S.

50

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

Code No : 9A01401/R09
B.Tech II Year II Semester Regular and Supplementary Examinations

April/May - 2013

Set-4
Solutions

STRENGTH MATERIALS-II
( Civil Engineering )

Time: 3 Hours

Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
---

1.

A steel cylinder is 1 m inside diameter and is to be designed for an internal pressure of 8 MN/m2. Calculate the
thickness if the maximum shearing stress is not to exceed 35 MN/m2. Calculate the increase in volume, due to working
pressure, if the cylinder is 6 m long with closed ends. E = 200 GN/m2, Poissons ratio = 1/3. (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.1)

2.

A compound cylinder formed by shirking one tube to another in subjected to an internal pressure of 90 N/mm2.
Before the fluid in admitted, the internal and external diameters of the compound cylinder are 180 mm and 300 mm
respectively and the diameter at the junction is 240 mm. If after shrinking on, the radial pressure at the common
surface is 12 N/mm2. Determine the final stresses developed in the compound cylinder. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.2)

3.

Solid shaft is subjected to a torque of 100 Nm. Find the necessary shaft diameter if the allowable shear stress is 100
MPa and the allowable twist is 3 degree per 10 m length of the shaft. Take C = 1 105 N/mm2. (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.3)

4.

A closed coiled helical spring made of round steel wire is required to carry a load of 800 N for a maximum stress not
to exceed 200 N/mm2. Determine the wire diameter if the stiffness of the spring is 10 N/mm and the diameter of the helix
is 80 mm. Calculate also the number of turns required in the spring given Gsteel = 80 kN/mm2. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)

5.

A stanchion is built-up of two 325 mm 165 mm R.S. joists placed 200 mm centre to centre with two 400 mm 12 mm
plates riveted to each flange. If it is 6 meters long, both ends fixed, calculate the safe axial load using Rankines
formula and a factor of safety 3. For each joist, area of section = 54.9 cm2, IXX = 9874.6 cm4, IYY = 510.8 cm4. Take fc =
315 N/mm2. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.3)

6.

(a)

What is the limit of eccentricity? Explain briefly. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1)

(b)

Explain core of section. Find out the core of a circular section? (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1)

7.

A timber beam 250 mm wide by 300 mm deep is used as simply supported beam on a spam of 5 m. It is subjected to a
concentrated load of 30 N at the mid-section of the span. If the plane of the load makers an angle of 45 with the
vertical plane of symmetry find the direction of neutral axis and the maximum stress in the beam.

(Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.3)

8.

A curved beam, semi circular in plan of radius 5 m, supported on three equally spaced supports. The beam carries a
uniformly distributed load of 30 kN/m of the circular length. Analyze the beam and sketch the bending moment and
twisting moment diagrams giving the salient values. (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.2)

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.51

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-4) JNTU-Anantapur

SOLUTIONS TO APRIL/MAY-2013, SET-4, QP

Q1.

A steel cylinder is 1 m inside diameter and

is to be designed for an internal pressure of
8 MN/m 2 . Calculate the thickness if the
maximum shearing stress is not to exceed
35 MN/m2. Calculate the increase in volume,
due to working pressure, if the cylinder is 6
m long with closed ends. E = 200 GN/m2,
Poissons ratio = 1/3.

Longitudinal Stress

April/May-13, Set-4, Q1

Longitudinal Strain

Answer :

l =

el =

Pressure applied, P = 8 MN/m2

Maximum shearing stress, f = 35 MN/m2
Length of cylinder, l = 6 m
= 6000 mm
Thickness, t = ?

