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Oracle Exadata Database Machine

Morana Kobal Butkovi
Principal Sales Consultant
Oracle Hrvatska

Oracle Exadata Database Machine

Best Machine for

Data Warehousing
OLTP
Database Consolidation

Exadata is Oracles Strategic database

platform for ALL Oracle Database
workloads

Exadata Evolution
Three generations of experience

2008

2009

2010

HP Oracle Database
Machine (V1)

Sun Oracle Database Machine

(V2)

Oracle Exadata Database

Machine (X2-2 and X2-8)

Data Warehousing

Data Warehousing
OLTP
Database Consolidation

Data Warehousing
OLTP
Database Consolidation

Spectacular Customer Results

Softbank created a warehouse up to
8x faster while reducing costs 50%
Keiichiro Shimizu, Softbank
Turkcells largest 250 TB DB is now
only 27 TB with Exadata Compression
Ferhat Sengonul, Turkcell

Performance improved
17x with no changes to
our application
Jim Duffy, BNP Paribas

Complete Family Of Database Machines

From quarter-rack to multi-rack configurations
Oracle Exadata X2-2

Oracle Exadata X2-8

2 to 8 (12 core) database nodes

2 (64 core) database nodes

2 TB DRAM

Quarter

Half
Full, Multi-Rack
Full-Rack

Multi-Rack

Exadata Database Machine

Complete Database Grid using standard servers for Compute and Storage
Grid provides highest performance, lowest cost, best availability

Database Grid Servers

8x 2-socket Intel x86-64, 96GB
RAM
or
2x 8-socket Intel x86-64, 1TB RAM
Oracle Linux or Solaris 11
Oracle Database 11gR2

Storage Grid
14x 2-socket storage servers
(2U)

100 TB High Speed disk, or

336 TB High Capacity disk

InfiniBand Internal Net

5 TB PCI Flash

Redundant 40Gb/s switches

Unified server & storage net

Data mirrored & striped

across storage servers

1 or 10 Gb Ethernet to Data Center

Fully
Oracle Linux + Exadata SW
Redundant

Standardized and Simple to Deploy

All Database Machines are the same

Delivered ready-to-run
Tested
Highly supportable
No unique configuration issues
Identical to config used by Oracle Engineering

Runs existing OLTP and DW applications

- Full 30 years of Oracle DB capabilities
- No Exadata certification required

Deploy in Days,
Not Months

Leverages Oracle ecosystem

- Skills, knowledge base, people, partners

Exadata Storage Server Building Block

Hardware by Sun

Software by Oracle

High-performance storage server built from

industry standard components
12 disks - 600 GB 15000 RPM High
Performance SAS or 2TB 7200 RPM High
Capacity SAS
2 Six-Core Intel Xeon Processors (L5640)
Dual ported 40 Gb/sec InfiniBand
4 x 96 GB Flash Cards
Oracle Linux
Exadata Storage Server Software

Exadata Database Machine X2-2 Quarter Rack

2 x64 Dual-procesor Database Servers (Sun Fire X4170 M2)
- 2 x 6-Core Intel Xeon X5670 Processors (2.93 GHz)
- 24 cores (12 per server)
- 192 GB memory (96GB per server)
- 10 GigE connectivity to Data Center
4 x 10GbE ports (2 per server)
3 Exadata Storage Servers X2-2
- All with High Performance 600GB SAS disks
OR
- All with High Capacity 2 TB SAS disks
2 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
- 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch
Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs)

Can Upgrade to an Half Rack

Exadata Database Machine X2-2 Half Rack

4 x64 Dual-procesor Database Servers (Sun Fire X4170
M2)
- 2 x 6-Core Intel Xeon X5670 Processors (2.93 GHz)
- 48 cores (12 per server)
- 384 GB memory (96GB per server)
- 10 GigE connectivity to Data Center
8 x 10GbE ports (2 per server)
7 Exadata Storage Servers X2-2
- All with High Performance 600GB SAS disks
OR
- All with High Capacity 2 TB SAS disks
3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
- 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch
Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs)

Can Upgrade to a Full Rack

Exadata Database Machine X2-2 Full Rack

8 x64 Dual-procesor Database Servers (Sun Fire X4170 M2)
- 2 x 6-Core Intel Xeon X5670 Processors (2.93 GHz)
- 96 cores (12 per server)
- 768 GB memory (96GB per server)
- 10 GigE connectivity to Data Center
16 x 10GbE ports (2 per server)
14 Exadata Storage Servers X2-2
- All with High Performance 600GB SAS disks
OR
- All with High Capacity 2 TB SAS disks
3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
- 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch
Keyboard, Video, Mouse (KVM) hardware
Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs)

