Professional Documents
Culture Documents
True
hermaphrodite
individuals
have
___
due
to
___.
Male
Pseudohermaphoditism:
Define
Female
pseudohermaphoditism:
Define
What
might
cause
male
pseudohermaphoditism?
What
might
cause
female
pseudohermaphoditism?
What
weeks
do
testes
begin
to
develop?
What
weeks
do
ovaries
begin
to
develop?
In
androgen
insensitivity
syndrome
(testicular
feminization)
how
developed
are
the
male
internal
tracts?
5a-reductase
deficiency
(5-ARD):
how
developed
are
the
male
internal
tracts?
How
is
GnRH
reeleased?
What
is
the
effect?
FSH
vs
LH
levels:
1.
Prepuberty
2.
Reproductive
Age
3.
Post
reproductive
Age
Who
goes
through
puberty
first?
M
vs
F
How
does
sertoli
cell
control
FSH
release
via
negative
feedback?
How
does
leydig
cell
exert
negative
feedback
control?
How
is
high
concentration
of
testosterone
maintained
in
testes?
Female
GnRH
FSH
Sertoli
cell
inhibin
blocks
FSH
GnRH
LH
Leydig
Cell
Testosterone
blocks
LH
and
GnRH
Sertoli
cells
Androgen
Binding
Protein
(ABP)
binds
testosterone
and
keeps
it
in
high
concentration
in
testes!
How
can
exogenous
use
of
testosterone
cause
Circulating
levels
of
testosterone
control
LH.
infertility?
Exogenous
testosterone
use
elevated
circulating
levels
inhibition
of
LH
leydig
cells
make
less
testosterone
locally
infertility
You
have
a
male
patient
with
XS
circulating
levels
1. XS
adipose
tissue
of
E2-estradiol.
What
might
you
suspect?
2. Sertoli
cell
tumor
Describe
sertoli
cell
role
in
estradiol
They
have
aromatase
so
they
contribute
to
1/3
of
circulating
estradiol
in
men.
What
is
the
effect
of
testosterone
on
growth?
Cessation
of
lengthening
of
bones,
fusion
of
epiphyseal
plates
What
might
you
suspect
if
a
young
male
has
growth
He
is
either
taking
steroids
or
has
testosterone
that
prematurely
ceased?
synthesizing
tumor
Androgen
effect
on
muscle
mass:
Increase
Testosterone
actions:
1. def
leads
to
osteoporosis
2. abdominal
visceral
fat
3. Increase
in
VLDL,
LDL,
decr
in
HDL
DHT
actions
1. Beard
growth,
prostate
development,
ext
genitalia
development,
seminal
vesicles
dev
Emission
is?
Movement
of
semen
along
genital
tract
Emission
is
mediated
by
which
nervous
system
Sympathetic
activity?
Erection
is
mediated
by
which
nervous
system
Parasympathetic
activity?
What
prevents
retrograde
ejaculation?
Ejaculation
is
___
____
nerves
mediated
rhythmic
contraction
of
bulbospongiosus
and
ischocavernosus
m.