2
l
1
m

E
28.011106 1 2 1

3
200 109

el = 4.668 105 (or) 0.4668 104

Circumferential Strain

Poissons ratio, 1/m = 1/3

Youngs modulus, E = 200 GN/m2

8 10 6 1
4 0.0714

= 28.011 MN/m2

Given that,
Diameter, d = 1 m

Pd
4t

ec =

c
E

2
m

Longitudinal Stress,
L =

35 106 =

Pd
4t
8 106 1
4 t 0.8

1 8
t=
35 4 0.8

t = 0.0714 m
or
= 71.4 mm
Circumferential Stress
c =

Pd
2t

8 106 1
2 0.0714

c = 56.022 106 N/m2

c = 56.02 MN/m2

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

56.02 10 6
1
1

9
200 10 2 3

ec = 2.334 104
Increase in Volume
We know that,
eV =

V
V

V = eV V
Volumetric strain,
eV = el + 2ec
= (0.4668 + 2 2.334) 104
eV = 5.1348 104
V = 5.1348 104
= 5.1348 104

2
dl
4

12 6 m3
4

V = 2.419 103 m3
V = 2.419 103 109 mm3
V = 2419 10 3 mm 3

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.52
Q2.

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

A compound cylinder formed by shirking one
222171.42
tube to another in subjected to an internal
27.428
f90 =
90 2
pressure of 90 N/mm2. Before the fluid in
admitted, the internal and external
= 54.856 N/mm2
diameters of the compound cylinder are 180
222171.42
mm and 300 mm respectively and the
f120 =
27.428
diameter at the junction is 240 mm. If after
120 2
shrinking on, the radial pressure at the
= 42.856 N/mm2
common surface is 12 N/mm2. Determine the
final stresses developed in the compound Outer Cylinder
cylinder.
Let Lames equation,
April/May-13, Set-4, Q2

Answer :

px =

Given that,
Internal pressure, pr = 90 N/mm2

b2
x

a2 ;

fx =

b2
x2

+ a2

At x = r3 = 150 mm ; px = 0

Internal diameter, d1 = 180 mm

x = r2 = 120 mm ; px = 12 N/mm2

Internal radius, r1 = 90 mm
0 =

External diameter, d3 = 300 mm

External radius, r3 = 150 mm

12 =

Diameter at junction, d2 = 240 mm

Radius at junction, r2 = 120 mm

b2
150 2
b2
120 2

a2

... (3)

a2

... (4)

Solving equation (3) and (4).

Inner Cylinder
Let Lames equation be,
px =

b1
x

a2 =

a1 and fx =

b1
x2

a2 = 21.33 ; b2 = 480000

+ a1
Now,

At x= r1 = 90 mm [Q d1 = 180 mm, r1 = 90 mm]

fx =

px = 0
0=

b1

a1

90 2

... (1)

At x = r2 = 120 mm ; px = 12 N/mm2
12 =

b1
120

a1

f150 =

b2
x2

+ a2

480000
150 2

+ 21.33

f150 = 42.663 N/mm2

... (2)

From solving equation (1) and (2),

b2
150 2

f120 =

480000
120 2

+ 21.33

f120 = 54.66 N/mm2

When cylinder is subjected to internal pressure,

We get,
a1 = 27.428

px =

b1 = 222171.42

b3
x

a3 and fx =

b3
x2

+ a3

At x = r1 = 90 mm ; px = 90 N/mm2

Now,
fx =

222171.42
x

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

+ ( 27.428)

90 =

b3
90 2

a3

... (5)

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.53

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-4) JNTU-Anantapur

Q3.

At x = r3 = 150 mm ; px = 0
0=

b3
150 2

a3

...(6)

Solving equation (5) and (6).

Solid shaft is subjected to a torque of 100

Nm. Find the necessary shaft diameter if the
allowable shear stress is 100 MPa and the
allowable twist is 3 degree per 10 m length
of the shaft. Take C = 1 105 N/mm2.
April/May-13, Set-4, Q3

Answer :

We get,

Given that,
a3 = 50.625

Torque, T = 100 Nm

b3 = 1139062.5

Allowable shear stress, Ps = 100 N/mm2

Allowable twist, = 3

Now,

Length, l = 10 m
fx =

b3
x

Modulus of rigidity, c = 1 105 N/mm2

+ a3

Let the diameter be d.

