Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

Hydraulic and Pneumatic System

Tutorial 1 : Introduction to Fluid Power

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What are the key elements of fluid power?

What are the features of mobile hydraulics that differentiate it
from stationary hydraulics?
The Pascal Law states that, if..
Name three type of power transmission in the engineering field.

The figure above reflects a classification of hydraulic system.

Which one is true? Mobile Hydraulics or Stationary Hydraulics.
Who is John Brahmah? What is the main contribution of John
Brahmah to the world of fluid power?
Standard
BS
JIC
CETOP
ISO
ANSI

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Full Name

Above is the standard that is currently used in Hydraulic and

Pneumatic symbols. Name those standards.
There are three important energies in the Bernoulli equation.
Name all three and the equation related to each of them.
Give 6 advantages of using hydraulics.
Give 5 disadvantages of using hydraulics.
What is the difference between laminar flow and turbulent flow?
What kind of flow that is usually contributing to any leakage in a
hydraulic system?
What is the definition of Reynolds number in any pipe
When does laminar flow become turbulent in any pipe?
What are two problems if fluid viscosity is too low?
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Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal
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Hydraulic and Pneumatic System

Describe the different between fluid transfer system and fluid

power system.
Describe the difference between the hydraulic and pneumatic
applications.
Oil is flowing through a 30 mm diameter pipe at 60 lpm.
Determine the velocity. (1.41 m/s)
A student is measuring the time taken for a hydraulic oil to fill
0.5l of oil in a measuring glass for 45s. What is the mass flow rate
of the oil per minute if the specific gravity of the oil is 0.85?
(0.561kg/min)
A reservoir is filled with hydraulic oil that has a specific gravity
0.8. Calculated the hydrostatic pressure at the bottom of the
reservoir if it is filled to a height of 800mm. (6.278kPa)
This involves the ability to compress the fluid. The air has
high value of this parameter while most liquid has a very low
value of this parameter. The physical property also defines
the rigidity of certain fluid.

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The above sentence discusses about one particular physical

properties of fluid. What is it?

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The Reynolds number for flow through a pipe line is given by

R

4Q
D

where is the fluid density, Q the average flow through the pipe,
the fluid viscosity and D the pipe diameter. Given Q = 40 l/min,
D = 3 cm, = .80 g/cm3 and Viscosity = 0.25cm2/s. For the
conditions specified, calculate the Reynolds number for this flow
rate. (1132)
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The bulk modulus of a liquid is defined by the following

equation:
B

p
V / V

where B is the bulk modulus (always positive), p is pressure

change, V is the volume change and V
is the volume. If the
bulk modulus is 17000 bar and the change in pressure is 200 bar,
calculate the percentage of the compressed oil. (1.2%)
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A dimensionless combination of variables that is important in the

study of viscous flow through pipes is called the Reynolds
number, Re, defined as VD/ where is the fluid density, V the
mean fluid velocity, D the pipe diameter, and the fluid viscosity.
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Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

Hydraulic and Pneumatic System

A Newtonian fluid having a viscosity of 0.38 Ns/m2 and a specific

gravity of 0.91 flows through a 25-mm-diameter pipe with a
velocity of 2.6m/s. Determine the value of the Reynolds number.
(156)

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What is the meaning of viscosity? Name three type of viscometer

shown in the above picture?
A hydraulic pump simply creates what? Pressure? Flow? Or Both?
What is the difference between fixed displacement pump and
variable displacement pump?
What is the different between pressure-compensated vane pump
and a balanced vane pump?

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Name both pumps that are presented in the above figure.

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If a pump has a displacement volume of 25 cm 3. Determine the

discharge of the pump in liter per minute if it rotates in 1420
revolution per minutes. (35.5lpm)

Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka

Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal

31)

Hydraulic and Pneumatic System

The typical Rexroth Pump as shown above had been equipped

with a component that enables it to control important element in
fluid power control. Name the components and the element that
it controls.