment are nonexistent.
1000
TransformerPrimary Fuse
(100E, Standard
Speed)
Vista Tap
Interrupter (Phase)
Min. Pickup Current: 400A
Def. Time Delay: 4 cycle
TIME IN SECONDS
100
Vistas overcurrent control

is PC-programmable,
in the shop or the eld.
Choose from E, K,
Coordinating Speed Tap,
Coordinating Speed Main,
ANSI/U.S., or IEC timecurrent characteristic curves.
Phase
Overcurrent Relay
Type: CO-9
Time Dial: 3
Min. Pickup Current:
720A CTI: 0.15 sec.
10
10,000
1,000
100
10
.01
100,000
.1
CURRENT IN AMPERES
Coordinating-speed tap curve with denite-time

delay eliminates miscoordination problems frequently
encountered with transformer primary fuses
Vista UDS is offered with these 50/60-Hz IEC ratings

(ANSI ratings in parentheses)j
2008 S&C Electric Company 680-A0809
kV
Amperes, RMS
System
Class
Max
BIL
12
(15.5)
24
(27)
15.5
(15.5)
29
(29)
95
(95)
125
(125)
36
(38)
38
(38)
150
(150)
Fault Interrupter
LoadInterrupter
Continuous
Switch
Interr.,
& Load
Continuous &
Sym.
Load Dropping Dropping
630
(600)
630
(600)
j Other ratings are available. Contact your nearest S&C Sales Ofce.
25 000
(25 000)
Operating personnel
can readily conrm
open gaps and integral
ground positions on
load-interrupter switches
and fault interrupters
through Vistas large viewing windows. Trip
indicators are easily checked too.
Low-prole padmounted style Vista
UDS accommodates
air-insulated metering
modules through bayto-bay bushings (not
shown). Vista UDS is
maintenance-free and
easy to operate.
ShortCircuit,
Sym.
25 000
(25 000)
To learn more about Vista UDS, or other S&C

products and services, visit our website. Or
contact your local S&C Sales Ofce.
www.sandc.com/ vit

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High Reliability 30 l Grid Regulation 36 l Transmission System 42

High Reliability 30 l Grid Regulation 36 l Transmission System 42

OVER 120 Years of

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While primary equipment in substations may still be

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Get It Done From the Air

Distributed Generation Drives System Planning

FERC Order 1000

Reinforcing Rhode Island

Incipient Faults: Can They Be Seen?

GIS Enhances Hazard Tree Control

Real-time waveform analytics identify looming failures, bringing us

Mid-South Synergy uses a GIS-based spatial analysis plan

NPPD Contracts POWER Engineers to Design 220-Mile Transmission Line

MLGW Takes Unique Approach to Distribution Automation Project

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Sustain and Renew

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Duke Energy Sues Cincinnati Over Utility

March 2013 | www.tdworld.com

G&W Receives KEMA

For more information: www.nlmcc.org

NECA & IBEW

PSE&G Unveils 10-Year Proposal

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Seattle City Light

Intelligent Testing for Protection Devices

Test protective devices & relaying schemes

Verify proper operation of IntelliRupter

Interior time stamping

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CenterPoint Energy Makes Giant Strides in AMI Initiative

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Count on DuPont to help keep

DuPont Streamline and Viewpoint are not available in all states.

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