Hoop stresses are,

f90 =

1139062.5
90 2

We know that,
Torque = Shear stress Polar modulus
+ 50.625
Polar modulus =
2

f90 = 191.25 N/mm

f150 =

1139062.5
150 2

d 4
32
=
d
2

+ 50.625

f150 = 101.25 N/mm2

f120 =

1139062.5
120 2

Polar moment of inertia

d /2

+ 50.625

f120 = 129.726 N/mm2

d 3
16

Torque = Ps Polar modulus

Pressure at common surface,

f120 =

1139062.5
120 2

100 103 = 100

50.625

f120 = 28.476 N/mm2

d3 =

Final Stresses

d 3
16

103 16

d3 = 5092.95
f90 = 54.856 + 191.25

d = 17.205 mm

f90 = 136.39 N/mm2

f120,inner = 42.856 + 129.726
= 86.87 N/mm2

Given the allowable twist is 3 per 10 m length of

shaft.
=

f120,outer = 54.66 + 129.726

= 184.386 N/mm2
f150 = 42.663 + 101.25
= 143.913 N/mm2

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

3 =

l
T

c
IP
10 1000
1 10 5

100 103
d 4
32

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.54

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

3
10 1000 100 103 32
=

180
10 5
d4

Ps =

d4 = (101859.16 180)/3
Ps =

d4 = 1945366.72

P R
ZP
800 40
d 3
16

d = 37.34 mm
The diameter of shaft, d = 37.34 mm.
Q4.

A closed coiled helical spring made of round

steel wire is required to carry a load of 800 N
for a maximum stress not to exceed 200 N/
mm2. Determine the wire diameter if the stiffness of the spring is 10 N/mm and the diameter of the helix is 80 mm. Calculate also the
number of turns required in the spring given
Gsteel = 80 kN/mm2.

200 =

d3 =

(ii)

Answer :
April/May-13, Set-4, Q4
Given that,
Load, P = 800 N
Maximum stress, Ps = 200 N/mm2
Stiffness of the spring = 10 N/mm
Diameter of helix, D = 80 mm
Gsteel = 80 kN/mm2
Mean radius, R =

D
2

80
2
= 40 mm

Stiffness of spring,
S =

Axial load
Deflection

S =

P
S

800
10

80 103 9.34 4 80
8 800 (80) 3

= 14.86 ~
15
Number of turns = 15
Wire diameter = 9.34 mm.
A stanchion is built-up of two 325 mm 165
mm R.S. joists placed 200 mm centre to centre with two 400 mm 12 mm plates riveted
to each flange. If it is 6 meters long, both
ends fixed, calculate the safe axial load using Rankines formula and a factor of safety
3. For each joist, area of section = 54.9 cm2,
IXX = 9874.6 cm4, IYY = 510.8 cm4. Take fc = 315
N/mm2.
April/May-13, Set-4, Q5
400 mm
12 mm

200 mm

165 mm

225 mm

d 3
16

Maximum shear Stress =

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

800 40 16
200

Gd 4
8PD 3

Answer :

= 80 mm
Section modulus, Z =

d 3

d = 9.342 mm
Wire diameter d = 9.34 mm
Number of Turns
n=

Q5.

800 40 16

T
ZP

Figure

( JNTU-Anantapur )

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-4) JNTU-Anantapur

S.55

Length of span, l = 6 m
= 6000 mm
For single section width of plate, bp = 400 mm
dp = 12 mm
Area of section, A = 54.9 cm2
IXX = 9874.6 cm4
IYY = 510.8 cm4
fc = 315 N/mm2
Area of composite section, A = 2(A + bp dp)
A = 2(54.9 102 + 400 12)
= 20580 mm2
Moment of inertia about X X
IXX = 2 Moment of inertia of single section at X X

b d 3
dp

p
p
+ b p d p Centre to centre distance +
+2
12
2

400 123

+ 400 12 (200 + 6) 2
= 2 9874.6 10 + 2 12

= 19749.2 104 + 2[57600 + 203692800]

= 19749.2 104 + 407500800
= 19749.2 104 + 40750.08 104
IXX = 60499.28 104 mm4
Moment of inertia about Y Y,
b p d 3p
IYY = [2 Moment of inertia of Y Y] + 2 12

= 2 510.8 104 + 2

400 123
12

IYY = 1021.6 104 + 11.52 104

IYY = 1033.12 104 mm4
Here IYY < IXX
So buckling in columns takes place in Y Y direction.
Given condition,
Both ends are fixed.