Add more racks for additional scalability

Exadata Database Machine X2-8 Full Rack

2 x64 Eight-processor Database servers (Sun Fire 4800)
- 8 x 8-Core Intel Xeon X7560 Processors (2.26 GHz)
- 128 CPU cores (64 per server)
- 2 TB (1 TB per server)
- 10 GigE connectivity to Data Center
16 x 10GbE ports (8 per server)
14 Exadata Storage Servers X2-2
- All with High Performance 600GB SAS disks
OR
- All with High Capacity 2 TB SAS disks
3 Sun Datacenter InfiniBand Switch 36
- 36-port Managed QDR (40Gb/s) switch
1 Admin Cisco Ethernet switch
Redundant Power Distributions Units (PDUs)

Add more racks for additional scalability

Database Machine Capacity

(Uncompressed)

Raw Disk Capacity

X2-8 or X2-2
Full Rack

X2-2
Half Rack

X2-2
Quarter Rack

High Perf Disk

100 TB

50 TB

21.6 TB

High Cap Disk

336 TB

168 TB

72 TB

5.3 TB

2.6 TB

1.1 TB

High Perf Disk

45 TB

22.5 TB

9.5 TB

High Cap Disk

150 TB

75 TB

31.5 TB

High Perf Disk

30 TB

15 TB

6.5 TB

High Cap Disk

100 TB

50 TB

21.5 TB

Raw Flash Capacity1

Usable Mirrored Capacity 1,2
Usable Triple Mirrored
Capacity1,3

1- Capacity calculated using normal space terminology of 1 TB = 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 bytes.
2 - Actual space available for a database after mirroring (ASM normal redundancy) and allowing one disk (Quarter and
Half) or two disks (Full Rack) of free space to automatically remirror after disk failures.
3 - Actual space available for the database computed after triple mirroring (ASM high redundancy).

Database Machine IO Performance

X2-2 or X2-8
Full Rack

X2-2
Half Rack

X2-2
Quarter

Disk Data
Bandwidth1,3

High Perf Disk

25 GB/s

12.5 GB/s

5.4 GB/s

High Cap Disk

14 GB/s

7 GB/s

3 GB/s

Flash Cache
Data Bandwidth1,3

High Perf Disk

75 GB/s

37.5 GB/s

16 GB/s

High Cap Disk

64 GB/s

32 GB/s

13.5 GB/s

High Perf Disk

50,000

25,000

10,800

High Cap Disk

25,000

12,500

5,400

1,500,000

750,000

375,000

12 TB/hr

6 TB/hr

3 TB/hr

Disk IOPS
Flash IOPS2,3
Data Load Rate4

1 - Bandwidth is peak physical disk scan bandwidth achieved running SQL, assuming no compression. Effective
data bandwidth will be much higher when compression is factored in.
2 - IOPS Based on read IO requests of size 8K running SQL. Note that the IO size greatly effects flash IOPS.
Others quote IOPS based on 2K, 4K or smaller IOs that are not relevant for databases. Exadata Flash read IOPS
are so high they are typically limited by database server CPU, not IO.
3- Actual Performance varies by application.
4 Exadata load rates are typically limited by database server CPU, not IO. Rates vary based on load method,
indexes, data types, compression, and partitioning

Exadata Storage Expansion Racks

Expand Database Machine Storage Capacity Online
Quarter Rack
Half Rack
Full Rack

Multi Rack
8+ Racks

96 TB Disk
1.5 TB Flash
4 Storage Servers
48 CPU cores

216 TB Disk
3.4 TB Flash
9 Storage Servers
108 CPU cores

432 TB Disk
InfiniBand
6.75 TB Flash
Connected
18 Storage Servers
216 CPU cores

Database Backups, Historical Data, Files, Images, XML

Exadata Storage Software

Exadata Smart Scans
- Up to 10X or greater reduction in data
sent to database servers

Exadata Smart Flash Cache

- Breaks random I/O bottleneck by
increasing IOPs by up to 20X
- Doubles user data scan bandwidths

Exadata Storage Indexes

- Eliminate unnecessary I/Os

Hybrid Columnar Compression

- Efficient compression increases
effective storage capacity and
increases user data scan bandwidths
by a factor of up to 10X

I/O Resource Manager (IORM)

