AS Level Physics 2011/2012

Tutorial Sheet # 8 (Solutions)

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Objective Questions
(All correct answers are listed here and explanation has been provided in the following pages.)

Question Number
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Solution
A
B
C
B
A
B
D
B
D
D
C
B
C
D
D
B
C
D
C
A

Question Number
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.

Solution
C
B
D
B
B
A
C
C
C
B
A
D
D
C
B
C
D
A
B
B
A

There was one question which did not have question number after question number (10) & before ques number (11)
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Which defines the weight of a body?

The correct answer is option B The force of gravity on the body.

Explanation for objective questions

Question: 1
The graph shows that the angular deflection in ammeter decreases with increasing current. Option A represents this
appearance of the scale on the ammeter.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A

Question: 2
The ball is thrown from a very tall building; the ball is affected by air resistance, hence the horizontal component of
velocity is reduced to zero. The vertical component of velocity attains a terminal velocity & the ball falls with a constant
vertical component of velocity.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 3
When there is large systematic error in any measurement, the measured data will not be accurate. But if there is small
random error in the same measurement, the data would be precise.
Option C represents data which is precise but not accurate.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C
Question: 4
In planet P, the mass of a body is 1.0 kg and its weight is 1.0 N. Hence, the value of g in planet P will be 1 ms-2. The
question states that Q has gravitational field strength ten times more than P. So, the value of g in planet Q will be
10 ms-2. Hence, the weight of same object in planet Q will be 10 N.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 5
The most important part of this question is to be able to calculate moment of every force and state whether they are in
clockwise or anticlockwise direction.
Moment = Force x perpendicular distance between point of axis and line of force
For force, 5N, the moment of force will be = 5N * 2m = 10 Nm (anticlockwise direction)
For force, 15N, the moment of force will be = 15N * 3m = 45 Nm (clockwise direction)
For force, 10N, the moment of force will be = 10N * 2m = 20 Nm (anticlockwise direction) Remember that you have to
calculate the perpendicular distance between point of axis and line of force.
Resultant moment = sum of clockwise moment sum of anticlockwise moment = 15 NM
{*To calculate resultant, subtract lower value from higher value.*}
Hence, the correct answer is Option A
Question: 6
Torque = Magnitude of one the force applied * perpendicular distance between the forces
The pair of forces acts as a couple in this question and the perpendicular distance is represented by s.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B

Question: 7
The lamp is not moving, so this represents equilibrium condition. Both vector triangle A and D represent equilibrium
condition. But, if you observe closely, the tension in string and weight of wall are represented correctly in vector triangle
D.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 8
Internal energy is determined by the state of the system and can be expressed as the sum of the random distribution of
kinetic and potential energies associated with the molecules of a system.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 9
In the given turbine, efficiency is given by the ratio of output power to input power.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 10
The upward direction is taken as positive. Therefore, the direction of acceleration is always downward which will be
negative throughout.
Since, the ball makes an elastic collision with the ceiling; the ball will take same time to travel from hand to ceiling and
from ceiling to hand as well as the ball covers same distance in same interval of time.
Graph C and graph D represent negative acceleration but graph D represents that the ball takes same time to travel
from hand to ceiling and vice-versa. Thus, peak should be between 1.2 s as represented in graph D.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
..
There was one question which did not have question number after question number (10) & before ques number (11)
-

Which defines the weight of a body?

The correct answer is option B The force of gravity on the body defines weight.

Question: 11
If the particle made an elastic collision, the total change in momentum would have been 4mv. Keep in mind that after
colliding, the path of ball will be in opposite direction as it rebounds along the same original path.
Since, the question states inelastic collision, kinetic energy would not be conserved and the change in momentum of the
ball during inelastic collision would be more than 2mv but less than 4mv.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C

Question: 12
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Resolve tension into vertical & horizontal components.

Calculate the tension using equilibrium condition.