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.56
Effective length, le =

l
2

6
2

=3m
Radius of gyration,

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

3.
If the bending stress is less than direct stress then
the obtained resultant stress is compressive and the
other side the stress will be zero in case of bending
stress equal to direct stress.
4.
The tensile stresses are produced when bending
stress exceeds the direct stress.
fb fd

P.e P

Z
A

I YY
k =
A
2

1033.12 10 4
=
20580

k2 = 502 mm2
By using Rankines formulae,
PRankine =

fd

fc A
1 + a.

l e2
k2

Direct stress
P

Let a = 7500

fb

1
32
1+
.
7500 502

PRankine
Factor of safety

(a)

1.
2.
3.
4.

6482.68
3

(b)

What is the limit of eccentricity? Explain briefly.

Answer :

April/May-13, Set-4, Q6(a)

Limit of Eccentricity
A load whose line of action is not coinciding with
axis of column (or) struts is called eccentric loading.
1.

This eccentric load acts on a column and produces

direct as well as bending stresses.

2.

There is a maximum and minimum stresses on either

sides of neutral axis.

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

P.e
A

fb = Bending stress
fd = Direct stress.
Limit of eccentricity for some section is as follows,
Rectangular section
Hollow rectangular section
Circular section
Hollow circular section.
For remaining answer refer Unit-VI, Q2, Topics: (i),
(ii), (iii), (iv).

= 2160.89 kN
Q6.

P
A

Bending stress

315 20580

= 6482684.5 N
PRankine = 6482.68 kN
Safe Load =

Z
A

Answer :

Explain core of section. Find out the

core of a circular section?
April/May-13, Set-4, Q6(b)

For answer refer Unit-VI, Q2(iii).

Q7.

A timber beam 250 mm wide by 300 mm deep

is used as simply supported beam on a spam
of 5 m. It is subjected to a concentrated load
of 30 N at the mid-section of the span. If the
plane of the load makers an angle of 45 with
the vertical plane of symmetry find the direction of neutral axis and the maximum
stress in the beam.
April/May-13, Set-4, Q7

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.57

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-4) JNTU-Anantapur

Maximum bending moment is,

Answer :
Y

30 kN

=
A

Pl
30 5
=
4
4

= 37.5 kN
By resolving the bending moment in X and Y directions, we get,

M XX = 37.5 cos45

300 mm

45

= 26.516 kNm

MYY = 37.5 sin45

= 26.516 kNm.
y
N
x

B
250 mm

Due to this bending moment the NA (Neutral Axis)

will be inclined with Y-axis.
Here compression occurs at top of NN and tension
occurs at the bottom of NN.
=

30 kN

M XX
M YY
.y +
.x
I XX
I YY

Both X and Y should be positive for maximum bending moment.

5m

Given that,
Width, b = 250 mm
Depth, d = 300 mm
Clear span, l = 5 m
Concentric load, P = 30 N
= 45
Moment of Inertia about X-axis
IXX =

bd 3
12
250 3003
12

= 562.5 106 mm4

Moment of Inertia about Y-axis
IYY =

bd 3
12

300 2503
=
12
= 390.62 106 mm4

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

max =

26.516 106
26.516 106
125
6 150 +
562.5 10
390.62 106

max = 15.556 mm2

For = 0 we get the neutral axis NN.