- Enables storage grid by prioritizing
I/Os to ensure predictable
performance

Exadata Intelligent Storage

Exadata storage servers implement data
intensive processing in storage
-

Row filtering based on where predicate

Column filtering
Join filtering
Incremental backup filtering
Scans on Hybrid Columnar Compressed data
Scans on encrypted data
Data Mining model scoring

10x reduction in data sent to DB servers

is common
No application changes needed
- Processing is automatic and transparent
- Even if cell or disk fails during a query

Exadata Smart Flash Cache

Breaks the Disk Random I/O Bottleneck
300 I/O per Sec

Trade-off between traditional disks drives and

Flash
- Disk drives are cheap, high capacity but low I/Os per
second (300 IOPS per disk)
- Flash is expensive, lower capacity but can support
tens of thousands of I/Os per second

Ideal Solution - Exadata Smart Flash Cache

Tens of Thousands of
I/Os per Second

- Keep most data on disk for low cost

- Transparently move hot data to flash
- Use flash cards instead of flash disks to avoid disk
controller limitations
- Flash cards in Exadata storage
High bandwidth, low latency interconnect
4 x 96GB PCI Express Flash Cards per Exadata
Server

Exadata Hybrid Columnar Compression

Data is organized and compressed by column
- Dramatically better compression

Query

Speed Optimized Query Mode for Data

Warehousing
- 10X compression typical
- Runs faster because of Exadata offload!

Space Optimized Archival Mode for

infrequently accessed data
- 15X to 50X compression typical

Smart Scans on HCC tables in Exadata

Faster and Simpler
Backup, DR, Caching,
Reorg, Clone

- Column Projection
- Decompression
- Row Filtering

Benefits Multiply

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Oracle Exadata & Exalogic

for SAP Customers

Oracle Database Update on SAP SDN

http://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/ora

Prerequisites - SAP
SAP Technologies
- SAP NetWeaver 7.x (x>=0) and products, industry specific
solutions including enhancement packages based on this
NetWeaver stack
Examples: SAP ERP (ECC) 6.0, SAP BW 7.x,SAP CRM 2005 /
2007 / 7.x, SAP PLM 6.0 / 7.0x, SAP SRM 2005 / 2007 / 7.x,
SAP SCM 2005 / 2007 / 7.x ...

SAP Deployments
- Only 3-Tier installations
SAP Instances cannot run on database nodes
- SAP Central Services may run on database nodes
SAP Instances must run on separate server(s)
Exalogic with Oracle Linux or any combination of
hardware/operating systems for SAP Instances and Exadata
(Linux/Solaris) allowed

Prerequisites Oracle
Oracle Exadata Database Machine X2-2 or X2-8
Oracle GI, RDBMS and Exadata Storage Software
- Oracle Grid Infrastructure 11.2.0.2
- Oracle RDBMS 11.2.0.2
Oracle Exadata Database Bundle Patch 6 (BP6)
SAP Database Bundle Patch (June 10th) for Exadata

- Oracle Exadata Storage Software 11.2.2.3.2

Database / Compute Node Operating Systems

- Oracle Linux 5 Update 5
- Oracle Solaris 11 Express
Note: All version numbers are minimum versions required for SAP on Exadata

Oracle Exadata for SAP

A major leap in performance, capacity and value

Redundant, secure, scale-out architecture

Eliminate systems integration trial-and-error
Run existing SAP databases out-of-box
Utilize existing personnel, skills, Oracle licenses
Instantly improve performance of SAP applications
Consolidate platforms, databases, power and cooling

Findings from a Customer POC

Business
B-2-B retailer for stationeries and office supplies
operates in 30+ countries

Goals
Expose customer's business-critical real SAP workload to an Exadata
environment (X2-2 Half Rack + Application servers on x86 running Solaris)
Measure performance increase (throughput & response times)
Show how Oracle technology can help to minimize the impact of hard/software failures for the business

Rules/Conditions
No lab tuning, no DB tweaking
Use standard Exadata database setup without optimization
6.5 TB DB migration from Oracle 10.2 (SPARC) via Oracle 11.2 (x86/Linux)
into an Exadata ASM/RAC environment
all improvements should be as well achievable by customer's staff for their
productive systems

Results Volume Testing - Batch

Invoicing of sales subsidiaries:
job net starts 900+ batch jobs
varying amount of jobs running in parallel (1 to 130)

Runtimes:
11h 30min on customer's current environment
3h 45min on Exadata.
Two active nodes of a Half-Rack Exadata had only been utilized
to 25%.