Sum of vertical component of forces = 0; sum of horizontal component of forces = 0

If unclear, refer to supplementary notes on tension that has been provided along with these solutions. All notes have
also been updated on the website. This problem has been done explicitly on those provided notes.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 13
The question states what will be resistive torque in an anticlockwise direction to prevent further tightening?
So, to prevent further tightening, torque in clockwise direction must be equal to resistive torque in anticlockwise
direction.
Torque would be = 200 N x 0.25 m = 50 Nm (Remember, the distance will be from point of axis which will be the center
of nut.)
Hence, the correct answer is Option C
Question: 14
This question states that the box moves at steady speed which implies that there is no acceleration, i.e. net force is zero.
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The length of the inclined plane will be 3m (calculated using Pythagoras theorem). Hence the work done by the
person against the frictional force in inclined plane will be 150 N x 3m = 450 J

The person also has to do work to move the box to a vertical height of 1.5m against gravity. The work done to
move the box up to a vertical height of 1.5m against gravity is equivalent to potential energy stored on the box
when it reaches to the top. i.e. 200 N x 1.5 m = 300 J

Hence, the total work done by the person = 450 J + 350 J = 750 J
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 15
Raindrop is falling with steady speed. Always, remember steady speed implies constant speed. If there is constant
velocity, there will be no acceleration and the net force would be zero.
Hence, net force = mg kv = 0
mg represents weight of raindrop acting downward. kv represents retarding force acting in opposite direction.
Negative sign in above equation represents that these two forces are acting in opposite direction.
So, v = mg / k Now, use that value of v to calculate kinetic energy of raindrop using formula, k.e. = (1/2) mv2
Hence, the correct answer is Option D

Question: 16
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Calculate velocity of the vehicle using kinetic energy and mass using formula, k.e. = (1/2) mv2

Now, the vehicle is stopped using a constant braking force.

Using (F=ma), calculate acceleration using this braking force. This acceleration will be negative as braking force
will be applied in opposite direction to the direction of motion of vehicle.

Since, it states constant braking force; one can use equation of motion to calculate the stopping distance.
v2 = u2 + 2as , where u will be velocity calculated in first step. Final velocity v will be zero as vehicle stops.
Acceleration a will be negative as calculated above. Now, using these values, the value of s can be easily calculated.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 17
This is straight forward question. Every student should be able to do this easily.
The correct answer is Option C
Question: 18
Power = Force x velocity ,
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For mass m 1 with velocity v,

Force will be m 1 g (weight)
Hence, power will be ( m 1 g v)

Calculate the power for m 2 in same way as ( m 2 g v)

Use the figure to see that m 1 is moving up whereas m 2 is moving down. The question asks for rate how motor
provides energy to the system when the elevator is rising at a steady speed.

Hence, that rate will be (m 1 g v m 2 g v)

The correct answer is Option D

Question: 19
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The weight of object is 20N; hence mass of the object will be 2kg.
The resultant force down the block will be (10 N 4N) = 6N
Use, (F = ma) to calculate acceleration down the block.

Hence, the correct answer is Option C

Question: 20
When the object will be in equilibrium, the minimum resultant of forces 3N, 4N and 5N acting at one point will be zero.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A

Question: 21
The pressure at bottom of the object will be higher than the pressure at top of object; hence there will be resultant
force acting in an upward direction - upthrust.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C
Question: 22
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Force required to lift the hook of crane = 1000 N

Force required to lift a load of mass 1000kg = 10000 N
Total Force required = (1000) + (10000) = 11000 N
Velocity = 0.50 m/s

Power = Force x velocity

Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 23
Efficiency = Useful work done / total input energy
Useful work done is equivalent to potential energy stored on the object when it reaches the top which is calculated as
mgh, where h is the vertical height. Using Pythagoras, this height h is found to be (s x sin); So, useful work done in
this case is s mg sin
In this question, it mentions constant velocity. So, the net force acting on the car is zero. The constant force F is acting
on the car of mass m through an inclined distance of s. The amount of work done by the car along inclined plane is Fs
which is total input energy in this case.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 24
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Mass of liquid = (70-20) = 50 g

Uncertainty in mass of liquid = 1+1 = 2
So, mass of liquid with uncertainty = (50 2)g

Now, density = 5.0 g/cm3 (Density = mass / volume)

