Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

In a boiler generating steam, impurities in the feedwater concentrate

When a boiler generates steam, impurities in the feed water will concentrate. When the con
quality wet steam generated.
The concentration of impurities is often termed TDS - Total Dissolved Solids (ppm) and can

Measuring TDS with the density method

TDS = 1.1 106 ( - 1)

(1)

where
TDS = Total Dissolved Solids (ppm)
= relative density of the boiler water at 15.5oC
This is a manual method and requires measuring a cooled down sample with a very sensitiv

Measuring TDS with the conductivity method

TDS = 0.7

(2)

where
= conductivity (s/cm)
This method can be used with an automatic resistance meter controlling the blow down cycl
normally is used. Be also aware that the conductivity increases with temperature.

TDS Range
Boilers are normally operated in the range 2000 - 3500 TDS.

TDS
(ppm)

Blow Down Rate

The blow down rate depends on the
z
z
z

Conducti
(s/cm

1000

2000

2000

4000

3000

6000

4000

8000

steam consumption (steam used in the process and not returned as condensate to the
concentration of impurities in the feed water
maximum allowable TDS in the boiler

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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)

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maximum allowable TDS in the boiler

Related Topics
z

Thermodynamics Thermodynamics of steam and condensate applications

Related Documents
z
z
z

Boiler Blowdown Suspended solids entering boilers through feed water will remain behi
while the concentration of solids makes the operation of the boiler unsatisfactory
Boiler Blowdown Rate Calculating boiler blowdown rate
Recommended Feed Water Chemistry Limits Steam boilers and ABMA recommended f

Corrosion protection
HydroTech
powder enamelling technology for Water quality monitoring
boilers and hot water tanks.
equipment sales, service and
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