New environment reduced runtime to one third with a

lot of spare capacity

Results Volume Testing Number of Online Users

Simulation of online orders entered in a web shop:
Runs with various parameters (#users, thinktime, #RAC nodes)

Throughput:
one node RAC: 7,500 users with 4s thinktime:
=> ~1s response time and 64% CPU utilization (one node)
four node RAC: 6,000 users with 4s thinktime:
=> ~0.9s response time and 17% CPU utilization (all nodes)

We over-achieved the goal of 2,500 users still having a lot

of spare capacity in Exadata

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Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud

Exalogic is the superfast

engineered system
for running

Middleware and Applications

Oracle Elastic Cloud Platform

Application Grid, OS, Enterprise Manager and Hardware

Applications
Enterprise Manager

WebLogic
Server

Coherence
Tuxedo

JRockit and HotSpot

Exalogic Elastic Cloud Software

Performance and Management Optimizations
Linux

Solaris

Exalogic Elastic Cloud X2-2

Factory Assembled and Installed

Installed on premises

EL X2-2

Application Support and Certification

Optimized for enterprise Java, ready for everything
Runs 1000s of existing applications
No special certification required

Extreme Performance

Certified

Enterprise Java,
Fusion Middleware 11g

Linux or Solaris
Applications

Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud

Oracle Exalogic Elastic Cloud X2-2

Integrated Compute, I/O, Networking and Storage
Integrated Storage

Shared storage for applications

Sun Storage 7320 ZFS Appliance
40 TB SAS disk, 18 TB effect
4 TB read cache SSD
72 GB write cache SSD

Flash
Accelerated

InfiniBand I/O Fabric and 10GbE/GbE

40 Gb/sec links
10 Gigabit Ethernet
connectivity to datacenter

Fully
Redundant

Compute Nodes

30 x86-64 compute nodes (Full Rack)

12 Xeon cores per node
Balanced for
96GB RAM per node
Performance
64GB SSD, 20GB usable per node

EL X2-2

Scale on Demand
Start small and grow
Field upgradable to
larger
configurations
Delivered and
installed by Oracle

All figures are model EL X2-2

8 Compute
Nodes

16 Compute
Nodes

30 Compute
Nodes

Exalogic I/O and Network Design

Hardware-accelerated Network Virtualization
Exalogic X2-2
Datacenter Interconnect

Spine Switch

10GbE

Standard
Oracle
Database

Compute Nodes

Exabus

(InfiniBand I/O Backplane)

Data Center
Service Network
(10GbE)

Exadata
Exalogic
FMW + Application
Execution

Storage
Management Switch
Data Center
Mgmt Network
(GbE)

Oracle Homes
WLS Domains
Logs
Binaries
Patches
User Files

GbE

Management Network (GbE)

Exalogic Elastic Cloud Software

Software enhancements for Exalogic Hardware

Exalogic Software Components

All software that runs on the operating systems used
in Exalogic are supported and will run on Exalogic
- Will run as fast as they would on same hardware outside
Exalogic, typically faster if dependent on I/O at all

Specific Oracle components have been optimized to

yield maximum performance on the engineered
system
-

WebLogic Server 10.3.4 (PS3)

JRockit R28.1 (PS3)
Coherence 3.6 (PS3)
JDBC (PS3)

Current Apps Validation on My Oracle Support

Exalogic Active GridLink for Exadata

Unique Oracle RAC integration and OLTP fault tolerance

Integrated Exalogic and Exadata clusters

Dynamic load balancing of requests to RAC nodes
RAC node transaction affinity for data locality
Maximum JDBC performance with SQLNet over native InfiniBand
protocol (SDP)
Instant load balancing and failover with RAC changes
Typical 3X OLTP performance gain
WebLogic

WebLogic

WebLogic

WebLogic

WebLogic

WebLogic

GridLink

GridLink

GridLink

GridLink

GridLink

GridLink

XA

80%

20%

RAC Node Load Aware

Connection Requests

RAC Node Affinity

For Transactions

Continuous Connections
Even with RAC Changes

Performance and ROI with Exalogic

Performance = less hardware + less software + easier to manage

Exalogic Performance
Advantage

5X or more is
typical
performance
gain for many
application
types:

450%
400%
350%

25%
minimum
gain for
standard
Linux or
Solaris
applications

300%
250%

200%
150%
100%
50%
0%

+25% +50%
Exalogic ROI

2X

3X

5X

Competing Platform ROI

Java EE and
Fusion
Middleware
Oracle
Applications
OLTP with
Oracle Exadata

Extreme Performance