M XX
M
. y + YY .x = 0
I XX
I YY
26.516 106
26.516 106
.y
+
.x = 0
390.62 106
562.5 106
0.047y + 0.067x = 0
0.047y = 0.067x
0.067
y
=
0.047
x

tan = 1.42
= 54.50
= 5450'

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.58
Y

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

RL = 2 P.r

30 kN

= 2 30 5
RL = 300 kN
Shear Force
Shear force at K,
SFK = RK
= 85.619 kN

5457'

Shear force at M,
SFM = P.r
= 30 5
= 150 kN
Shear force at any other position,

SF = Pr 1
2

Figure
Q8.

A curved beam, semi circular in plan of radius 5 m, supported on three equally spaced
supports. The beam carries a uniformly distributed load of 30 kN/m of the circular length.
Analyze the beam and sketch the bending
moment and twisting moment diagrams giving the salient values.
April/May-13, Set-4, Q8

Answer :

= 30 5 1
180
2

= 150[0.5707 0.0174]
at = 90
SF90 = 150[0.5707 0.0174 90]
= 149.29 kN

Now equating equation (1) with zero.

N
P

... (1)

SF = 0

/2 R
/2

r=5m

150[0.5707 0.0174]= 0
=

0.5707
0.0174

= 32.79 (or) 3247'

Given that,

Bending Moment

Radius of semi-circle, r = 5 m
Uniformly distributed load, P = 30 kN/m.
Reactions

BMM = 0.429 Pr2

[Q i.e., hogging moment]

Reaction at K,
RK =

Bending moment at M,

= 0.429 30 52
P.r
( 2)
2

30 5
( 2)
2

= 85.619 kN

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

= 321.75 kN-m (Hogging)

Maximum bending moment,
BMmax = 0.1514 Pr2
= 0.1514 30 52
= 113.55 kN-m (Sagging)

( JNTU-Anantapur )

S.59

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-4) JNTU-Anantapur

750[0.5708 sin 2 sin2/2] = 0

0.5708 sin 2 sin2/2 = 0
We know that,
sin = 2 sin/2 . cos/2
0.5708 2 sin/2 . cos/2 = 2 sin2/2
0.5708 . cos/2 = sin/2
tan/2= 0.5708
/2 = tan1(0.5708)
/2 = 29.717
= 59.43
The torsional moment distribution is given as,

Bending moment at any other position,

BM = Pr2[0.5708 sin 2 sin2/2]
= 30 52[0.5708 sin 2 sin2/2]
BM = 750[0.5708 sin 2 sin2/2]
= 30
BM = 750[0.5708 sin30 2 sin230/2]
BM30 = 113.569 kN-m
BM60 = 750[0.5708 sin60 2 sin260/2]
= 4.254 kN-m
BM45 = 750[0.5708 sin45 2 sin245/2]

2 2

cos + sin
M= Pr2
2
2

= 83.04 kN-m
2

BM90 = 750[0.5708 sin90 2 sin 90/2]

= 321.9 kN-m

2 2
= 30 52

cos + sin

2
2
180

BM120 = 750[0.5708 sin120 2 sin260]

= 754.24 kN-m
BM150 = 750[0.5708 sin150 2 sin275]

The values of torsional moments are tabulated below,

= 1185.46 kN-m
BM180 = 750[0.5708 sin180 2 sin290]

Torsional moment at
any other point

Angle ()

= 1500 kN-m
0

Position

(M t )

30 45 60 90 120 150 180

113.56
83.04

30

39.65

59.43

78.19

60

78.16

90

End of beams

Zero bending moment

point

(+)
4.275
()
321.9
BM diagram

30

Centre of beam

60

90

120 150 180

754.24
78.31 kN-m

1185.46
1500 kN-m

Figure
0.15

Twisting Moment
Maximum torsional moment,

M mt = 0.1045 Pr2
= 0.1045 30 52

Twisting
moment
diagram

78.31 kN-m

= 78.375 kN-m
M = 0

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

Figure

( JNTU-Anantapur )