Uncertainty % in density = uncertainty % in mass + uncertainty % in volume

Now, finally calculate uncertainty in density

Remember, if X = P Q , then uncertainty gets added but if X= P*Q or X = P/Q , then their uncertainty percentage
gets added.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 25
When steel ball falls freely under gravity, the height decreases with time and velocity increases. The slope of graph B
increases with time which represents velocity is increasing. Hence, the correct answer is Option B

Question: 26
Check all options using provided units and then determine the correct unit of energy.
The correct answer is Option A
Question: 27
This is a straight forward question. Please familiarize yourself with these types of question.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C
Question: 28
Similar to question 16 Please refer to that solution if you have problem with this question.
The correct answer is Option C
Question: 29
Center of gravity of an object is the point at which the weight of the object may be considered to act.
Hence, the correct answer is Option C
Question: 30
The resultant forces (R1 and R2) must be same as they counterbalance same weight of the object. The magnitude of T 1
will be more than magnitude of T 2 . Refer to notes on tension if you have problem with this.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 31
A projectile launched at 45o angle will have same initial horizontal and vertical component of velocity as cos 45 o = sin 45.
Hence, kinetic energy at the point of launch will be sum of both components.
When the projectile reaches the maximum height, the horizontal component of velocity will remain same whereas
vertical component of velocity will be zero. Hence, kinetic energy will be half at that point.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A
Question: 32
Use law of conservation of momentum to calculate velocity for mass of 1 kg,
0 + 0 = 2*2 1 *v (Negative sign represents that mass of 2 kg and mass of 1 kg will move to opposite direction)
Now, you have mass 2kg with moving with velocity 2m/s and mass of 1kg moving with velocity 4m/s.
Calculate kinetic energy for both & then sum it up which should be equal to energy stored in the spring.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D

Question: 33
For Q, torque = F x 0.100 = 3.0 Nm
Hence, Force = 30 N
This same force must be applied to P, hence torque at P = 30 x .150 = 4.5 Nm
Since, the lower portion of the belt is slack and has no tension; the tension in the top belt will be doubled. Hence, the
tension in upper portion of the belt will be 60N.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 34
Power = Current x Voltage
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80 % of 25kV voltage is converted to mechanical power ,

i.e. 20 kV produces 4.0 MW of power

So, 4.0 MW = current x 20kV (convert MW into watts and kV into volts)

Hence, the correct answer is Option C

Question: 35
Straight forward question, look at the thermometer and calculate the temperature change.
The correct answer is Option B
Question: 36
Straight forward question, can solve using law of conservation of energy or law of conservation of momentum
The kinetic energy X gained by mass m and the kinetic energy Y gained by mass 2m must be equal to the total energy
possessed by the body before it exploded. Use this or law of conservation of momentum to calculate the ratio of X/Y
The correct answer is Option C
Question: 37
For an object to be in equilibrium - there must be no resultant force and no resultant torque.
Hence, the correct answer is Option D
Question: 38
For a couple, there must be two parallel forces, equal in magnitude, opposite in direction and whose lines of action do
not coincide.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A

Question: 39
The question does not mention friction, so you can ignore pulley while solving this question.
Torque to move disc = 900 N x 0.20 m = 180 Nm
So, now to use the spindle to move the disc which has a torque of 180Nm, what force is needed?
180 Nm = F x 1.20m which gives the required minimum force as 150 N
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 40
The potential energy lost by water in vessel X is equal to potential energy gained by water in vessel Y.
In Y, mass = m/2 (half of original mass), height = h/ 2 (half of original height), so (potential energy = mgh/4)
Hence, the correct answer is Option B
Question: 41
This is a straight forward case of projectile motion when air resistance is negligible. This has been discussed numerous
times in lecture & tutorial classes. If you do not understand this question, I can safely say you do not understand
anything about projectile motion.
The correct answer is Option A

Skeleton solutions to subjective questions have been provided in following pages.

AS Level Physics 2011/2012

Tutorial Sheet # 8 (Revision Subjective Questions Skeleton Solutions)
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Question: 2

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Question: 4

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Question: 6

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Question: 8

Question: 9

Question: 10

Question: 11

Question: 12

Question: 13