Tab-3 Text Book Home Work Problems and

Answers
1.2- What is the single most significant contribution of engineers have made for
the betterment of mankind?
I believe the most significant contribution of engineers is generating
electricity. Electrification of homes, cities, farms has changed the lives of
humankind. Engineers have made electricity to happen starting from its initial stage
to be generated from fuels like oil and gases hydrocarbons, hydroelectricity which
uses water falls as a source of generating electricity and later wind and geothermal
sources of electricity were also innovated for the betterment of green electrification,
generally majority of the development in technology uses electricity as a source of
power to perform their tasks.
1.5- List most significant scientific or engineering achievements since 1300?
The most significant inventions in general
Electrification
Automobile Airplane
Water Supply and Distribution
Electronics
Radio and Television
Agricultural Mechanization
Computers
Telephone
Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Highways
Spacecraft
Internet
Imaging
Household Appliances
Health Technologies
Petroleum and
Petrochemical Technologies
Laser and Fiber Optics
Nuclear Technologies
High-performance Materials

1300s- Astrolabe, Compass, Eye Glass:1400s- Annometer Caravel Screw driver

1500s- Printing press Parachute, navigator with better mapping, compound
microscope
1600s- Floating dock Mercator projection, Thermometer, Practical Telescope
1700s-Piano, Binary number used in computers

1800s- First Battery invention, paper making machine, electric arc lamp, steam
locomotive, electric generator
1900s- Ford car, Mechanical Television, Electronic television, Electric refrigerator,
nuclear weapon
2000s- Vacuum cleaning robot, Low cost laptop, Apple touchscreen cellphone,
Apple IPad, 3D TV

1.6- Explain the principal reason for the meager advancement in technology during
the middle ages?
Following the fall of Roman Empire due to large land owners sought to protect
themselves and their properties and the increasing population in cities and large
agricultural production also forced for the innovation of labor saving machines like
wind mill and advancement of gothic architecture in urban.

3.3- Reasons why only 1/3 of engineers are registered / licensed. Also list branches
and career where registration is most needed.
The main reason like failure of FE exam, failure of PE Exam and some
government jos may not require license but the basic problem is engineering needs
high potential of math and practice during school time, successfully completing the
ABTE accredited engineering program doesnt mean you can pass the FE exam
easily, students need careful revision and immediate action to take the FE exam
before or after the graduation. Another issue is finding an internship since PE
license exam requires actual four to five years of experience according the
licensures state, generally the basic reasons are the knowledge of the student
acquired during school time to pass FE exam easily, the interest of the student to
immediately take action for the exam and participate in EIT, and the rules of states
in providing license to engineers.
Branches of Engineering where license is needed include Civil Engineering,
Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering are the widely known for FE exam
due to the job requirement needed , and Chemical Engineering, Biomedical
Engineering and other specializations which specialize in a very sensitive
engineering profession also need license studies like Software engineering may not
require license due to the incompetence of the student/ employee doesnt affect the
environment or doesnt have direct impact on mankind directly in long run but
sensitive professions like Civil Electrical and mechanical Engineering need license

due to the long run impact of improper implementation can yield destruction in
human life and property.

3.1- Draw Family tree diagram showing evolution of engineering profession and
engineering specialities including approximate dates?

ENGINEERING

Computer
Engineering
1970s

Biomedical
Engineering
1967

Hardware
Software

Electrical
Engineering
1700s

Control
Civil
Engineering

Power

4000 - 2000
BC

Communicatio
n

Bioinstrumenta
tion

Environmenta
l
Highway
Railway

1903

Biomechanics
Mechanical
Engineering
287212 BC

Biomaterials
Systems
physiology
Clinical
engineering
Rehabilitation

Stractural

Agricultural
Engineering

Soli and
water
resource
Ecological
Bio