Experiment 01:

1. Aim: To study constructional details and prepare layout of front engine/ rear engine drive
lines.
2. Theory: The Drive Train/lines has two main functions, it carries power from the engine via
the transmission or gearbox to the wheels and it varies the amount of torque delivered from
power. Power from the engine is transferred through the engaged clutch to the input shaft of the
transmission. Gears in the transmission housing alter the torque and speed of this power input
before passing it on to other components in the drive train. There are a few different types of
drive train layouts, front engine front wheel drive, front engine rear wheel drive, front engine
four wheel drive, rear engine rear wheel drive, The main components of drive lines includes the
clutch, gearbox, universal joints, differential, axles and drive shafts.
3. Working:
3.1 Front Engine Rear Wheel Drive:
In Front engine rear wheel drive vehicles propelled by rear wheels use a transmission system.
The transmission gearing is located within an aluminium or iron casing called the transmission
case assembly. The transmission case assembly is attached to the rear of engine, which is
normally located in the front of the vehicle. A drive shaft links the engines output shaft to
transmission with the differential and drive axle located in a separate housing at rear of the
vehicle. The differential splits the driveline power and redirects it to the rear drive axles, which
then passes it on to the wheels. For many years, rear wheel drive was the conventional method of
propelling vehicles.
3.2 Front Engine Front Wheel Drive:
Front wheel drives are propelled through the front wheels. Unlike the transmission used in rear
wheel drive and four wheel drive, here the mechanism is called Transaxle. A transaxle combines
the clutch, gearbox, differential and drive axle connections into a single case aluminium housing
located in front of vehicle.
Major advantage of this type of drive is the good traction on slippery roads due to the weight of
the drive train components being directly over the driving axle of the vehicle.

3.3 Front Engine Four Wheel Drive:

In front engine four wheel drive the power is distributed in all the four wheels. Front wheel
drives typically use a transmission and transfer case. The transfer case mounts on the side or
back of transmission. A chain or gear drive inside the transfer case takes power from the
transmission and transfers it to two separate drive shafts. One drive shaft connects to the
differential on front drive axle. The other drive shaft connects to differential on rear drive axle.
The major application of four wheel drive is in sports utility vehicles.
3.4 Rear Engine Rear Wheel Drive:
Rear engine rear wheel drive layout is one which places both the engine and drive wheels at the
rear of the vehicle. By placing the engine at the rear of the vehicle it can be made as a unit that
incorporates the clutch, gearbox and final drive assembly. The rear wheels act as the driving
wheels and the front wheels swivel to allow the vehicle to be steered. One advantage attributed
to a rear-engined layout is that it increases the load on the rear driving wheels, giving them better
grip of the road. The disadvantages is that placing the engine outside the wheelbase creates
significant problems for steering.

Front engine rear wheel drive

Front engine front wheel drive

Rear engine rear wheel Drive